CN109841809A - A kind of preparation method of Na3V2 (PO4) 3/C porous microsphere sodium-ion battery positive material - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of Na3V2 (PO4) 3/C porous microsphere sodium-ion battery positive material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109841809A CN109841809A CN201910008828.4A CN201910008828A CN109841809A CN 109841809 A CN109841809 A CN 109841809A CN 201910008828 A CN201910008828 A CN 201910008828A CN 109841809 A CN109841809 A CN 109841809A
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Na3V2(PO4)3The preparation method of/C porous microsphere sodium-ion battery positive material is prepared in conjunction with spray drying using intermediate liquid phase method, comprises the concrete steps that and weigh sodium source, vanadium source and C6H12N4Deionized water is added, stirring is completely dissolved to it, transfers them in hydro-thermal liner, 12 ~ 48h of hydro-thermal in 100 ~ 180 DEG C of convection oven, phosphorus source and organic carbon source is added after obtaining clear solution natural cooling, stirring, which is completely dissolved to solution, becomes orange-yellow.Obtained solution is spray-dried in nitrogen atmosphere, inlet temperature is 180 ~ 200 DEG C, and outlet temperature is 100 ~ 120 DEG C.By the presoma microballoon obtained by spraying with 3 ~ 5 DEG C of min‑1Then 300 ~ 350 DEG C pre-burning 3 ~ 5 hours under argon gas are sintered 5 ~ 10h at 750 ~ 850 DEG C, obtain Na after natural cooling3V2(PO4)3/ C porous microsphere.Intermediate liquid phase method is combined spray drying preparation Na for the first time by the present invention3V2(PO4)3/ C sodium-ion battery cathode.The synthesis technology Material cladding is uniform, morphology controllable；Electrochemical property test shows it with apparent charge and discharge platform and preferable cyclical stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE sodium-ion battery anode, in particular to a kind of Na3V2(PO4)3/ C porous microsphere
The preparation method of sodium-ion battery positive material, belongs to field of electrochemical power source.
Background technique
The energy is the material base for supporting entire human civilization.With the high speed development of social economy, people are to the energy
Interdependency constantly improves.Currently, traditional fossil energy such as coal, petroleum, natural gas etc. is used by a large amount of exploitation, atmosphere is dirty
Dye, greenhouse gases discharge the problems such as become increasingly conspicuous, directly affect people's lives.Along with the energy crisis got worse
And environmental pollution, changing existing unreasonable energy resource structure is the matter of utmost importance that human kind sustainable development is faced.Therefore, it finds
Reproducible clean and environmental protection alternative energy source is extremely urgent.The renewable cleaning energy such as the wind energy, water energy, the solar energy that develop and use at present
Source has randomness and intermittence, therefore developing high-performance energy storage device is a new challenge again.
Lithium ion battery has been widely used as a kind of high performance energy storage device, from such as mobile electricity of miniaturized electronics
Words and laptop, to more and more electric cars and large-scale energy storage device.However, lithium resource is insufficient and relatively high
The potential problems in terms of cost revealing lithium ion battery is long-term and large-scale application.Sodium-ion battery is considered as a kind of reason
The substitute thought, wherein polyanion monoclinic system Na3V2(PO4)3, there is quick Na+Transportable NASICON skeleton is
A kind of up-and-coming sodium-ion battery positive material, however Na3V2(PO4)3Electron electric conductivity it is poor, lead to electrode material
It is insufficient in terms of high rate performance and cycle performance, it is hindered its practical application.A kind of effective method is by Na3V2
(PO4)3The conductive path that uniformly compound and building is suitble to carbon, to promote the chemical property of material.Meanwhile shorten sodium from
Sub- diffusion path is also beneficial to enhancing Na3V2(PO4)3Sodium activity is stored up, to promote its chemical property.Based on background above, originally
Patent combines spraying sintering process using intermediate liquid phase method, is prepared for porous Na3V2(PO4)3/ C complex microsphere, using it as sodium
Ion battery positive electrode shows good chemical property, has stronger application value.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to Na2CO3、V2O5、NH4H2PO4And C6H12N4For raw material, pass through intermediate liquid phase method knot
It closes spraying sintering process and prepares porous Na3V2(PO4)3/ C microballoon, as sodium-ion battery positive material.Its technical concept is
With Na2CO3、V2O5、C6H12N4For raw material, intermediate liquid phase is formed by hydro-thermal reaction, then introduces NH in intermediate liquid phase4H2PO4
And carbon source, being sufficiently stirred mixes various composition uniformly, and gained liquid is then obtained microsphere particle by spray drying.Sintering
In the process, solid phase reaction substep carries out, and at a lower temperature, first generates sodium vanadate, further reacts under high temperature and generate Na3V2
(PO4)3.During this, gradually volume change will maintain product spherical morphology, and generate hole configurations.Meanwhile carbon source in-situ carbon
Change, with Na3V2(PO4)3It is uniformly compound.Finally, it obtains whole being in porous structure, part is by Na3V2(PO4)3It is uniformly compound with carbon
The microballoon of nano particle composition.The good sodium ion transmission characteristic of microballoon and excellent electric conductivity synergistic effect make its as sodium from
Sub- cell positive material shows preferable chemical property.
