CN109862446B - Multi-mode optical switching module - Google Patents
Multi-mode optical switching module Download PDFInfo
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- CN109862446B CN109862446B CN201910080676.9A CN201910080676A CN109862446B CN 109862446 B CN109862446 B CN 109862446B CN 201910080676 A CN201910080676 A CN 201910080676A CN 109862446 B CN109862446 B CN 109862446B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of silicon-based photoelectron, and particularly relates to a multi-mode optical switching module which comprises a plurality of optical switching units with different wavelengths, wherein the optical switching units are connected in a wavelength routing mode and comprise an input optical waveguide module, an output optical waveguide module, a mode demultiplexing module, a mode multiplexing module and a mode switching module; the input optical waveguide module is used for sending the optical signals to the mode demultiplexing module to obtain a plurality of optical signals in different modes; the mode demultiplexing module is used for respectively sending the optical signals in the different modes to the mode switching module to obtain switched optical signals; the mode switching module is used for sending the switching optical signal to the mode multiplexing module to obtain a multiplexing optical signal; the output optical waveguide module outputs the multiplexed optical signal. The invention realizes non-blocking exchange in the exchange unit and greatly increases the data transmission rate of the optical signal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of silicon-based photoelectron, and particularly relates to a multi-mode optical switching module.
Background
With the improvement of the computing power of high-performance computing systems, the number of processor cores integrated by a single chip is increasing, and the required on-chip switching capability is increasing. First, the switching capabilities on a single switching unit are limited; secondly, increasing the bandwidth on existing electrical switching units, by adding switching chips, is limited in area and power consumption.
On-chip optical interconnects are expected to address existing limitations, and many designs have been proposed for the current 2x2 basic optical switch modules based on microring resonators due to area advantages. However, the basic optical switching module based on the micro-ring resonator mostly adopts the wavelength division multiplexing technology to increase the bandwidth. The bandwidth increase of the basic optical switching module faces bottlenecks when the number of wavelengths that can be transmitted in a single waveguide is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a multimode optical switch module. The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the embodiment of the invention provides a multi-mode switching module, which comprises a plurality of optical switching units with different wavelengths, wherein the two optical switching units are connected in a wavelength routing mode,
the optical switching unit comprises an input optical waveguide module, an output optical waveguide module, a mode demultiplexing module, a mode multiplexing module and a mode switching module;
the input optical waveguide module is used for sending the optical signals to the mode demultiplexing module to obtain a plurality of optical signals in different modes; the mode demultiplexing module is used for respectively sending the optical signals in the different modes to the mode switching module to obtain switched optical signals; the mode switching module is used for sending the switching optical signal to the mode multiplexing module to obtain a multiplexing optical signal; the output optical waveguide module outputs the multiplexed optical signal.
In one embodiment of the invention, the input optical waveguide module comprises a first input optical waveguide and a second input optical waveguide, which respectively transmit optical signals to the mode demultiplexing module.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the input optical waveguide and the output optical waveguide employ a multi-mode optical waveguide structure.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the mode demultiplexing module includes a first mode demultiplexer and a second mode demultiplexer, an input port of the first mode demultiplexer is connected to the first input optical waveguide, and an input port of the second mode demultiplexer is connected to the second input optical waveguide; the output ports of the first mode demultiplexer and the second mode demultiplexer are connected with a mode switching module.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the mode switch module includes a plurality of single mode switch modules, the output terminals of the first mode demultiplexer DE1 are respectively connected to the first input ports of the single mode switch modules corresponding to the output terminals of the first mode demultiplexer, and the second mode demultiplexer is used for demultiplexing the first mode and the second modeA plurality of output terminals of the demultiplexer are respectively connected with the second mode demultiplexer DE2The second input ports of the single-mode switching modules corresponding to the plurality of output ends of the single-mode switching module are connected, and the output ends of the single-mode switching modules are connected with the mode multiplexing module.
