CN109870343B - Loading device capable of applying impact load and steady-state load in time sequence - Google Patents
Loading device capable of applying impact load and steady-state load in time sequence Download PDFInfo
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- CN109870343B CN109870343B CN201711266138.6A CN201711266138A CN109870343B CN 109870343 B CN109870343 B CN 109870343B CN 201711266138 A CN201711266138 A CN 201711266138A CN 109870343 B CN109870343 B CN 109870343B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a loading device capable of applying impact load and steady-state load in a time sequence manner, which is characterized by comprising a loading piston 1, a cylinder 2, a pneumatic valve 3, an energy storage gas tank 4 and an inflation solenoid valve 5, wherein the loading piston is connected with the cylinder 2; the loading piston 1 is arranged in the cylinder 2, and the loading end of the loading piston 1 and the loading object 6 can determine a connection mode according to test requirements; the cylinder 2 is connected with an energy storage gas tank 4 through a pneumatic valve 3, and the flow speed and the flow of compressed gas in the energy storage gas tank 4 to the outer cylinder body 2 can be controlled; the energy storage gas tank 4 is connected with an external gas source through a charging solenoid valve 5, wherein the volume V2 of the energy storage gas tank 4 is larger than the effective volume V1 of the cylinder 2. The technique of the present invention can simulate the impact of belt speed. Under some working conditions, the collision impact with the speed needs to be simulated, a certain acceleration distance is reserved between the piston and the tested structure, and the collision impact with the speed can be realized by pushing the piston to move by using high-pressure gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of development of special test loading devices, and is used for simulating a special load loading mode, and quasi-steady-state loads can be applied immediately after impact loads act according to a time sequence.
Background
For some structures or system structures which are unfolded under the action of impact load and then bear static load to realize functions, such as an adjustable nozzle of a solid rocket engine and a mounting structure thereof, the load form is shown in figure 1, the load can be divided into a transient impact process and a quasi-steady state process, the transient impact process is generally in the millisecond order, and the duration of the quasi-steady state process is more than several seconds. Before a bench ignition test or a flight test is carried out, the bearing capacity of the structure needs to be analyzed or tested so as to ensure the safety of the structure in the test process.
In engineering practice, the simplest method is to take the maximum thrust load as the load of an assessment structure, a certain safety factor is considered to ensure the structure safety, the method has wide applicability in a general steady-state process and a low-dynamic process, the method is also an effective engineering simplification method, and the complexity of a test system can be effectively reduced. However, the ignition process of the solid rocket engine is an obvious impact process, and the impact response characteristic and the combustion process are related to the structural form of the grain, including time domain characteristic and frequency domain characteristic. The time domain characteristic related indexes comprise load duration, the change rule of the load along with time and the like. The frequency domain characteristics mainly refer to the frequency range, the main frequency contribution, etc., contained by the response. The impact process is generally a wide frequency, the effective excitation bandwidth can reach thousands of hertz, while the structural frequency of the missile or engine generally takes low frequency as the main frequency, the frequency which can cause larger structural response is generally below 1000 hertz, the impact process and the structural dynamic characteristic can be coupled, if only steady-state load is considered or the dynamic load is simply equivalent to the steady-state load, for example, a certain safety factor is considered, the coefficient is generally larger and more conservative, the assessment is possibly insufficient or too strict, and the improvement of the structural efficiency and the guarantee of the flight safety are not facilitated.
At present, in a strength test needing to simulate large load input, an electro-hydraulic servo device is generally adopted for loading, high-pressure hydraulic oil is used as a working medium, the flow and the pressure of the hydraulic oil are controlled through a high-precision electromagnetic valve, and the purpose of controlling load output is achieved by combining the design of an actuating device. Due to the incompressibility of the fluid, the frequency response of such devices is generally low, typically several tens of hertz, and if higher response frequencies are to be achieved, the flow rate needs to be increased, which is costly.
The invention provides a design scheme of a pneumatic loading device capable of simulating an impact load in an ignition process and a quasi-steady-state load in a steady-state process according to a time sequence, the response speed of a gas medium is high, and a certain load simulation precision can be achieved by combining a control scheme, so that a low-cost solution is provided for the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to meet the loading requirements of a bearing characteristic assessment test of an adjustable nozzle and a mounting structure thereof in the ignition process of a solid rocket engine, a loading device capable of applying impact load and steady-state load in a time sequence is provided.
