CN109854216A - The layered water injection method of water injection well depositing distributed communication - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of layered water injection methods of water injection well depositing distributed communication, ground control system includes well head control main website and intelligent water adjusting valve, well head controls main website by GPRS antenna and surveys the progress two-way communication of tune center, it surveys tune center and sends a command to well head control main website, well head control main website encodes the order for being sent to underground, and intelligent water adjusting valve is controlled after coding and realizes that the height variation of flow generates corresponding downlink traffic wave；Each downhole water flow regulator substation activates simultaneously, receive downlink traffic wave and decode after, control each layer water nozzle and by the order of main website while being filled the water respectively；When each downhole water flow regulator substation uploads data, first encoded, then it realizes that the height of flow changes to form corresponding uplink traffic wave by this layer of water nozzle of control, after well head control main website receives uplink traffic wave, required Data Concurrent is obtained after decoding and gives survey tune center.This method can realize each layer in underground while carry out waterflooding adjustment, improve production efficiency.

Description

The layered water injection method of water injection well depositing distributed communication

Technical field

The present invention relates to the separate water injection well of petroleum gas field more particularly to a kind of water injection well depositing are distributed The layered water injection method of communication belongs to separate zone waterflooding technology field.

Background technique

Seperated layer water injection is controlled by the packing of packer and the water nozzle of injection well downhole flow regulator to implement to fill the water, and senior middle school's low permeability formation is made Water filling effect is all played, to realize that adjustment oil field interlayer contradiction improves a technological measure of waterflood sweep efficiency.Stone at present The oily common decreasing water distribution method of engineering field mainly has traditional water distribution of retrievable type, deploys when surveying water and relatively advanced/long-acting Wireless pressure/flow waves, which are surveyed, adjusts decreasing water distribution method.

Long-acting wireless flow wave survey allotment water system every layer of underground one intelligent watering device of correspondence (inside be equipped with measure, Execute and communication agency), up and down use packer packing every；Ground be equipped with well head water distribution control station (have ground data acquisition, under Up to water distribution adjustment order to every layer of injection well downhole flow regulator, receive the data information function that every layer of underground injection well downhole flow regulator is sent), multiple underground water distributions Device and well head water distribution control station two-way communication, which are realized, matches water management and monitoring, and the numerous well head water distribution control station networkings in oil field are realized complete Net well water distribution allotment and monitoring.

It surveys tune center and water distribution adjustment order, this layer of injection well downhole flow regulator is assigned to underground layer injection well downhole flow regulator by well head water distribution control station After receiving water distribution adjustment order, is signed for well head water distribution control station feedback, sign for unsuccessful, survey tune center and assign the layer again Water distribution adjust order, until its confirmation signs for；After upper one layer of water distribution adjustment order confirmation is signed for, survey tune center is assigned next again The water distribution of layer adjusts order, and such each layer successively executes water distribution adjustment order.Well head water distribution control station is corresponding with each layer in underground Communication between injection well downhole flow regulator takes long time, and every layer of assigning for water distribution adjustment order needs time-consuming 10~20 minutes, and the allotment time is too It is long, affect timeliness.

Further, since the data that downhole water flow regulator uploads in real time are more, downhole water flow regulator uploads the communication code consumption of data When it is also more so that every layer data, which uploads, needs time-consuming 45 minutes or so.Oil low particularly with permeability, water imbibition is bad Layer, the movement of downhole water flow regulator is small to pressure influence, so that the parsing difficulty of the propagation of signal, detection and data increases, significantly The testing time is extended, production requirement is not adapted to.

Publication No. CN 107503720A discloses a kind of device and method using flow waves regulation seperated layer water injection, adopts With two sets of coding methods.The coding of ground installation includes floor position number and data command, and coding rule is in specific time interval The transition times for controlling flow, according to the different transmitting different instructions of transition times.The coding of downhole water flow regulator take start bit, Data segment, stop bits are combined, and wherein each data of data segment all occupy 10 coding time interval N, if a certain interval Become high, then the order at this interval represents this numerical value.Disregard start bit and stop bits, it is assumed that transmitting data are 2 Decimal number " 46 ", the then time consumed needed for communication are 20N, and current practical application, returned data is disappeared to the ground for underground The time of consumption is long, for the well depth of three kms, uploads a layer data and takes around 45 minutes；Flow waves present it is low → high → Low → high → low, water nozzle needs to act four times, and movement energy consumption is bigger, and water nozzle service life is short, down-hole battery kwh loss Greatly.

Once the electricity decaying of down-hole battery is to a certain extent, then well replacement battery must be played, thousands of meters of tubing string needs Section by section from well head out, after new battery installation, tubing string needs are gone into the well again section by section, are gone into the well for each and are needed to expend several days time, Maintenance and labor workload are very big, and are easy to appear chance failure.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to overcome problems of the prior art, a kind of water injection well depositing distribution is provided The layered water injection method of formula communication sets up well head control main website and is grouped and communicates with each intelligent watering device in underground, with broadcaster Formula sends order, realizes that each layer in underground carries out waterflooding adjustment simultaneously, improves production efficiency.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the seperated layer water injection side of a kind of water injection well depositing distributed communication of the invention Method is equipped with intelligent watering device corresponding with each water filling layer on water injection string, and each fill the water mutually is divided between layer by packer Every in well head installation ground control system, the ground control system includes well head control main website and intelligent water adjusting valve, and underground is each Intelligent watering device is respectively as downhole water flow regulator substation；Well head controls main website by GPRS antenna and surveys tune center progress two-way Letter surveys tune center and sends a command to well head control main website, and well head control main website encodes the order for being sent to underground, encodes Intelligent water adjusting valve is controlled afterwards realizes that the height variation of flow generates corresponding downlink traffic wave；Swash simultaneously each downhole water flow regulator substation It is living, receive downlink traffic wave and decode after, control each layer water nozzle and by the order of main website while being filled the water respectively；Each underground water distribution It when device substation uploads data, is first encoded, then realizes that the height of flow changes to be formed accordingly by this layer of water nozzle of control Uplink traffic wave after well head control main website receives uplink traffic wave, obtains required Data Concurrent and gives in survey tune after decoding The heart.

Compared with the existing technology, the present invention achieves following the utility model has the advantages that based on terrestrial wireless communication network, surveys tune center It can in real time or timing surveys each well head control main website wireless transmission and adjusts order, each layer data in underground that each well head control main website obtains Information, which can be wirelessly sent to, surveys tune center.Each well head control main website is primary by the water distribution adjustment order of each layer in underground with broadcast mode Property send go into the well, the water distribution adjustment order with downlink traffic wave reach underground after, each downhole water flow regulator substation respectively receives, solves Code, and adjust separately the aperture of respective water nozzle, realize each layer while carrying out waterflooding adjustment.The waterflooding adjustment of each layer eliminates waiting Upper one layer receives order and feeds back the time signed for tune center is surveyed, and the two-way communication for sending order has been become one-way communication, Reduce two-way communication number, improves production efficiency.