In one embodiment of the invention, the single mode switching module comprises a first crossed optical waveguide, a second crossed optical waveguide, a first microring resonator and a second microring resonator;
the first cross optical waveguide is cross-connected with the second cross optical waveguide; the first micro-ring resonator is positioned at the upper right part of the intersection of the first crossed optical waveguide and the second crossed optical waveguide, and the second micro-ring resonator is positioned at the lower left part of the intersection.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the microring radius, the effective refractive index, the set of resonant wavelengths, and the free spectral distance FSR of the first microring resonator and the second microring resonator are all the same.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first and second crossed optical waveguides each employ a single-mode optical waveguide structure; the optical modes supported by the first crossed optical waveguide and the second crossed optical waveguide are consistent, and the first crossed optical waveguide and the second crossed optical waveguide are single-mode micro-ring resonator structures.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the mode multiplexing module includes a first mode multiplexer and a second mode multiplexer, and the first output port of each single mode switching module is correspondingly connected to each input port of the first mode multiplexer; the second output port of each single-mode switching module is correspondingly connected with each input port of the second mode multiplexer; the output ports of the first and second mode multiplexers are connected to the first and second output optical waveguides, respectively.
In one embodiment of the invention, the output optical waveguide module comprises a first output optical waveguide and a second output optical waveguide, which respectively receive the switched optical signal from the mode switching module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts a 2x2 structure based on a mode multiplexing technology, and simultaneously uses a mode demultiplexing module and a mode multiplexing module, so that a plurality of modes can be used for parallel communication (namely mode division multiplexing), and the data rate of optical signals can be increased according to the increase of the modes of the optical signals;
2. the optical switching module of the present invention resonates at a specific wavelength, and based on the 2x2 basic optical switching module of the present invention, the resonance at the wavelength λ can be obtained respectively1、λ2、…、λnTherefore, the switching unit based on the wavelength routing can be built, and the non-blocking switching in the switching unit is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a multimode optical switch module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical switching unit of a multimode optical switching module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an application structure of a multimode optical switch module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a 4x4 optical switching module of a multimode optical switching module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a multimode optical switch module according to an embodiment of the present invention in two modes.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a block diagram of a multi-mode optical switch module according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a plurality of optical switch units with different wavelengths, two of the optical switch units are connected by wavelength routing,
the optical switching unit comprises an input optical waveguide module, an output optical waveguide module, a mode demultiplexing module, a mode multiplexing module and a mode switching module;
the input optical waveguide module is used for sending the optical signals to the mode demultiplexing module to obtain a plurality of optical signals in different modes; the mode demultiplexing module is used for respectively sending the optical signals in the different modes to the mode switching module to obtain switched optical signals; the mode switching module is used for sending the switching optical signal to the mode multiplexing module to obtain a multiplexing optical signal; the output optical waveguide module outputs the multiplexed optical signal.
Specifically, the present invention adopts a mode multiplexing 2 × 2 structure, and uses a mode demultiplexing module and a mode multiplexing module at the same time, so that a plurality of modes can be used for parallel communication (i.e. mode division multiplexing), so that the data rate of the optical signal can be increased according to the increase of the optical signal mode;
specifically, the optical switch module of the present invention resonates at a specific wavelength, and based on the 2 × 2 basic optical switch module of the present invention, resonance at a wavelength λ can be obtained, respectively1、λ2、…、λnTherefore, the switching unit based on the wavelength routing can be built, and the non-blocking switching in the switching unit is realized.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the input optical waveguide module includes a first input optical waveguide I1 and a second input optical waveguide I2, the first input optical waveguide I1 and the second input optical waveguide I2 respectively transmit optical signals to the mode demultiplexing module.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the input optical waveguide and the output optical waveguide employ a multi-mode optical waveguide structure.
In one embodiment of the invention, the mode demultiplexing module comprises a first mode demultiplexer DE1And a second mode demultiplexer DE2The first mode demultiplexer DE1Is connected to a first input optical waveguide I1, the second mode demultiplexer DE2Is connected to a second input optical waveguide I1; the first mode demultiplexer DE1DE and second mode demultiplexer2Is connected to the mode switching module.
