CN109856245A - A kind of curved compression of glass reinforced plastic based on empirical mode decomposition damages map quantitative evaluation method - Google Patents
A kind of curved compression of glass reinforced plastic based on empirical mode decomposition damages map quantitative evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of curved compression of glass reinforced plastic based on empirical mode decomposition to damage map quantitative evaluation method, acoustic emission detection signal is handled using empirical mode decomposition method, using the different injury stages of treated the natural mode of vibration component energy map quantitative assessment material.First by mechanics of bending load test, produced acoustic emission signal in different phase glass reinforced plastic bending load damage process is extracted according to curved pressure load deflection curve；Then EMD processing is carried out respectively, calculates each natural mode of vibration component energy map for decompositing and, and analyzes different phase acoustic emission signal TuPu method, and establish the corresponding relationship between them；Finally glass reinforced plastic is damaged according to map and carries out injury stage analysis and quantitative assessment, to realize the quantitative assessment of glass reinforced plastic life-cycle and the purpose of damage alarming.This method applies also for the health monitoring of other reinforcing fiber composite materials, has important practical application value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sound emission field of non destructive testing, the curved pressure of specially a kind of glass reinforced plastic based on empirical mode decomposition is answered
Power damages map quantitative evaluation method.
Background technique
People's needs are made together with synthetic resin material is through certain process combining by glass fiber material in glass reinforced plastic
Material, compare homogenous material, the mechanical performance of the material is optimised.Glass fiber material recent decades have obtained height weight
Depending on being widely used because of its good performance characteristics, especially in fields such as aerospace, ships.The quality of glass reinforced plastic is lighter,
Its density is much smaller compared to the density of general carbon steel, and the only 20%-25% of carbon steel, quality is light, is conducive to install and transport, machine
Tool intensity is very high, and counter-bending and tensile strength can reach even more than some alloy steel materials, and fiber has humidification, Ke Yizeng
The strength and stiffness of strong material, glass fibre is thinner, and the strength of materials is higher, this performance, which is frequently used in mitigation, estimates one's own ability and improve performance
Aspect.
Glass reinforced plastic internal structure is uneven, and fiber is interlaced with resin, and defect is easy to appear in manufacturing process, when to material
It is that can generate local stress to concentrate that material, which applies certain load, so that material structure is unstable, when ess-strain energy focuses on
When certain, there will be high-energy to change to low energy, this transformation will be embodied with various damages.Glass fibre
The main damage mode of material has fibrous fracture, interface debonding, MATRIX CRACKING etc..Glass fiber material has good fatigue resistance
Can, it is different from metal material, glass reinforced plastic is gradually destroyed by after plus load, and the matrix and fibre structure of material internal can inhibit
Phenomena such as crackle spreads the phenomenon that with self-recovery, while having layering, is layered and extends downwards, MATRIX CRACKING and fibrous fracture produces
It is raw, until material is entirely ineffective.In existing lossless detection method, there are commonly rays with regard to detection method, and supersonic testing method is red
Outer thermal imaging etc..Still there is certain limitation in these common methods, the field for having it to be good at.Limitation common to it
Property be that glass reinforced plastic cannot be carried out real-time In-service testing, the real-time health status of material can not be assessed.Sound emission
Detection method can react the health status of glass fiber material in real time.Acoustic emission detection is to glass fibre material during one's term of military service
It has a wide range of applications in terms of material component health evaluating.
The phenomenon that acoustic emission phenomenon is a kind of stress wave that object issues, many materials occur by certain load
Deformation or during cracking all can acoustic emission phenomenon, but the stress wave that most of material issues is very faint
, human ear can't hear, and need just receive this stress wave by delicate.In the fifties in last century, sound emission skill
Art causes the attention of numerous engineers and technicians and starts to be studied, and German Josef Kaiser is earliest to several metal materials
The acoustic emission phenomenon of material specifically have studied and obtained material its acoustic emission phenomenon during stress and deformation
Irreversible effect, referred to as Kaiser effect, this effect may be summarized to be when to generate sound emission existing carrying out load period for material
As, if it is desired to so that the condition that acoustic emission phenomenon occurs again for material is exactly that material when acoustic emission phenomenon occurs before load is more than
The suffered load of material.Until Lawrence Livermore research institute, the U.S. in 1976 is the glass of matrix to epoxy resin
Fibre pres container has carried out a large amount of basic research including failure analysis.The 80s and 90s in last century U.S. and Japan
Acoustic emission is first application on the component of glass fiber material by people.At home, the sound emission of glass fiber material is examined
Survey is concentrated mainly in Acoustic emission signal processing, and Daqing Petroleum Institute professor Li Wei passes through the drawing process to wound fiberglass-reinforced plastic
Real-time online acoustic emission monitor(ing), collected sound emission time-domain signal is analyzed using wavelet method.
Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is to be put forward for the first time by Norden E. Huang et al. for 1998, is that one kind is suitable for locating
Non-linear, non-stationary signal method is managed, it is by using three times that it is similar to wavelet analysis, but does not need to define basic function
Spline interpolation makes time scale with the local feature adjust automatically of data, signal detail information is successively obtained, by a series of narrow
With steady natural mode of vibration component (IMF) and a residual error characterization, therefore it is with very high frequency resolution, with other methods
Compare, it is a kind of adaptive Time Frequency Analysis method without any priori knowledge.
Different phase of the glass fiber material in the damage process after stress can issue a large amount of acoustic emission signal, these
Signal contains the damage information of a large amount of material.It is handled and is analyzed by the acoustic emission signal to different injury stages,
Characteristic information is extracted, it can be found that its inner link between material damage overall process, to obtain the glass reinforced plastic damage life-cycle
Quantitative evaluation method is realized to glass reinforced plastic health status Real-Time Evaluation.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to the monitoring needs of glass fibre reinforced plastic structure health status, propose a kind of based on empirical modal point
The curved compression of the glass reinforced plastic of solution damages map quantitative evaluation method, handles acoustic emission signal by empirical mode decomposition method and counts
It calculates natural mode of vibration component energy map and the institute of glass reinforced plastic is reflected according to the corresponding relationship of TuPu method and different injury stages
The mechanics stage at place and the degree of impairment of quantitative assessment material.
Technical solution of the present invention: a kind of curved compression of glass reinforced plastic based on empirical mode decomposition damages map quantitative assessment
Method, glass reinforced plastic, using acoustic emission testing technology, extract in whole process in the overall process damaged by curved compressive load
Generated acoustic emission signal；Since glass reinforced plastic is mainly made of resin and fiber, with two kinds of materials of resin and fiber
Mechanical characteristic, shows as a brittleness of existing resin, and shows as the toughness of fiber, and force diagram and damage overall-process are existing
As complexity；The different collected acoustic emission signals of injury stage, analysis meter are handled by using empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method
The natural mode of vibration component energy map calculated, and corresponding relationship is established with each injury stage, reach and is monitored according to energy map
The purpose of glass reinforced plastic health status is realized and damages raw life-cycle quantitative assessment to glass reinforced plastic；It is characterized in that method and step is as follows:
Step 1: glass reinforced plastic mechanical test test block is prepared；
Step 2: curved compression load and acoustic emission monitor(ing) signal extraction；
Step 3: according to the curved pressure load deflection change curve of monitoring overall process, entire damage process is divided into four-stage: elasticity
Stage, yielding stage, failure stage and fracture stage；
Step 4: according to above-mentioned TuPu method, the corresponding relationship between map and injury stage is established, and be applied to the damage of glass reinforced plastic
Hurt in overall process evaluation, the different injury stages of glass reinforced plastic can be evaluated by acoustic emission signal TuPu method, realizes to glass
The quantitative assessment of steel damage overall-process.
Further, the test block in the step 1 is according to [0 °/90 °] ply sequence, having a size of the mm of 290 mm × 30 ×
11 mm。
Further, the step 2, specific steps are as follows:
(1) glass reinforced plastic test block prepared by step 1 is symmetrically placed on curved pressure loading equipemtn, both ends pivot distance is 200
Mm, i.e. pivot distance test block center are 100 mm；
(2) a pair of of acoustic emission sensor is arranged according to central symmetry mode in test block, sensor spacing is 120 mm, i.e., two
A sensor distance test block center is 60 mm；
(3) after getting out acoustic emission detection apparatus, start to load, loading velocity is 1 mm/min, and acoustic emission detection apparatus is same
When start to detect, monitor and extract the acoustic emission signal in entire loading procedure, until test block fracture failure, loading equipemtn stops
Work.
Further, the step 3 method particularly includes:
Elastic stage does not have obvious acoustic emission signal, is handled using empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method in yielding stage, failure rank
Collected acoustic emission signal, calculates each natural mode of vibration component energy map for decompositing and, goes forward side by side when section and fracture stage
Row comparative analysis,
It was found that only single natural mode of vibration component energy protrusion reaches 19, other natural mode of vibration in the signal map of yielding stage
Component energy is generally lower；
In the signal map of failure stage, before energy concentrates in several natural mode of vibration components, but energy value difference is unobvious,
And several natural mode of vibration component energies are close to 0 below；
In the fracture stage, whole natural mode of vibration component energy values are all higher, and up to 130, Energy distribution is average.