As an improvement of the present invention, the coding of downlink traffic wave by " underground activation code+substation ID code+command type code+under Pass data+main website check code " composition；Wherein command type code is 0 or 1, and the subsequent down-transmitting data of command type code 0 is " water distribution Adjustment ", the subsequent down-transmitting data of command type code 1 are " configuration and order ".After " underground activation code " reaches underground, each underground is matched Hydrophone substation is activated simultaneously, and the order for receiving each layer is distinguished by " substation ID code ".When command type code is 0, show this Received layer is " water distribution adjustment " data, and " water distribution adjustment " data include duration etc. lasting under water nozzle aperture and certain aperture, should Downhole water flow regulator substation adjusts the aperture of water nozzle accordingly.When command type code be 1 when, show this layer it is received be " configuration and life Enable " data, such as order timing or upload data at once, full information, middle information or necessary information are uploaded, water nozzle etc. is closed.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the coding of uplink traffic wave is by " substation ID code+upload data+substation verifies Code " composition is divided into full information, middle information or necessary information according to " configuration and the order " of downlink traffic wave wherein uploading data, Full information includes pressure, temperature and data on flows, and middle information includes pressure and data on flows, and necessary information includes pressure difference data. " substation ID code " shows the identity of the substation, and upload data are one of full information, middle information or necessary information, according to " matching Set and order " as defined in depending on type；Well head, which controls main website, can calculate corresponding stream according to the pressure difference data of necessary information Amount.After bit address substation uploads end of data code before substation in relatively rear bit address detects, start to upload one's own department or unit substation Data are realized and upload data by command sequences and type.

As a further improvement of the present invention, each downhole water flow regulator substation is by " configuration and order " timing or order in real time Pass data；Well head control main website receives by " configuration and order " timing and temporal data or order receive data in real time, and forwards Survey tune center.In practical application, in most cases periodically to upload data, such as selection night upload data, avoid surveying in tune Realize the dislocation on call duration time the daytime that the heart may issue an order；The data that night uploads are temporarily stored in well head control main website, Moment reading is carried out for surveying tune center daytime, the data dump kept in after reading.In special circumstances, surveying tune center can say the word It is required that uploading data in real time, read immediately after upload.

As a further improvement of the present invention, " underground activation in the whole codings and downlink traffic wave of uplink traffic wave The subsequent coding of code " is all made of start bit, data segment and stop bits and is combined, and start bit and stop bits are high flow conditions, Each data n of data segment is indicated that wherein 1T is behind nT and opposite with nT presentation by nT+1T time quantum Flow status.Disregard start bit and stop bits, it is assumed that transmitting data are 2 decimal numbers " 46 ", then consume needed for communication Time is 4T+1T+6T+1T=12T, compared with traditional code bits per inch word occupies 10T, saves communication elapsed time percentage are as follows: (20-12)/20=40%.Low → high → low variation is presented in flow waves, and water nozzle needs act twice, and movement energy consumption reduces half, Water nozzle service life extends to twice.Limiting case one: if transmission data are 2 decimal numbers " 00 ", disappear needed for communication The time of consumption is 0T+1T+0T+1T=12T, saves communication elapsed time percentage are as follows: (20-2)/20=90%.Limiting case two: If transmission data are 2 decimal numbers " 99 ", the time consumed needed for communicating is 9T+1T+9T+1T=20T, saves communication Elapsed time percentage are as follows: (20-20)/20=0%.It can be seen that the characteristics of this coding, acts energy consumption for variable period and saving；By Underground can save the time 90%, substantially increase communication efficiency to well head transmitted traffic wave signal, maximum；Water nozzle movement reduces one Half, service life extends one times；More importantly the movement energy consumption of water nozzle also reduces half, and the service life of battery extends one Times, it has reduced to go into the well and has replaced the number of battery, significantly reduced workload, improve production efficiency.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the ground control system further includes coming water conduit tube and water injection pipe, described next Water conduit tube is connected with water branch pipe, and water manual switch valve is equipped on the water branch pipe, the water manual switch valve Upstream is equipped with upstream pressure transmitter, and the downstream of the water manual switch valve is equipped with the intelligent water adjusting valve, the intelligence Energy water adjusting valve is equipped with flow sensor, and the downstream connection of the intelligence water adjusting valve has water filling manual switch valve, and the water filling is manual The outlet of switch valve connects the water injection pipe, the cross between the intelligence water transfer valve outlet and the water filling manual switch valve inlet Downstream pressure transmitter, the signal of the upstream pressure transmitter, downstream pressure transmitter and intelligent water adjusting valve are installed on pipe Line is connected with well head control main website；Bypass drainpipe is connected on the water injection pipe, the bypass drainpipe enters Mouth is equipped with electronic relief valve；The back side of well head control main website is equipped with vertical supports, is fixed with card in the vertical supports Hoop, the clip are embraced in the outlet standpipe of the intelligent water adjusting valve.Well head control may be implemented by vertical supports and clip The installation on the spot of main website, and adjustable position.After opening water manual switch valve and water filling manual switch valve, water flow is along water Main pipe and water branch pipe enter intelligent water adjusting valve, and water injection pipe is entered after intelligent water transfer valve regulation, and upstream pressure transmitter can be with It detects the pressure of intelligent water adjusting valve upstream and is transferred to well head control main website, downstream pressure transmitter can detecte intelligent water adjusting valve The pressure in downstream is simultaneously transferred to well head control main website, and well head control main website sends control signal to adjust opening for intelligent regulating valve It closes, to control injection flow.When intelligent water adjusting valve from it is fully closed switch to standard-sized sheet when, well head pressure increases simultaneously with flow, shape The height encoded at flow；When intelligent water adjusting valve switches to fully closed from standard-sized sheet, geostatic pressure reduces simultaneously with flow, forms flow What is encoded is low, is thusly-formed flow waves, downlink traffic wave is sent to intelligent watering device, reaches the regulation to water injection rate.Intelligence is matched Hydrophone is by switch tap or changes water nozzle aperture formation flow waves, and uplink traffic wave is acquired and sent by downstream pressure transmitter Main website is controlled to well head, well head control main website parses uplink traffic wave, so realizes pair of ground installation and downhole instrument To flow wave communication.In underground, seepage of water is bad, when causing pressure that can not reduce, can open electronic relief valve and quickly be let out The small then flow of the pressure difference of pressure, well head and underground reduces, and reaches the low of flow coding with this.