A kind of preparation method of the invention specifically: Na3V2(PO4)3The preparation method of/C sodium-ion battery positive material,
Wherein, Na3V2(PO4)3The mass fraction of carbon is 5% ~ 10% in/C porous microsphere, and the preparation process of the material is as follows:
(1) Na is weighed2CO3、V2O5And carbon source, deionized water is added, stirs to it and is completely dissolved；
(2) step (1) obtained solution is transferred in hydrothermal reaction kettle liner, deionized water is added, in convection oven
100 ~ 180 DEG C of 12 ~ 48h of reaction；
(3) NH is added after step (2) being obtained clear solution cooled to room temperature4H2PO4And C6H12N4, stir to completely molten
Solution；
(4) the presoma microballoon for being spray-dried the solution that step (3) obtains in nitrogen atmosphere, by the presoma microballoon
Under an inert atmosphere, with 3 ~ 5 DEG C/min-1Heating rate be warming up to 300 ~ 350 DEG C, pre-burning 3 ~ 5 hours, then 750 ~ 850
It is sintered 5 ~ 10h at DEG C, obtains Na after natural cooling3V2(PO4)3/ C porous microsphere.
Na in the step (1)2CO3、V2O5, carbon source molar ratio be 1-2:1:2.5-4.
The Na2CO3、V2O5, carbon source molar ratio be 3:2:6.
Hydrothermal temperature is 100 DEG C in the step (2), reaction time 48h.
Spray drying inlet temperature is 180 ~ 200 DEG C in the step (4), and outlet temperature is 100 ~ 120 DEG C.
Spray drying inlet temperature is 200 DEG C in the step (4), and outlet temperature is 120 DEG C.
Sintering step is under an argon atmosphere, with 3 DEG C of min in the step (4)-1After heating rate is warming up to 350 DEG C
Pre-burning 5 hours, 10h then was sintered at 800 DEG C.
The carbon source includes C6H12N4, citric acid, glucose, sucrose, ascorbic acid, any one in oxalic acid.
The present invention provides a kind of intermediate liquid phase method combination spray drying preparation Na3V2(PO4)3/ C porous microsphere sodium ion electricity
Intermediate liquid phase method is combined spray drying preparation Na for the first time by pond anode3V2(PO4)3/ C sodium-ion battery cathode.The synthesis technology
Material cladding is uniform, morphology controllable；Gained sample crystallization is functional, purity is high；Electrochemical property test shows it with bright
Aobvious charge and discharge platform and preferable cyclical stability.
Related material and preparation method have following outstanding feature:
(1) synthesis technology is consistent with industrial technology, and synthesis cost is cheap；
(2) Na prepared by3V2(PO4)3/ C composite is generally spherical, is made of a large amount of nano particles, and porous knot is presented
Structure；
(3) Na prepared by3V2(PO4)3In/C composite, Na3V2(PO4)3Nano particle and carbon are uniformly multiple in micro-scale
It closes；
(4) Na prepared by3V2(PO4)3/ C sodium-ion battery has higher capacity and good cyclical stability, in sodium ion electricity
It is had potential application in pond.
Detailed description of the invention
The XRD diagram of sample prepared by Fig. 1 embodiment 1.
The SEM of sample prepared by Fig. 2 embodiment 1 schemes.
(a) of sample prepared by Fig. 3 embodiment 1 charge and discharge curve graph and (b) cycle performance figure for the first time.
(a) of sample prepared by Fig. 4 embodiment 2 charge and discharge curve graph and (b) cycle performance figure for the first time.
