CN109857154A - Reflecting mirror sun tracing method and device in a kind of Fresnel solar-thermal generating system - Google Patents
Reflecting mirror sun tracing method and device in a kind of Fresnel solar-thermal generating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109857154A CN109857154A CN201910149754.6A CN201910149754A CN109857154A CN 109857154 A CN109857154 A CN 109857154A CN 201910149754 A CN201910149754 A CN 201910149754A CN 109857154 A CN109857154 A CN 109857154A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses reflecting mirror sun tracing method and device in a kind of Fresnel solar-thermal generating system, in a set of Fresnel focusing system, tens rectangular mirrors are connected on a root long worm screw by the turbine of same specification, each reflecting mirror initial position is different, the rotation that worm shaft is driven by driving motor, drives all reflecting mirrors to rotate with same angle；Solar azimuth is positioned and tracked with photoelectric sensor, and reflecting mirror rotational angle is automatically determined with sunshine tracking gear train；All reflecting mirrors are controlled with a set of worm and gear system to rotate synchronously；Sun sunlight often turns over the angle θ, all reflecting mirrors, which will synchronize, turns over same θ/2 jiao, it is reflected into the reflected beams on collector always, the present invention is simple and convenient, directly tracks solar motion using photoelectric sensor, is rotated synchronously using mechanical system control reflecting mirror, realize reflective tracking, it is easy to control, it can be improved tracking efficiency, reduce cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of reflective type solar tracking techniques, belong to application of solar；It is mainly used in phenanthrene
In Nie Ershi solar heat power generation system, it can also be applied in tower solar-thermal generating system and other reflective optic focusing systems
In light source tracking.
Background technique
Solar light-heat power-generation system is different from currently used photovoltaic generating system, it is to utilize reflecting mirror by sunlight
Reflection focuses in collecting system, and heating work substance forms steam, and pushing turbine generates electricity.Whole process is similar to fire
Power power generation is merely creating steam not instead of with fossil energies such as the coal that burns, natural gases, by collecting the energy absorbed in sunlight
It measures to carry out.Relative to photovoltaic power generation, photo-thermal power generation be not using photovoltaic effect generate direct current another mistake sell of one's property raw alternating current, and
It is to be generated electricity using hot steam driving steam turbine, compatible with current thermal power generation system, electric power output harmonic wave ingredient is few, and electric power is steady
It is fixed, and power grid good compatibility, while thermal energy storage system is set, continuous power generation in 24 hours may be implemented.Photo-thermal power generation is common
Form has several forms such as tower, slot type, dish-style and Fresnel, and tower at present and slot type has cost advantage, has certain
Commercial value.Fresnel is similar with slot type, but it does not carry out line focus with parabolic troughs, anti-with many face strips
Mirror is penetrated by solar light focusing into a linear collector.Fresnel opto-thermal system with windward side, process by small, reflecting mirror
Simple feature.
The sun is from morning to night to be moved to west by east relative to us, for photovoltaic system, Yao Tigao sunlight
Utilization efficiency needs photovoltaic battery panel to face the sun always and tracks solar motion.As long as pacifying on technical photovoltaic battery panel
A four-quadrant photoelectric sensor is filled, the sensor face sun always is made by control system, is implemented relatively easy.And it is right
In reflective solar opto-thermal system, sunlight is allowed to be reflected into heat collector always, the reflecting mirror not face sun always,
Changing always with the angle of sunray.
Method document at present both at home and abroad about solar tracking control in opto-thermal system is few, and Fresnel opto-thermal system
It starts late, correlative study carries out also less.Currently used control means are to calculate certain using local longitude and latitude data
The solar azimuth at moment calculates every one side further according to parameters such as the relative bearing of reflecting mirror and optical receiver, height, distances
The angle of reflecting mirror gives step motor control signal, the angle of control and adjustment reflecting mirror, Lai Shixian solar tracking.At this
It is possible to bring in the process and calculates error and lead to error accumulation.The closed-loop control formed using photoelectric sensor is also needed to repair
Positive reflection mirror angle, control system is complicated, at high cost.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the invention discloses reflecting mirror solar tracking sides in a kind of Fresnel solar-thermal generating system
Method, it is simple and convenient, solar motion directly is tracked using photoelectric sensor, is rotated synchronously using mechanical system control reflecting mirror, it is real
Existing reflective tracking, it is easy to control, it can be improved tracking efficiency, reduce cost.