As a further improvement of the present invention, power supply unit is equipped in well head control main website, ground controls chip, number According to acquisition unit, signal processing unit and GPRS digital transmission module, the signal receiving end of the data acquisition unit respectively with it is described Upstream pressure transmitter, downstream pressure transmitter are connected with the signal wire of intelligent water adjusting valve, the pressure of the data acquisition unit Flow signal output end is connected with the pressure flow signal receiving end of the signal processing unit, the signal processing unit and institute Ground control chip both-way communication connection is stated, the ground control chip is connect with the GPRS digital transmission module both-way communication, institute It states GPRS digital transmission module to connect with GPRS antenna, the control signal output of the signal processing unit and the intelligent water adjusting valve Signal wire connection；The signal processing unit also passes through communication interface and is connected with touch screen, and the signal processing unit is equipped with 24V output end, the 24V output end are connected with the power supply line of the electronic relief valve.Ground control chip also passes through GPRS number The real time datas such as pressure, temperature, flow are sent to oil field and survey tune monitoring center, real-time display well head by transmission module and GPRS antenna Data achieve the purpose that remotely to monitor commissioning.When coding, the GPRS digital transmission module in well head control main website is connect by GPRS antenna It receives oil field and surveys the instruction for adjusting monitoring center, when instruction is reads downhole data, send control signal to adjust intelligent adjusting The switch of valve forms the high and low variation of pressure and flow by the switch of intelligent regulating valve, realizes the signaling function of flow wave communication Energy.After intelligent watering device receives ground signal, return flow wave code solves close echo code to well head, well head control main website Analysis.When receiving code, by reading the pressure data of downstream pressure transmitter and reading the data on flows on intelligent regulating valve, when being higher than It is high impulse when a certain threshold value, is low pulse when being lower than a certain threshold value, the receipts code process of flow wave communication is completed with this, according to about Determine protocol contents received wave code is parsed to obtain downhole data, completes the bi-directional communication function on ground and underground.It touches Screen can carry out the scene display of data；In underground, seepage of water is bad, when causing pressure that can not reduce, signal processing unit output 24V gives electronic relief valve, opens it and carries out quick pressure releasing, the coding of low discharge is reached with this.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the intelligent watering device includes the water distribution top connection of coaxial line, outer protection tube, matches The lower end periphery of water central tube and water distribution lower contact, the water distribution top connection is screwed in the upper port of the outer protection tube, described The upper periphery of water distribution lower contact is screwed in the lower port of the outer protection tube, and the lower port of the water distribution central tube is pressed in described The top of water distribution lower contact, be equipped in the middle part of the water distribution lower contact with centre bore perforation and the adjustable water nozzle of aperture, it is described The external port of water nozzle is covered with anti-return and spits cover；Water nozzle control mechanism, the water distribution central tube are installed in the water distribution lower contact Top and the water distribution top connection between be equipped with inner protective tube, the internal diameter of the inner protective tube is equal with the internal diameter of water distribution central tube, The upper and lower ends of the inner protective tube are respectively equipped with the inner protective tube flange collar outwardly protruded, install in the cavity between two inner protective tube flange collars There is underground control unit；The lower end of the water distribution top connection is pressed in the outer step of inner protective tube flange collar, lower inner protective tube flange collar Lower end surface is uniformly distributed there are four flange collar groove, is embedded with upper seal support, the inner edge of each upper seal support in each flange collar groove respectively It is pressed respectively against the upper port of the water distribution central tube；In annulus between the water distribution central tube and the outer protection tube uniformly Four mounting posts axially extended are installed, the upper end of each mounting post is separately fixed on corresponding upper seal support.With waterborne tie The effect of head is connection outer protection tube and inner protective tube, and the oil pipe column for connection top provides standard interface；The effect of outer protection tube It is isolation oil pipe external pressure and fluid, and provides lower pulling force in bearing capacity and oil pipe, protection instrument safety for instrument；Water distribution center Pipe is oily overpressure and fluid, and provides channel for lower layer's fluid and other loggers；Water distribution lower contact connects outer protection tube With water distribution central tube, and fluid course entrance and exit is provided for water nozzle, and connect water nozzle, while connection tests envelope detection pipe nipple simultaneously Pressure tappings are provided for it, the also oil pipe column for connection lower section provides standard interface.Underground control unit is along inner protective tube and outer shield Arrangement of cavities between pipe, it is compact-sized, the aperture of water nozzle is accurately adjusted by water nozzle control mechanism, to adjust water filling side Amount.Anti- return spits cover and does not influence to fill the water, and can prevent downhole debris from entering water nozzle.When water nozzle from it is fully closed switch to standard-sized sheet when, Water injection pressure increases simultaneously with flow, forms the height of flow coding；When water nozzle switches to fully closed from standard-sized sheet, water injection pressure and stream It measures while reducing, form the low of flow coding, be thusly-formed downhole flow wave, downhole flow wave is returned up, controlled by ground The downstream pressure transmitter of system acquires and is sent to well head control main website, and well head control main website parses downhole flow wave, such as This realizes the bidirectional traffics wave communication of ground installation and downhole instrument.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the lower end of the first, second and third mounting post is separately fixed at the water distribution lower contact On, the envelope of testing that the lower end of the first mounting post is equipped with receivable well head control main website flow waves signal detects pipe nipple, the second installation The middle section of column is equipped with the motor-driven mechanism for controlling the water nozzle control mechanism actuation time and direction, motor-driven mechanism by It controls in the underground control unit, the signal input part of the underground control unit and the signal for testing envelope detection pipe nipple export End electrical connection.Four mounting posts will test envelope detection pipe nipple and motor-driven mechanism is separately mounted to the out of phase of annulus On, it can reduce the overall dimension of injection well downhole flow regulator, and the water distribution central tube of larger interior diameter can be used, in order to tester The passage of device.The pressure sensor for testing envelope detection pipe nipple receives the flow waves signal of downlink and is transferred to underground control unit, together When test the case where envelope detection pipe nipple also measures in pipe actual pressure and manages outer actual pressure, come in conjunction with related algorithm to packer into Row tests envelope, and the pressure real data inside and outside pipe is also fed back to underground control unit.It is short that envelope detection is tested in control unit reception in underground The signal of section, storage each unit algorithm data and control program, calculate the data on flows of water nozzle；Pass through motor-driven mechanism control The actuation time of water nozzle control mechanism processed and direction to adjust the opening value size of water nozzle water outlet, and then are accurately adjusted This layer of water filling side's amount, while being sent by opening, being closed water nozzle water outlet formation downhole flow wave direction ground control system.It tests Signal cable between envelope detection pipe nipple and underground control unit is walked along the inner cavity of the first mounting post, lower inner protective tube flange collar and upper Seal receptacle is equipped with axial hole and passes through for signal cable.The injection well downhole flow regulator, which once constructs to meet for a long time, tests envelope, water filling and pressure The functional tests such as power landing.

As a further improvement of the present invention, oriented underground control unit, motor-driven mechanism are installed in the 4th mounting post The integrated power supply unit of power supply is provided with envelope detection pipe nipple is tested, the periphery of the integrated power supply unit is equipped with outside power supply unit and protects Shell, the outer rim of the upper seal support are pressed in the upper port of said supply unit outer protecting shell, the lower end of said supply unit outer protecting shell Bottom sealing socket is equipped between mouth and the outer wall of the water distribution central tube, the lower end of the 4th mounting post is fixed on the lower sealing On seat.Integrated power supply unit provides electric power safeguard for each movement mechanism and electronic component, carry integrate power supply unit can be with Make the injection well downhole flow regulator for a long time in underground work, and carries out ground and under-well bi-directional transmission using flow waves.Upper seal support is close under Envelope seat ensures the sealing of power supply unit outer protecting shell upper and lower port.

Detailed description of the invention

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, attached drawing only provide with reference to Illustrate to use, it is non-to limit the present invention.

Fig. 1 is the tubular column structure schematic diagram of seperated layer water injection of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the main view of packer in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged view of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is the perspective view of ground control system in the present invention.