In one embodiment of the invention, the mode switching module comprises a plurality of modulesSingle mode switching module, said first mode demultiplexer DE1Respectively with said first mode demultiplexer DE1The first input ports of the single mode switching modules corresponding to the plurality of output ports of the first demultiplexer DE are connected to the first input port of the single mode switching module, and the second mode demultiplexer DE2Respectively with said second mode demultiplexer DE2The second input ports of the single-mode switching modules at the plurality of output ends are connected, and the output ends of the single-mode switching modules are connected with the mode multiplexing module.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical switching unit of a multimode optical switching module according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an application of a multimode optical switching module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and each 2 × 2 basic optical switching module includes m single-mode switching modules (i.e., S modules) based on a wavelength λ i0，S1，…，Sm-1). The two multimode input waveguides and the two multimode output waveguides support the simultaneous transmission of M optical modes, and the supported modes are M0、M1、…、Mm-1Supported wavelengths are respectively lambda1、λ2、…、λn. Each mode demultiplexer has an input port and M output ports, the input port of the mode demultiplexer supports M optical modes, the optical modes supported by each output port of the mode demultiplexer correspond to the M optical modes one by one, and simultaneously each mode demultiplexer supports n mixed wavelengths for transmission, and the supported modes are M modes respectively0、M1、…、Mm-1Supported wavelengths are respectively lambda1、λ2、…、λn(ii) a Each mode multiplexer has M input ports and an output port, the optical modes supported by each input port of the mode multiplexer correspond to the M optical modes one by one, the output ports of the mode multiplexer support the M optical modes, and simultaneously each mode multiplexer also supports n mixed wavelengths for transmission, and the supported modes are respectively M0、M1、…、Mm-1Supported wavelengths are respectively lambda1、λ2、…、λn(ii) a Each timeEach single mode switching module has two input ports and two output ports, the optical modes supported by each single mode switching module correspond to m optical modes one by one, and each single mode switching module is used for wavelength lambdaiResonance, realizing coupling turning of wavelength, and the supported modes respectively correspond to M0、M1、…、Mm-1。
In one embodiment of the invention, the single mode switching module comprises a first crossed optical waveguide, a second crossed optical waveguide, a first microring resonator and a second microring resonator;
the first cross optical waveguide is cross-connected with the second cross optical waveguide; the first micro-ring resonator is positioned at the upper right part of the intersection of the first crossed optical waveguide and the second crossed optical waveguide, and the second micro-ring resonator is positioned at the lower left part of the intersection.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the microring radius, the effective refractive index, the set of resonant wavelengths, and the free spectral distance FSR of the first microring resonator and the second microring resonator are all the same.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first and second crossed optical waveguides each employ a single-mode optical waveguide structure; the optical modes supported by the first crossed optical waveguide and the second crossed optical waveguide are consistent, and the first crossed optical waveguide and the second crossed optical waveguide are single-mode micro-ring resonator structures.
In one embodiment of the invention, the mode multiplexing module comprises a first mode multiplexer X1And a second mode multiplexer X2The first output port of each single mode switch module is connected to the first mode multiplexer X1Each input port of the first and second input ports is correspondingly connected; the second output port of each single-mode switching module is respectively connected with the second mode multiplexer X2Each input port of the first and second input ports is correspondingly connected; first mode multiplexer X1And a second mode multiplexer X2Are connected to the first output optical waveguide O1 and the second output optical waveguide O2, respectively.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the output optical waveguide module includes a first output optical waveguide O1 and a second output optical waveguide O2, the first output optical waveguide O1 and the second output optical waveguide O2 respectively receive the switched optical signal from the mode switching module.
Specifically, the single-mode switching module in the optical switching module is a passive component, which does not need tuning and can realize non-blocking switching.
Specifically, in the optical switching module, the single-mode switching module is a passive component, tuning is not required, non-blocking switching can be realized, and the bandwidth of the optical switching unit is increased, that is, the data rate of a single port is increased, so as to meet the requirement of a single-link bandwidth in the existing optical switching unit.