(a) of sample prepared by Fig. 5 embodiment 3 charge and discharge curve graph and (b) cycle performance figure for the first time.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Weigh the Na of 4.5mmol2CO3With the V of 3mmol2O5It is added in beaker, the sucrose (C of 5mmol is added12H22O11), addition
Deionized water, stirring 30min are completely dissolved to it, transfer them in hydro-thermal liner, addition deionized water to liner volume
80%, the hydro-thermal 48h in 100 DEG C of convection oven.It obtains clear solution cooled to room temperature and is transferred to beaker, weigh
The H of 9mmol4H2PO4And the C of 8mmol6H12N4It is dissolved in solution, stirring 30min, which is completely dissolved to solution, becomes orange-yellow.Will
To solution be spray-dried in nitrogen atmosphere, inlet temperature be 200 DEG C, outlet temperature be 120 DEG C.The forerunner that will be obtained by spraying
Body microballoon is with 3 DEG C of min-1Then 350 DEG C pre-burning 5 hours under argon gas are sintered 10h at 800 DEG C, obtain after natural cooling
Na3V2(PO4)3/ C porous microsphere.Prepared sample is through XRD diagram spectrum analysis as shown in Figure 1, resulting diffraction maximum and Na3V2
(PO4)3(JCPDS, no53-0018) is corresponding, and carbon content too ebb is blanked, shows successfully to be prepared for Na3V2(PO4)3/ C is multiple
Condensation material.SEM characterization is carried out to sample, as seen from Figure 2, it is in more hollow structures that prepared material, which is spherical,.It will implement
Battery is made in the resulting material of example as follows: be by weight 8:1 by sample obtained and acetylene black and Kynoar:
1 ratio mixing, adjoins pyrrolidone using N- methyl and slurry is made as solvent, on the copper foil coated in 10 μ m thicks, does at 60 DEG C
After dry 10 hours, it is cut into the disk of diameter 14mm, is dried in vacuo 12 hours at 120 DEG C.With metallic sodium piece be to electrode,
Celgard2400 film is diaphragm, is dissolved with NaPF6EC+DEC (volume ratio 1:1) solution of (1mol/L) is electrolyte, in argon
CR2032 type battery is assembled into the glove box of gas shielded.Battery pack stands 8 hours after installing, then with CT2001 battery testing system
System carries out constant current charge-discharge test, and test voltage is 2.5 ~ 4.2V, and current density is 0.5C (theoretical capacity 118mAh g-1), such as
Fig. 3 is prepared Na3V2(PO4)3The curve of charge and discharge for the first time and cycle performance figure of/C sodium-ion battery anode.As schemed
Show, charge and discharge specific capacity distinguishes 158.7 and 120.0mAh g for the first time-1, have apparent charge and discharge platform, after recycling 120 times
Charge and discharge capacity is respectively 119.5 and 119.3mAh g-1, it is shown that preferable chemical property.
Embodiment 2
Weigh the Na of 4.5mmol2CO3With the V of 3mmol2O5It is added in beaker, the C of 5mmol is added6H12N4, add deionization
Water, stirring 30min are completely dissolved to it, transfer them in hydro-thermal liner, addition deionized water to the 80% of liner volume,
Hydro-thermal is for 24 hours in 120 DEG C of convection oven.It obtains clear solution cooled to room temperature and is transferred to beaker, weigh 9mmol's
H4H2PO4And the C of 8mmol6H12N4It is dissolved in solution, stirring 30min, which is completely dissolved to solution, becomes orange-yellow.It is molten by what is obtained
Liquid is spray-dried in nitrogen atmosphere, and inlet temperature is 200 DEG C, and outlet temperature is 120 DEG C.The presoma microballoon that will be obtained by spraying
With 3 DEG C of min-1Then 350 DEG C pre-burning 5 hours under argon gas are sintered 10h at 750 DEG C, obtain Na after natural cooling3V2
(PO4)3/ C porous microsphere.Battery is made in the resulting material of embodiment as follows: by sample obtained and acetylene black and being gathered
Vinylidene is the ratio mixing of 8:1:1 by weight, adjoins pyrrolidone using N- methyl and slurry is made as solvent, be coated in 10 μ m-thicks
On the copper foil of degree, after 10 hours dry at 60 DEG C, it is cut into the disk of diameter 14mm, is dried in vacuo 12 hours at 120 DEG C.
It is to electrode with metallic sodium piece, Celgard2400 film is diaphragm, is dissolved with NaPF6(1mol/L) EC+DEC (volume ratio 1:
1) solution is electrolyte, is assembled into CR2032 type battery in the glove box of argon gas protection.Battery pack stands 8 hours after installing,
Constant current charge-discharge test is carried out with CT2001 battery test system again, test voltage is 2.5 ~ 4.2V, and current density is 0.5C (reason
By capacity 118mAh g-1), if Fig. 3 is prepared Na3V2(PO4)3The curve of charge and discharge for the first time of/C sodium-ion battery anode and
Cycle performance figure.As shown, charge and discharge specific capacity distinguishes 154.3 and 110.6mAh g for the first time-1, have apparent charge and discharge flat
Platform, charge and discharge capacity is respectively 111.6 and 111.2mAh g after recycling 120 times-1, it is shown that preferable chemical property.