Fig. 5 is the working principle diagram that well head controls main website in Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is the main view of intelligent watering device in Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is that Fig. 6 removes the left view after outer protection tube.

Fig. 8 is the coding schematic diagram in the present invention.

In figure: A. hydraulic anchor；B. intelligent watering device；C. packer；D. centralizer；E. check valve；F. screen casing；G. silk plug； H. casing hanger；G1. carry out water conduit tube；G2. water branch pipe；G3. water injection pipe；G4. drainpipe is bypassed；P1. upstream pressure pick-up Device；P2. downstream pressure transmitter；V1. water manual switch valve；V2. intelligent water adjusting valve；V3. manual switch valve is filled the water；V4. electric Dynamic relief valve；K1. well head controls main website；K1a. vertical supports；K1b. clip.

1. packer top connection；2. unsealing shear pin；3. balancing fluid cylinder；4. dummy piston；5. packer central tube；5a. is sat Seal inlet opening；5b. packer central tube drain hole；5c. packer central tube undergauge section；6. switching fluid cylinder；6a. backwash water inlet Hole；7. switch plunger；7a. switch plunger reduced diameter section；7b. switch plunger water-flowing trough；8. backwash piston seat；9. backwash piston is close Seal ring；10. backwash piston pressure ring；11. backwash piston；12. spring；13. packing element upper pressing cap；14. expanding packing element；15. under packing element Pressure cap；16. sealing screw；17. lower pressing cap O-ring；18. packer lower contact.

19. water nozzle；20. anti-return spits cover；21. water distribution top connection；22. outer protection tube；23. water distribution central tube；24. inner protective tube； The upper inner protective tube flange collar of 24a.；Inner protective tube flange collar under 24b.；25. upper seal support；26. water nozzle control mechanism；27. motor driven machine Structure；28. testing envelope detection pipe nipple；29. underground control unit；30. integrated power supply unit；30a. power supply unit outer protecting shell；31. first Mounting post；32. the second mounting post；33. third mounting post；34. the 4th mounting post；35. bottom sealing socket；36. water distribution lower contact.

Specific embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, water injection string of the invention is plugged on the inner cavity of small casing, the upper end of small casing is hung by casing Device H is suspended on the inner wall of big casing, and the top of small casing and straight greatly by reducer union and tubing string is stretched out in the upper end of water injection string Diameter section is connected, and tubing string enlarged diameter section is fixed on the inner cavity of big casing, position corresponding with oil reservoir on water injection string by hydraulic anchor A It sets and is respectively equipped with intelligent watering device B, each intelligent watering device B is controlled by ground control system, divides between adjacent intelligent watering device Not She You packer C, the top of top layer intelligent watering device is equipped with centralizer D, successively connects below the intelligent watering device B of bottom oil reservoir It is connected to check valve E, screen casing F and silk plug G.After being separated upper and lower oil reservoir using packer in small casing, it can be divided Layer water filling.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, packer C includes packer central tube 5, and the lower, outer perimeter of packer central tube 5 is set with Packing element 14 is expanded, the lower end closed of packing element 14 is expanded and is expanded between the internal perisporium of packing element 14 and the outer wall of packer central tube 5 Packing element inner cavity is formed equipped with gap；The lower end of packer central tube 5 is screwed with packer lower contact 18.Expand the upper end of packing element 14 It is fixed in the lower port of packing element upper pressing cap 13, is supported by spring 12 on the interior step at 13 middle part of packing element upper pressing cap, spring 12 Upper end is pressed in the lower end of backwash piston 11, and the upper end of backwash piston 11 is resisted against the lower section of backwash piston seat 8, backwash piston seat 8 Lower, outer perimeter and the upper port of packing element upper pressing cap 13 be mutually screwed on；On packer central tube 5 corresponding with 8 inner wall of backwash piston seat Equipped with setting inlet opening 5a.

The top of backwash piston seat 8 is screwed with switch fluid cylinder 6, and the inner cavity of switch fluid cylinder 6 is equipped with switch plunger 7, and switch is lived The lower end of plug 7 is equipped with switch plunger reduced diameter section 7a, the inner cavity of the lower end insertion backwash piston seat 8 of switch plunger reduced diameter section 7a And it is opposite with the upper end inner edge of backwash piston 11；Switch plunger reduced diameter section 7a is equipped with to be opened with set that inlet opening 5a connects Close piston water-flowing trough 7b.The middle section for switching fluid cylinder 6, which is equipped with, carries out step in the switch fluid cylinder of upper limit, switch to switch plunger 7 The top of step is equipped with the backwash inlet opening 6a of perforation switch fluid cylinder 6 in fluid cylinder.

The upper end of switch fluid cylinder 6 is screwed with balance fluid cylinder 3, and the inner cavity of balance fluid cylinder 3 is equipped with dummy piston 4, balances fluid cylinder 3 Middle section be equipped with to dummy piston 4 carry out upper limit balance fluid cylinder in step, balance fluid cylinder 3 upper port be resisted against packer Below the step of top connection 1, the top circumference of balance fluid cylinder 3 is connected to outside the lower end of packer top connection 1 by unsealing shear pin 2 Week, the lower end box thread of packer top connection 1 are screwed in the upper end of packer central tube 5, in the packer of 4 top of dummy piston Heart pipe 5 is equipped with packer central tube drain hole 5b.The lower end of expansion packing element 14 is fixed in packing element lower pressing cap 15, and packing element pushes The lower end inner wall of cap 15 realizes sealing by lower pressing cap O-ring 17 and 5 outer wall of packer central tube, 15 lower section of packing element lower pressing cap Packer central tube 5 is equipped with packer central tube undergauge section 5c.

Out of packer central tube 5 to packer pressurize, it is hydraulic by packer central tube 5 set inlet opening 5a into Enter the inner cavity of backwash piston seat 8, push 11 compressed spring 12 of backwash piston, the hydraulic inner cavity for entering expansion packing element 14 makes its expansion The annular space of tubing and casing is sealed, realization is set.When stopping note, under the tension force effect of spring 12, backwash piston 11 is raised above It is bonded with backwash piston seat 8, is closed the pressure fluid for expanding 14 inner cavity of packing element, guaranteed that expansion packing element 14 is in and set state, Even if the pressure differential collapses inside and outside tubing string, packer are still able to maintain sealing state, solve conventional packer and sent out in oil pipe pressure release The problem of raw deblocking.When setting out of packer central tube 5 to packer pressurization, Simultaneous Switching piston 7 is protected under internal pressure effect The upward thrust of switch fluid cylinder 6 is held, so that switch fluid cylinder 6 is not generated axial displacement relative to packer central tube 5, guarantees in this way Wriggling when packer will not be because of water filling cuts removing seal for packer shear pin 2 and fails.Switch plunger 7 is by from setting into water Hole 5a injection it is hydraulic when, upward sliding to switch fluid cylinder in step stop.

