CN109862639B - Glass with electric heating and shielding functions - Google Patents
Glass with electric heating and shielding functions Download PDFInfo
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- CN109862639B CN109862639B CN201910231820.4A CN201910231820A CN109862639B CN 109862639 B CN109862639 B CN 109862639B CN 201910231820 A CN201910231820 A CN 201910231820A CN 109862639 B CN109862639 B CN 109862639B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a glass with electric heating and shielding functions, which comprises: the device comprises a conductive copper foil, outdoor toughened glass, an ITO (indium tin oxide) shielding film, a PVB (polyvinyl butyral) intermediate film, a bus bar, silk-screen silver paste, a heating film, indoor toughened glass, silk-screen black edges, outgoing lines and a temperature sensor; the conductive copper foil is wrapped on the outdoor toughened glass; one surface of the outdoor toughened glass is connected with one surface of the PVB intermediate film through the ITO shielding film; the other surface of the PVB intermediate film is connected with one surface of the indoor toughened glass through a heating film; one surface of the silk-screen silver paste is connected with the heating film, and the other surface of the silk-screen silver paste is connected with the bus bar; the silk-screen black edge is coated on the periphery of the inner surface of the outdoor toughened glass; one end of the outgoing line is connected with the bus bar, and the other end of the outgoing line is connected with the temperature controller; the temperature sensor is arranged between the ITO shielding film and the PVB intermediate film. The invention can make the cab have certain electromagnetic pulse resistance and self-heating defrosting and demisting capabilities.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic pulse prevention, and particularly relates to glass with electric heating and shielding functions.
Background
With the demand of modern war, all countries are dedicated to research electromagnetic pulse weapons, which can destroy the electronic circuit, radar and communication command system of the other party by using strong electromagnetic field in a short time, and can make the enemy of intangible miraculous power without hurting one weapon, and the electromagnetic pulse weapons gradually become one of the new-concept weapons for changing the war rules. In order to improve the battlefield viability of a weapon system, a new generation of special automobiles adopts an anti-nuclear, invisible and three-prevention integrated design, wherein the integration of the electromagnetic pulse resistance and the electric heating resistance of cab glass is one of the technical difficulties. Therefore, there is a need to develop a glass having electrical heating and shielding functions, which is very important to improve the survivability of the new generation of special cars.
The traditional chemically toughened laminated glass can not meet the requirements of high light transmittance, thin thickness, wide electric heating range and high broadband shielding performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the defects of the prior art are overcome, the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions is provided, the cab can have certain electromagnetic pulse resistance and self-heating defrosting and demisting capabilities, the electronic equipment in the cab can be in a stable electromagnetic environment, the windshield glass can be quickly defrosted and demisted in a low-temperature environment, and the battlefield living environment of personnel and the electronic equipment is improved.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a glass with electrical heating and shielding functions, comprising: the device comprises a conductive copper foil, outdoor toughened glass, an ITO (indium tin oxide) shielding film, a PVB (polyvinyl butyral) intermediate film, a bus bar, silk-screen silver paste, a heating film, indoor toughened glass, silk-screen black edges, outgoing lines and a temperature sensor; the conductive copper foil is wrapped at the outer peripheral end of the outdoor toughened glass; one surface of the outdoor toughened glass is connected with one surface of the PVB intermediate film through the ITO shielding film; the other surface of the PVB intermediate film is connected with one surface of the indoor toughened glass through the heating film; the bus bar and the silk-screen silver paste are arranged in the PVB intermediate film, one surface of the silk-screen silver paste is connected with the heating film, and the other surface of the silk-screen silver paste is connected with the bus bar; the silk-screen black edge is coated on the periphery of the inner surface of the outdoor toughened glass; one end of the outgoing line is connected with the bus bar, and the other end of the outgoing line is connected with the temperature controller; the temperature sensor is arranged between the ITO shielding film and the PVB intermediate film.
Among the above-mentioned glass with electrical heating and shielding function, temperature controller gives the busbar through lead-out wire transmission current, then give the silk screen printing silver thick liquid through the busbar with the current transfer, the silk screen printing silver thick liquid is conductive after gives the heating film with the current transfer, thereby the heating film heats two pieces of glass of indoor toughened glass and outdoor toughened glass, temperature sensor detects electrical heating glass's temperature, send into temperature controller after the temperature signal conversion in, through the break-make that comes control heating glass current with the preset temperature point comparison that temperature controller set for, thereby realize the control of deciding the temperature, automatic with glass temperature control in the state for 25 ~ 33 ℃.