Technical scheme
A loading device capable of applying impact load and steady-state load in a time sequence manner is characterized by comprising a loading piston 1, a cylinder 2, a pneumatic valve 3, an energy storage gas tank 4 and an inflation solenoid valve 5; the loading piston 1 is arranged in the cylinder 2, and the loading end of the loading piston 1 and the loading object 6 can determine a connection mode according to test requirements; the cylinder 2 is connected with an energy storage gas tank 4 through a pneumatic valve 3, and the flow speed and the flow of compressed gas in the energy storage gas tank 4 to the outer cylinder body 2 can be controlled; the energy storage gas tank 4 is connected with an external gas source through a charging solenoid valve 5, wherein the volume V2 of the energy storage gas tank 4 is larger than the effective volume V1 of the cylinder 2.
The loading piston 1 is provided with an air-tight device,
the loading end of the loading piston 1 is fixedly connected with a loading object 6 in a mechanical mode.
The volume V2 of the energy storage gas tank 4 is not less than 5 times of the effective volume V1 of the cylinder 2.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of an adjustable nozzle load pattern for a solid rocket engine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
The device comprises a loading piston 1, a cylinder 2, an air-operated valve 3, an energy storage air tank 4, an air charging electromagnetic valve 5 and a loading object 6.
Advantageous effects
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the output load adjusting range is large. The output load is the product of the air pressure P acting on the piston and the piston area S, the piston area is kept, and the pressure acting on the piston is changed, so that the adjustment of the output load can be realized.
2. The characteristic parameters of the impact load are adjustable. The main characteristic parameters of the impact load are load change rate and load peak value, the air pressure change speed acting on the piston can be adjusted by adjusting the air inflow and the air intake speed of the pneumatic valve, the load change rate is adjusted accordingly, and the load peak value can be changed by changing the energy storage pressure.
3. The steady-state load can realize constant force output. After pressure is built at the right end of the pneumatic piston, the pneumatic valve is completely opened, because the volume V2 of the energy storage gas tank is far larger than the effective volume V1 of the pneumatic cylinder, more accurate pressure control can be realized, and the large volume of the energy storage gas tank can make up pressure change caused by small amount of leakage, so that constant force output is realized in a steady state stage.
4. The impact of the belt speed can be simulated. Under some working conditions, the collision impact with the speed needs to be simulated, a certain acceleration distance is reserved between the piston and the tested structure, and the collision impact with the speed can be realized by pushing the piston to move by using high-pressure gas.
5. The cost is low. The components used in the system are processed without special technological processes and special materials, so that the comprehensive cost is low.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The loading device comprises a loading piston 1, a cylinder 2, a pneumatic valve 3, an energy storage gas tank 4 and an inflation solenoid valve 5; the loading piston 1 is positioned in the cylinder 2, is in clearance-free fit with the cylinder 2 and can axially slide along the cylinder; the loading end of the loading piston 1 and the loading object 6 can determine a connection mode according to test requirements, when the test requires the collision impact with the speed, a certain distance is reserved between the loading end and the loading object, otherwise, the loading end and the loading object are fixedly connected; the cylinder 2 is connected with an energy storage gas tank 4 through a pneumatic valve 3, and the flow speed and the flow of compressed gas in the energy storage gas tank 4 to the outer cylinder body 2 can be controlled according to the waveform requirement to generate a preset waveform; the energy storage gas tank 4 is connected with an external gas source through an air charging electromagnetic valve 5, wherein the volume V2 of the energy storage gas tank 4 is generally more than 5 times of the effective volume of the cylinder 2, and the pressure of the energy storage gas tank 4 is determined according to the load peak value of the waveform.
