CN109867826B - Preparation method of modified diatomite - Google Patents

Preparation method of modified diatomite Download PDF

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CN109867826B
CN109867826B CN201811655235.9A CN201811655235A CN109867826B CN 109867826 B CN109867826 B CN 109867826B CN 201811655235 A CN201811655235 A CN 201811655235A CN 109867826 B CN109867826 B CN 109867826B
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diatomite
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phenolic resin
rubber
ball milling
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CN109867826A (en
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陶绪泉
武守强
崔慧
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Liaocheng University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种硅藻土的改性制备方法,属于橡胶材料领域。该方法具有原料便宜、易得,加工设备简单、操作方便、加工过程中不污染环境,与未改性硅藻土相比,改性后的硅藻土与天然橡胶基体具有较好的结合能力,可提高天然橡胶的力学性能。The invention discloses a modified preparation method of diatomite, which belongs to the field of rubber materials. The method has the advantages of cheap and easy-to-obtain raw materials, simple processing equipment, convenient operation, and no environmental pollution during processing. Compared with unmodified diatomite, the modified diatomite has better binding ability to the natural rubber matrix. , which can improve the mechanical properties of natural rubber.

Description

Preparation method of modified diatomite
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rubber fillers, in particular to a preparation method of modified diatomite, which is used in the field of natural rubber reinforcing fillers.
Background
Diatomite is a biological mineral material formed by depositing and mineralizing remains of unicellular lower aquatic plants diatom in sea and river for millions of years. The diatomite has the advantages of unique orderly arranged microporous structure, a large number of tiny holes and channels, high porosity, large pore volume, light weight, small bulk density, large specific surface area, low heat conductivity coefficient and the like, and the diatomite is widely distributed in China, abundant in resources, convenient to purify and low in price; therefore, the diatomite is used as a rubber filler by utilizing the special structures and properties of micron-sized shapes and natural nano-pores of the diatomite, and has good reinforcing effect (slow shrinkage and the like, performance comparison research of white carbon black and diatomite filled butyl rubber, 2016 (3): 150-154 in the rubber industry). However, since diatomaceous earth has a hydrophilic surface and is poor in compatibility with a rubber matrix, and tends to agglomerate in rubber and is difficult to exert its reinforcing effect, surface modification treatment has been required (Ma Xiao et al, treatment of diatomaceous earth and its application to rubber, rubber science 2014 (10): 14-18). The modification method reported at present mainly adopts wet mixing small molecular modifiers such as silane coupling agents, surfactants and the like, such as Wuweili and the like (a new diatomite-filled rubber nano composite material research, high molecular report, 2017, (11): 54-59) reports that silane coupling agents Si69 are adopted to modify diatoms to replace white carbon black to reinforce filled fluororubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber and acrylate rubber; pengze et al (patent No. 101914229A, a process for preparing diatomite/natural rubber composite) propose that diatomite is modified by silane coupling agent and dispersed in natural latex by emulsion blending method, then surface modifier is added, and after coagulating agent coagulation and drying, a diatomite/natural rubber composite is prepared for preparing medical natural latex products.
The thermoplastic phenolic resin has good compatibility with styrene butadiene rubber, natural rubber and the like, and hydroxymethyl contained in the thermoplastic phenolic resin has strong reactivity, so that the thermoplastic phenolic resin can be used as a tackifier, a reinforcing agent and a softener of rubber, the processing temperature can be reduced, and the safety and the quality uniformity of rubber material mixing can be ensured. Therefore, the thermoplastic phenolic resin modified diatomite can increase the compatibility of the diatomite with natural rubber, styrene butadiene rubber and the like, play a role in reinforcing the diatomite in the rubber and improve the physical and mechanical properties of the rubber.
Drawings
FIGS. 1 and 2 are scanning electron micrographs of unmodified diatomaceous earth and phenolic resin-modified diatomaceous earth, respectively. The diatomite is in a disc-shaped structure, and more micropores exist on the surface; when the surface of diatomaceous earth is modified with a phenolic resin, the discoid structure disappears.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problems that the compatibility between diatomite and a natural rubber matrix is poor, the diatomite is difficult to disperse in rubber, easy to agglomerate and difficult to exert the reinforcing effect.
