CN109861762B - Cross-medium covert communication system and method based on sound-light - Google Patents

Cross-medium covert communication system and method based on sound-light Download PDF

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CN109861762B
CN109861762B CN201910173137.XA CN201910173137A CN109861762B CN 109861762 B CN109861762 B CN 109861762B CN 201910173137 A CN201910173137 A CN 201910173137A CN 109861762 B CN109861762 B CN 109861762B
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water
optical
waves
light waves
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CN109861762A (en
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王燕
方尔正
桂晨阳
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Harbin Engineering University
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Harbin Engineering University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a sound-light based cross-medium covert communication system and a method, wherein the communication method comprises the steps that a controller encodes a communication signal; the transducer array transmits the sound wave carrying the communication signal to the water-air surface so as to excite the water-air surface to generate ripple change; the optical emitter emits a beam of light waves to the optical lens, and the optical lens expands and irradiates the light waves to the water-air surface excitation area; the optical acoustic lens array receives the emitted light waves emitted back through the water-air surface excitation area; the processor analyzes the statistical properties of the emitted light waves to obtain communication information. The communication method is divided into two parts aiming at the characteristics of different media of sound waves and light waves, the sound wave communication is adopted in water to excite the water surface, the water surface communication information is collected in the air through the light waves, node communication equipment such as buoys or wireless transmission and the like are not needed on the water surface, the cost is saved, and the concealment, the safety and the randomness of the communication are improved.

Description

Cross-medium covert communication system and method based on sound-light
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a sound-light based cross-medium covert communication system and method.
Background
The propagation of the sound wave in water has the advantages of small loss, long propagation distance and the like, is an energy form with the best propagation performance in water so far, and is also a main means for detecting and communicating underwater targets at present. However, since the propagation of the sound wave in the sea water is greatly influenced by temperature, salinity, depth and the like, and the sound wave has a large reflection loss when passing through the air-water interface, the underwater communication of the sound wave has a large uncertainty. Moreover, due to the limitation of the air-water interface, the communication between the underwater target and the platform in the air requires the probe in the air platform to be inserted into the water, i.e. the underwater probe is used for detection, and this method undoubtedly limits the flexibility of the whole communication system.
The traditional cross-medium communication method is roughly based on underwater buoy nodes and is divided into an underwater integration part and an overwater communication part. The underwater part is communicated through the acoustic transducer, mostly depends on sound wave horizontal transmission, the underwater part is transmitted to the terminal through radio, and the two parts need to be communicated through a longer transmission wire in water. On one hand, due to the complexity of the marine environment, sound waves cannot be completely transmitted horizontally due to the change of sound rays in the sea, according to ray acoustics, part of the sound waves are reflected by the sea surface at the sea bottom, the transmission distance of the sound waves is limited due to serious propagation loss, the existing underwater communication distance of 10 kilometers is difficult to reach, and meanwhile, the error rate of the underwater communication is greatly increased by introducing reverberation. On the other hand, when the method is used in a wide sea area, a large number of buoy nodes need to be distributed in a long horizontal distance to guarantee normal communication, and need to work in water independently, and have long-time cruising ability.
Light waves have the characteristics of high brightness, short pulse, high collimation and the like, can be well transmitted in air, and have poor penetrating power in water, very large transmission attenuation and very limited transmission distance compared with the air, so that the requirements of underwater target detection cannot be met. Therefore, the underwater target cannot be directly detected by simply using the laser. If the laser detection in the air and the sound wave detection in the water are combined, two physical fields are effectively combined, and a new underwater communication path is opened up.
The invention Chinese patent CN107231181A discloses a cross-medium communication air-sea cooperative monitoring system and a use method thereof, wherein the monitoring system comprises an underwater monitoring device, a water surface monitoring device and a buoy relay device, the underwater monitoring device is an autonomous submersible vehicle and is used for underwater monitoring, the water surface monitoring device is used for water surface monitoring, the buoy relay device is respectively in communication connection with the underwater monitoring device and the water surface monitoring device, and the underwater monitoring device and the water surface monitoring device cooperatively work through monitoring information exchange.
Chinese invention patent CN104618032A discloses an electromagnetic wave transmission system and method across sea water-air interface, the system includes one or more underwater acoustic-electromagnetic wave submerged beacons and a monitoring platform, the underwater acoustic-electromagnetic wave submerged beacons convert underwater acoustic signals of underwater devices received by an underwater acoustic sensor into electromagnetic signals, and the electromagnetic signals are transmitted to the monitoring platform through a side wave propagation path of electromagnetic waves in cut-off with small conductivity to be received.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a sound-light-based cross-medium covert communication system and method.