When needing anti-flushing well, oil jacket annulus pressurization, liquid is by the backwash inlet opening 6a access switch on switch fluid cylinder 6 In annular space between fluid cylinder 6 and packer central tube 5, liquid-driving switch plunger 7 is moved downward, switch plunger reduced diameter section 7a It pushes backwash piston 11 open downwards, expands the liquid in packing element 14 by setting into water on backwash piston 11, packer central tube 5 Hole 5a returns to water injection string, and removing seal for packer can carry out anti-flushing well, while dummy piston 4 keeps balance fluid cylinder 3 is upward to push away Power counteracts most of act on and expands piston force downward on packing element 14, reduces and unseals 2 institute of shear pin above balance fluid cylinder 3 The downward shearing force being subject to, the downward piston force of packing element 14 is expanded when packer will not be because of anti-flushing well cuts deblocking shear pin 2 Break and fails.When filling the water again, the liquid in packer central tube 5 is pushed away by the inlet opening 5a that sets on packer central tube 5 Dynamic switch plunger 7 moves up, while the opening of backwash piston 11 being pushed to set packer again.

Since the upper port of balance fluid cylinder 3 is resisted against below the step of packer top connection 1, fluid cylinder 3 is balanced by upward Thrust i.e. can ensure that deblocking shear pin 2 do not cut.When needing deblocking and lift pipe string operation, there are two types of solve encapsulation method: a kind of It is anti-flushing well deblocking, it is identical as above-mentioned anti-flushing well operating principle；Another kind is upper lifting pipe post deblocking, when upper lifting pipe post, packer Expansion packing element 14 and casing friction effect under, balance fluid cylinder 3 remain stationary it is motionless, in packer top connection 1 and packer Heart pipe 5 moves up, and cuts deblocking shear pin 2；Packer central tube 5 continues to move up, the lower pressing cap O-ring 17 in packing element lower pressing cap 15 to Under cross the lower step of packer central tube 5 and lose sealing function, expand the inner cavity pressure release of packing element 14, external and internal pressure is flat Weighing apparatus realizes deblocking, can smoothly play out packer.

The middle part circumference of packing element lower pressing cap 15 is equipped with pressure cap drain hole, and pressure cap drain hole is screwed with sealing screw 16.It is close Envelope screw 16 closes pressure cap drain hole, and pressure testing can be carried out to packer, sealing screw 16 is spun off after the completion of pressure testing and releases.

The upper end of backwash piston 11 and the lower section of backwash piston seat 8 are cooperated by scalene cone, and backwash piston 11 Backwash piston sealing ring 9 is embedded on scalene cone.The upper end inner circumferential of backwash piston 11 is embedded with and switch plunger reduced diameter section 7a The opposite backwash piston pressure ring 10 of lower edge, the middle part periphery of backwash piston pressure ring 10 is equipped with step for backwash piston sealing ring 9 It pushes down.Scalene cone can increase the matching area of backwash piston 11 Yu backwash piston seat 8, and have the function of automatic centering, Backwash piston sealing ring 9 is embedded on the scalene cone of backwash piston 11 can be improved sealing performance.When setting, the lower end of switch plunger 7 11 downlink of backwash piston is pushed by backwash piston pressure ring 10, the difficulty of processing of backwash piston 11 can be reduced, extends it and uses the longevity Life, is also convenient for the installation and replacement of backwash piston sealing ring 9.

Packer C is equipped with sliding sleeve switch mechanism, and after oil pipe pressure release, sliding sleeve switch is remained turned-off, and expands in packing element 14 It is not connected to outside, guarantees that packer C is still able to maintain sealing state when injection flow fluctuates and closing well stops note, solve interlayer and alter Logical problem.It is additionally provided with backwash solution sealing mechanism, can guarantee that packer C reaches a timing in backwash pressure difference, removing seal for packer carries out Backwash well operations after backwash, fill the water, packer can be set again again to packer.It is additionally provided with internal pressure, backwash two balances Mechanism, packer will not be such that because of the wriggling of packer removing seal for packer shear pin 2 cuts and be failed in water filling, will not be because of anti- Piston force downward on packing element makes to unseal the cutting of shear pin 2 and fail when well-flushing, and the stability of packer greatly enhances.There is backwash solution Envelope above proposes two kinds of deblocking modes of deblocking, is selected according to the actual situation when being easy to use.

The outer diameter for balancing fluid cylinder 3, switch fluid cylinder 6, packing element upper pressing cap 13 and packing element lower pressing cap 15 is φ 75mm, can be met The restting of φ 95mm small casing water injection well needs；The interior latus rectum of packer central tube 5 is φ 40mm, can satisfy diameter phi 36mm instrument layering allotment water and intake profile test need.

As shown in figure 4, ground control system includes coming water conduit tube G1 and water injection pipe G3, carrys out water conduit tube G1 and be connected with water branch Water manual switch valve V1 is equipped with by flange on pipe G2, water branch pipe G2, the upstream of water manual switch valve V1 is equipped with The downstream of upstream pressure transmitter P1, water manual switch valve V1 are equipped with intelligent water adjusting valve V2, intelligent water adjusting valve by flange V2 is equipped with flow sensor, and there is water filling manual switch valve V3 in the downstream of intelligent water adjusting valve V2 by flanged joint, and water filling is opened manually The outlet for closing valve V3 connects water injection pipe G3, pacifies on the pipeline between the intelligent outlet water adjusting valve V2 and water filling manual switch valve V3 entrance Equipped with downstream pressure transmitter P2, the signal wire of upstream pressure transmitter P1, downstream pressure transmitter P2 and intelligent water adjusting valve V2 It is connected with well head control main website K1.

Downstream pressure transmitter P2 is mounted on the outlet transverse tube of intelligent water adjusting valve V2, and well head controls the back side peace of main website K1 Equipped with vertical supports K1a, clip K1b is fixed on vertical supports K1a, clip K1b embraces the outlet standpipe in intelligent water adjusting valve V2 On.The installation on the spot that well head controls main website K1, and adjustable position may be implemented by vertical supports K1a and clip K1b.

After opening water manual switch valve V1 and water filling manual switch valve V3, water conduit tube G1 and water branch pipe G2 are come in water flow edge Into intelligent water adjusting valve V2, enter water injection pipe G3 after intelligent water adjusting valve V2 adjusting, upstream pressure transmitter P1 can detecte intelligence Can water adjusting valve V2 upstream pressure and be transferred to well head control main website K1, downstream pressure transmitter P2 and can detecte intelligent water adjusting valve The pressure in the downstream V2 is simultaneously transferred to well head control main website K1, and well head control main website K1 sends control signal to adjust intelligent regulating valve Switch, intelligent water adjusting valve V2 has the function of detection flows, can read flow in real time, while there is valve opening to adjust and make With.

When intelligent water adjusting valve V2 from it is fully closed switch to standard-sized sheet when, well head pressure increases simultaneously with flow, formed flow coding Height；When intelligent water adjusting valve V2 switches to fully closed from standard-sized sheet, geostatic pressure reduces simultaneously with flow, forms flow coding It is low, it is thusly-formed flow waves.Intelligent watering device B is issued in order by way of flow waves according to preset agreement timing, is reached To the regulation to water injection rate.

Intelligent watering device B is by switch tap or changes water nozzle aperture formation flow waves, and uplink traffic wave is by downstream pressure Transmitter P2 acquires and is sent to well head control main website K1, and well head control main website K1 parses uplink traffic wave, so realizes The bidirectional traffics wave communication of ground installation and downhole instrument.

