CN109858689A - A kind of Product Assembly system health risk analysis method of reliability guiding - Google Patents
A kind of Product Assembly system health risk analysis method of reliability guiding Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Product Assembly system health risk analysis method of reliability guiding, the steps include: one, considers product reliability loss caused by the decline of assembly system health status, proposes the concept of assembly system health risk；Two, the concept of critical reliability characteristic (KRCs) is proposed, and elaborates the Forming Mechanism of risk；Three, it identifies product K RCs, completes risk identification；Four, risk quantification and assessment are completed by KRCs process variations；Five, it using assembly system health risk as maintenance threshold value, is minimized using totle drilling cost as decision objective, establishes predictive maintenance decision model；Six, to decision model Stepwise optimization, the health risk threshold value under minimum cost is determined；Seven, method for maintaining in this patent is made Comparative result with using traditional risk as the method for maintenance threshold value by interpretation of result.The present invention is guiding with reliability, focuses on assembly system health risk, has broad application prospects in quality management and health management arts.
Description
Technical field
This patent provides a kind of Product Assembly system health risk analysis method of reliability guiding, is to lead with reliability
To, the assembly system health risk of product is focused on, health control is compensated for and insufficient loophole is analyzed to assembly system in the process,
It provides by improving assembly system and a possibility that improving product quality, lays weight for the control and prevention of product quality accident
Basis is wanted, quality management and health management arts are belonged to.
Background technique
Assembling process is a step classical and crucial in manufacturing process, and quality can seriously affect the reliability of product.Dress
Match system is the direct carrier of assembling process, and health status is an important factor for influencing assembling quality.Therefore, to assembly system
Carrying out health control ensures that its health operation is the main means for improving product reliability.Product is always write with complicated and accurate
Claim, therefore, their requirements to assembly system are higher than common product.So, goods producer must pay close attention to assembly system always
Health status, and according to real-time system health predict equipment fault occurrence tendency.In this way, manufacturer
Activity can be repaired in time to improve the reliability for being assembled product.
The new version of ISO 9001:2015 quality control standard highlights the product quality management thought based on risk.Cause
This, the thinking based on risk becomes the inexorable trend of quality analysis.Thinking based on risk is applied to Product Assembly system to be good for
Health management domain proposes the concept of assembly system health risk.System health decline is caused under assembling process quality
Then the basic reason of drop and then leads to product manufacturing reliability decrease.Therefore, substantially, health risk is a kind of quality wind
Danger.In actual production, when assembly system health status is poor, it will lead to the generation of process variations, to greatly influence
The quality of assembling process.But at present by combining risk management with assembly system health to improve grinding for product reliability
Study carefully very few, and determines that the research of assembly equipment maintenance policy is equally fewer and fewer based on risk size.Currently, with technology
It is constantly progressive, prospective maintenance has become the representative of advanced maintenance technology, can improve the maintenance that periodic maintenance may cause
The shortcomings that insufficient or excessive maintenance.But in current prospective maintenance model, the system health of risk-oriented is seldom
It is used as formulating the maintenance threshold value of prospective maintenance strategy.
Therefore, in view of the above deficiencies, this patent is by considering the decline of assembly system health status to the shadow of product reliability
It rings, proposes a kind of Product Assembly system health risk analysis method of reliability guiding.Firstly, by considering that assembly system is strong
The loss of product reliability caused by health situation declines, proposes the concept of assembly system health risk, elaborates that risk forms machine
System.Secondly, proposing the concept of critical reliability feature (KRCs), and pass through the bad caused KRCs assembly of system health
Process variations quantify the assembly system health risk of product.Finally, using assembly system health risk as maintenance threshold value, it will be total
Cost minimization is turned to decision objective, establishes predictive maintenance decision model, and determine being good under minimum cost by successive optimization
Health risk threshold value obtains optimal maintenance strategy.While guaranteeing product quality accident control with prevention work validity, more
Meet the production requirement of enterprise.