In a first aspect, the invention discloses an acousto-optic based cross-medium covert communication system, acoustic communication equipment and optical communication equipment, wherein the acoustic communication equipment is located underwater and used for exciting a water-air surface by adopting an acoustic wave signal, and the optical communication equipment is located in the air and used for collecting water-air surface communication information by light waves;
the acoustic communication apparatus includes:
a controller for encoding a communication signal;
at least one transducer array electrically connected with the controller and used for sending sound waves carrying the communication signals to the water surface under the control of the controller so as to excite the water surface to generate ripple change;
the optical communication apparatus includes:
the optical emitter is used for emitting a beam of light waves to the water-air surface excitation area;
an array of optical acoustic lenses for receiving the reflected light waves.
Preferably, the acoustic communication device is provided on an underwater machine and the optical communication device is provided on an airborne vehicle or a geostationary orbit satellite.
Preferably, the optical communication apparatus further comprises:
an optical lens for spreading and irradiating the light waves to a water surface excitation area;
a statistical analyzer, communicatively coupled to the array of optical acoustic lenses, for analyzing statistical characteristics of the reflected light waves;
and the processor is respectively in communication connection with the optical emitter and the statistical analyzer and is used for controlling the optical emitter to emit the light waves and analyzing the statistical characteristics of the reflected light waves transmitted by the statistical analyzer to obtain communication information.
In a second aspect, the invention discloses an acousto-optic based cross-medium covert communication method, which comprises the following steps:
the controller encodes the communication signal;
at least one transducer array transmits sound waves carrying the communication signals to the water-air surface so as to excite the water-air surface to generate ripple change;
the optical emitter emits a beam of light waves to the optical lens, and the optical lens expands and irradiates the light waves to the water-air surface excitation area;
the optical acoustic lens array receives the emitted light waves emitted back through the water-air surface excitation area;
the processor analyzes the statistical properties of the emitted light waves to obtain communication information.
Preferably, the at least one transducer array transmits the sound wave carrying the communication signal to the water surface by a single sound source communication method, specifically including:
the controller controls the transducer array to send out a single sound source signal;
the single sound source signal carries sound waves of communication information to the water surface.
Preferably, the at least one transducer array transmits the sound wave carrying the communication signal to a water-air surface by an underwater parametric array communication method, specifically including:
the at least one transducer array emits two columns of intersecting acoustic waves;
the intersected sound waves generate a nonlinear effect in water and then form a narrow beam sound field;
the narrow beam sound field excites the water surface to change in ripple so as to transmit communication information to the water surface.
Preferably, the at least one transducer array transmits the sound wave carrying the communication signal to the water surface by an interferometric communication method, specifically including:
the at least one transducer array emits two columns of intersecting acoustic waves;
the two lines of intersecting sound waves form an interference sound field in water;
the interference sound field excites the water-air surface to form Newton's ring ripples so as to transmit communication information to the water-air surface.
Preferably, the processor analyzes the statistical characteristic analysis of the emitted light wave by the phase interferometry to obtain the communication information, and specifically includes:
the processor detects the time delay change of the reflected light wave;
the processor analyzes the communication information through the interference change of the reflected light wave and the reference light wave.
Preferably, the processor analyzes the statistical characteristic analysis of the emitted light waves by a doppler method to obtain the communication information, and specifically includes:
the processor reduces the vibration speed of each discrete point in the water-air surface excitation area through the Doppler effect of reflected sound waves;
the processor analyzes the communication information according to the vibration velocity of each discrete point in the excitation surface.
Preferably, the processor analyzes the statistical characteristic analysis of the emitted light waves by a light flux method to obtain the communication information, and specifically includes:
the processor analyzes the statistical information of the light wave flux according to the received reflected light wave flux to form different communication patterns;
the processor decodes the different communication patterns to obtain communication information.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) in the invention, the optical communication equipment is used for detecting the ripple change of the underwater communication sound wave excitation water surface to obtain the communication information, a large number of nodes do not need to be arranged underwater, and the resource consumption of the underwater equipment and the environmental pollution caused by the abandoned underwater equipment are reduced.
2) In the invention, the underwater machine can carry the transducer array to transmit communication information at any navigation position in a deeper sea area, and node communication equipment such as a buoy or wireless transmission equipment is not needed for communication retransmission on the water surface, so that the underwater machine is prevented from being discovered indirectly due to exposure and leakage of the equipment on the water surface, and the concealment, safety and randomness of communication are improved.