The invention aims to provide a novel rubber filler diatomite modification preparation method, which comprises the steps of carrying out ball milling on thermoplastic phenolic resin and diatomite in a ball mill, and enabling hydroxymethyl in the thermoplastic phenolic resin and silicon hydroxyl on the surface of the diatomite to be mutually combined through mechanical force action so as to modify the surface of the diatomite, improve the dispersibility and compatibility of the diatomite in a natural rubber matrix, improve the bonding force with the rubber matrix and further achieve the effect of enhancing the natural rubber.
The preparation method of the modified diatomite provided by the invention has the advantages of simple processing equipment, convenience in operation, no environmental pollution in the processing process, good reinforcing effect of the modified diatomite on natural rubber, high product cost performance and good market application prospect. The specific embodiment adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention is further described with reference to specific embodiments, without limiting the scope of protection. Meanwhile, the experimental methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials are commercially available, unless otherwise specified.
Embodiment 1
(1) Firstly, drying the diatomite in an oven at 105 ℃ for 3 hours, weighing 50g of diatomite after cooling, and putting the diatomite into a ball milling tank. Ball milling is carried out on a planetary ball mill, the rotating speed is adjusted to be 200 r/min, the time is 10 hours, and a sample is taken out.
(2) The unmodified diatomite sample is used as a natural rubber reinforcing filler, and is subjected to plastication, mixing, tabletting, vulcanization and cutting to obtain a standard sample piece for mechanical property test. The basic formula of the rubber processing is as follows: natural Rubber (NR), 100 parts; zinc oxide (ZnO-80), 6.25; stearic acid, 1.5; 2.5 parts of sulfur; accelerator NS (NS-80), 1.25; anti-aging agent 4020, 1.5; 30 parts of unmodified diatomite.
(2) From the mechanical property test results (see table 1), it can be seen that the elongation at break is 749.72%, which is increased by 306.42%, and the tensile strength at break is 23.84MPa, which is increased by 1.96MPa, compared with the unmodified natural diatomite.
Embodiment 2
(1) Firstly, drying the diatomite in an oven at 105 ℃ for 3 hours, weighing 50g of diatomite after cooling, and weighing 1g of phenolic resin (according to m)Phenolic resin∶mDiatomiteMixing the two at a ratio of 1: 50, and placing the mixture into a ball milling tank. Ball milling is carried out on a planetary ball mill, the rotating speed is adjusted to be 200 r/min, the time is 10 hours, and a sample is taken out.
(2) The modified diatomite sample is used as a natural rubber reinforcing filler, and is subjected to plastication, mixing, tabletting, vulcanization and cutting to obtain a standard sample piece for mechanical property test. The basic formula of the rubber processing is as follows: natural Rubber (NR), 100 parts; zinc oxide (ZnO-80), 6.25; stearic acid, 1.5; 2.5 parts of sulfur; accelerator NS (NS-80), 1.25; anti-aging agent 4020, 1.5; 30 parts of modified diatomite.
(3) From the mechanical property test results (see table 1), it can be seen that the elongation at break is 749.72%, which is increased by 306.42%, and the tensile strength at break is 23.84MPa, which is increased by 1.96MPa, compared with the unmodified natural diatomite.
Embodiment 3
(1) Diatomaceous earth was first placed in an oven at 105 deg.CDrying for 3 hr, cooling, weighing 50g diatomaceous earth, and weighing 1.67g phenolic resin (according to m)Phenolic resin∶mDiatomite1: 30), mixing the two, and putting the mixture into a ball milling tank. Ball milling is carried out on a planetary ball mill, the rotating speed is adjusted to be 200 r/min, the time is 10 hours, and a sample is taken out.
(2) The modified diatomite sample is used as a natural rubber reinforcing filler, and is subjected to plastication, mixing, tabletting, vulcanization and cutting to obtain a standard sample piece for mechanical property test. The basic formula of the rubber processing is as follows: natural Rubber (NR), 100 parts; zinc oxide (ZnO-80), 6.25; stearic acid, 1.5; 2.5 parts of sulfur; accelerator NS (NS-80), 1.25; anti-aging agent 4020, 1.5; 30 parts of modified diatomite.