In the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions, the line resistance of the ITO shielding film is not more than 4 omega, the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness is not less than 27.6dB, and the light transmittance is not less than 70%.
In the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions, the heat capacity of the outdoor toughened glass is 837.4J/kg DEG C, and the density is 2.5kg/m2Mm, thickness 3mm, surface area 1m2。
In the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions, the heat capacity of the indoor toughened glass is 837.4J/kg DEG C, and the density is 2.5kg/m2Mm, thickness 2mm, surface area 1m2。
In the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions, the heat capacity of the PVB intermediate film is 1287J/kg DEG C, and the density of the PVB intermediate film is 1.08kg/m2·mm。
In the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions, the thickness of the PVB intermediate film is 1.14 mm.
In the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions, the thermal resistance outside the heating film chamber is 0.0531 ℃/W.
In the glass having the electric heating and shielding functions, the power consumed by the heating film in the room is Pi ═ Δ T/R1S; the power consumed by the heating film to the outside is: po ═ DeltaT/R2S; wherein, the delta T is the average temperature difference between the heating film and the indoor and outdoor; r1Is the thermal resistance outside the heating film chamber; r2Heating the indoor side thermal resistance of the membrane; and s is the surface area of the outdoor toughened glass.
In the above glass having electric heating and shielding functions, the glass consumes heat in the course of heating from-18 ℃ to 0 ℃Amount is QC＝(d2+d8)·ρg·Cg+d4·ρpCp; wherein d2 is the thickness of the outdoor toughened glass, d8 is the thickness of the indoor toughened glass, rhogThe density of the outdoor tempered glass, Cg is the heat capacity of the outdoor tempered glass, rhopCp is the density of the PVB interlayer and the heat capacity of the PVB interlayer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) adopt chemical toughened glass layered design, outdoor toughened glass adopts IT0 transparent shielding film to plate at the internal surface, and indoor toughened glass adopts the heating film to plate at the internal surface, and the intermediate level adopts the PVB membrane, and temperature sensor arranges in between ITO shielding film and the PVB membrane, in good time perception glass surface temperature.
2) The direct current resistance between any 1cm of the ITO shielding film surface on the inner surface of the outdoor glass is not more than 4 omega, when electromagnetic waves are incident on the coated shielding glass, the ITO shielding film on the inner surface of the outdoor toughened glass induces current, the ITO shielding film shields the electromagnetic waves, and the induced current on the surface is respectively led into the ground through other conductive copper foils, conductive rubber and metal car bodies on the periphery of the outdoor toughened glass, so that the purpose of electromagnetic shielding is achieved, and meanwhile, the light transmittance of the glass is not less than 70%.
3) Indoor glass internal surface plates with the heating film, it is continuous with temperature controller to arrange silk screen printing silver thick liquid and busbar respectively at indoor toughened glass's upper and lower edge, install in the intraformational temperature sensor of glass intermediate layer and be used for detecting electric heating glass's temperature, send into temperature controller after the temperature signal conversion in, through the break-make of the preset temperature point comparison of setting for with the controller come control heating glass electric current, thereby realize the control of deciding the temperature, automatic with glass temperature control in the state for 25 ~ 33 ℃.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a glass with electric heating and shielding functions provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a glass mounting structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the control of the electrically heated glass according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
A glass with electric heating and shielding functions mainly comprises a conductive copper foil 1, outdoor toughened glass 2, an ITO shielding film 3, a PVB intermediate film 4, a bus bar 5, silk-screen silver paste 6, a heating film 7, indoor toughened glass 8, silk-screen black edges 9, outgoing lines 10 and a temperature sensor 11, and the structure of the glass with electric heating and shielding functions is shown in figure 1.
1) The conductive copper foil 1 (with the width of 6-8mm) is wrapped at the outer peripheral end of the outdoor toughened glass 2, and one surface of the conductive copper foil 1 is attached to one surface of the ITO shielding film 3;
2) one surface (inner surface) of the outdoor toughened glass 2 is connected with one surface of a PVB intermediate film 4 through an ITO shielding film 3;
3) the other surface of the PVB intermediate film 4 is connected with one surface of indoor toughened glass 8 through a heating film 7;
4) one surface of the silk-screen silver paste 6 is sintered on the inner surface (both the upper end and the lower end) of the indoor toughened glass 8 and is tightly connected with the heating film 7;
5) the other surface of the silk-screen silver paste 6 is attached to one surface of a bus bar 5 (both the upper end and the lower end), and the other surface of the bus bar 5 is attached to the PVB intermediate film 4;
6) the silk-screen black edge 9 is coated on the periphery (with the width of 2cm-3cm, preferably 3.3cm) of the inner surface of the outdoor toughened glass 2;
7) one end of the outgoing line 10 is connected with the bus bar 5, and the other end is connected with the temperature controller;
8) the temperature sensor 11 is disposed between the heating film 7 and the PVB interlayer film 4.