3) In the invention, communication is carried out by transmitting communication sound waves to the water surface underwater, and a vertical water surface communication mode is adopted, so that a large amount of propagation loss caused by traditional horizontal direction remote propagation is avoided, the transmission loss of underwater communication is less, and the communication stability and the underwater safety are improved.
4) In the invention, the optical communication equipment is used for obtaining communication information, the statistical characteristic of the reflected light waves is detected through the optical acoustic lens array, and the communication information transmitted to the sea surface is obtained, so that the fault tolerance rate in the communication process is improved, and the communication information can be stably transmitted under complex sea conditions.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an acousto-optic based cross-media covert communication system provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an application scenario of an acousto-optic based cross-media covert communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an acousto-optic based cross-media covert communication method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of Newtonian ring ripples formed by a water-air surface according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of transmission of sound waves emitted by an acoustic communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not to be taken in a limiting sense. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures. Before discussing exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be noted that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although a flowchart may describe the operations (or steps) as a sequential process, many of the operations can be performed in parallel, concurrently or simultaneously. The process may be terminated when the operation is completed, but may have additional steps not included in the figure.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an acousto-optic based cross-medium covert communication system provided for an embodiment of the invention comprises an acoustic communication device arranged underwater and an optical communication device 1 arranged in the air, wherein the acoustic communication device is arranged on an underwater machine 5, is an underwater part and is used for exciting a water surface 7 by using a sound wave signal, and the optical communication device is arranged on an aerial vehicle or a geostationary orbit satellite, is an above-water part and is used for collecting water surface communication information through a light wave 2. The underwater machine 5 may be an underwater robot, an underwater unmanned aerial vehicle, an underwater detector, a submarine or other machine capable of freely moving underwater. The aerial vehicle can be an aerial unmanned aerial vehicle, an airplane, a helicopter, and the like.
The acoustic communication device includes a controller and at least one transducer array, the controller is used for encoding communication signals, and the controller may be a central processing unit, a system chip, a microcontroller, or the like. In this embodiment, the acoustic communication device includes two transducer arrays, transducer array 4 and transducer array 6. The transducer array 4 and the transducer array 6 are respectively connected with the controller in a communication mode and used for sending sound waves carrying the communication signals to the water surface 7 under the control of the controller so as to excite the water surface 7 to generate ripple change, even if the water surface 7 forms excitation ripples 3. It can be seen from fig. 2 that communication is performed by transmitting communication sound waves to the water-air surface underwater, and a vertical water surface communication mode is adopted, so that a large amount of propagation loss caused by traditional horizontal remote propagation is avoided, transmission loss of underwater communication is low, and communication stability and underwater safety are improved. And the underwater machine 5 can carry the transducer array to transmit communication information at any navigation position in a deeper sea area, and node communication equipment such as buoys or wireless transmission equipment is not needed for communication retransmission on the water surface, so that the resource consumption of the underwater equipment and the pollution of waste underwater equipment to the environment are reduced, the exposure of the water surface equipment is avoided, the underwater machine is indirectly discovered, and the concealment, the safety and the randomness of communication are improved.
The optical communication device 1 comprises an optical transmitter, which in this embodiment is a frequency modulated light source, an optical acoustic lens array and a statistical analyzer and a processor. The processor is respectively in communication connection with the optical emitter and the statistical analyzer, and the processor controls the optical emitter to emit a beam of light wave 2 to the water-air surface excitation area. The optical acoustic lens array is configured to receive the reflected light waves emitted back through the water air surface 7, and the statistical analyzer is communicatively connected to the optical acoustic lens array and configured to analyze statistical characteristics of the emitted light waves. In this embodiment, the processor is communicatively connected to the statistical analyzer, the processor may perform analysis according to the statistical characteristics of the reflected light waves transmitted by the statistical analyzer to obtain the communication information, and the processor may be a processing terminal, a computer, or a processing element or device with data processing capability.
As shown in FIG. 3, the present invention also discloses a cross-medium covert communication method based on acousto-optic, which mainly comprises two parts: the underwater sound wave communication is constructed by using the acoustic communication equipment, and the air light wave communication is constructed by using the optical communication equipment.