(3) From the mechanical property test results (see table 1), it can be seen that the elongation at break is 561.42%, which is increased by 118.12%, and the tensile strength at break is 24.50MPa, which is increased by 2.62MPa, compared with the unmodified natural diatomite.
Embodiment 4
(1) Diatomaceous earth is first dried in an oven at 105 ℃ for 3 hours, after cooling 50g of diatomaceous earth are weighed out, and 2.5g of phenolic resin (in terms of m) are weighed outPhenolic resin∶mDiatomite1: 20), mixing the two, and putting the mixture into a ball milling tank. Ball milling is carried out on a planetary ball mill, the rotating speed is adjusted to be 200 r/min, the time is 12 hours, and a sample is taken out.
(2) The modified diatomite sample is used as a natural rubber reinforcing filler, and is subjected to plastication, mixing, tabletting, vulcanization and cutting to obtain a standard sample piece for mechanical property test. The basic formula of the rubber processing is as follows: natural Rubber (NR), 100 parts; zinc oxide (ZnO-80), 6.25; stearic acid, 1.5; 2.5 parts of sulfur; accelerator NS (NS-80), 1.25; anti-aging agent 4020, 1.5; 30 parts of modified diatomite.
(3) From the mechanical property test results (see table 1), it can be seen that compared with the unmodified natural diatomite, the elongation at break is 710.46%, which is improved by 267.16%, and the tensile strength at break is 24.92MPa, which is improved by 3.04 MPa.
Embodiment 5
(1) Firstly, diatomite is dried in an oven at 105 ℃ for 3 hours, and 50g of diatomite is weighed after coolingSoil, and 2.63g of phenolic resin (in terms of m) were weighed outPhenolic resin∶mDiatomite1: 19), mixing the two, and putting the mixture into a ball milling tank. Ball milling is carried out on a planetary ball mill, the rotating speed is adjusted to be 220 r/m, the time is 10 hours, and a sample is taken out.
(2) The modified diatomite sample is used as a natural rubber reinforcing filler, and is subjected to plastication, mixing, tabletting, vulcanization and cutting to obtain a standard sample piece for mechanical property test. The basic formula of the rubber processing is as follows: natural Rubber (NR), 100 parts; zinc oxide (ZnO-80), 6.25; stearic acid, 1.5; 2.5 parts of sulfur; accelerator NS (NS-80), 1.25; anti-aging agent 4020, 1.5; 30 parts of modified diatomite.
(3) From the mechanical property test results (see table 1), it can be seen that compared with the unmodified natural diatomite, the elongation at break is 624.26%, which is improved by 180.96%, and the tensile strength at break is 25.20MPa, which is improved by 3.32 MPa.
Embodiment 6
(1) The diatomaceous earth is dried in an oven at 105 ℃ for 3 hours, 50g of diatomaceous earth is weighed after cooling, and 0.63g of phenolic resin (in terms of m) is weighedPhenolic resin∶mDiatomite1: 80), mixing the two, and putting the mixture into a ball milling tank. Ball milling is carried out on a planetary ball mill, the rotating speed is adjusted to be 220 r/m, the time is 10 hours, and a sample is taken out.
(2) The modified diatomite sample is used as a natural rubber reinforcing filler, and is subjected to plastication, mixing, tabletting, vulcanization and cutting to obtain a standard sample piece for mechanical property test. The basic formula of the rubber processing is as follows: natural Rubber (NR), 100 parts; zinc oxide (ZnO-80), 6.25; stearic acid, 1.5; 2.5 parts of sulfur; accelerator NS (NS-80), 1.25; anti-aging agent 4020, 1.5; 30 parts of modified diatomite.
(3) From the mechanical property test results (see table 1), it can be seen that compared with the unmodified natural diatomite, the elongation at break is 642.62%, which is improved by 199.32%, and the tensile strength at break is 23.41MPa, which is improved by 1.53 MPa.
Embodiment 7
(1) Firstly, drying the diatomite in an oven at 105 ℃ for 3 hours, weighing 50g of diatomite after cooling, and weighing 1g of phenolic resin (according to m)Phenolic resin∶mDiatomite1: 50), mixing the two, and putting the mixture into a ball milling tank. Ball milling is carried out on a planetary ball mill, the rotating speed is adjusted to be 220 r/m, the time is 10 hours, and a sample is taken out.