As shown in figure 5, being equipped with power supply unit in well head control main website K1, ground controls chip, data acquisition unit, signal Processing unit and GPRS digital transmission module, the signal receiving end of data acquisition unit are pressed with after upstream pressure transmitter P1, valve respectively Power transmitter P2 is connected with the signal wire of intelligent water adjusting valve V2, at the pressure flow signal output end and signal of data acquisition unit The pressure flow signal receiving end for managing unit is connected, and signal processing unit is connect with ground control chip both-way communication, ground control Coremaking piece is connect with GPRS digital transmission module both-way communication, and GPRS digital transmission module is connect with GPRS antenna, the control of signal processing unit Signal output end processed is connect with the signal wire of intelligent water adjusting valve V2, and ground, which controls chip power-down, can be reserved for data.

Data acquisition unit receives the upstream pressure signal of upstream pressure transmitter P1 transmission, downstream pressure transmitter P2 The flow signal that the downstream pressure signal and intelligence water adjusting valve V2 of transmission are sent, and it is supplied to ground control chip, ground control Chip issues control signal to intelligent water adjusting valve V2 after operation and processing, through signal processing unit.Ground controls chip The real time datas such as pressure, temperature, flow are also sent to by oil field by GPRS digital transmission module and GPRS antenna and survey tune monitoring center, Real-time display well head data achieve the purpose that remotely to monitor commissioning.

When coding, the GPRS digital transmission module in well head control main website K1 receives oil field by GPRS antenna and surveys in tune monitoring The instruction of the heart sends control signal to adjust the switch of intelligent regulating valve, passes through intelligent tune when instruction is reads downhole data The switch of section valve forms the high and low variation of pressure and flow, realizes the signaling function of flow wave communication.

After intelligent watering device B receives ground signal, executes and return flow wave code is to well head, well head controls K1 pairs of main website Close echo code is parsed.When receiving code, by reading the pressure data of downstream pressure transmitter P2 and reading on intelligent regulating valve Data on flows, when be higher than a certain threshold value when be high impulse, be lower than a certain threshold value when be low pulse, flow wave communication is completed with this Receipts code process, parsed to obtain downhole data to received wave code according to rendezvous protocol content, complete ground and underground Bi-directional communication function.Signal processing unit also passes through communication interface and is connected with touch screen, to carry out the scene display of data.

Bypass drainpipe G4 is connected on water injection pipe G3, the entrance of bypass drainpipe G4 is equipped with electronic relief valve V4, signal Processing unit is equipped with 24V output end, and 24V output end is connected with the power supply line of electronic relief valve V4.In underground, seepage of water is bad, leads When causing pressure that can not reduce, signal processing unit exports 24V to electronic relief valve V4, opens it and carries out quick pressure releasing, with this Reach the coding of low discharge.

As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, intelligent watering device B includes the water distribution top connection 21 of coaxial line, outer protection tube 22, water distribution center Pipe 23 and water distribution lower contact 36, the lower end periphery of water distribution top connection 21 are screwed in the upper port of outer protection tube 22, water distribution lower contact 36 upper periphery is screwed in the lower port of outer protection tube 22, and the lower port of water distribution central tube 23 is pressed in the top of water distribution lower contact 36 Portion, the middle part of water distribution lower contact 36 be equipped with centre bore perforation and the adjustable water nozzle 19 of aperture, install in water distribution lower contact 36 There is water nozzle control mechanism 26.The external port of water nozzle 19 is covered with anti-return and spits cover 20, and anti-return spits cover 20 and do not influence to fill the water, and can be with Prevent downhole debris from entering water nozzle 19.

Inner protective tube 24, the internal diameter of inner protective tube 24 and water distribution are equipped between the top and water distribution top connection 21 of water distribution central tube 23 The internal diameter of central tube 23 is equal, and the upper and lower ends of inner protective tube 24 are respectively equipped with the inner protective tube flange collar outwardly protruded, and two inner protective tubes are convex Underground control unit is installed in the cavity between circle；The lower end of water distribution top connection 21 is pressed in the between outer land of inner protective tube flange collar 24a On rank, the lower end surface of lower inner protective tube flange collar 24b is uniformly distributed there are four flange collar groove, respectively embedded with upper close in each flange collar groove Seat 25 is sealed, the inner edge of each upper seal support 25 is pressed respectively against the upper port of water distribution central tube 23；Water distribution central tube 23 and outer protection tube 22 Between annulus in four mounting posts axially extended, the first mounting post 31, the second mounting post 32, are uniformly installed The upper end of three mounting posts 33 and the 4th mounting post 34 is separately fixed on corresponding upper seal support 25.

The lower end of first mounting post 31, the second mounting post 32 and third mounting post 33 is separately fixed at water distribution lower contact 36 On, the lower end of the first mounting post 31 is equipped with testing for receivable well head control main website flow waves signal and seals detection pipe nipple 28, and second The middle section of mounting post 32 is equipped with the motor-driven mechanism 27 of control 26 actuation time of water nozzle control mechanism and direction, motor driven Mechanism 27 is controlled by underground control unit 29, and the signal input part of underground control unit 29 and the signal for testing envelope detection pipe nipple 28 are defeated Outlet electrical connection.

Oriented underground control unit 29, motor-driven mechanism 27 are installed in the 4th mounting post 34 and test envelope detection pipe nipple 28 and is mentioned The integrated power supply unit 30 of power supply source, the periphery for integrating power supply unit 30 are equipped with power supply unit outer protecting shell 30a, upper seal support 25 Outer rim is pressed in the upper port of power supply unit outer protecting shell 30a, the lower port of power supply unit outer protecting shell 30a and water distribution central tube 23 it is outer Bottom sealing socket 35 is equipped between wall, the lower end of the 4th mounting post is fixed on bottom sealing socket 35.

The effect of water distribution top connection 21 is connection outer protection tube 22 and inner protective tube 24, and the oil pipe column for connection top provides Standard interface；The effect of outer protection tube 22 is isolation oil pipe external pressure and fluid, and provides for instrument and pull down in bearing capacity and oil pipe Power, protection instrument safety；Water distribution central tube 23 is oily overpressure and fluid, and is provided for lower layer's fluid and other loggers Channel.

Water distribution lower contact 36 connects outer protection tube 22 and water distribution central tube 23, and provides fluid course entrance for water nozzle 19 and go out Mouthful, and water nozzle 19 is connected, while connection tests envelope detection pipe nipple 28 and provides pressure tappings, the also oil pipe column for connection lower section for it Standard interface is provided.Water nozzle control mechanism 26 accurately adjusts the aperture of water nozzle 19, to adjust water filling side's amount.

Four mounting posts will test envelope detection pipe nipple 28, motor-driven mechanism 27 and integrated power supply unit 30 and be separately mounted to ring In the out of phase in shape space, the overall dimension of injection well downhole flow regulator can reduce, and can be using in the water distribution of larger interior diameter Heart pipe 23, in order to the passage of test equipment.