Specifically, the number of optical modes supported by the input optical waveguide and the output optical waveguide is consistent with the number of optical wavelengths.
Specifically, please refer to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a 4x4 optical switch module of a multimode optical switch module according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the wavelength routing switch module of 4x4 is taken as an example in the present embodiment, and the present embodiment includes six optical switch units, a first optical switch unit, a second optical switch unit, a third optical switch unit, a fourth optical switch unit, a fifth optical switch unit, and a sixth optical switch unit, which are interconnected through a λ -router connection manner (in other embodiments, Matrix, Snake, GWOR and the like based on wavelength routing may be used for connection).
The first and second Input optical waveguides M1_ I1 and M1_ I2 of the first optical switching unit are the first and second Input ports Input1 and Input2, respectively, and the first and second Input optical waveguides M2_ I1 and M2_ I2 of the second optical switching unit are the third and fourth Input ports Input3 and Input4, respectively.
The first output optical waveguide M1_ O1 of the first optical switching unit is connected with the first input optical waveguide M4_ I1 of the fourth optical switching unit; the second output optical waveguide M1_ O2 of the first optical switching unit is connected with the first input optical waveguide M3_ I1 of the third optical switching unit; the first output optical waveguide M2_ O1 of the second optical switching unit is connected with the second input optical waveguide M3_ I2 of the third optical switching unit; the second output optical waveguide M2_ O2 of the second optical switching unit is connected with the second input optical waveguide M5_ I2 of the fifth optical switching unit; the first output optical waveguide M3_ O1 of the third optical switching unit is connected with the second input optical waveguide M4_ I2 of the fourth optical switching unit; the second output optical waveguide M3_ O2 of the third optical switching unit is connected with the first input optical waveguide M5_ I1 of the fifth optical switching unit; the second output optical waveguide M4_ O2 of the fourth optical switching unit is connected with the first input optical waveguide M6_ I1 of the sixth optical switching unit; the first output optical waveguide M5_ O1 of the fifth optical switching unit is connected with the second input optical waveguide M6_ I2 of the sixth optical switching unit; the first Output optical waveguide M4_ O1 of the fourth optical switching unit, the first Output optical waveguide M6_ O1 of the sixth optical switching unit, the second Output optical waveguide M6_ O2 of the sixth optical switching unit, and the second Output optical waveguide M5_ O2 of the fifth optical switching unit are a first Output port Output1, a second Output port Output2, a third Output port Output3, and a fourth Output port Output4, respectively.
Specifically, referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a multimode optical switch module in two modes according to an embodiment of the present invention, where a mode multiplexing value m is set to be 2, so as to form a 4 × 4 basic optical switch module based on wavelength and mode multiplexing. Setting the data rate f of single wavelength to be 40Gbps and the two multiplexing modes to be M respectively1And M2. The transmission and switching of optical signals is performed using 4 wavelengths and 2 modes with a basic optical switching module. The data rate of the single-port unidirectional optical signal is calculated to be F-F-m-F-x 2-40 Gbps-x 2-80 Gbps, and compared with the existing basic optical switching module, the data rate is only the single-port rate of a single wavelength, and is doubled. While the data rate of optical signals increases with the number of mode multiplexes, single link bandwidth requirements at the level of hundreds of Gbps in the interconnection network can be achieved.
In particular, multimode optical switching modules of different wavelengths may be based on different single mode switching module structures, respectively, which are different from each other and which are not mutually distant by the wavelength of FSR.
In particular, the number of elliptical micro-ring resonators inside the mode demultiplexer and the mode multiplexer increases as the multiplexing mode of the multi-mode switching module increases.