9) The laminated design of the chemical toughened glass is adopted, the outdoor toughened glass 2 is plated on the inner surface through the ITO shielding film 3, the indoor toughened glass 8 is plated on the inner surface through the heating film 7, the PVB intermediate film 4 is adopted as the intermediate layer, the temperature sensor 11 is arranged between the heating film 7 and the PVB intermediate film 4, the temperature between the outdoor toughened glass 2 and the indoor toughened glass 8 is sensed timely, the situation that the outdoor toughened glass and the indoor toughened glass are in a high-temperature state (such as 60 ℃) is prevented, and the PVB intermediate film 4 is aged and denatured to influence the bonding performance.
10) When the direct current resistance between any 1cm of the surface of the ITO shielding film 3 on the inner surface of the outdoor toughened glass 2 is not more than 4 omega, the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness can meet the requirement of not less than 27.6dB, when electromagnetic waves enter the surface of the outdoor toughened glass 2, the ITO shielding film 3 on the inner surface of the outdoor toughened glass 2 induces current, and the ITO shielding film 3 shields the electromagnetic waves. The induced current is respectively led into the ground through the conductive copper foil 1, other conductive copper foils, the conductive rubber and the metal car body on the periphery of the outdoor toughened glass 2, so that the electromagnetic shielding purpose is achieved, and meanwhile, the light transmittance of the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions is not less than 70%.
11) The inner surface of the indoor toughened glass 8 is plated with a heating film 7, silk-screen silver paste 6 is respectively arranged on the upper edge and the lower edge of the indoor toughened glass 8 and is connected with a bus bar 5 through a lead 10 and a temperature controller, the temperature controller transmits current to the bus bar 5 through the lead 10, then the current is transmitted to a silk-screen silver paste 6 through a bus bar 5, the current is transmitted to a heating film 7 after the silk-screen silver paste 6 is conductive, the heating film 7 heats two pieces of glass, namely indoor toughened glass 8 and outdoor toughened glass 2, a temperature sensor 11 arranged between the heating film 7 and a PVB intermediate film 4 is used for detecting the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions, the temperature signal is transmitted into a temperature controller after being converted, the on-off of the current of the lead 10 is controlled by comparing with the preset temperature point set by the temperature controller, therefore, the temperature is controlled to be constant, and the temperature of the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions is automatically controlled to be 25-33 ℃.
1) When the line resistance X of the ITO shielding film 3 is 4 Ω/□, the electromagnetic shielding performance SE is about 27.6dB, which is obtained by the reflectivity R of the electromagnetic wave | (377-X)/(377+ X) |, and the electromagnetic shielding performance SE is 20lg (1-R). Since the thicker the ITO shielding film 3 is, the smaller the line resistance X is, the better the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness SE is, but the thicker the ITO shielding film 3 is, the greater the light transmittance of the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions is affected, so that when the line resistance X of the selected ITO shielding film 3 is less than or equal to 4 omega/□, the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness SE is not less than 20dB, and the light transmittance is not less than 70%.
2) Heat capacities of the outdoor tempered glass 2 and the indoor tempered glass 8: cg, 837.4J/kg; density: rhog＝2.5kg/m2Mm; heat capacity of PVB interlayer 4: cp 1287J/kg · c, density: rhop＝1.08kg/m2Mm; the thickness d2 of the outdoor toughened glass 2 is 3 mm; the thickness d8 of the indoor toughened glass 8 is 2 mm; the thickness d4 of the PVB intermediate film 4 is 1.14 mm; the surface area S of the outdoor toughened glass 2 and the indoor toughened glass 8 is 1m2(ii) a Heating film 7 outdoor side thermal resistance R10.0531 ℃/W; thermal film 7 indoor side thermal resistance R2＝0.128℃/W。
According to the above parameters, in the heating process, the average temperature difference between the heating film 7 and the indoor and outdoor is 9 ℃, and then the power consumed by the heating film 7 to the indoor is: pi ═ Δ T/R1·s＝70.3W/m2(ii) a The power consumed by the heating film 7 to the outside is: po ═ DeltaT/R2·s＝169.5W/m2(ii) a The heat Q consumed in the process that the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions is heated from-18 ℃ to 0 DEG CC＝(d2+d8)·ρp·Cg+d4·ρpCp 216937J; 20min, the glass with the functions of electric heating and shielding needs to be heated from-18 ℃ to 0 ℃ with the power Pc ═ QC/h·S＝180.8W/m2(ii) a A glass consumption having electric heating and shielding functionsThe sum of power of (c) is Pi + Po + Pc 420.6w/m2(ii) a Therefore, the glass with the functions of electric heating and shielding consumes 450w/m of power by combining various practical working conditions2The frost removal device can remove at least 80% of frost in the area A within 20min when the ambient temperature is minus 18 +/-3 ℃.