The pressure sensor for testing envelope detection pipe nipple 28 receives the flow waves signal of downlink and is transferred to underground control unit 29, Envelope detection pipe nipple 28 is tested simultaneously also to measure actual pressure in pipe and manage outer actual pressure, is come in conjunction with related algorithm to packer C's Situation carries out testing envelope, and the pressure real data inside and outside pipe is also fed back to underground control unit 29.

Underground control unit 29 receives the signal for testing envelope detection pipe nipple 28, storage each unit algorithm data and control journey Sequence calculates the data on flows of water nozzle 19；Actuation time and the direction of water nozzle control mechanism 26 are controlled by motor-driven mechanism 27, To adjust the opening value size of water nozzle water outlet, and then accurately to adjust the water filling side of this layer amount, while the opening and closing of water nozzle 19 Downhole flow waveform is formed to send to well head control main website.Test the signal electricity between envelope detection pipe nipple 28 and underground control unit 29 Cable can be walked along the inner cavity of the first mounting post 31, and lower inner protective tube flange collar 24b and upper seal support 25 are equipped with axial hole for signal Cable passes through.

Integrated power supply unit 30 provides electric power safeguard for each movement mechanism and electronic component, carries integrated power supply unit 30 can make the injection well downhole flow regulator for a long time in underground work, and carry out ground and under-well bi-directional transmission using flow waves.

It is as follows to test envelope process: first during going into the well each unit in a dormant state, when suppress it is setting after the completion of one section Time, electric circuit in well are initially located in wake-up states, and flow waves signal is transferred to by ground control system tests envelope detection pipe nipple 28, test Envelope detection pipe nipple 28 feeds back information to underground control unit 29, and underground control unit 29 is controlled according to the logic unit of its storage 26 switch tap 19 of motor-driven mechanism 27 and water nozzle control mechanism, and then change overpressure, downhole flow wave signal is passed back Ground control system, after well head control main website K1 is received and passed through respective algorithms, envelope data are tested in acquisition.

The injecting process is as follows: when side's amount as required is filled the water, ground control system passes through flow waves for data are filled the water Be transferred to underground tests envelope detection pipe nipple 28, after testing envelope detection pipe nipple 28 reception and feeding back to underground control unit 29, underground control Unit 29 processed controls motor control mechanism and water nozzle control mechanism 26 for water nozzle 19 by related algorithm and using its logic unit It opens to corresponding position, closes water nozzle 19 after completing water filling.

The layered water injection method of water injection well depositing distributed communication of the present invention is equipped with and each water filling on water injection string The corresponding intelligent watering device B of layer, it is respectively mutually separated by packer C between water filling layer, ground control system is installed in well head, Ground control system includes well head control main website K1 and intelligent water adjusting valve, and each intelligent watering device B in underground is respectively as underground water distribution Device substation；Well head controls main website K1 by GPRS antenna and surveys the progress two-way communication of tune center, surveys tune center and sends a command to Well head controls main website K1, and well head control main website K1 encodes the order for being sent to underground, and it is real that intelligent water adjusting valve is controlled after coding The height variation of existing flow generates corresponding downlink traffic wave；It activates simultaneously, receive downlink traffic wave in each downhole water flow regulator substation And after decoding, controls each layer water nozzle and by the order of main website while being filled the water respectively；When each downhole water flow regulator substation uploads data, It is first encoded, then realizes that the height of flow changes to form corresponding uplink traffic wave, well head control by this layer of water nozzle of control After main website K1 processed receives uplink traffic wave, required Data Concurrent is obtained after decoding and gives survey tune center.

Based on terrestrial wireless communication network, can in real time or periodically each well head control main website K1 wireless transmission be surveyed by surveying tune center Order is adjusted, each layer data information in underground that each well head control main website K1 is obtained, which can be wirelessly sent to, surveys tune center.Each well head control Main website K1 is gone into the well disposable send of water distribution adjustment order of each layer in underground with broadcast mode, and water distribution adjustment order is with downstream After measuring wave arrival underground, each downhole water flow regulator substation respectively receives, decodes, and adjusts separately the aperture of respective water nozzle, realizes each Layer carries out waterflooding adjustment simultaneously.The waterflooding adjustment of each layer, which eliminates, to be waited upper one layer of reception order and signs for the tune center feedback of survey Time, will send order two-way communication become one-way communication, reduce two-way communication number, improve production efficiency.

The coding of downlink traffic wave is by " underground activation code+substation ID code+command type code+down-transmitting data+main website verifies Code " composition；Wherein command type code is 0 or 1, and the subsequent down-transmitting data of command type code 0 is " water distribution adjustment ", command type code 1 subsequent down-transmitting data is " configuration and order ".After " underground activation code " reaches underground, each downhole water flow regulator substation is swashed simultaneously It is living, the order for receiving each layer is distinguished by " substation ID code ".When command type code be 0 when, show this layer it is received be " water distribution tune It is whole " data, " water distribution adjustment " data include duration etc. lasting under water nozzle aperture and certain aperture, and the downhole water flow regulator substation is accordingly Adjust the aperture of water nozzle.When command type code is 1, show this layer it is received be " configuration and order " data, such as order is fixed When or upload data at once, upload full information, middle information or necessary information, close water nozzle etc..

The coding of uplink traffic wave is made of " substation ID code+upload data+substation check code ", wherein upload data according to " configuration and the order " of downlink traffic wave is divided into full information, middle information or necessary information, and full information includes pressure, temperature and flow Data, middle information include pressure and data on flows, and necessary information includes pressure difference data." substation ID code " shows the body of the substation Part, upload data are one of full information, middle information or necessary information, depending on type as defined in " configuration and order "； Well head, which controls main website K1, can calculate corresponding flow according to the pressure difference data of necessary information.Substation in relatively rear bit address After bit address substation uploads end of data code before detecting, starts the data for uploading one's own department or unit substation, realize and press command sequences and kind Class uploads data.

Each downhole water flow regulator substation uploads data by " configuration and order " timing or order in real time；Well head control main website K1 is pressed " configuration and order " timing receives and temporal data or order receive data in real time, and forwards and survey tune center.It is more in practical application Data are uploaded for timing in number situation, such as selection night uploads data, avoids surveying the daytime that tune center may issue an order, it is real Dislocation on existing call duration time；The data that night uploads are temporarily stored in the ground control chip of well head control main website K1, are adjusted for surveying Center daytime carries out moment reading, the data dump kept in after reading.In special circumstances, survey tune center, which can say the word, wants realistic Shi Shangchuan data, read immediately after upload.

" underground activation code " subsequent coding is all made of starting in the whole codings and downlink traffic wave of uplink traffic wave Position, data segment and stop bits are combined, and start bit and stop bits are high flow conditions, each data n of data segment is by nT+ 1T time quantum indicates that wherein opposite flow status is presented behind nT and with nT in 1T.