Specifically, based on multimode optical switching modules with different wavelengths, an optical switching system based on wavelength routing can be constructed, and passive and non-blocking optical signal switching is realized.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "lower left portion", "upper right portion", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multimode optical switching module is characterized by comprising a plurality of optical switching units with different wavelengths, wherein the optical switching units are connected in a wavelength routing mode, and the plurality of different wavelengths do not comprise wavelengths with the mutual distance of FSR;
the optical switching unit comprises an input optical waveguide module, an output optical waveguide module, a mode demultiplexing module, a mode multiplexing module and a mode switching module; the mode switching module comprises a plurality of single mode switching modules, and each single mode switching module is used for wavelength lambdaiResonating;
the input optical waveguide module is used for sending the optical signals to the mode demultiplexing module to obtain a plurality of optical signals in different modes; the mode demultiplexing module is used for respectively sending the optical signals in the different modes to the mode switching module to obtain switched optical signals; the mode switching module is used for sending the switching optical signal to the mode multiplexing module to obtain a multiplexing optical signal; the output optical waveguide module outputs the multiplexed optical signal.
2. A multimode optical switching module according to claim 1, characterized in that said input optical waveguide module comprises a first input optical waveguide (I1) and a second input optical waveguide (I2), said first input optical waveguide (I1) and second input optical waveguide (I2) being respectively adapted to transmit optical signals to said mode demultiplexing module.
3. A multimode optical switching module as in claim 2, wherein said input optical waveguide and said output optical waveguide employ a multimode optical waveguide structure.
4. A multimode optical switch module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said mode demultiplexing module comprises a first mode Demultiplexer (DE)1) And a second mode Demultiplexer (DE)2) Said first mode Demultiplexer (DE)1) Is connected to a first input optical waveguide (I1), and the second mode Demultiplexer (DE)2) Is connected to a second input optical waveguide (I1); said first mode Demultiplexer (DE)1) And a second mode Demultiplexer (DE)2) Is connected to the mode switching module.
5. A multimode optical switch module as in claim 4, wherein said mode switch module comprises a plurality of single mode switch modules, said first mode demultiplexer DE1Respectively with said first mode Demultiplexer (DE)1) The first input ports of the single mode switching modules corresponding to the plurality of output ports of the first demultiplexer DE are connected to the first input port of the single mode switching module, and the second mode demultiplexer DE2Respectively with said second mode Demultiplexer (DE)2) The second input ports of the single-mode switching modules corresponding to the plurality of output ends of the single-mode switching module are connected, and the output ends of the single-mode switching modules are connected with the mode multiplexing module.
6. A multimode optical switching module as in claim 5, wherein said single mode switching module comprises a first crossed optical waveguide, a second crossed optical waveguide, a first microring resonator, and a second microring resonator;
the first cross optical waveguide is cross-connected with the second cross optical waveguide; the first micro-ring resonator is positioned at the upper right part of the intersection of the first crossed optical waveguide and the second crossed optical waveguide, and the second micro-ring resonator is positioned at the lower left part of the intersection.
7. A multi-mode optical switch module as claimed in claim 6, wherein said first microring resonator and said second microring resonator have the same microring radius, effective refractive index, set of resonant wavelengths and free spectral distance FSR.
8. A multimode optical switching module as in claim 6 wherein said first and second crossed optical waveguides are single mode optical waveguide structures; the optical modes supported by the first crossed optical waveguide and the second crossed optical waveguide are consistent, and the first crossed optical waveguide and the second crossed optical waveguide are single-mode micro-ring resonator structures.
9. A multimode optical switch module according to claim 5, characterized in that said mode multiplexing module comprises a first mode multiplexer (X)1) And a second mode multiplexer (X)2) The first output port of each single mode switching module is connected to a first mode multiplexer (X)1) Each input port of the first and second input ports is correspondingly connected; the second output port of each single mode switching module is connected to a second mode multiplexer (X)2) Each input port of the first and second input ports is correspondingly connected; first mode multiplexer (X)1) And a second mode multiplexer (X)2) Are connected to the first output optical waveguide (O1) and the second output optical waveguide (O2), respectively.
10. A multimode optical switching module as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said output optical waveguide module comprises a first output optical waveguide (O1) and a second output optical waveguide (O2), said first output optical waveguide (O1) and second output optical waveguide (O2) outputting respectively multiplexed optical signals coming from the mode multiplexing module.
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