Summary of the invention
(1) purpose of the present invention:
For current Product Assembly system health problem analysis it is less, cannot quantify comprehensively assembly system health and product
The problems such as relationship between reliability, the present invention provides a kind of a kind of new product assembly quality analysis method --- reliabilities
The Product Assembly system health risk analysis method of guiding.The present invention has fully considered assembly system health status to product manufacturing
The influence of reliability, and assembly system health problem is treated based on the thinking of risk, Product Assembly process data work is utilized
For the value foundation of risk quantification parameter, comprehensive quantization is carried out to assembly system health risk, so that the analysis result of risk
It is more objective with it is true.Moreover, the present invention is that quality management is promoted to make on the basis of risk quantification with health risk
For repair threshold value, and consider economy the problem of, to assembly system prospective maintenance strategy carry out decision, had
The device predicted property maintenance policy of best cost effectiveness, improves the validity of enterprise product increased quality work, more meets enterprise
The production requirement of industry.
(2) technical solution:
(1) present invention is a kind of Product Assembly system health risk analysis method of reliability guiding, i.e., will be assembled
The reliability loss of product is contacted with the foundation of assembly system health risk, and is that maintenance threshold value determines optimal assembly system with risk
System prospective maintenance strategy, the basic assumption of proposition are as follows:
Assuming that linear model is obeyed in influence of the transmitting of 1 assembling process deviation with accumulation and to product reliability；
Assuming that 2 every kind of equipment only exist a kind of failure mode.
Based on above-mentioned it is assumed that Product Assembly system health modeling and prospective maintenance strategy of the present invention about risk-oriented
A kind of Product Assembly system health risk analysis method of reliability guiding proposed, its step are as follows:
Step 1 considers product reliability loss caused by the decline of assembly system health status, proposes Product Assembly system
The concept of system health risk；
Step 2 is assembled the influence relationship between product according to assembly system-assembling process-, proposes critical reliability
The concept of characteristic (KRCs), and elaborate the Forming Mechanism of assembly system health risk；
KRCs during step 3, identification Product Assembly, completes the identification of assembly system health risk；
Step 4 declines caused KRCs process variations by assembly system health status to quantify and assess the dress of product
Match system health risk；
Step 5 is established using assembly system health risk as maintenance threshold value using totle drilling cost minimum as decision objective
Predictive maintenance decision model；
Step 6 carries out Stepwise optimization to decision model by Python software, determines the health risk threshold under minimum cost
Value, obtains optimal maintenance strategy；
Step 7, interpretation of result, by this patent using health risk as threshold value method for maintaining acquired results with will be traditional
Only consider that cost does not consider that the risk of reliability loss is compared as the method acquired results of maintenance threshold value with probability of happening.
Wherein, in step 1 it is described " consider product reliability loss caused by the decline of assembly system health status,
Propose the concept of Product Assembly system health risk ", refer to the assembling process portion most classical and most crucial as the fabrication stage
Point, show the manufacture reliability for affecting product, under conditions of not considering human factor, the manufacture for being assembled product is reliable
Property depend on assembly system health status；Therefore, the health of assembly system is the important guarantee of product reliability；It will be based on wind
The thinking of danger is used to analyze and assess the health status of assembly system, therefore, it is proposed to the concept of assembly system health risk,
The specific practice is as follows:
By analysis, discovery Product Assembly system health status decline is the basic reason of product manufacturing reliability loss,
Therefore, by Product Assembly system health risk is defined as: the loss of product reliability caused by being declined by assembly system health status
Caused quality accident risk.
Wherein, in step 2 it is described " the influence relationship between product is assembled according to assembly system-assembling process-,
The concept of critical reliability characteristic (KRCs) is proposed, and elaborates the Forming Mechanism of assembly system health risk ", refer to consideration
Assembly system reliability R, assembling process quality Q and the relationship that influences each other being assembled between product reliability R, propose key
The concept of reliability properties (KRCs), and Forming Mechanism of Product Assembly system health risk is illustrated based on this, after being
Continuous risk quantification lays the foundation；Its specific practice is as follows:
Define first: closely related characteristic is known as critical reliability characteristic (KRCs) with product manufacturing reliability；Then
It is proposed Risk Forming Mechanism based on this: when the decline of Product Assembly system health status, KRCs can generate a degree of assembly
Process variations, and with the progress of multistation assembling process, deviation is transmitted consecutively over the non-scheduled traffic channel downstream process, this causes deviation tired
Product forms health risk, then influences the manufacture reliability for being finally assembled product；Therefore, assembly system health risk is derived from
Assembly system is formed in assembling process, acts on and is assembled product.