Specifically, the method for constructing underwater sound wave communication by using the acoustic communication equipment specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, the controller encodes the communication signal;
s2, at least one transducer array transmits the sound wave carrying the communication signal to the water-air surface 7 so as to excite the water-air surface 7 to generate ripple change;
in the present embodiment, the transducer array 4 and the transducer array 6 are carried by the underwater vehicle 5, so that the transducer array can transmit sound wave signals at any position, and the transducer array can transmit communication information to the water surface 7 through sound waves by a single sound source communication method, an underwater parametric communication method or an interference communication method. The single sound source communication method specifically comprises the following steps: the controller controls the transducer array to send out a single sound source signal; the single source signal carries the sound waves of the communication information to the water surface 7. The underwater parametric array communication method specifically comprises the following steps: the transducer array 4 and the transducer array 6 emit two columns of intersecting sound waves; the intersected sound waves generate a nonlinear effect in water and then form a narrow beam sound field; the narrow beam sound field excites the water surface 7 to change in wave shape so as to transmit communication information to the water surface 7. The interference communication method specifically comprises the following steps: the transducer array 4 and the transducer array 6 emit two columns of intersecting sound waves; the two lines of intersecting sound waves form an interference sound field in water; the interference sound field excites the water-air surface 7 to form Newton's ring ripples so as to transmit communication information to the water-air surface 7, and the Newton's ring ripples formed by the water-air surface 7 can be seen in figure 4. Acoustic communication equipment is used for transmitting sound waves carrying communication information to the water-air surface 7, then the water-air surface 7 is excited to generate ripple change, then the optical communication equipment is used for constructing air light wave communication, and the communication information is analyzed according to the ripple change.
Specifically, the method for constructing the air light wave communication by using the optical communication device specifically comprises the following steps:
s3, the optical emitter emits a light wave to the optical lens, and the optical lens expands and irradiates the light wave to the water-air surface excitation area;
s4, the optical acoustic lens array receives the emitted light wave emitted back through the water-air surface excitation area;
the processor analyzes the statistical properties of the emitted light waves to obtain communication information S5.
Wherein, the processor can obtain the communication information by a phase interference method, a Doppler method or an optical flux method.
Specifically, the phase interference method includes: the underwater sound wave reaches the water-air surface 7 to excite the water-air surface 7 to generate ripple change, the optical emitter emits a beam of light wave to the water-air surface excitation area, the processor detects the time delay change of the reflected light wave reflected by the excitation area and received by the optical acoustic lens, and finally the communication information is analyzed through the interference change of the reflected light wave and the reference light wave.
The Doppler method includes: the underwater sound waves reach the water-air surface 7 to excite the water-air surface 7 to generate ripple change, each particle generates vibration with different amplitudes, the optical emitter emits a beam of light waves to the water-air surface excitation area, the processor restores the vibration speed of each discrete point in the excitation area through the Doppler effect of reflected light waves, and finally, the communication information is analyzed according to the vibration speed of each discrete point in the excitation area.
The luminous flux method includes: the underwater sound wave reaches the water-air surface to excite the water-air surface to generate ripple change, as shown in fig. 5, the optical emitter emits a beam of light wave to the water-air surface excitation area at a position of a distance d from the x point to the water surface, the incident angle of the light wave is theta, the radius of the covering surface is r, the water-air surface with fluctuation reflects the reflected sound wave to different directions, so that the radius of the reflected light is enlarged by delta r, the optical acoustic lens receives the flux of the reflected light wave and analyzes the statistical information of the flux to form different communication patterns, and the processor decodes the different communication patterns to obtain the communication information.
According to the invention, the statistical characteristics of the reflected light waves are detected through the optical acoustic lens array, so that the communication information transmitted to the sea surface is obtained, the fault tolerance rate in the communication process is improved, and the communication information can be stably transmitted under complex sea conditions.
It should be understood that the above-described flows may be used independently of each other, or may be used in various combinations. All possible combinations and sub-combinations are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. In addition, certain methods or operations may be deleted in some embodiments. The methods and processes described herein are not limited to any particular sequence, and the operations or states associated therewith may occur in other sequences as appropriate. The described operations or states may be performed in an order different than that specifically disclosed, or multiple operations or states may be combined into a single operation or state. Also, operations may be added to or deleted from the disclosed example embodiments.
Although the subject summary has been described with reference to specific exemplary embodiments, various modifications and changes may be made to the embodiments without departing from the broader scope of the embodiments of the invention. Specific embodiments of the invention may be referred to, individually or collectively, by the term "invention" merely for convenience and without intending to voluntarily limit the scope of this invention to a single invention or concept if more than one is in fact disclosed.
