CN1098418C - Fuel altering and saving method for diesel oil/natura gas engine - Google Patents
Fuel altering and saving method for diesel oil/natura gas engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN1098418C CN1098418C CN99112158A CN99112158A CN1098418C CN 1098418 C CN1098418 C CN 1098418C CN 99112158 A CN99112158 A CN 99112158A CN 99112158 A CN99112158 A CN 99112158A CN 1098418 C CN1098418 C CN 1098418C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a fuel conversion and oil saving method for diesel oil-natural gas engines. The present invention is characterized in that a special engine uses the functions of two speed regulators and a minimum oil quantity limiter; the equivalent automatic conversion of effective heat energy of two kinds of fuel can be realized during the operation; physical parameters of an air supply system have no high requirement; when the natural gas supply is sufficient, the engine only diesel oil with the quantity for ignition; when the present invention is used for special diesel oil-natural gas engines, and the fuel automatic conversion function is not used, some speed regulator can be manually replaced. For example, speed regulators of transport machinery engines for controlling the gas quantity can be replaced by drivers. The method of the present invention has the advantages of simplicity, easy implementation, complete function and high natural gas substitution rate.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of fuel conversion and oil saving method of diesel oil-natural gas engine.
Diesel oil-natural gas engine (hereinafter to be referred as motor) has three kinds of operating conditions: full diesel oil running; Diesel oil-rock gas mixes running; The running of diesel oil igniting rock gas.Pursue two special indexs: the one, can realize that above-mentioned three kinds of operating conditions change mutually, the 2nd, the substitution rate that igniting economizes rock gas in other words with diesel oil as far as possible is high as far as possible.The fuel conversion of existing diesel oil-natural gas engine is to realize by the conversion equipment of special use.It is characterized in that, in oil amount regulating mechanism, pump oil on the plunger and bare of injection pump is divided into seed region and full diesel oil district; In the tolerance controlling mechanism, the tolerance control valve is set, two cover mechanisms are simultaneously by a speed regulator control.When seed region is worked, regulate running by rock gas; When the work of full diesel oil district, regulate running by diesel oil.When two kinds of fuel conversions, need under the equivalent numerical value of liquids and gases, carry out, because it is rock gas can compress, very sensitive to variation in pressure.For equivalent value is stable, must strict requirement be proposed to the pressure parameter of natural gas system.Therefore, its structure is very complicated, the manufacture cost height, and the substitute gas rate is low, and the duty of engine is perfect inadequately.
Purpose of the present invention is exactly the problem that exists at above-mentioned prior art, proposes a kind of fuel conversion and the oil saving method of diesel oil-natural gas engine.After using this method, designs simplification, cost reduces, and improves the substitute gas rate, reaches the effect of raising the efficiency, saving diesel oil.
Technological scheme of the present invention is:
1, on general diesel oil-natural gas engine main body, the speed regulator (hereinafter to be referred as oily speed regulator) of a cover oil amount regulating mechanism and control oil mass is installed; The speed regulator (hereinafter to be referred as the gas speed regulator) of one cover tolerance controlling mechanism and control amount of natural gas; Two speed regulators are controlled by operating mechanism separately respectively, all accept the rotary speed instruction of motor simultaneously again.
2, nearby, an adjustable oil mass limiter is installed, is used for limiting oil amount regulating mechanism and reduces fuel delivery at oil amount regulating mechanism, and discouraging of parking mechanism oil-break not.Restricted oil mass can be transferred to very little, but does not allow less than the needed minimum oil volume of normal ignition, hereinafter to be referred as minimum oil volume G
Min(g/ jig frequency).Its concrete numerical value need be confirmed through platform experiment and through durable examination.