When the device works, high-pressure gas in the cylinder 2 instantly compresses the loading piston 1 through the pneumatic valve 3, and the piston 1 moves under gas compression to apply load to a loading object. The air pressure change speed acted on the piston is adjusted by controlling the air input and the air inlet speed of the pneumatic valve 3, so that the load change rate is adjusted, the impact waveform is adjusted, see figure 1, and the corresponding time t of the peak value of the impact wave can be determined by controlling the air input and the air inlet speed of the pneumatic valve 30. By changing the initial pressure of the accumulator tank 4, the peak value of the load, i.e. the peak value f in fig. 1, can be changed0And f1。
Claims (1)
1. A loading device capable of applying impact load and steady-state load in a time sequence for special tests is characterized by comprising a loading piston (1), a cylinder (2), a pneumatic valve (3), an energy storage gas tank (4) and an inflation solenoid valve (5); the loading piston (1) is arranged in the cylinder (2), the loading piston (1) is in gapless fit with the cylinder (2), an airtight device is arranged on the loading piston (1), and the loading end of the loading piston (1) and a loading object (6) can determine a connection mode according to test requirements; the cylinder (2) is connected with the energy storage gas tank (4) through the pneumatic valve (3), and the flow speed and the flow of compressed gas in the energy storage gas tank (4) to the cylinder (2) can be controlled; the energy storage gas tank (4) is connected with an external gas source through a gas charging electromagnetic valve (5), wherein the volume V2 of the energy storage gas tank (4) is larger than the effective volume V1 of the cylinder (2), the volume V2 of the energy storage gas tank (4) is not smaller than 5 times of the effective volume V1 of the cylinder (2), high-pressure gas in the cylinder (2) instantaneously compresses the loading piston (1) through the pneumatic valve (3) during work, the loading piston (1) moves under gas compression to apply load to a loading object, the air pressure change speed acting on the loading piston (1) is adjusted through controlling the air inflow and the air inflow speed of the pneumatic valve (3), so that the load change rate is adjusted, the impact waveform is adjusted, the time corresponding to the impact wave peak value is determined through controlling the air inflow and the air inflow speed of the pneumatic valve (3), the load peak value is changed through changing the initial pressure of the energy storage gas tank (4), the loading end of the loading piston (1) is fixedly connected with a loading object (6) in a mechanical mode.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711266138.6A CN109870343B (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | Loading device capable of applying impact load and steady-state load in time sequence |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711266138.6A CN109870343B (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | Loading device capable of applying impact load and steady-state load in time sequence |
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| CN109870343A CN109870343A (en) | 2019-06-11 |
| CN109870343B true CN109870343B (en) | 2022-03-15 |
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Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2404115Y (en) * | 1999-12-02 | 2000-11-01 | 江苏法尔胜技术开发中心 | Variable load, impact low-periodic fatigue testing machine |
| RU2202106C2 (en) * | 2000-06-19 | 2003-04-10 | Российский федеральный ядерный центр - Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт технической физики им. акад. Е.И. Забабахина | Set for impact test |
| CN1621796A (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2005-06-01 | 南京航空航天大学 | Pneumatic type multiple waveform active shock waveform generator |
| CN101769818A (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2010-07-07 | 中华人民共和国无锡出入境检验检疫局 | Pneumatic hydraulic servo horizontal impact tester |
| CN203414279U (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2014-01-29 | 中国计量学院 | Braking simulation loading device |
| CN104454712A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-03-25 | 广西智通节能环保科技有限公司 | Pneumatic loading system |
| CN204903125U (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-12-23 | 安徽合力股份有限公司 | Experimental mechanical device of spare part impact fatigue |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202442928U (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-09-19 | 东北林业大学 | Shearing/ballistics tester of wood pieces |
| CN103712767A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-04-09 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Pneumatic device for pneumatic type horizontal impact table |
| CN106837924A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-06-13 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | A kind of blow cylinder device |
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2017
- 2017-12-04 CN CN201711266138.6A patent/CN109870343B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2404115Y (en) * | 1999-12-02 | 2000-11-01 | 江苏法尔胜技术开发中心 | Variable load, impact low-periodic fatigue testing machine |
| RU2202106C2 (en) * | 2000-06-19 | 2003-04-10 | Российский федеральный ядерный центр - Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт технической физики им. акад. Е.И. Забабахина | Set for impact test |
| CN1621796A (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2005-06-01 | 南京航空航天大学 | Pneumatic type multiple waveform active shock waveform generator |
| CN101769818A (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2010-07-07 | 中华人民共和国无锡出入境检验检疫局 | Pneumatic hydraulic servo horizontal impact tester |
| CN203414279U (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2014-01-29 | 中国计量学院 | Braking simulation loading device |
| CN104454712A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-03-25 | 广西智通节能环保科技有限公司 | Pneumatic loading system |
| CN204903125U (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-12-23 | 安徽合力股份有限公司 | Experimental mechanical device of spare part impact fatigue |
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