It is wherein, described in step 3 that " KRCs during identification Product Assembly completes assembly system health risk and knows
Not ", refer to the design requirement according to product, it is first determined the assembling structure of product；Secondly reliable for product according to each structure
The sensitivity of property, determines critical reliability structure (KRSs)；Again, it is mapped by axiomatization, by KRSs from structural domain to work
Skill domain carries out the mapping of " it " word, determines the KRCs in assembling process；Finally, according to identified KRCs, to product K RSs number
It is updated according to library；Its specific practice is as follows:
Firstly, product is decomposed into bottom from top according to design requirement, to determine Product Assembly structure, including product group
Part, sub-component, part and other structures details；Secondly, determining the sensitive of product structure on the basis of product function and structure
Degree requires, and filters out critical reliability structure (KRSs) on this basis；Again, in the base of the product K RSs information identified
On plinth, corresponding process characteristic is identified by axiomatization mapping, to determine assembling process KRSs；It is tied finally, being identified according to KRSs
Fruit regularly updates product K RSs database.
It is wherein, described in step 4 that " KRCs process variations caused by being declined by assembly system health status quantify
With the assembly system health risk of assessment product ", refer to that proposing three parameters carrys out comprehensive quantification risk, it may be assumed that
RH=L × CRH× P,
Wherein, L indicates the loss of the product reliability as caused by KRCs assembling process deviation；CRHIt indicates by KRCs assembling process
Cost depletions caused by product reliability caused by deviation is lost；P indicates that each KRCs generates assembling process deviation of corresponding size
Probability；
Parameter L quantifies the product manufacturing reliability loss being assembled by KRCs assembling process deviation；I-th of KRSs
Assembling process deviation can indicate are as follows:
Wherein, Δ XiIndicate the assembling process deviation of i-th of KRC；xikIndicate the assembly of i-th of KRC on k-th of station
Journey deviation；Refer to Δ XiRelative to xikPartial derivative；
Since the assembling deviation Accumulation Model of KRCs is obeyed linearly, can simplify are as follows:
ΔXi=Δ xi1+Δxi2+...+Δxin；
Then it establishes KRCs deviation and is assembled between the loss of product manufacturing reliability and contact, such as following formula:
Wherein, o is higher-order shear deformation, as Δ XiO can ignore when very little；
In actual assembling process, influence that the numerical value very little and KRCs deviation of KRCs deviation lose product reliability
It obeys linearly, therefore, above formula can simplify are as follows:
Wherein, KiIt is constant coefficient matrix, D is constant, and the two can be determined by engineering experience and fuzzy TOPSIS method；By
There is different probability of happening in different degrees of reliability loss and lead to different risk quality accident costs, therefore cope with
The loss of product manufacturing reliability is graded, to determine cost and possibility；Grading is based on following formula:
Wherein k is reliability loss level coefficient；According to the size of k, C is obtained by tabling look-upRHWith the value of P.
Wherein, described in steps of 5 " using assembly system health risk as threshold value is safeguarded, to be turned into totle drilling cost minimum
For decision objective, establish predictive maintenance decision model ", refer to using the space product assembly system health risk in step 4 as
The threshold value for executing prospective maintenance, is minimised as decision objective to Cost Modeling, and with totle drilling cost, establishes prospective maintenance decision
Model；For totle drilling cost C, mainly it is made of three parts, it may be assumed that
C=cM+cA+cR,
Wherein, cMIt is maintenance cost, cAIt is assemble ability loss cost, cRIt is product manufacturing reliability loss cost；cMIt can
To indicate are as follows:
cM=Nce,
Wherein, N is maintenance frequency, ceIt is the cost of single maintenance；N can be further indicated that are as follows:
Wherein, ξ is risk decrement factor, RHmaxIt is the permitted maximum health risk value of manufacturer, RHTIt is health risk
Threshold value, Δ RH are the health risk values that executes Single Maintenance activity and can reduce；
cAIt can indicate are as follows:
Wherein, δ is unit assemble ability loss cost, tmIt is the downtime of assembly system when executing maintenance.
cRIt can indicate are as follows:
cR=σ L,
Wherein, σ is cost caused by the loss of unit reliability.
