CN109860524A - A kind of method of solid asphalt low temperature cladding preparation negative electrode material - Google Patents

A kind of method of solid asphalt low temperature cladding preparation negative electrode material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109860524A
CN109860524A CN201711242456.9A CN201711242456A CN109860524A CN 109860524 A CN109860524 A CN 109860524A CN 201711242456 A CN201711242456 A CN 201711242456A CN 109860524 A CN109860524 A CN 109860524A
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negative electrode
electrode material
coke
powder
time
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彭友山
张秀云
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Baowu Carbon Material Technology Co Ltd
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Baowu Carbon Material Technology Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of methods that solid asphalt low temperature coats preparation negative electrode material, comprising: with one of needle coke, pitch coke coke powder for raw material;It crushes: being crushed needle coke with airslide disintegrating mill, D50 is at 8~18 μm;Graphitization: 2800~3000 DEG C of graphitization temperature;Cladding: graphous graphite powder and high softening point bitumen powder are added in coating reaction kettle and mix cladding;High softening point bitumen additional amount 3%~15wt%, needle-shaped 85%~97wt% of coke powder;Temperature of plate: 270~300 DEG C, 1~2h of time is coated;The mixture coated is carbonized into 1-3h under 700-1000 DEG C of temperature, nitrogen atmosphere, is sieved after being cooled to room temperature, prepares high performance lithium ion battery negative material.Negative electrode material prepared by the present invention takes off lithium capacity for the first time, and coulombic efficiency is more than 350mAh/g for the first time, and coulombic efficiency is up to 92% or more for the first time, superior performance.Therefore, the negative electrode material simple process prepared with this method, production cost is low and has high-performance.