The nuclear electromagnetic pulse resistance function is mainly realized by the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions, the vehicle body window frame, the conductive copper foil, the glass pressing plate, the conductive adhesive tape and the like, as shown in figure 2, the nuclear electromagnetic pulse resistance function is as follows:
1) the car body window frame is welded by steel bent pieces, and the glass pressing plate is detachable, so that the damaged glass can be maintained and replaced conveniently;
2) the surface of the window frame of the car body is sprayed with a conductive coating, and a conductive copper foil 1 led out from an ITO shielding film 3 in the glass interlayer with the electric heating and shielding functions is connected with the conductive coating of the window frame of the car body through an additional copper foil, so that the electric continuity between the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions and the window frame of the car body is realized;
3) a conductive adhesive tape is arranged between the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions and the pressing plate, so that the effects of dust prevention and rain prevention are achieved, and the electric continuity between the window frame of the vehicle body and the glass pressing plate is realized;
4) the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions can adjust the relevant size according to the actual use requirement, and meets the requirements of different purposes.
2. Implementation of electric heating function
The electric heating function is mainly realized by the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions, the input power supply, the wire 10, the temperature controller and the like, the temperature controller can simultaneously control the front windshield, the front wall corner window glass, the vehicle door fixing glass, the vehicle door turning glass and the side wall corner window glass, 5 paths of control are independent control and do not influence each other, as shown in figure 3, the electric heating function is specifically as follows:
1) the temperature controller has a temperature set point of (25 +/-1) DEG C to (33 +/-1) DEG C, namely, when the temperature of the glass is lower than 25 +/-1 ℃, heating is started, when the temperature is increased to 33 +/-1, heating is stopped, at the moment, the glass is naturally cooled, and when the temperature is reduced to 25 ℃, heating is started again, and the circulation control is not performed;
2) the temperature sensor 11 arranged in the glass interlayer with the electric heating and shielding functions converts signals and sends the converted signals to the temperature controller, and the temperature controller compares the signals with preset temperature to further control the on-off of the glass current with the electric heating and shielding functions and automatically control the temperature of the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions within a certain range;
3) the heating film 7 realizes the electric heating function of the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions through the input current, thereby playing the roles of defrosting and demisting;
4) a power supply indicator lamp and a heating indicator lamp are arranged in the temperature controller, and when the power supply is controlled to be powered on, the power supply indicator lamp (green) is on; when the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions is in a heating state, the heating indicator lamp (red) is turned on, and after the temperature reaches the upper limit, the heating is stopped, and the heating indicator lamp (red) is turned off; when the temperature signal is abnormal, the 'fault' indicator light (yellow) is on, and after the signal is recovered to be normal, the 'fault' indicator light (yellow) is off, and the normal working state is automatically recovered.