Wherein, in step 6 it is described " Stepwise optimization is carried out to decision model by Python software, determine it is minimum at
Health risk threshold value under this, obtains optimal maintenance strategy ", refer to using Python software and assists carrying out decision, it is specific to walk
Suddenly are as follows: 1. collect related data；2. providing initial health risk threshold value RHT；3. determining phase according to historical data and expertise
Close decision parameters and service intervals；4. individually calculating maintenance cost c in the case where safeguarding threshold valueM, assemble ability loss cost cAAnd product
Reliability loses cost cR, totle drilling cost C is then obtained under the threshold value；5. step-size in search Δ, RH is arrangedT=RHT+Δ；6. determination is
It is no to terminate optimization process, if RHT> RHmax, then terminate optimization process and execute step 7., otherwise, continuing with execution step
⑤；7. exporting optimum health risk threshold value and corresponding predictive maintenance strategy.
(2) the Product Assembly system health risk analysis method of a kind of reliability guiding of the present invention, uses step
It is rapid as follows:
Step 1 considers product reliability loss caused by the decline of assembly system health status, proposes Product Assembly system
The concept of system health risk；
Step 2 is assembled the influence relationship between product according to assembly system-assembling process-, proposes critical reliability
The concept of characteristic (KRCs), and elaborate the Forming Mechanism of assembly system health risk；
KRCs during step 3, identification Product Assembly, completes the identification of assembly system health risk；
Step 4 declines caused KRCs process variations by assembly system health status to quantify and assess the dress of product
Match system health risk；
Step 5 is established using assembly system health risk as maintenance threshold value using totle drilling cost minimum as decision objective
Predictive maintenance decision model；
Step 6 carries out Stepwise optimization to decision model by Python software, determines the health risk threshold under minimum cost
Value, obtains optimal maintenance strategy；
Step 7, interpretation of result, by this patent using health risk as threshold value method for maintaining acquired results with will be traditional
Only consider that cost does not consider that the risk of reliability loss is compared as the method acquired results of maintenance threshold value with probability of happening.
By above step, decline to Product Assembly system health status to being assembled product matter from the perspective of risk
The influence of amount and reliability, and start with from maintenance of equipment, consider assembly system health risk and maintenance totle drilling cost, carries out preventative
Maintenance decision provides feasible approach for the control and prevention of product quality accident.
(3) advantage and effect:
A kind of Product Assembly system health risk analysis method of reliability guiding of the present invention, its advantage is that:
I. the present invention has fully considered influence of the assembly system health status to product manufacturing reliability, and based on risk
Assembly system health problem is treated in thinking, is utilized value foundation of the Product Assembly process data as risk quantification parameter,
Comprehensive quantization has been carried out to assembly system health risk so that the analysis result of risk it is more objective with it is true.
Ii. the present invention is promotes quality management, on the basis of risk quantification, using health risk as maintenance threshold
The problem of being worth, and considering economy decision is carried out to assembly system prospective maintenance strategy, has obtained having and most preferably taken effect
The device predicted property maintenance policy of ratio.
Iii. the present invention can comprehensively analyze Product Assembly system health risk, and provide optimal predictability
Maintenance policy improves the validity of enterprise product increased quality work, more meets the production requirement of enterprise.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the method for the invention flow chart.
Fig. 2 is the structure and cross-sectional view of aero-engine cylinder head assemblies.
Fig. 3 is the KRCs identification figure based on axiomatization mapping.
Fig. 4 is the totle drilling cost trend under different health risk threshold values.
Fig. 5 is the totle drilling cost tendency chart under new risk threshold value.
Fig. 6 is totle drilling cost trend comparison diagram under two risk threshold values.
Serial number, symbol, code name are described as follows in figure:
5M1E representative, machine, material, method, environment and measurement；6 represent anchor point；6. representing positioning pin.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below in conjunction with attached drawing and example.