When 3, above-mentioned diesel oil-natural gas engine with two speed regulators and oil mass limiter, desire use two kinds of fuel auto-conversion functions, need be provided with one earlier and give and put rotating speed:
n
y＝n
qy-(G
o-G
y)(n
max-n
e)/(G
e-G
o) (1)
Wherein: n
y---the rotating speed (r/min) that full diesel oil no-load running sets in advance by purposes;
n
Qy---the rotating speed (r/min) in the engine operation;
n
e---engine calibration rotating speed (r/min);
n
Max---under full diesel oil 12 one-hour ratings, unload stable change (r/min) of zero load of most load
n
Max-n
e---making the diesel oil variable quantity is (G
e-G
o) time, required rotation speed change amount;
G
e-G
o---the rotation speed change amount is (n
Max-n
e) time, make the variable quantity of diesel oil;
(n
Max-n
e)/(G
e-G
o)---every gram/jig frequency diesel oil, the rotation speed change amount that needs;
G
o---the oil mass (g/ jig frequency) of full diesel oil no-load running;
G
e---the oil mass (g/ jig frequency) during full diesel oil 12 one-hour ratings;
G
y---be subjected to the oil mass (g/ jig frequency) of oily speed regulator control.
Through the motor of stand test, can be n
e, n
Max, G
o, G
eBe used as constant.Work as n
QY=n
e, G
y=G
Min, n
yObtain a particular value, claim the best to give and put rotating speed, use n
Ye(r/min) expression is with n
QY=n
e, G
y=G
Min, n
y=n
YeSubstitution (1) formula is put in order:
n
ye＝n
e-(G
o-G
min)(n
max-n
e)/(G
e-G
o) (2)
(2) formula is represented, gives when putting rotating speed when oily speed regulator is arranged on the best, and motor turns round under rated engine speed, and used oil mass just in time is a minimum oil volume, and irrelevant with load.What is called is meant just in time that the oil mass limiter waits for and works.
From (2) formula, can be n
YeBe used as constant, so, the rotation speed n of diesel oil one natural gas engine that has dispatched from the factory
QyWith oil mass G
yThe relation description that establishes an equation under available:
n
qy＝n
ye+(G
o-G
y)(n
max-n
e)/(G
e-G
o) (3)
Can intuitively find out from (3) formula, in two kinds of fuel transfer processes, the following operating condition of diesel oil-natural gas engine:
A.G
y=G
MinThe time, n
QY=n
eDiesel oil igniting rock gas operating condition.
B.G
y=G
oThe time, n
Qy=n
YeDiesel oil-rock gas mixes operating condition.
C.G
y＞G
oThe time, n
QY＜n
YeDiesel oil-rock gas mixes operating condition.
D.G
y〉=G
eThe time, n
QY≤ n
Ye-(n
Max-n
e); Full diesel oil operating condition.
More than by a state to the d state, G
yValue constantly increases, and is to be used for the supplemental natural gas amount constantly to reduce, to guarantee running off and on of motor.Around here, the operator does not interfere.Yet, when natural tolerance increases engine speed n gradually
QYTo raise the oil mass G of oily speed regulator control gradually
yTo reduce gradually; When rock gas is increased to original amount, motor will be by the d recovering state to a state, and this inverse process does not describe in detail for this reason.
More than be exactly that diesel oil-natural gas engine gives in the best and putting under the rotating speed, two kinds of fuel is the processes of conversion automatically.Give and put the rotating speed difference, the engine operating status difference, promptly the ratio of diesel oil and rock gas is different, should select different giving to put rotating speed according to different purposes.
4, Zhuan Yong motor does not need fuel to change automatically, can be according to operating characteristic and occasion, by one of them speed regulator of artificial replacement.As: Transport Machinery diesel oil-natural gas engine, mainly running rotating speed randomly changing under speed characteristics does not need speed regulator to come stabilized speed, high speed limit device is installed at most, therefore, can replace the gas speed regulator, direct manipulation tolerance controlling mechanism by the driver.But, give and put rotating speed and need be arranged under the minimum idling stabilized speed.The motor of using on the oil recovery pumping unit is mainly worked under diesel oil igniting rock gas operating condition.Can be by artificial displace oil speed regulator, the full diesel oil running of short time direct manipulation oil amount regulating mechanism; After treating that associated gas comes out,, diesel oil is limited in minimum oil volume, by the control of gas speed regulator, motor is turned round under governor control characteristics fully by manually converting diesel oil igniting rock gas operating condition to.