Description

A kind of method of solid asphalt low temperature cladding preparation negative electrode material
Technical field
The present invention relates to cell negative electrode material manufacturing fields, and in particular to a kind of side that negative electrode material is prepared using coke powder Method.
Background technique
As power battery is to the capacity of negative electrode material, cyclicity and forthright requirement continuous improvement again, natural graphite is compared Negative electrode material, artificial plumbago negative pole material have more excellent performance, and artificial plumbago negative pole material has become power battery cathode The mainstream of material.Currently, being used to prepare the raw material of artificial graphite Li-like ions cell negative electrode material mainly has: needle coke, petroleum Burnt, pitch coke.Because graphite is poor with solvent compatibility, high rate during charging-discharging is bad, because of solvent molecule when first charge-discharge Insertion keeps graphite linings easily peeling-off altogether, so as to cause battery cycle life reduction.Therefore it needs to carry out graphite material surface Modification, the specific surface area by suitably reducing graphite reduce because the irreversible capacity caused by forming excessive SEI film damages Lose and solvent molecule total insertion and cause graphite linings to be removed;And by modifying graphite surface, make its superficiality Matter is uniform, avoids Topically active is excessively high solvent is caused acutely to decompose caused irreversible loss.Surface treatment method mainly has Coating modification, doping vario-property, gas phase fluorination, plasma treatment, sour processing, mechanical lapping, reduction etc..
Currently, common surface modifying method is mainly coating modification in industrialized production.It is " a kind of to prepare in patent document In the method and lithium battery cathode plate of lithium cell cathode material ", first by after crushing and classification needle coke powder and pitch powder into Row mixing, uniformly mixed powder, which is put into, reacts 5~10h in 500~650 DEG C of medium temperature reaction kettle, is then graphitized Processing.It is coated again with the pitch tetrahydrofuran solution prepared after graphitization processing, the lithium electricity of pitch-coating is made through carbonizing Pond negative electrode material.The method reaction temperature is high, and the reaction time is also longer, and process flow is long and complicated, is unfavorable for low-cost industrial Produce lithium cell cathode material.And in patent document " ion secondary battery cathode material lithium and preparation method thereof ", using day The mixture of right graphite and Raw needle coke powder is raw material, and asphalt powder is added and carries out hot place at 300~700 DEG C after mixing Reason finally carries out graphitization processing at 2500~2800 DEG C and lithium cell cathode material is made.This method is with natural graphite and needle Shape coke coking powder be raw material, comparatively, by artificial graphite be raw material preparation power battery negative electrode material comprehensive performance more Good, the method heat treatment temperature is also higher, increases production cost.And it first carbonizes and is graphitized afterwards, be unfavorable for generating " core-shell structure copolymer " structure Performance preferably negative electrode material.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to providing one kind can be generated " core-shell structure copolymer " structure, and simple process is raw Produce negative electrode material at low cost and with high performance.
The technical scheme is that a kind of method of solid asphalt low temperature cladding preparation negative electrode material, including following step It is rapid:
1) with one of needle coke, pitch coke coke powder for raw material, fugitive constituent≤8% of the raw material, coke powder partial size: D ≤1mm;
2) it crushes: being crushed needle coke with airslide disintegrating mill, D50 is at 8~18 μm;
3) it is graphitized: 2800~3000 DEG C of graphitization temperature, obtaining graphous graphite powder;
4) it coats: graphous graphite powder and high softening point bitumen powder that previous step obtains being added in coating reaction kettle and mixed Cladding;High softening point bitumen property: QI≤0.1%, softening point: 250~270 DEG C, D50:4~8 μm;High softening point bitumen is added Measure 3%~15wt%, 85%~97wt% of graphite powder additional amount;Temperature of plate: 270~300 DEG C, 1~2h of time is coated;
5) mixture coated is carbonized under 700-1000 DEG C of temperature, nitrogen atmosphere 1-3h, is sieved after being cooled to room temperature, Finally prepare high performance lithium ion battery negative material.
It is required that it is the value in order to improve needle coke coke breeze that raw material particle size, which is less than 1mm, while negative electrode material raw material can be reduced Cost.
The method of solid asphalt low temperature cladding preparation negative electrode material according to the present invention, it is preferred that described in step 4) Coating reaction kettle is the reaction kettle of the double ribbon agitating paddles of band.
The method of solid asphalt low temperature cladding preparation negative electrode material according to the present invention, it is preferred that the step 5) charcoal The change time is 0.5-2h.
The method of solid asphalt low temperature cladding preparation negative electrode material according to the present invention, it is preferred that the lithium-ion electric Take off for the first time lithium capacity (0.2C) that button cell is made in pond negative electrode material is 350-360mAh/g.
The method of solid asphalt low temperature cladding preparation negative electrode material according to the present invention, it is preferred that the lithium-ion electric The coulombic efficiency for the first time of button cell is made up to 92% or more in pond negative electrode material.
The present invention is to coat one layer of pitch on graphite material (needle coke, pitch coke) surface, in graphite surface after carbonizing As soon as forming a layer amorphous carbon, a kind of " core-shell structure copolymer " structure is formed with the graphite of the inside cladding in this way.This structure is conducive to reduce lithium The loss of ion, while the coulombic efficiency for the first time of charge and discharge can also be greatly improved.
The negative electrode material is made into button cell, and chemical property detection is carried out to the button cell.The result shows that adopting The negative electrode material made of the art of this patent has excellent chemical property, and specific effect see the table below:
The cathode material chemical property of 1 this technology of table preparation
The utility model has the advantages that