The present invention is a kind of Product Assembly system health risk analysis method of reliability guiding, as shown in Figure 1, step
It is as follows:
Step 1 in engineering practice, due to the complexity of Product Assembly, generally can not detect system by health state in time
Decline.Such case will affect system operation, to influence the quality of assembling process, lead to KRCs deviation, to influence
The manufacture reliability of product, leads to quality accident and immeasurable loss.As the core of product, aero-engine is to assembly
Quality is particularly important.According to statistics, it is under warranty, quality accident caused by aero-engine assembly system state declines accounts for aviation
The significant proportion of quality of space product total number of accident.Aero-engine cylinder head be aero-engine core and most basic pass
Key member.Other than supporting entablature together with cylinder block, aero-engine cylinder head is also taken as aeroplane engine
Reference component in machine assembling process.Therefore, once the health status of aero-engine cylinder head assembly system declines, not only can
Cause the KRC dimensional discrepancy of aero-engine cylinder head in assembling stage, and will lead to entire aero-engine assembling quality
Decline causes an accident so as to cause aero-engine manufacture reliability loss.It therefore, is raising aero-engine cylinder head
Reliability proposes aero-engine cylinder head assembly system health risk；
Step 2 is directed to the assembly system health risk of aero-engine cylinder head, determines its risk Forming Mechanism, specifically
Are as follows: the decline of aero-engine cylinder head assembly system health status causes the KRCs of aero-engine cylinder head in assembling process
Middle generation dimensional discrepancy, the transmitting of deviation continuous downstream process and accumulation, cause assembly system health risk to generate, act on by
Product is assembled, reliability loss is generated；
Step 3 based on above-mentioned analysis, identifies the KRCs of aero-engine cylinder head to complete risk identification: first
First, on the basis of analyzing the design document of manufacturer and Fig. 2, the structure feature of aero-engine cylinder cover can be identified, and
Obtain package assembly information；Secondly, filtering out the structure sensitive to cylinder head reliability on the basis of the structural information of acquisition
Feature, and determine KRSs；Again, as shown in figure 3, being gradually mapped to KRSs from structural domain by axiom domain mapping method
Journey domain obtains all KRCs information of aero-engine cylinder cover, i.e. KRC1, KRC2 and KRC3；Finally, aero-engine cylinder
The KRC database of lid timely updates；
After step 4 completes risk identification, the quantitative relationship between KRCs deviation and risk is established；In aero-engine vapour
In the assembling process of cylinder cap, the quantity of freedom degree is 3, i.e., there are two translation freedoms and a rotation are free for each 2D component tool
Degree；Therefore, xikjIt can be expressed as (Δ xikj,Δyikj,Δθikj)T, wherein Δ xikjWith Δ yikjIndicate two translation freedoms
Deviation, Δ θikjIndicate the deviation of rotary freedom；If kth station is not related to the assembling process of i-th of KRC, corresponding item
It is indicated by 0.It is then possible to obtain the data of KRC change in process by the operation data for analyzing package system.Obtained vector
It is calculated by band correlation formula, and bias vector Δ X of each KRC in assembling process can be obtainedi, it is as follows:
ΔX1=(1.531.070.41)TΔX2=(1.490.850.33)TΔX3=(1.280.910.56)T
Utilizing works experience and fuzzy TOPSIS method, have obtained the expression of constant coefficient matrix and constant:
K1=(7.216.755.31), K2=(4.315.286.73), K3=(7.515.176.78),
D=8.29.
The above results are brought into correlation formula to calculate, obtain the value of L:
L=K1ΔX1+K2ΔX2+K3ΔX3+ D=59.96
According to the design requirement of manufacturer, LmaxTherefore=70 can obtain the value of k:
Based on the value, referring to table 1, corresponding health risk cost and probability of happening in this case are obtained.
1 risk parameter value of table
Therefore:
CRH=3.95, P=0.17.