5, minimum oil volume has the oil mass limiter to guarantee, its concrete numerical value is not arbitrarily to determine, it with oil amount regulating mechanism and oil sprayer in the specification of even part closely related; In case these even parts are decided, minimum oil volume almost is an objective reality, but need confirm through overtesting.Because the specification of even part is more little, minimum oil volume can be few more, can select for use than the routine even part of small dimension size more for fuel-efficient.But, doing like this can be unfavorable to the full diesel oil function of motion of motor, therefore, should make one's options according to different purposes.
The present invention with have technology to compare to have following advantage:
1, simple in structure, specialized spare part is few, and low cost of manufacture is easy and simple to handle;
2, motor is on-stream, and the operator can arbitrarily change the ratio of two kinds of fuel;
3, in the source of the gas fluctuation, or interruptible gas supply, when the operator has little time to handle, will there be speed regulator to realize the conversion mutually automatically of two kinds of fuel at any time, guarantee not intermittent running of motor;
4, fuel is changed automatically, is that the speed-regulating function of speed regulator is realized, is not the equivalent conversion of certain physical quantity, but the conversion of the equivalent of two kinds of effective heat energy of fuel; The characteristic curve of motor will be slick and sly; And, the physical parameter of air supply system be need not very high requirement;
5, the oil mass limiter had both been guaranteed can not stop working by oil-break when motor is realized the fuel conversion in various operating conditions, guaranteed again to use the minimum oil volume that allows when rock gas is sufficient, reached the substitute gas rate of trying one's best high;
6, Zhuan Yong diesel oil-natural gas engine replaces certain speed regulator by the driver, and direct manipulation tolerance controlling mechanism or oil amount regulating mechanism make its structure simpler, and manufacture cost is lower.
In addition, the present invention guarantees that still diesel oil-natural gas engine compares with the electric ignition gas engine, has heat and imitates highly, and advantage such as the effulent harmful components are few, and delivery temperature is low makes it become electric ignition gas engine very strong competitor.
The method that should invent below in conjunction with a kind of specific embodiment is explained as follows.
The speed regulator that motor uses can be divided into machinery, hydraulic pressure, electronics three classes, and its fundamental function all is a stabilized (steady-state) speed, and each is variant for the speed governing rate, can both be used for the present invention.Though the speed-regulating function of mechanical speed governors is poor, still can satisfy the needs of general service motor, because simple structure, cheap, so use very extensive.Bottom is an example with the full system type pictorial mechanical governor, and embodiment's content is described in detail in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Accompanying drawing is for using full system type pictorial mechanical governor work structuring principle schematic.
In the accompanying drawing, oily speed regulator 2, oil amount regulating mechanism 3, gas speed regulator 4, tolerance controlling mechanism 5, oily operating mechanism 6, oil mass limiter 10, stop mechanism 13, gas operating mechanism 14 all are contained in the position that engine main body 1 suits.Oil speed regulator 2, by oil fly iron group 9, oily lever 8 is formed; Gas speed regulator 4, have gas to fly iron group 17, gas lever 16 to constitute; Two speed regulators fly the iron group, all press velocity ratio separately, rotate with engine crankshaft.Oil amount regulating mechanism 3 has tooth bar connecting rod 11, Injection Pump 12 to constitute.Tolerance controlling mechanism 5 has connecting rod group 18, throttle valve 19 to constitute; They all are controlled by separately speed regulator and operating mechanism.Stop mechanism 13, stop valve 20 are controlled by the manipulator.