The present invention has the special feature that compared with prior art: acoustic emission testing technology is a kind of Real-time and Dynamic Detection skill
Art, predominantly detecting object is isotropic metal material (iron, aluminium, copper etc.), and the velocity of sound of all directions is more stable, and sound wave passes
It is simple to broadcast path, research has tended to be mature.But anisotropy glass reinforced plastic non-uniform for internal structure, both at home and abroad also not
Find the dynamic detection and evaluation method of such material.The degree of impairment of material can be monitored in real time in the present invention, using by passing through
Mode decomposition processing acoustic emission signal is tested, and calculates each natural mode of vibration component energy map, glass reinforced plastic can be clearly distinguished
The four-stage of material damage by curved compressive load realizes the quantitative assessment to glass reinforced plastic damage overall-process.It is this fixed
The health monitoring that evaluation method is suitable for such reinforcing fiber composite material is measured, there is important practical application in engineering detecting
Value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the dimensional drawing of glass reinforced plastic test block of the present invention；
Fig. 1 a is glass reinforced plastic test block main view of the invention, and Fig. 1 b is glass reinforced plastic test block right view of the invention;
Fig. 2 is glass reinforced plastic test block Mechanical loading of the present invention and sensor distribution schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the load mechanics curve graph that test block of the present invention carries out Mechanical loading process;
Fig. 4 is yielding stage natural mode of vibration component energy map of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is failure stage natural mode of vibration component energy map of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is fracture stage natural mode of vibration component energy map of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Experiment monitors mechanical behavior of the glass reinforced plastic test block under curved compressive load using acoustic emission detector in real time,
Have found damage phenomenon of the glass reinforced plastic under curved compressive load and the inner link with sound emission signal characteristic, and as according to
According to carrying out quantitative assessment to the damage of glass reinforced plastic, specific embodiment is as follows:
Glass reinforced plastic test block is prepared, test block matrix uses 430 resins, and braided glass fibre cloth is reinforcing fiber.The design of the test block
" GB/T1446-2005 fibre reinforced plastics test method general provisions " are referred to the scheme of production.Testing test block is [0 °/90 °] pavings
Layer, with a thickness of 11mm.Specific size is as shown in Figure 1, wherein L is test block length, and b is test block width, and h is test block thickness.With reference to
State's dimensioning sets test block parameter as h=11 mm, b=30 mm, L=290 mm.
Then the glass reinforced plastic test block prepared is symmetrically placed on curved pressure loading equipemtn, both ends pivot distance is
200mm, i.e. pivot distance test block center (i.e. loading position) are 100 mm.Simultaneously according to central symmetry mode cloth in test block
A pair of of acoustic emission sensor is set, centre frequency is 800 kHz, and it is 0 ~ 1 MHz that useful signal, which receives frequency, and sensor spacing is
120mm, i.e., two sensor distance test block centers are 60 mm, specific as shown in Figure 2.
It connects the sensor on preamplifier, and it is 40 dB that amplifier parameter, which is arranged, while setting acquisition system
Parameter, sound emission instrument threshold value are transferred to 20 dB, 10 kHz of analog filter lower limit value, analog filter upper limit value wave 2
MHz, 5 MSPS of shape sample rate, peak value define 30 μ s of time, hit and define 50 μ s of time, hit 100 μ s of blocking time, if
Surely acoustic emission signal all-wave graphic data is acquired.
After acoustic emission detection apparatus is ready to, start to load with curved pressure loading equipemtn loading position in Fig. 2, loading velocity
It is set as 1 mm/min, while acoustic emission detection apparatus also starts to acquire monitoring signals, extracts material in entire loading procedure and damage
Hurt the acoustic emission signal issued, until test block fracture failure, loading equipemtn stop working.