Health risk value is as follows:
RH=59.96 × 3.95 × 0.17=40.263
To sum up, the assembly system health risk value of aero-engine cylinder head is 40.263；
After the completion of the quantization of step 5 air quantity, prospective maintenance decision is carried out；Before making maintenance decision, it should collect and be based on
The other kinds of data of cost data, as shown in table 2:
2 maintenance parameter value of table
Since the value of k is different, the corresponding cost and probability of happening of health risk are also different.Therefore, according to table 1, Ke Yitong
Cross the piecewise function that totle drilling cost function is calculated:
Step 6 is based on this, the parameter in table 2 is applied to above-mentioned expression formula, and analyze difference using Python software
The variation tendency of prospective maintenance totle drilling cost C under health risk threshold value, obtains Fig. 4:
In figure 4, it can be seen that left figure show entire scope (0,47.005] trend of interior totle drilling cost: work as health risk
When range [35,42] is interior, then trend tends to first reduce to be increased threshold value；Therefore, minimum value can be obtained in that interval；Such as
Shown in right figure, image is amplified in [35,42] range, when health risk threshold value is 39.068, obtains totle drilling cost minimum value；Cause
This, in this case, it is 39.068 that threshold value is repaired in optimum prediction；Table 3 lists corresponding predictive maintenance strategy:
The parameter value of 3 optimum prediction maintenance policy of table
To sum up, the assembly system for answering real-time monitoring aero-engine cylinder head, when health risk value reaches 39.068, into
Row maintenance.
Method for maintaining acquired results in this patent using health risk as threshold value are only considered cost with by tradition by step 7
Do not consider that the risk of reliability loss is compared as the method acquired results of maintenance threshold value with probability of happening；
In traditional risk quantification model, only cost and probability of happening is considered as risk variable；Therefore, by new risk
Threshold value is defined merely as risk cost and probability of happening as variable, i.e. influence of the risk to product reliability is considered constant
, other parameters are constant, and carry out analyzing the totle drilling cost trend and two wind under new risk threshold value using Python software
Totle drilling cost trend comparison diagram under dangerous threshold value, it is as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 respectively；
By analysis, table 4 is obtained:
The method that table 4 proposes is compared with traditional risk method is as maintenance threshold value
It can be seen from Table 4 that with using traditional risk, compared with repairing threshold value, the method that this patent is proposed can be saved
The 37.40% of maintenance totle drilling cost is saved, therefore, the present invention has more objectivity and science compared with conventional method, can preferably expire
The production of sufficient enterprise and growth requirement comply with the trend of modernization manufacture.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Product Assembly system health risk analysis method of reliability guiding, the basic assumption of proposition are as follows:
Assuming that linear model is obeyed in influence of the transmitting of 1 assembling process deviation with accumulation and to product reliability；
Assuming that 2 every kind of equipment only exist a kind of failure mode；
Based on above-mentioned it is assumed that the Product Assembly system health risk analysis method that a kind of reliability proposed by the invention is oriented to,
It is characterized by: its step are as follows:
Step 1 considers product reliability loss caused by the decline of assembly system health status, and it is strong to propose Product Assembly system
The concept of health risk；
Step 2 is assembled the influence relationship between product according to assembly system-assembling process-, proposes critical reliability characteristic
That is the concept of KRCs, and elaborate the Forming Mechanism of assembly system health risk；
KRCs during step 3, identification Product Assembly, completes the identification of assembly system health risk；
Step 4 declines caused KRCs process variations by assembly system health status to quantify and assess the assembly system of product
System health risk；
Step 5 establishes prediction as maintenance threshold value using totle drilling cost minimum as decision objective using assembly system health risk
Maintenance measures model；
Step 6 carries out Stepwise optimization to decision model by Python software, determines the health risk threshold value under minimum cost,
Obtain optimal maintenance strategy；
Step 7, interpretation of result only examine the method for maintaining acquired results in this patent using health risk as threshold value with by tradition
Consider cost and does not consider that the risk of reliability loss is compared as the method acquired results of maintenance threshold value with probability of happening.
