Background
Pitavastatin calcium (NK-104), developed by Kowa company, is called "super statin" (Superstatin) because of its good cholesterol-lowering effect. Pitavastatin calcium has the effect of remarkably reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and can be used for treating diseases such as hypercholesterolemia, familial hypercholesterolemia and the like.
Wherein [ [ 2-cyclopropyl-4- (4-fluorophenyl) -3-quinolyl ] methyl ] triphenyl phosphine bromide is one of important intermediates for preparing pitavastatin calcium. In various patent documents CN1951920A, CN101747265A, CN103508947A and the like, the compound of formula A is used for preparing 2-cyclopropyl-4- (4-fluorophenyl) quinoline-3-methanol for further synthesizing pitavastatin calcium.
In the current commercial production, the intermediate is mainly prepared by the following route, 2-cyclopropyl-4- (4-fluorophenyl) -3-quinoline methanol is used as a raw material, phosphorus tribromide is used for bromination reaction to prepare a brominated intermediate, and the brominated intermediate is separated and purified and then reacts with triphenylphosphine to obtain a phosphonium salt shown in a formula II:
although the yield and the cost are better reflected, the method generates a large amount of phosphorus-containing wastewater and has poor stability of intermediates which are not well solved all the time. At present, the environmental stress is becoming more severe, and the advantages of the route are gradually lost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the inventor develops a new way and provides an improved method for preparing the compound of the formula II, which has the advantages of easily available raw materials, simple operation, high yield and more environmental protection. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention designs the following improved synthetic route: the compound of formula I and triphenylphosphine hydrobromide are used as raw materials to prepare the target product compound II through a one-step reaction. Specifically, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A process for preparing ([ [ 2-cyclopropyl-4- (4-fluorophenyl) -3-quinolinyl ] methyl ] triphenylphosphonium bromide) of formula II, comprising the steps of: the 2-cyclopropyl-4- (4-fluorophenyl) -3-quinoline methanol (formula I) shown in the formula I and triphenylphosphine hydrobromide are heated and reacted in the presence of an organic solvent to directly form a compound II.
The organic solvent is selected from acetonitrile, acetonitrile/water mixed solvent, toluene, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, or a mixture of two or more thereof, and preferably acetonitrile, acetonitrile/water mixed solvent, or toluene.
In one embodiment, the molar ratio of the compound of formula I to triphenylphosphine hydrobromide is 1: 1.0 to 2.0, preferably 1: 1.0 to 2.0, more preferably 1: 1.0 to 1.5, most preferably 1: 1.0 to 1.2.
The triphenylphosphine hydrobromide used as the raw material in the method is a bulk commodity, the reaction operation is simple, the reaction can be completed in one step, the product yield is high, the generation of unstable brominated intermediates is avoided, the phosphorus-containing wastewater and the phosphorus-containing waste residues are effectively reduced, the production cost is reduced, and therefore, the method is more suitable for large-scale production.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. It is to be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not limiting upon the present invention. Various changes or modifications thereof, which may occur to those skilled in the art based on the teachings of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The addition amount, content and concentration of various substances are referred to herein, wherein the percentage refers to the mass percentage unless otherwise specified.
In the examples herein, if no specific description is made about the reaction temperature or the operation temperature, the temperature is usually referred to as room temperature (15 to 25 ℃).
In the specific reaction, the ratio between the compound of the formula I and triphenylphosphine hydrobromide as starting materials can be adjusted appropriately according to the principle of chemical equilibrium from the economical viewpoint of the cost of the product, as will be understood by those skilled in the art.
In one embodiment, the reaction system may contain water, for example, the solvent may be acetonitrile/water mixed solvent. This is clearly different from the reaction systems of the prior art. The reaction system of the invention allows water to exist, on one hand, the treatment process of drying and/or dehydrating the compound of the formula I and the triphenylphosphine serving as raw materials is omitted, the production cost is reduced, and on the other hand, the reaction process is easier to control, and the reaction temperature, the reaction speed and the like can be adjusted.
As for the ratio of acetonitrile to water in the acetonitrile/water mixed solvent, the method of v/v is used in the examples herein.
The reaction steps are basically carried out in a solvent under the condition of heating reflux, the reaction conditions are mild, and the control is easy, so the operation is simple and safe.
Examples
Reagent: the reactants and the catalyst used in the embodiment of the invention are chemically pure, and can be directly used or simply purified according to the requirement; the organic solvent and the like are analytically pure and are directly used. The reagents were purchased from Shanghai chemical reagent company, China medicine (group).
A detection instrument:
nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus type: bruker affinity HD 600MHz, Bruker affinity III 400MHz
EXAMPLE 1 preparation of Compound II
2.9g of 2-cyclopropyl-4- (4-fluorophenyl) -3-quinolinemethanol (compound I), 3.4g of triphenylphosphine hydrobromide and 30ml of toluene are added into a 100ml three-necked bottle, heated, refluxed and stirred, cooled and crystallized after the reaction is finished, and dried to obtain a white solid. Namely [ [ 2-cyclopropyl-4- (4-fluorophenyl) -3-quinolyl ] methyl ] triphenyl phosphine bromide (compound II). Yield: 80 percent; the purity is 99.0 percent;
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD):δ=0.64(br s,2H),1.05(br s,2H),2.04(m,1H),5.25(d,J=11.5Hz,2H),6.83(br s,2H),7.15(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.18–7.33(m,8H),7.38(m,1H),7.64(m,6H),7.71(m,1H),7.89(m,3H),7.94(d,J=8.4Hz,1H).
example 2 preparation of Compound II
2.9g of 2-cyclopropyl-4- (4-fluorophenyl) -3-quinolinemethanol, 3.4g of triphenylphosphine hydrobromide and 30ml of acetonitrile were added to a 100ml three-necked flask, and the mixture was stirred under reflux under heating, and after completion of the reaction, the mixture was concentrated to dryness to obtain a white solid. Namely [ [ 2-cyclopropyl-4- (4-fluorophenyl) -3-quinolyl ] methyl ] triphenyl phosphine bromide (compound II). Yield: 96.5 percent; the purity is 98.0 percent; examples 3 to 7 preparation of Compound II
Compound II was prepared by adjusting the ratio between compound I and triphenylphosphine hydrobromide and the kind of solvent according to the procedure shown in example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 preparation of Compound II
As can be seen from Table 1, the experimental results of acetonitrile or acetonitrile/water mixed solvent as a solvent are superior to those of dichloromethane and tetrahydrofuran in view of the combination of yield and purity of Compound II.