By the motor that working principle assembling of the present invention finishes, to load onto before the first driving of test-bed, stop valve 20 should be a closed condition, gas operating mechanism 14 answers on the left side that controlled atmosphere speed spring 15 is loosened; The switching to the right of oily operating mechanism 6, strain oily governor spring 7, oily lever 8 is put to the right, stir tooth bar connecting rod 11 and move right, make Injection Pump 12 be in maximum fuel feeding state.
After the engine start success, adjust oily operating mechanism 6 immediately, motor is turned round under minimum idling stabilized speed.At this moment, motor is full diesel oil idle state.The oil mass that measures this moment is G
o(g/ jig frequency).
In order in no-load running, just to use two kinds of fuel, under above full diesel oil idle state, adjust oil mass limiter 10, make itself and oily lever 8 keep little clearance; Then open stop valve 20, switching gas operating mechanism 14 is strained controlled atmosphere speed spring 15 to the right, gas lever 16 is put to the right, stirred the connecting rod 18 in the tolerance controlling mechanism 5, throttle valve 19 is opened slightly, allow small amounts of natural gas enter the firing chamber work done, make engine speed that certain rising be arranged; Engine speed raises, and oil flies the centrifugal increase of iron group 9, and oily lever 8 will be put left, make Injection Pump 12 subtract oil.Whether the oil mass Gy that measures this moment is the minimum oil volume G that allows
MinIf G
y＞G
Min, reason has two, one, and engine speed is high not enough; The 2nd, oil mass limiter 10 has withstood oily lever 8, and that just need further drive big throttle valve 19, or transfers oil mass limiter 10 again, measures G always
y=G
MinTill.Limited 10 o'clock in the adjustment oil mass, do not occur G as far as possible
y＜G
Min,, may origination point missing of ignition and stop because motor turns round in this state.
Drive through first, determined oily operating mechanism 6, make the position of the unloaded minimum stable engine speed of the full diesel oil of motor, and adjusted oil mass limiter 10, motor just can carry out every the test by follow procedure.
Then stop valve 20 is closed, 14 switchings of gas operating mechanism to demarcating load position, are only used oily operating mechanism 6, follow procedure can be made every delivery test of complete diesel oil operating condition always.Should measure G in test
o, G
e, n
MaxConcrete numerical value.
Reach diesel oil one natural gas engine of the standard of dispatching from the factory, during governor control characteristics under using its part throttle characteristics or rated engine speed, if natural gas supply instability or intermittent gas supply, motor can be realized the conversion mutually automatically of two kinds of fuel, guarantee not intermittent running of motor, its process is as follows:
With oily operating mechanism 6, motor is arranged on the best gives and put rotation speed n
Ye(seeing (2) formula); Then, use gas operating mechanism 14,, engine load is added to the load that needs, but generally is not more than sustained capacity by gas speed regulator 4 and tolerance controlling mechanism 5.At this moment, motor is to turn round under rated engine speed, no matter watt level, its oil mass must be the minimum oil volume that allows.
Motor bleed pressure occurs and descends in above operating mode running, certainly will cause that rotating speed reduces; The centrifugal force that flies iron group 17 of gas speed regulator certainly will reduce so, make gas lever 16 disequilibriums, put to the right by 15 pullings of controlled atmosphere speed spring, connecting rod 18 by tolerance controlling mechanism 5, the aperture of throttle valve 19 is further strengthened, allow more rock gas pass through, increase the energy of working medium, prevent engine speed to descend.If air pressure continues to descend, the aperture of throttle valve 19 has arrived maximum, still can not prevent rotating speed to descend, and proves gas speed regulator 4 impotentia control engine running.Engine speed is lower than the information of original rotating speed, passes to oily speed regulator 2 as instruction, and so, oily speed regulator 2 will begin to take over gas speed regulator 4, carries out the function of control engine loading running.Because, at n
Qy＜n
eThe time, (3) formula is become inequality, find the solution G
y＞G
MinBe separating of inequality; From accompanying drawing, work as n
QY＜n
e, in the oily speed regulator 2, oil flies the centrifugal of iron group 9 and reduces, make oily lever 8 disequilibriums, put to the right by the pulling of the contractile force of oily governor spring 7, by the tooth bar connecting rod 11 in the oil amount regulating mechanism 3, Injection Pump 12 is refueled, increase the working medium energy, prevent engine speed to descend; And the rotating speed that descends is many more, and it is many more that Injection Pump 12 increases oil mass, with the effective capacity that equates, the minimizing of supplemental natural gas amount.