2. a kind of Product Assembly system health risk analysis method of reliability guiding according to claim 1, feature
It is:
" considering product reliability loss caused by the decline of assembly system health status, proposing product described in step 1
The concept of assembly system health risk " refers to the assembling process part most classical and most crucial as the fabrication stage, shows shadow
The manufacture reliability for having rung product, under conditions of not considering human factor, the manufacture reliability for being assembled product depends on dress
The health status of match system；Therefore, the health of assembly system is the important guarantee of product reliability；Thinking based on risk is used
In the health status for analyzing and assessing assembly system, therefore, it is proposed to the concept of assembly system health risk, the specific practice is such as
Under:
By analysis, discovery Product Assembly system health status decline is the basic reason of product manufacturing reliability loss, therefore,
By Product Assembly system health risk is defined as: caused by the product reliability loss by caused by the decline of assembly system health status
Quality accident risk.
3. a kind of Product Assembly system health risk analysis method of reliability guiding according to claim 1, feature
It is:
" the influence relationship between product is assembled according to assembly system-assembling process-, proposes key described in step 2
Reliability properties, that is, KRCs concept, and elaborate the Forming Mechanism of assembly system health risk ", refer to and considers that assembly system can
By property R, assembling process quality Q and the relationship that influences each other being assembled between product reliability R, critical reliability characteristic is proposed
That is the concept of KRCs, and Forming Mechanism of Product Assembly system health risk is illustrated based on this, it is subsequent risk quantification
It lays the foundation；Its specific practice is as follows:
Define first: closely related characteristic is known as critical reliability characteristic i.e. KRCs with product manufacturing reliability；It is then based on
This proposes Risk Forming Mechanism: when the decline of Product Assembly system health status, KRCs can generate the assembly of a predetermined extent
Journey deviation, and as the progress of multistation assembling process, deviation are transmitted consecutively over the non-scheduled traffic channel downstream process, this causes deviation to be accumulated,
Health risk is formed, the manufacture reliability for being finally assembled product is then influenced；Therefore, assembly system health risk is derived from assembly
System is formed in assembling process, acts on and is assembled product.
4. a kind of Product Assembly system health risk analysis method of reliability guiding according to claim 1, feature
It is:
" KRCs during identification Product Assembly completes the identification of assembly system health risk " in step 3, refers to root
According to the design requirement of product, it is first determined the assembling structure of product；Secondly according to each structure for the sensitive journey of product reliability
Degree, determines critical reliability structure i.e. KRCs；Again, it is mapped by axiomatization, KRSs is carried out from structural domain to technique domain
The mapping of " it " word, determines the KRCs in assembling process；Finally, being carried out according to identified KRCs to product K RSs database
It updates；Its specific practice is as follows:
Firstly, product is decomposed into from top by bottom according to design requirement, to determine Product Assembly structure, including product component,
Sub-component, part and other structures details；Secondly, determining the sensitivity of product structure on the basis of product function and structure
It is required that and filtering out critical reliability structure i.e. KRCs on this basis；Again, on the basis of the product K RSs information identified
On, corresponding process characteristic is identified by axiomatization mapping, to determine assembling process KRSs；Finally, according to KRSs recognition result
Product K RSs database is regularly updated.
5. a kind of Product Assembly system health risk analysis method of reliability guiding according to claim 1, feature
It is:
" caused KRCs process variations are declined by assembly system health status to quantify and assess production described in step 4
The assembly system health risk of product " refers to that proposing three parameters carrys out comprehensive quantification risk, it may be assumed that
RH=L × CRH× P,
Wherein, L indicates the loss of the product reliability as caused by KRCs assembling process deviation；CRHIt indicates by KRCs assembling process deviation
Cost depletions caused by caused product reliability is lost；P indicates that each KRCs generates the general of assembling process deviation of corresponding size
Rate；
Parameter L quantifies the product manufacturing reliability loss being assembled by KRCs assembling process deviation；The dress of i-th of KRSs
It can be indicated with process variations are as follows:
Wherein, Δ XiIndicate the assembling process deviation of i-th of KRC；xikIndicate that the assembling process of i-th of KRC on k-th of station is inclined
Difference；Refer to Δ XiRelative to xikPartial derivative；
Since the assembling deviation Accumulation Model of KRCs is obeyed linearly, can simplify are as follows:
ΔXi=Δ xi1+Δxi2+...+Δxin；
Then it establishes KRCs deviation and is assembled between the loss of product manufacturing reliability and contact, such as following formula:
Wherein, o is higher-order shear deformation, as Δ XiO can ignore when very little；
In actual assembling process, the numerical value very little and KRCs deviation of KRCs deviation obey the influence that product reliability is lost
Linearly, therefore, above formula can simplify are as follows:
Wherein, KiIt is constant coefficient matrix, D is constant, and the two can be determined by engineering experience and fuzzy TOPSIS method；Due to not
Reliability loss with degree has different probability of happening and leads to different risk quality accident costs, therefore copes with product
Manufacture reliability loss is graded, to determine cost and possibility；Grading is based on following formula:
Wherein k is reliability loss level coefficient；According to the size of k, C is obtained by tabling look-upRHWith the value of P.