(2) The modified diatomite sample is used as a natural rubber reinforcing filler, and is subjected to plastication, mixing, tabletting, vulcanization and cutting to obtain a standard sample piece for mechanical property test. The basic formula of the rubber processing is as follows: natural Rubber (NR), 100 parts; zinc oxide (ZnO-80), 6.25; stearic acid, 1.5; 2.5 parts of sulfur; accelerator NS (NS-80), 1.25; anti-aging agent 4020, 1.5; 40 parts of modified diatomite.
(3) From the mechanical property test results (see table 1), it can be seen that compared with the unmodified natural diatomite, the elongation at break is 577.83%, which is improved by 134.53%, and the tensile strength at break is 23.49MPa, which is improved by 1.61 MPa.
Embodiment 8
(1) Firstly, drying the diatomite in an oven at 105 ℃ for 3 hours, weighing 50g of diatomite after cooling, and weighing 1g of phenolic resin (according to m)Phenolic resin∶mDiatomite1: 50), mixing the two, and putting the mixture into a ball milling tank. Ball milling is carried out on a planetary ball mill, the rotating speed is adjusted to be 220 r/m, the time is 10 hours, and a sample is taken out.
(2) The modified diatomite sample is used as a natural rubber reinforcing filler, and is subjected to plastication, mixing, tabletting, vulcanization and cutting to obtain a standard sample piece for mechanical property test. The basic formula of the rubber processing is as follows: natural Rubber (NR), 100 parts; zinc oxide (ZnO-80), 6.25; stearic acid, 1.5; 2.5 parts of sulfur; accelerator NS (NS-80), 1.25; anti-aging agent 4020, 1.5; 15 parts of white carbon black and 15 parts of modified diatomite.
(3) From the mechanical property test results (see table 1), it can be seen that compared with the unmodified natural diatomite, the elongation at break is 568.24%, which is improved by 124.94%, and the tensile strength at break is 23.03MPa, which is improved by 1.15 MPa.
TABLE 1 mechanical Properties of diatomaceous earth-filled Natural rubber
Figure GSB0000190502320000051

Claims (5)

1.一种改性硅藻土的制备方法,其特征在于,制备方法包括以下步骤:1. a preparation method of modified diatomite, is characterized in that, preparation method comprises the following steps: (1)将称量好的硅藻土置于烘箱中加热至102-120℃进行干燥2-6小时;(1) place the weighed diatomite in an oven and heat to 102-120°C for drying for 2-6 hours; (2)将干燥后的硅藻土与一定量的酚醛树脂混合、放入球磨罐内,在行星式球磨机上进行球磨,球磨结束后,取出样品,包装待用。(2) Mix the dried diatomite with a certain amount of phenolic resin, put it into a ball mill, and perform ball milling on a planetary ball mill. After the ball milling is completed, take out the sample and pack it for later use. 2.根据权利要求1中所描述的制备方法,其特征在于硅藻土包括天然或经过煅烧后的,其性能指标为:颜色为白色,白度80以上;细度在200-600目;pH 值8-10;堆积密度为0.36-0.48g/cm32. according to the preparation method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that diatomite includes natural or after calcination, and its performance index is: color is white, whiteness is more than 80; fineness is 200-600 mesh; pH Values 8-10; bulk density 0.36-0.48 g/cm 3 . 3.根据权利要求1中所描述的制备方法,其特征在于酚醛树脂的性能指标为:热塑性,软化点为95-112℃,水分小于3%。3. according to the preparation method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the performance index of phenolic resin is: thermoplasticity, softening point is 95-112 ℃, moisture is less than 3%. 4.根据权利要求1中所描述的制备方法,其特征在于酚醛树脂和硅藻土用量比例为:m酚醛树脂∶m硅藻土=1∶12-100。4. according to the preparation method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the dosage ratio of phenolic resin and diatomaceous earth is: m phenolic resin : m diatomaceous earth =1: 12-100. 5.根据权利要求1中的制备方法,其特征在于采用常温机械球磨法,转速为200-250转/分,球磨时间为10-12h。5. according to the preparation method in claim 1, it is characterized in that adopting normal temperature mechanical ball milling, rotating speed is 200-250 rev/min, and ball milling time is 10-12h.
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