The present invention relates to one kind to prepare high-quality artificial graphite by the modification of solid asphalt low temperature clad surface with calcined coke powder The technology of Li-like ions cell negative electrode material, specially forge rear needle coke coke powder, pitch coke coke powder etc. with partial size less than 1mm are Raw material is graphitized after airslide disintegrating mill is crushed to certain partial size, is then carried out surface and is modified, that is, uses solid high softening-point Pitch coats artificial graphite aggregate under cryogenic, handles using high temperature carbonization, and pitch is made to decompose polycondensation Reaction forms the negative electrode material of the function admirable of " core-shell structure copolymer " structure.Needle coke, pitch coke are to prepare graphite electrode, special charcoal respectively Raw material, and partial size less than 1mm forge rear needle coke coke powder, pitch coke coke powder be graphite electrode, Te Tan producer it is undesired or It is used for degrading, therefore, needle coke coke powder, pitch coke coke powder are cheap.Meanwhile needle coke coke powder, pitch coke coke powder have There is poor fibre structure, is the raw material of preferable negative electrode material.With forge rear needle coke coke powder, pitch coke coke powder prepare lithium electricity Pond negative electrode material can not only reduce cost of material, but also be able to ascend the performance of lithium cell cathode material.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is process flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: D50:14.8 μm of needle-shaped coke powder, volatile matter: 6.0%;3000 DEG C of graphitization temperature, high softening point bitumen D50:6 μm of powder, QI:0.05%, softening point: 258 DEG C;Needle-shaped coke powder: high softening point bitumen powder=4%:96%;Temperature of plate 280 DEG C, coat time 2h;Carbonization temperature: 900 DEG C, carbonization time: 1h.Button is assembled into negative electrode material prepared by the technology Battery, taking off lithium capacity for the first time is 355.6mAh/g, and coulomb effect is 95.6% for the first time, and detaining electric multiplying power (1C/0.2C) is 50.5%.
Embodiment 2: D50:16.5 μm of needle-shaped coke powder, volatile matter: 5.1%;3000 DEG C of graphitization temperature, high softening point bitumen D50:8 μm of powder, QI:0.05%, softening point: 258 DEG C;Needle-shaped coke powder: high softening point bitumen powder=6%:94%;Temperature of plate 290 DEG C, coat time 1.5h;Carbonization temperature: 1000 DEG C, carbonization time: 1h.Button is assembled into negative electrode material prepared by the technology Formula battery, taking off lithium capacity for the first time is 354.8mAh/g, and coulomb effect is 94.6% for the first time, detains electric multiplying power (1C/0.2C) and is 47.8%.
Embodiment 3: D50:15.3 μm of needle-shaped coke powder, volatile matter: 7.1%;3000 DEG C of graphitization temperature, high softening point bitumen D50:7 μm of powder, QI:0.05%, softening point: 258 DEG C;Needle-shaped coke powder: high softening point bitumen powder=7%:93%;Temperature of plate 280 DEG C, coat time 2h;Carbonization temperature: 950 DEG C, carbonization time: 1h.Button is assembled into negative electrode material prepared by the technology Battery, taking off lithium capacity for the first time is 353.6mAh/g, and coulomb effect is 93.5% for the first time, and detaining electric multiplying power (1C/0.2C) is 48.5%.
Embodiment 4: D50:14.8 μm of pitch coke coke powder, volatile matter: 6.0%;3000 DEG C of graphitization temperature, high softening-point drip D50:8 μm, QI:0.05% of green powder, softening point: 258 DEG C;Pitch coke coke powder: high softening point bitumen powder=5%:95%;Cladding temperature 280 DEG C of degree coats time 2h;Carbonization temperature: 1000 DEG C, carbonization time: 1h.Button is assembled into negative electrode material prepared by the technology Formula battery, taking off lithium capacity for the first time is 350.1mAh/g, and coulomb effect is 92.3% for the first time, detains electric multiplying power (1C/0.2C) and is 46.8%.
The present invention forges rear needle coke, pitch coke coke powder as raw material less than 1mm using partial size, is crushed to one through airslide disintegrating mill It is graphitized after determining partial size, coke powder and high softening point bitumen powder are added in cladding kettle and carry out low temperature packet after being then graphitized It covers, so that artificial graphite surface is uniformly coated one layer of pitch, handled using high temperature carbonization, make pitch that thermal polycondensation reaction occur, Form the negative electrode material of the function admirable of " core-shell structure copolymer " structure.
The present invention uses the method for coating, carbonizing again that is first graphitized, and at low temperature (less than 300 DEG C), and coats the time Only need 1~2 hour.The negative electrode material of preparation takes off lithium capacity for the first time, and coulombic efficiency is more than 350mAh/g for the first time, for the first time coulombic efficiency Reachable 92% or more, superior performance.Therefore, the negative electrode material simple process prepared with this method, production cost is low and has height Performance.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of method of solid asphalt low temperature cladding preparation negative electrode material, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
1) with one of needle coke, pitch coke coke powder for raw material, fugitive constituent≤8% of the raw material, coke powder partial size: D≤ 1mm;
2) it crushes: being crushed needle coke with airslide disintegrating mill, D50 is at 8~18 μm;
3) it is graphitized: 2800~3000 DEG C of graphitization temperature, obtaining graphous graphite powder;
4) coat: the graphous graphite powder and high softening point bitumen powder that previous step is obtained, which are added in coating reaction kettle, mixes packet It covers;High softening point bitumen property: QI≤0.1%, softening point: 250~270 DEG C, D50:4~8 μm;High softening point bitumen additional amount 3%~15wt%, 85%~97wt% of graphite powder additional amount;Temperature of plate: 270~300 DEG C, 1~2h of time is coated;
5) mixture coated is carbonized under 700-1000 DEG C of temperature, nitrogen atmosphere 1-3h, be sieved after being cooled to room temperature, finally Prepare high performance lithium ion battery negative material.
2. the method for solid asphalt low temperature cladding preparation negative electrode material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 4) The coating reaction kettle is the reaction kettle of the double ribbon agitating paddles of band.
3. the method for solid asphalt low temperature cladding preparation negative electrode material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 5) The carbonization time is 0.5-2h.
4. the method for solid asphalt low temperature cladding preparation negative electrode material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the lithium Take off for the first time lithium capacity (0.2C) that button cell is made in ion battery cathode material is 350-360mAh/g.
5. the method for solid asphalt low temperature cladding preparation negative electrode material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the lithium The coulombic efficiency for the first time of button cell is made up to 92% or more in ion battery cathode material.
CN201711242456.9A 2017-11-30 2017-11-30 A kind of method of solid asphalt low temperature cladding preparation negative electrode material Pending CN109860524A (en)