As shown in figure 8, disregarding start bit and stop bits, it is assumed that transmitting data are 2 decimal numbers " 46 ", then needed for communicating The time of consumption is 4T+1T+6T+1T=12T, compared with traditional code bits per inch word occupies 10T, saves communication elapsed time hundred Divide ratio are as follows: (20-12)/20=40%.Low → high → low variation is presented in flow waves, and water nozzle needs act twice, and movement can depletion Few half, water nozzle service life extend to twice.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of layered water injection method of water injection well depositing distributed communication, it is equipped with and each water filling layer phase on water injection string Corresponding intelligent watering device respectively fills the water mutually separated by packer between layer, which is characterized in that controls on well head installation ground System, the ground control system include well head control main website and intelligent water adjusting valve, and each intelligent watering device in underground is respectively as well Lower injection well downhole flow regulator substation；Well head controls main website by GPRS antenna and surveys the progress two-way communication of tune center, surveys tune center and sends out order Well head control main website is given, well head control main website encodes the order for being sent to underground, and it is real that intelligent water adjusting valve is controlled after coding The height variation of existing flow generates corresponding downlink traffic wave；It activates simultaneously, receive downlink traffic wave in each downhole water flow regulator substation And after decoding, controls each layer water nozzle and by the order of main website while being filled the water respectively；When each downhole water flow regulator substation uploads data, It is first encoded, then realizes that the height of flow changes to form corresponding uplink traffic wave, well head control by this layer of water nozzle of control Required Data Concurrent is obtained after main website processed receives uplink traffic wave, after decoding gives survey tune center.

2. the layered water injection method of water injection well depositing distributed communication according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: under The coding of row flow waves is made of " underground activation code+substation ID code+command type code+down-transmitting data+main website check code "；Wherein Command type code is 0 or 1, and the subsequent down-transmitting data of command type code 0 is " water distribution adjustment ", is passed under command type code 1 is subsequent Data are " configuration and order ".

3. the layered water injection method of water injection well depositing distributed communication according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: on The coding of row flow waves is made of " substation ID code+upload data+substation check code ", wherein uploading data according to downlink traffic wave " configuration and order " be divided into full information, middle information or necessary information, full information includes pressure, temperature and data on flows, middle letter Breath includes pressure and data on flows, and necessary information includes pressure difference data.

4. the layered water injection method of water injection well depositing distributed communication according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: each Downhole water flow regulator substation uploads data by " configuration and order " timing or order in real time；Well head controls main website by " configuration and order " Timing receives and temporal data or order receive data in real time, and forwards and survey tune center.

5. the layered water injection method of water injection well depositing distributed communication according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: on In the whole codings and downlink traffic wave of row flow waves " underground activation code " subsequent coding be all made of start bit, data segment and Stop bits is combined, and start bit and stop bits are high flow conditions, each data n of data segment is single by nT+1T time Member indicates that wherein opposite flow status is presented behind nT and with nT in 1T.

6. the layered water injection method of water injection well depositing distributed communication according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute Stating ground control system further includes coming water conduit tube and water injection pipe, it is described come water conduit tube be connected with water branch pipe, the water branch pipe On water manual switch valve is installed, the upstream of the water manual switch valve is equipped with upstream pressure transmitter, the water The downstream of manual switch valve is equipped with the intelligent water adjusting valve, and the intelligence water adjusting valve is equipped with flow sensor, and the intelligence is adjusted The downstream connection of water valve has water filling manual switch valve, and the outlet of the water filling manual switch valve connects the water injection pipe, the intelligence Downstream pressure transmitter can be installed on transverse tube between water transfer valve outlet and the water filling manual switch valve inlet, before the valve The signal wire of pressure transmitter, downstream pressure transmitter and intelligent water adjusting valve is connected with well head control main website；It is described Bypass drainpipe is connected on water injection pipe, the entrance of the bypass drainpipe is equipped with electronic relief valve；The well head controls main website The back side vertical supports are installed, be fixed with clip in the vertical supports, the clip embraces going out in the intelligent water adjusting valve On mouth vertical tube.

7. the layered water injection method of water injection well depositing distributed communication according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute It states and is equipped with power supply unit, ground control chip, data acquisition unit, signal processing unit and GPRS number biography in well head control main website Module, the signal receiving end of the data acquisition unit respectively with the upstream pressure transmitter, downstream pressure transmitter and intelligence The signal wire of energy water adjusting valve is connected, pressure flow signal output end and the signal processing unit of the data acquisition unit Pressure flow signal receiving end is connected, and the signal processing unit is connect with ground control chip both-way communication, describedly Face control chip is connect with the GPRS digital transmission module both-way communication, and the GPRS digital transmission module is connect with GPRS antenna, described The control signal output of signal processing unit is connect with the signal wire of the intelligent water adjusting valve；The signal processing unit is also logical Communication interface is crossed to be connected with touch screen, the signal processing unit be equipped with 24V output end, the 24V output end with it is described electronic The power supply line of relief valve is connected.

8. the layered water injection method of water injection well depositing distributed communication according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute Water distribution top connection, outer protection tube, water distribution central tube and the water distribution lower contact that intelligent watering device includes coaxial line are stated, it is described to match waterborne tie The lower end periphery of head is screwed in the upper port of the outer protection tube, and the upper periphery of the water distribution lower contact is screwed in the outer shield In the lower port of pipe, the lower port of the water distribution central tube is pressed in the top of the water distribution lower contact, the water distribution lower contact Middle part is equipped with to be covered with anti-return and spits cover with centre bore perforation and the adjustable water nozzle of aperture, the external port of the water nozzle；It is described to match Water nozzle control mechanism is installed in underwater connector, interior shield is equipped between the top of the water distribution central tube and the water distribution top connection Pipe, the internal diameter of the inner protective tube is equal with the internal diameter of water distribution central tube, and the upper and lower ends of the inner protective tube are respectively equipped with convex Inner protective tube flange collar out is equipped with underground control unit in the cavity between two inner protective tube flange collars；Under the water distribution top connection In the outer step of upper inner protective tube flange collar, the lower end surface of lower inner protective tube flange collar is uniformly distributed there are four flange collar groove side pressure, each convex It encloses and is embedded with upper seal support in groove respectively, the inner edge of each upper seal support is pressed respectively against the upper port of the water distribution central tube；Institute It states and four mounting posts axially extended is uniformly installed in the annulus between water distribution central tube and the outer protection tube, it is each to pacify The upper end of dress column is separately fixed on corresponding upper seal support.

9. the layered water injection method of water injection well depositing distributed communication according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the One, the lower end of two, three mounting posts is separately fixed in the water distribution lower contact, and the lower end of the first mounting post is equipped with receivable well Mouth control main website flow waves signal tests envelope detection pipe nipple, and the middle section of the second mounting post is equipped with the control water nozzle control mechanism The motor-driven mechanism of actuation time and direction, motor-driven mechanism are controlled by the underground control unit, the underground control The signal input part of unit is electrically connected with the signal output end for testing envelope detection pipe nipple.

10. the layered water injection method of water injection well depositing distributed communication according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: Oriented underground control unit, motor-driven mechanism are installed in the 4th mounting post and test envelope detection pipe nipple, the integrated power supply of power supply is provided The periphery of unit, the integrated power supply unit is equipped with power supply unit outer protecting shell, and the outer rim of the upper seal support is pressed in the power supply The upper port of unit outer protecting shell is equipped with down between the lower port of said supply unit outer protecting shell and the outer wall of the water distribution central tube The lower end of seal receptacle, the 4th mounting post is fixed on the bottom sealing socket.