The invention is suitable for the cab of a new generation of special automobiles, can be used for a front windshield, a front wall corner window, a door fixed window, a door turnover window and the like of the cab, and can improve the battlefield living environment of personnel and electronic equipment by the windshield glass with integrated electromagnetic pulse resistance and electric heating resistance. The following effects can be achieved:
1) nuclear electromagnetic pulse resistance: the shielding capacity in a high-altitude nuclear explosion electromagnetic pulse environment with the field intensity peak value of 50kv/m, the rising edge of 2.5ns and the half-height width of 23ns (double-exponential wave) is not lower than 20 dB;
2) electric heating capacity: when the ambient temperature is minus 18 +/-3 ℃, removing frost in at least 80% of the area A within 20min, and removing frost in at least 95% of the area B within 40 min; at least 80% of the area of the A and B zones is removed within 10 min.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and general changes and substitutions by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A glass having electrical heating and shielding functions, comprising: the device comprises a conductive copper foil (1), outdoor toughened glass (2), an ITO (indium tin oxide) shielding film (3), a PVB (polyvinyl butyral) intermediate film (4), a bus bar (5), silk-screen silver paste (6), a heating film (7), indoor toughened glass (8), silk-screen black edges (9), outgoing lines (10) and a temperature sensor (11); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the conductive copper foil (1) is wrapped at the outer peripheral end of the outdoor toughened glass (2);
one surface of the outdoor toughened glass (2) is connected with one surface of the PVB intermediate film (4) through the ITO shielding film (3);
the other surface of the PVB intermediate film (4) is connected with one surface of the indoor toughened glass (8) through the heating film (7);
the bus bar (5) and the silk-screen silver paste (6) are arranged in the PVB intermediate film (4), one surface of the silk-screen silver paste (6) is connected with the heating film (7), and the other surface of the silk-screen silver paste (6) is connected with the bus bar (5);
the silk-screen black edge (9) is coated on the periphery of the inner surface of the outdoor toughened glass (2);
one end of the outgoing line (10) is connected with the bus bar (5), and the other end of the outgoing line is connected with a temperature controller;
the temperature sensor (11) is arranged between the ITO shielding film (3) and the PVB intermediate film (4);
the power consumed by the heating film (7) to the room is Pi ═ DeltaT/R1S; the power consumed by the heating film (7) to the outside is: po ═ DeltaT/R2S; wherein, the delta T is the average temperature difference between the heating film (7) and the indoor and outdoor; r1The outdoor side thermal resistance of the heating film (7); r2Is the indoor side thermal resistance of the heating film (7); s is the surface area of the outdoor toughened glass;
the glass consumes Q heat during heating from-18 ℃ to 0 DEG CC＝(d2+d8)·ρg·Cg+d4·ρpCp; wherein d2 is chamberThe thickness of the outer toughened glass (2), d8 is the thickness of the indoor toughened glass (8), rhogThe density of the outdoor tempered glass, Cg is the heat capacity of the outdoor tempered glass, rhopThe density of the PVB intermediate film (4), Cp is the heat capacity of the PVB intermediate film (4), and d4 is the thickness of the PVB intermediate film (4);
the temperature controller transmits current to the bus bar (5) through the outgoing line (10), then the current is transmitted to the silk-screen silver paste (6) through the bus bar (5), the current is transmitted to the heating film (7) after the silk-screen silver paste (6) is conducted, the heating film (7) heats two pieces of glass of indoor toughened glass (8) and outdoor toughened glass (2), the temperature sensor (11) detects the temperature of the electric heating glass, the temperature signal is converted and then is sent into the temperature controller, the on-off of the current of the heating glass is controlled by comparing with a preset temperature point set by the temperature controller, so that the constant temperature control is realized, and the temperature of the glass is automatically controlled to be 25-33 ℃;
the surface of the window frame of the car body is sprayed with a conductive coating, and a conductive copper foil (1) led out from an ITO shielding film (3) is connected with the conductive coating of the window frame of the car body through an additional copper foil, so that the electric continuity between the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions and the window frame of the car body is realized;
a conductive adhesive tape is arranged between the glass with the electric heating and shielding functions and the pressing plate, so that the effects of dust prevention and rain prevention are achieved, and the electric continuity between the window frame of the vehicle body and the glass pressing plate is realized;
the line resistance of the ITO shielding film (3) is not more than 4 omega, the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness is not less than 27.6dB, and the light transmittance is not less than 70%.
2. Glass with electrical heating and shielding function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat capacity of the outdoor toughened glass (2) is 837.4J/kg DEG C, and the density is 2.5kg/m2Mm, thickness 3mm, surface area 1m2。
3. Glass with electrical heating and shielding function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat capacity of the indoor toughened glass (8) is 837.4J/kg DEG C, and the density is 2.5kg/m2Mm, thickness 2mm, surfaceProduct of 1m2。
4. Glass with electrical heating and shielding function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat capacity of the PVB intermediate film (4) is 1287J/kg DEG C, and the density is 1.08kg/m2·mm。
5. Glass with electrical heating and shielding function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the PVB intermediate film (4) is 1.14 mm.
6. Glass with electrical heating and shielding function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thermal resistance of the outdoor side of the heating film (7) is 0.0531 ℃/W.
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