Can obtain the following operating condition of fuel transfer process according to (3) formula:
A.n
QY=n
eThe time, G
y=G
MinDiesel oil igniting rock gas operating condition.
B.n
QY=n
YeThe time, G
y=G
oDiesel oil-rock gas mixes operating condition.
C.n
QY＜n
YeThe time, G
y＞G
oDiesel oil-rock gas mixes operating condition.
D.n
QY≤ n
Ye-(n
Max-n
e) time; Full diesel oil operating condition.
If rock gas recovers normal pressure gradually, so, motor will return to rated speed gradually, and oil mass also will reduce to minimum oil volume G gradually
Min, this fuel transfer process does not describe in detail for this reason.
Above-described the best is given and is put rotation speed n
Ye, show motor as long as at rated engine speed n
eRunning, no matter payload, always employed diesel oil minimum oil volume; If n
y＜n
Ye, when rock gas is under-supply, in the time of need being replenished automatically by diesel oil, its conversion rotating speed is not n
QY＜n
e, but n
QY＜n
e-(n
Ye-n
e); When rock gas is broken off, it is not n that motor becomes the minimum speed that full diesel oil running kept
QY＜n
Ye-(n
Max-n
e); But n
Qy＜n
Ye-(n
Max-n
e)-(n
Ye-n
y).So, at n
y＜n
YeThe time, when fuel was changed automatically, the rotation speed change of motor was to increase.In like manner, if n
y＞n
Ye, motor turns round appraising and deciding under the rotating speed, and its oil mass is not G
Min, but G
y＞G
MinN thus
y=n
YeBe the best.
Above-described minimum oil volume G
MinConcrete numerical value, determine that through stand test repeatedly and through the endurance test examination want to try to achieve littler than this value, that is selected for use than the routine even part of small dimension size more only in oil amount regulating mechanism and oil sprayer.But the performance in the time of can influencing the full diesel oil running of motor than conventional littler even part.So, whether select littler even part for use, should decide according to the use occasion of motor.
Transport Machinery changes at any time with engine speed, because mainly turn round under speed characteristics, there is no need to stablize engine speed, so, can replace gas speed regulator 4 by the driver, direct manipulation tolerance controlling mechanism 5.But, oily speed regulator 2 should be arranged on the unloaded minimum stable speed of walking around of full diesel oil, and when guaranteeing the Transport Machinery Parking, motor still can be in idling under the slow-speed of revolution.
Diesel oil---the natural gas engine of using on the oil field oil recovery pumping unit can be by artificial displace oil speed regulator 2, direct manipulation oil amount regulating mechanism 3, the full diesel oil running of chien shih motor in short-term.After treating that associated gas comes out, by manually converting diesel oil igniting rock gas operating condition to; Diesel oil is limited in minimum oil volume, turns round under governor control characteristics by gas regulator 4 control motors fully.
The parking if motor need stop working can be stirred the tooth bar connecting rod 11 in the oil amount regulating mechanism 3 by driver's switching stop mechanism 13, makes oil spray pump 12 oil-breaks, and motor is flame-out immediately to stop.
Do not give unnecessary details for this reason about the process of carrying out the fuel conversion by driver control.