In order to achieve the above objectives, technical scheme is as follows:
Reflecting mirror sun tracing method in a kind of Fresnel solar-thermal generating system, in a set of Fresnel focusing system, tens
Rectangular mirror is connected on a root long worm screw by the turbine of same specification, and each reflecting mirror initial position is different, by driving
Motor drives the rotation of worm shaft, and all reflecting mirrors is driven to rotate with same angle；Sun sunlight often turns over the angle θ, all reflections
Mirror, which will synchronize, turns over same θ/2 jiao, is reflected into the reflected beams on collector always.
Reflecting mirror sun tracker in a kind of Fresnel solar-thermal generating system, specific structure include that Fresnel focuses system
System, sunshine tracking gear train, photoelectric sensor, control circuit and software systems；
In the Fresnel focusing system, tens rectangular mirrors are connected to a root long worm screw by the turbine of same specification
On, each reflecting mirror initial position is different, the rotation of worm shaft is driven by motor, the sunshine tracking gear train is installed therein
On one reflecting mirror；
The sunshine tracking gear train, there are four gears to form for it.The number of teeth of gear one is 2 times of two number of teeth of gear, gear
Three and four numbers of teeth are equal, and gear one and three is coaxial asynchronous, and gear two and four is coaxial and synchronous, and the photoelectric sensor is fixed on
On gear three, gear one is fixed in reflecting mirror rotation axis,
Photoelectric sensor connects driving motor, the software by servo circuit using uniaxial two quadrant forms, photoelectric sensor
System connects Fresnel focusing system, sunshine tracking gear train, photoelectric sensor.
Photoelectric sensor of the present invention uses drum type brake, baffle-type or triangular form, is used in combination with, can be improved
Precision increases search angle.
Driving motor of the present invention is mounted on worm shaft, is perhaps mounted in reflecting mirror rotation axis or is mounted on
In sunshine tracking gear train.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Reflecting mirror sun tracing method in Fresnel solar-thermal generating system of the present invention is positioned and is tracked with photoelectric sensor
Solar azimuth automatically determines reflecting mirror rotational angle with set of gears system；All reflections are controlled with a set of worm and gear system
Mirror rotates synchronously；The each calculating process avoided reduces and calculates error and accumulated error, and control system is simple, and tracking efficiency mentions
Height, cost is relatively low, the accuracy guarantee of photoelectric sensor tracking accuracy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 reflecting mirror rotates synchronously turbine and worm structure.
The angular relationship of Fig. 2 light reflection.
Fig. 3 sunshine tracking gear train.
Fig. 4 photosensor structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 control circuit flow chart.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the present invention is furture elucidated, it should be understood that following specific embodiments are only
For illustrating the present invention rather than limiting the scope of the invention.
As shown, reflecting mirror sun tracing method in Fresnel solar-thermal generating system of the present invention, in original phenanthrene
On the basis of Nie Er solar-thermal generating system, increases photoelectric sensor positioning and tracking solar azimuth, increase a set of sunshine tracking tooth
Wheel system automatically determines reflecting mirror rotational angle；All reflecting mirrors are controlled with a set of worm and gear system to rotate synchronously；Make to reflect
Light beam is reflected on collector always, each calculating process avoided, is reduced and is calculated error and accumulated error, control system letter
Single, cost is relatively low.
Working principle is: the sun is from morning to night to be moved to west by east relative to us, for reflective solar benefit
With system, sunlight to be allowed to be reflected into collection heat trap always, reflecting mirror is unable to the face sun, to allow the folder of itself and sunray
Angle is changing always, cannot indiscriminately imitate the solar tracking system of photovoltaic system.For reflecting mirror, incident ray and reflection light are symmetrical
It is distributed in reflecting mirror normal two sides.As shown in Fig. 2, only when the sun, collector and reflecting mirror are in a straight line, incident ray,
Reflection light, normal are overlapped, the reflecting mirror face sun.When solar incident ray relative to the angle θ is turned at this time, only reflecting mirror and
Its normal turns over θ/2 jiao, and reflection light could still be reflected into collector, as in Fig. 2 the case where reflecting mirror 2.It is reflecting in this way
In formula solar energy utilization system, sunray to be reflected into collector always, the angle for needing to guarantee that reflecting mirror 2 rotates is the sun
Turn over the half of angle.