After Mechanical loading, according to the curved compressive load force diagram of monitoring overall process, as shown in fig. 3, it was found that entire damage
The process of wound can be divided into four-stage: elastic stage (0-706 s), yielding stage (706-817 s), failure stage (817-
1020 s) and fracture stage (after 1020 s).Since elastic stage does not have obvious acoustic emission signal, empirical modal is used
(EMD) method of decomposition handles the collected acoustic emission signal at yielding stage, failure stage and fracture stage respectively, calculates
It decomposites each natural mode of vibration component energy map come as shown in Figure 4-Figure 6 to compare and analyze these maps, discovery exists
Yielding stage, load force diagram first go up by lower fall behind, and the surface contacted in test block at this time with pressure head starts fragmentation, the stage
Signal energy map in discovery only single natural mode of vibration component energy protrusion reach 19, other natural mode of vibration component energies are general
All over lower；In failure stage, load force diagram falls again and in monotonic decreasing, and test block internal injury aggravates at this time, the rank
Before discovery energy concentrates in the signal energy map of section in several natural mode of vibration components, but energy value difference is unobvious, and
Several natural mode of vibration component energies are close to 0 below；In the fracture stage, load force diagram occurs cliff of displacement formula and falls, the big portion of test block
Divide matrix to be broken with fiber, find that whole natural mode of vibration component energy values are all higher in the signal energy map in the stage,
Up to 130, Energy distribution is average.
Finally according to above-mentioned TuPu method, the corresponding relationship between map and injury stage is established, and be applied to glass reinforced plastic
In damage overall-process evaluation, the different injury stages of glass reinforced plastic can be evaluated by acoustic emission signal TuPu method, realized to glass
The quantitative assessment of glass steel damage overall-process, to achieve the purpose that monitor glass reinforced plastic life-cycle damage alarming.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of curved compression of glass reinforced plastic based on empirical mode decomposition damages map quantitative evaluation method, glass reinforced plastic is by curved pressure
Load and in the overall process damaged, using acoustic emission testing technology, extract generated acoustic emission signal in whole process；
The different collected acoustic emission signals of injury stage are handled by using empirical mode decomposition method, analytical calculation comes out intrinsic
Modal components energy map, and corresponding relationship is established with each injury stage, it realizes and raw life-cycle quantitative assessment is damaged to glass reinforced plastic；
It is characterized in that method and step is as follows:
Step 1: glass reinforced plastic mechanical test test block is prepared；
Step 2: curved compression load and acoustic emission monitor(ing) signal extraction；
Step 3: according to the curved pressure load deflection change curve of monitoring overall process, entire damage process is divided into four-stage: elasticity
Stage, yielding stage, failure stage and fracture stage；
Step 4: according to above-mentioned TuPu method, the corresponding relationship between map and injury stage is established, and be applied to the damage of glass reinforced plastic
Hurt in overall process evaluation, the different injury stages of glass reinforced plastic can be evaluated by acoustic emission signal TuPu method, realizes to glass
The quantitative assessment of steel damage overall-process.
2. the curved compression of a kind of glass reinforced plastic based on empirical mode decomposition according to claim 1 damages map quantitative assessment
Method, it is characterised in that: the test block in the step 1 according to [0 °/90 °] ply sequence, having a size of the mm of 290 mm × 30 ×
11 mm。
3. the curved compression of a kind of glass reinforced plastic based on empirical mode decomposition according to claim 1 damages map quantitative assessment
Method, it is characterised in that: the step 2, specific steps are as follows:
(1) glass reinforced plastic test block prepared by step 1 is symmetrically placed on curved pressure loading equipemtn, both ends pivot distance is 200
Mm, i.e. pivot distance test block center are 100 mm；
(2) a pair of of acoustic emission sensor is arranged according to central symmetry mode in test block, sensor spacing is 120 mm, i.e., two
A sensor distance test block center is 60 mm；
(3) after getting out acoustic emission detection apparatus, start to load, loading velocity is 1 mm/min, and acoustic emission detection apparatus is same
When start to detect, monitor and extract the acoustic emission signal in entire loading procedure, until test block fracture failure, loading equipemtn stops
Work.
4. the curved compression of a kind of glass reinforced plastic based on empirical mode decomposition according to claim 1 damages map quantitative assessment
Method, it is characterised in that: the step 3 method particularly includes:
Elastic stage does not have obvious acoustic emission signal, is handled using empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method in yielding stage, failure rank
Collected acoustic emission signal, calculates each natural mode of vibration component energy map for decompositing and, goes forward side by side when section and fracture stage
Row comparative analysis；
It was found that only single natural mode of vibration component energy protrusion reaches 19, other natural mode of vibration in the signal map of yielding stage
Component energy is generally lower；
In the signal map of failure stage, before energy concentrates in several natural mode of vibration components, but energy value difference is unobvious,
And several natural mode of vibration component energies are close to 0 below；
In the fracture stage, whole natural mode of vibration component energy values are all higher, and up to 130, Energy distribution is average.
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