Claims (6)
1, conversion of a kind of fuel of diesel oil-natural gas engine and oil saving method, the necessary device of implementing this method is to go up in a diesel oil-natural gas engine main body (1) an oily speed regulator (2), a cover oil amount regulating mechanism (3), a gas speed regulator (4), a cover controlled atmosphere joint mechanism (5) are installed, it is characterized in that: the independent respectively control gentle controlling mechanism of oil amount regulating mechanism (3) (5) of the gentle speed regulator of oily speed regulator (2) (4), two speed regulators are accepted the rotating speed control of motor respectively; Oil mass limiter (10) is installed between oily speed regulator (2) and oil amount regulating mechanism (3) to be cooperated with it.
2, according to the fuel conversion and the oil saving method of the described diesel oil-natural gas engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the step of its enforcement is:
A, be determined by experiment the minimum ignition oil mass, and limit by oil mass limiter (10);
B, determine the rotating speed that presets of motor;
C, by control oily speed regulator (2), engine speed is stabilized in presets rotating speed;
D, by control gas speed regulator (4), make engine speed rise to working speed;
Load increase and decrease in E, the work is stablized engine running by control gas speed regulator;
F, natural gas supply amount change, and accept engine rotational speed signal respectively by oil, two speed regulators of gas, control two kinds of fuel and change automatically, stablize engine running.
3, according to the fuel conversion and the oil saving method of the described diesel oil-natural gas engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the definite method that presets rotating speed is:
n
y=n
QY-(G
o-G
y) (n
Max-n
e)/(G
e-G
o) in the formula:
n
y---the rotating speed (r/min) that is provided with is earlier given in full diesel oil no-load running by purposes;
n
Qy---the rotating speed (r/min) in the engine operation;
n
e---engine calibration rotating speed (r/min);
n
Max---under full diesel oil 12 one-hour ratings, unload the unloaded stabilized (steady-state) speed (r/min) after the most load;
G
o---the oil mass (g/ jig frequency) of full diesel oil no-load running;
G
e---the oil mass (g/ jig frequency) during full diesel oil 12 one-hour ratings.
G
y---be subjected to the minimum oil volume (g/ jig frequency) of oily speed regulator restriction.
4, according to the fuel conversion and the oil saving method of claim 2 or 3 described diesel oil-natural gas engines, it is characterized in that: the diesel oil-natural gas engine for Transport Machinery is used is defined as full diesel oil idling speed presetting rotating speed.
5, according to the fuel conversion and the oil saving method of the diesel oil-natural gas engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in oil amount regulating mechanism and oil sprayer, use than the conventional more even part of small dimension to replace former mating part.
6, according to the fuel conversion and the oil saving method of the diesel oil-natural gas engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: enjoy by driver's displace oil speed regulator or gas speed regulator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99112158A CN1098418C (en) | 1999-04-07 | 1999-04-07 | Fuel altering and saving method for diesel oil/natura gas engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99112158A CN1098418C (en) | 1999-04-07 | 1999-04-07 | Fuel altering and saving method for diesel oil/natura gas engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1269464A CN1269464A (en) | 2000-10-11 |
| CN1098418C true CN1098418C (en) | 2003-01-08 |
Family
ID=5275488
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99112158A Expired - Fee Related CN1098418C (en) | 1999-04-07 | 1999-04-07 | Fuel altering and saving method for diesel oil/natura gas engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1098418C (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4619240A (en) * | 1982-10-30 | 1986-10-28 | Anker Gram & Associates Ltd. | Fuel oil injection engine |
| CN1074976A (en) * | 1992-09-14 | 1993-08-04 | 新疆石油管理局塔西南勘探开发公司 | Transforming diesel engine is the method for duel fuel engine |
-
1999
- 1999-04-07 CN CN99112158A patent/CN1098418C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4619240A (en) * | 1982-10-30 | 1986-10-28 | Anker Gram & Associates Ltd. | Fuel oil injection engine |
| CN1074976A (en) * | 1992-09-14 | 1993-08-04 | 新疆石油管理局塔西南勘探开发公司 | Transforming diesel engine is the method for duel fuel engine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1269464A (en) | 2000-10-11 |
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