Around this principle, the present invention designs sunshine tracking gear train 7 shown in Fig. 3, and there are four gears to form for it.Tooth
The number of teeth of wheel one is 2 times of two number of teeth of gear, and the number of teeth of gear three and four is equal, coaxial asynchronous, two He of gear of gear one and three
Four is coaxial and synchronous, and such gear one turns over one week, and gear two, three and four turns over 2 weeks, i.e. the angle that turns over of gear two, three and four
Degree is 2 times that gear one turns over angle.In this way, the present invention fixes a photoelectric sensor on gear three, gear one is fixed on
In reflecting mirror rotation axis, photoelectric sensor is used to track sun corner, often turns over the angle θ, gear three turns over the angle θ, the gear train
Band moving gear one and reflecting mirror turn over θ/2 jiao, and by the light principle of reflection of Fig. 2, the reflected beams will be reflected to collector.
Wherein photoelectric sensor can directly use the photoelectric sensor of current photovoltaic system, in photovoltaic system, in order to
The utilization efficiency for improving sunlight, will make the photovoltaic cell face sun always.Its photoelectric sensor mainly uses four-quadrant photoelectricity
Sensor etc., specific there are many structure types.And Fresnel solar-thermal generating system is generally by reflecting mirror and linear collector south
North orientation is placed, the reflecting mirror single-shaft-rotation in one day, and photoelectric sensor can simplify as uniaxial two quadrant forms.Such as Fig. 4 (a)
It is shown baffle-type, two identical solar cells are separated by a block baffle, and Fig. 4 (b) is triangular form, be with section etc.
Based on the triangular prism of lumbar triangle shape, two identical solar cells are tightly attached to symmetrical two sides.When sunlight is oblique
When incident, since baffle forms shade, or it is formed slopely luminous flux difference, causes to export electric current difference on two solar cells,
Only when the photoelectric sensor face sun, two solar cell output phasies are same.Fig. 4 (c) is drum type brake, suitable for reading saturating of cylinder
Sunlight is imaged mirror at cylinder bottom, falls on the identical solar cell in bottom surface two, only when the sun is directly incident, two solar cells
Output phase is same.In comparison, drum type brake light receiver angle is small, but precision is high, and baffle-type or triangular form accepts angle are big,
But precision is low.Use is combined both, precision can be improved, increases search angle.Under normal circumstances with a sensor
Can, if required precision is high, it can be used with a or b combination c, rough tracking can use two sensors of a or b, such as
Every morning can search the sun with a or b wide-angle, be substantially aligned with, be with c sensor since its tracking angle is big
Standard finely tracks, so that tracking accuracy improves.Using such photoelectric sensor, it is defeated to compare two solar cells in sensor
Out, driving motor is controlled by a servo circuit, photoelectric sensor axial direction is adjusted, until two solar cell output phasies
Together, the photoelectric sensor face sun, realization track the purpose of the sun at this time.
According to aforementioned principles, sun sunlight often turns over the angle θ, and all reflecting mirrors, which will synchronize, turns over same θ/2 jiao.Such one
Tens rectangular mirrors need to only install a cogwheeling pursuit system in set Fresnel focusing system, can be arbitrarily installed in one
On reflecting mirror, it can realize that reflecting mirror rotates synchronously with synchronization mechanism system.We, which design, realizes own with worm and gear system
Reflecting mirror is synchronous, as shown in Figure 1, each reflecting mirror is connected on a root long worm screw by the turbine of same specification, by motor
The rotation for driving worm shaft, drives all reflecting mirrors to rotate with same angle.But each reflecting mirror is since locating relative position is different,
Initial angle is different, needs to be configured adjustment according to specific location parameter.Driving motor may be mounted on worm shaft, can also
To be mounted in reflecting mirror rotation axis or solar tracking gear train.