6. a kind of Product Assembly system health risk analysis method of reliability guiding according to claim 1, feature
It is:
" using assembly system health risk as maintenance threshold value, being minimized using totle drilling cost as decision mesh described in steps of 5
Mark, establishes predictive maintenance decision model ", refer to using the space product assembly system health risk in step 4 as executing prediction
Property maintenance threshold value, be minimised as decision objective to Cost Modeling, and with totle drilling cost, establish prospective maintenance decision model；It is right
In totle drilling cost C, mainly it is made of three parts, it may be assumed that
C=cM+cA+cR,
Wherein, cMIt is maintenance cost, cAIt is assemble ability loss cost, cRIt is product manufacturing reliability loss cost；cMIt can indicate
Are as follows:
cM=Nce,
Wherein, N is maintenance frequency, ceIt is the cost of single maintenance；N can be further indicated that are as follows:
Wherein, ξ is risk decrement factor, RHmaxIt is the permitted maximum health risk value of manufacturer, RHTIt is health risk threshold value,
Δ RH is the health risk value that executes Single Maintenance activity and can reduce；
cAIt can indicate are as follows:
Wherein, δ is unit assemble ability loss cost, tmIt is the downtime of assembly system when executing maintenance, cRIt can indicate
Are as follows:
cR=σ L,
Wherein, σ is cost caused by the loss of unit reliability.
7. a kind of Product Assembly system health risk analysis method of reliability guiding according to claim 1, feature
It is:
" Stepwise optimization is carried out to decision model by Python software, determines the health under minimum cost described in step 6
Risk threshold value obtains optimal maintenance strategy ", refer to using Python software and assist carrying out decision, specific steps are as follows: 01 receive
Collect related data；02 provide initial health risk threshold value RHT；03 determine that relevant Decision is joined according to historical data and expertise
Several and service intervals；04 individually calculate maintenance cost c in the case where safeguarding threshold valueM, assemble ability loss cost cAAnd product reliability
Lose cost cR, totle drilling cost C is then obtained under the threshold value；05 setting step-size in search Δs, RHT=RHT+Δ；6 zero determine whether to answer
Optimization process is terminated, if RHT> RHmax, then terminate optimization process and execute step zero 7, otherwise, continuing with execution step zero
5；07 output optimum health risk threshold values and corresponding predictive maintenance strategy.
8. a kind of Product Assembly system health risk analysis method of reliability guiding according to claim 1, feature
It is:
Steps are as follows for the use of the analysis method:
Step 1 considers product reliability loss caused by the decline of assembly system health status, and it is strong to propose Product Assembly system
The concept of health risk；
Step 2 is assembled the influence relationship between product according to assembly system-assembling process-, proposes critical reliability characteristic
That is the concept of KRCs, and elaborate the Forming Mechanism of assembly system health risk；
KRCs during step 3, identification Product Assembly, completes the identification of assembly system health risk；
Step 4 declines caused KRCs process variations by assembly system health status to quantify and assess the assembly system of product
System health risk；
Step 5 establishes prediction as maintenance threshold value using totle drilling cost minimum as decision objective using assembly system health risk
Maintenance measures model；
Step 6 carries out Stepwise optimization to decision model by Python software, determines the health risk threshold value under minimum cost,
Obtain optimal maintenance strategy；
Step 7, interpretation of result only examine the method for maintaining acquired results in this patent using health risk as threshold value with by tradition
Consider cost and does not consider that the risk of reliability loss is compared as the method acquired results of maintenance threshold value with probability of happening.
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