The embodiments illustrated herein provide sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the teachings disclosed. Other embodiments may be derived from the illustrated embodiments of the invention, and logical substitutions and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. The detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of various embodiments is defined only by the appended claims, along with the full range of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.

Claims (10)

1. An acousto-optic based cross-medium covert communication system is characterized by comprising an acoustic communication device and an optical communication device (1), wherein the acoustic communication device is located under water and used for exciting a water-air surface (7) by adopting an acoustic wave signal, and the optical communication device is located in the air and used for collecting water-air surface communication information through a light wave (2);
the acoustic communication apparatus includes:
a controller for encoding a communication signal;
at least one transducer array, which is in communication connection with the controller, and is used for sending sound waves carrying communication signals to the water-air surface (7) under the control of the controller so as to excite the water-air surface (7) to generate ripple change, wherein the acoustic communication equipment is arranged on an underwater machine (5), the underwater machine (5) can carry the transducer array to transmit communication information at any navigation position in the deep sea area, and the underwater machine (5) is an underwater robot, an underwater unmanned aerial vehicle, an underwater detector or a submarine;
the optical communication apparatus includes:
an optical emitter for emitting a beam of light waves (2) to a water-gas surface excitation area;
the optical acoustic lens array is used for receiving the reflected light waves emitted back through the water-air surface, detecting the statistical characteristics of the reflected light waves and acquiring communication information transmitted to the sea surface so as to improve the fault tolerance rate in the communication process;
and the optical lens is used for spreading and irradiating the light waves to the water surface excitation area.
2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical communication device (1) is arranged on an airborne vehicle or a geostationary satellite.
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein said optical communication device (1) further comprises:
a statistical analyzer, communicatively coupled to the array of optical acoustic lenses, for analyzing statistical characteristics of the reflected light waves;
and the processor is respectively in communication connection with the optical emitter and the statistical analyzer and is used for controlling the optical emitter to emit the light waves and analyzing the statistical characteristics of the reflected light waves transmitted by the statistical analyzer to obtain communication information.
4. An acousto-optic based cross-medium covert communication method employing the communication system of any one of claims 1-3, comprising the steps of:
the controller encodes the communication signal;
at least one transducer array transmits the sound wave carrying the communication signal to the water-air surface (7) so as to excite the water-air surface (7) to generate ripple change;
the optical emitter emits a beam of light waves to the optical lens, and the optical lens expands and irradiates the light waves to the water-air surface excitation area;
the optical acoustic lens array receives the emitted light waves emitted back through the water-air surface excitation area;
the processor analyzes the statistical properties of the emitted light waves to obtain communication information.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein said at least one transducer array transmits sound waves carrying said communication signals to the surface of the water via single-source communication, comprising:
the controller controls the transducer array to send out a single sound source signal;
the single sound source signal carries sound waves of communication information to the water surface (7).
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the at least one transducer array transmits the acoustic waves carrying the communication signals to the surface of the body of water by an underwater parametric array communication method, in particular comprising:
the at least one transducer array emits two columns of intersecting acoustic waves;
the intersected sound waves generate a nonlinear effect in water and then form a narrow beam sound field;
the narrow-beam sound field excites the water-air surface (7) to change ripples so as to transmit communication information to the water-air surface (7).
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the at least one transducer array transmits the acoustic waves carrying the communication signals to the surface of the water by interferometric communication, comprising:
the at least one transducer array emits two columns of intersecting acoustic waves;
the two lines of intersecting sound waves form an interference sound field in water;
the interference sound field excites the water-air surface (7) to form Newton's ring ripples so as to transmit communication information to the water-air surface (7).
8. The method of claim 4, wherein the processor analyzes statistical properties of the transmitted light waves by phase interferometry to obtain the communication information, comprising:
the processor detects the time delay change of the reflected light wave;
the processor analyzes the communication information through the interference change of the reflected light wave and the reference light wave.
9. The method of claim 4, wherein the processor analyzes the statistical properties of the transmitted light waves by doppler to obtain the communication information, comprising:
the processor reduces the vibration speed of each discrete point in the water-air surface excitation area through the Doppler effect of reflected sound waves;
the processor analyzes the communication information according to the vibration velocity of each discrete point in the water-air surface excitation area.
10. The method of claim 4, wherein the processor analyzes the statistical properties of the emitted light waves by optical flux methods to obtain the communication information, including:
the processor analyzes the statistical information of the light wave flux according to the received reflected light wave flux to form different communication patterns;
the processor decodes the different communication patterns to obtain communication information.
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