Fig. 5 is the work flow diagram of control circuit and software systems.System work starts, and needs first to detect environmental light intensity,
When surrounding brightness is lower, it is shown to be night or cloudy day, when only daytime, weather was preferable, just carries out solar tracking, threshold value 1
Parameter value is set according to the actual conditions of various regions.When weather is preferable, the defeated of two solar cells in photoelectric sensor is detected
Electric current I1 and I2 out, when the two parameters differ very little, it is believed that the face sun, the parameter value of threshold value 2 are set sensor
A fixed lesser numerical value, size will be set according to the precision of circuit parameter and sensor.If two solar cells
It is larger to export electric current difference, the size for both needing to compare, to control the rotation direction of motor, until the two is close to equal.
It comes back for comparing control next time.
Sunshine tracking gear train of the present invention, using uniaxial reflective tracking, if using as two sets
Gear train controls reflecting mirror in the rotation of two axial directions respectively, and double-axis tracking may be implemented, so as to be used for tower photo-thermal
The tracing control of reflecting mirror in electricity generation system.
The technical means disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited only to technological means disclosed in above embodiment, further includes
Technical solution consisting of any combination of the above technical features.
Claims (2)
1. reflecting mirror sun tracing method in a kind of Fresnel solar-thermal generating system, it is characterised in that: focused in a set of Fresnel
In system, tens rectangular mirrors are connected on a root long worm screw by the turbine of same specification, each reflecting mirror initial bit
Difference is set, the rotation of worm shaft is driven by driving motor, all reflecting mirrors is driven to rotate with same angle；It is fixed with photoelectric sensor
Position and tracking solar azimuth, automatically determine reflecting mirror rotational angle with sunshine tracking gear train；With a set of worm and gear system
All reflecting mirrors are controlled to rotate synchronously；Sun sunlight often turns over the angle θ, and all reflecting mirrors, which will synchronize, turns over same θ/2 jiao, makes anti-
Irradiating light beam is reflected on collector always.
2. reflecting mirror sun tracker in a kind of Fresnel solar-thermal generating system, it is characterised in that: focus system including Fresnel
System, sunshine tracking gear train, photoelectric sensor, control circuit and software systems；
In the Fresnel focusing system, tens rectangular mirrors are connected to a root long worm screw by the turbine of same specification
On, each reflecting mirror initial position is different, the rotation of worm shaft is driven by motor, the sunshine tracking gear train is installed therein
On one reflecting mirror；
The sunshine tracking gear train, there are four gears to form for it,
The number of teeth of gear one is 2 times of two number of teeth of gear, and the number of teeth of gear three and four is equal, coaxial asynchronous, the tooth of gear one and three
Wheel two and four is coaxial and synchronous, and the photoelectric sensor is fixed on gear three, and gear one is fixed in reflecting mirror rotation axis,
Photoelectric sensor is using uniaxial two quadrant forms, using one or several kinds of groups of drum type brake, baffle-type or triangular form
It closes, photoelectric sensor connects driving motor by servo circuit, and the driving motor is mounted on worm shaft, or is mounted on anti-
It penetrates in mirror rotation axis, or is mounted in sunshine tracking gear train, the software systems connect Fresnel focusing system, sunlight
Track gear train, photoelectric sensor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910149754.6A CN109857154B (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | Method and device for tracking sun by reflector in Fresnel photo-thermal power generation system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910149754.6A CN109857154B (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | Method and device for tracking sun by reflector in Fresnel photo-thermal power generation system |
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| CN109857154A true CN109857154A (en) | 2019-06-07 |
| CN109857154B CN109857154B (en) | 2022-03-04 |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN110513896A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-11-29 | 华北理工大学 | Trigone formula thermal-arrest comprehensive system for electric generation based on linear Fresnel lens |
| CN112243757A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-01-22 | 周凤桂 | Complementary modern ecological agricultural device of high-efficient farming light |
| CN114337499A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-12 | 东北大学 | Illumination self-adaptive heat spot prevention shed type photovoltaic power generation device and method |
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| CN112243757A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-01-22 | 周凤桂 | Complementary modern ecological agricultural device of high-efficient farming light |
| CN114337499A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-12 | 东北大学 | Illumination self-adaptive heat spot prevention shed type photovoltaic power generation device and method |
| CN114337499B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2023-10-31 | 东北大学 | Illumination self-adaptive thermal-patch-prevention greenhouse type photovoltaic power generation device and method |
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