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Cited By (12)

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CN112133894A (en) * 2020-09-03 2020-12-25 深圳石墨烯创新中心有限公司 Negative electrode material for lithium battery and preparation method of material
CN112382794A (en) * 2020-08-03 2021-02-19 万向一二三股份公司 Preparation method of graphite cathode lithium ion battery
CN112661148A (en) * 2020-12-24 2021-04-16 宁波杉杉新材料科技有限公司 Composite graphite negative electrode material, preparation method and application thereof, and lithium ion battery
CN112794321A (en) * 2021-01-15 2021-05-14 中国神华煤制油化工有限公司 Carbon negative electrode material and preparation method and application thereof
CN112938960A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-11 乌海宝杰新能源材料有限公司 Preparation method of high-compaction-density and low-specific-surface-area negative electrode material
CN113101887A (en) * 2021-04-22 2021-07-13 湖南阿斯米科技有限公司 Graphite type cathode material/phosphate and ternary cathode material continuous reaction treatment equipment for lithium ion battery
CN113258063A (en) * 2021-04-29 2021-08-13 河南易成瀚博能源科技有限公司 Method for preparing graphite cathode material of lithium ion battery by spray drying method
CN114804877A (en) * 2022-05-19 2022-07-29 李鑫 Pulse current internal heating type intermediate temperature graphitized negative electrode material and manufacturing method thereof
CN114804062A (en) * 2021-01-18 2022-07-29 宝武碳业科技股份有限公司 Coke for lithium ion battery cathode material and preparation method thereof
CN115806290A (en) * 2022-12-06 2023-03-17 广东凯金新能源科技股份有限公司 Artificial graphite lithium ion battery cathode material and preparation method thereof
CN115893400A (en) * 2022-11-15 2023-04-04 晖阳(贵州)新能源材料有限公司 Preparation method of negative electrode material for long-cycle lithium ion battery
CN116443869A (en) * 2023-03-17 2023-07-18 乌海宝杰新能源材料有限公司 Quick graphite charging negative electrode material for starting and stopping power supply and preparation method thereof

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CN112382794A (en) * 2020-08-03 2021-02-19 万向一二三股份公司 Preparation method of graphite cathode lithium ion battery
CN112133894A (en) * 2020-09-03 2020-12-25 深圳石墨烯创新中心有限公司 Negative electrode material for lithium battery and preparation method of material
CN112661148A (en) * 2020-12-24 2021-04-16 宁波杉杉新材料科技有限公司 Composite graphite negative electrode material, preparation method and application thereof, and lithium ion battery
CN112794321A (en) * 2021-01-15 2021-05-14 中国神华煤制油化工有限公司 Carbon negative electrode material and preparation method and application thereof
CN114804062A (en) * 2021-01-18 2022-07-29 宝武碳业科技股份有限公司 Coke for lithium ion battery cathode material and preparation method thereof
CN114804062B (en) * 2021-01-18 2024-01-16 宝武碳业科技股份有限公司 Coke for lithium ion battery cathode material and manufacturing method thereof
CN112938960B (en) * 2021-01-29 2023-09-29 乌海宝杰新能源材料有限公司 Preparation method of high-compaction-density and low-specific-surface-area negative electrode material
CN112938960A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-11 乌海宝杰新能源材料有限公司 Preparation method of high-compaction-density and low-specific-surface-area negative electrode material
CN113101887A (en) * 2021-04-22 2021-07-13 湖南阿斯米科技有限公司 Graphite type cathode material/phosphate and ternary cathode material continuous reaction treatment equipment for lithium ion battery
CN113258063A (en) * 2021-04-29 2021-08-13 河南易成瀚博能源科技有限公司 Method for preparing graphite cathode material of lithium ion battery by spray drying method
CN113258063B (en) * 2021-04-29 2022-06-24 河南易成瀚博能源科技有限公司 Method for preparing graphite cathode material of lithium ion battery by spray drying method
CN114804877A (en) * 2022-05-19 2022-07-29 李鑫 Pulse current internal heating type intermediate temperature graphitized negative electrode material and manufacturing method thereof
CN114804877B (en) * 2022-05-19 2024-01-23 深圳市钢昱碳晶科技有限公司 Pulse current internal heating type medium-temperature graphitized anode material and manufacturing method thereof
CN115893400A (en) * 2022-11-15 2023-04-04 晖阳(贵州)新能源材料有限公司 Preparation method of negative electrode material for long-cycle lithium ion battery
CN115893400B (en) * 2022-11-15 2023-10-10 贵州晖阳科技创新研究有限公司 Preparation method of negative electrode material for long-cycle lithium ion battery
CN115806290A (en) * 2022-12-06 2023-03-17 广东凯金新能源科技股份有限公司 Artificial graphite lithium ion battery cathode material and preparation method thereof
CN115806290B (en) * 2022-12-06 2024-08-13 广东凯金新能源科技股份有限公司 Artificial graphite lithium ion battery negative electrode material and preparation method thereof
CN116443869A (en) * 2023-03-17 2023-07-18 乌海宝杰新能源材料有限公司 Quick graphite charging negative electrode material for starting and stopping power supply and preparation method thereof

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