Embodiment 3
Weigh the Na of 4.5mmol2CO3With the V of 3mmol2O5It is added in beaker, the citric acid (C of 5mmol is added6H8O7), addition
Deionized water, stirring 30min are completely dissolved to it, transfer them in hydro-thermal liner, addition deionized water to liner volume
80%, the hydro-thermal 12h in 160 DEG C of convection oven.It obtains clear solution cooled to room temperature and is transferred to beaker, weigh
The H of 9mmol4H2PO4And the C of 8mmol6H12N4It is dissolved in solution, stirring 30min, which is completely dissolved to solution, becomes orange-yellow.Will
To solution be spray-dried in nitrogen atmosphere, inlet temperature be 200 DEG C, outlet temperature be 120 DEG C.The forerunner that will be obtained by spraying
Body microballoon is with 3 DEG C of min-1Then 350 DEG C pre-burning 5 hours under argon gas are sintered 10h at 800 DEG C, obtain after natural cooling
Na3V2(PO4)3/ C porous microsphere.Battery is made in the resulting material of embodiment as follows: by sample obtained and acetylene
Black and Kynoar is the ratio mixing of 8:1:1 by weight, adjoins pyrrolidone using N- methyl and slurry is made as solvent, be coated in
On the copper foil of 10 μ m thicks, after 10 hours dry at 60 DEG C, it is cut into the disk of diameter 14mm, is dried in vacuo at 120 DEG C
12 hours.It is to electrode with metallic sodium piece, Celgard2400 film is diaphragm, is dissolved with NaPF6EC+DEC (the body of (1mol/L)
Product ratio is 1:1) solution is electrolyte, CR2032 type battery is assembled into the glove box that argon gas is protected.Battery pack installs rear quiet
It sets 8 hours, then carries out constant current charge-discharge test with CT2001 battery test system, test voltage is 2.5 ~ 4.2V, current density
For 1C (theoretical capacity 118mAh g-1), if Fig. 3 is prepared Na3V2(PO4)3/ C sodium-ion battery anode is filled for the first time, is put
Electric curve and cycle performance figure.As shown, charge and discharge specific capacity distinguishes 108.1 and 96.6mAh g for the first time-1, have apparent
Charge and discharge platform, charge and discharge capacity is respectively 96.3 and 95.9mAh g after recycling 120 times-1, it is shown that preferable electrochemistry
Performance.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Na3V2(PO4)3The preparation method of/C sodium-ion battery positive material, wherein Na3V2(PO4)3In/C porous microsphere
The mass fraction of carbon is 5% ~ 10%, which is characterized in that the preparation process of the material is as follows:
(1) Na is weighed2CO3、V2O5And carbon source, deionized water is added, stirs to it and is completely dissolved；
(2) step (1) obtained solution is transferred in hydrothermal reaction kettle liner, deionized water is added, in convection oven
100 ~ 180 DEG C of 12 ~ 48h of reaction；
(3) NH will be added after clear solution cooled to room temperature that step (2) obtains4H2PO4And C6H12N4, stir to completely molten
Solution；
(4) the presoma microballoon for being spray-dried the solution that step (3) obtains in nitrogen atmosphere, by the presoma microballoon
Under an inert atmosphere, with 3 ~ 5 DEG C/min-1Heating rate be warming up to 300 ~ 350 DEG C, pre-burning 3 ~ 5 hours, then 750 ~ 850
It is sintered 5 ~ 10h at DEG C, obtains Na after natural cooling3V2(PO4)3/ C porous microsphere.
2. Na described in claim 13V2(PO4)3The preparation method of/C sodium-ion battery positive material, which is characterized in that step
(1) Na in2CO3、V2O5, carbon source molar ratio be 1-2:1:2.5-4.
3. Na as claimed in claim 23V2(PO4)3The preparation method of/C sodium-ion battery positive material, which is characterized in that
Na2CO3、V2O5, carbon source molar ratio be 1.5:1:3.
4. Na described in claim 13V2(PO4)3The preparation method of/C sodium-ion battery positive material, which is characterized in that step
(2) hydrothermal temperature is 100 DEG C in, reaction time 48h.
5. Na described in claim 13V2(PO4)3The preparation method of/C sodium-ion battery positive material, which is characterized in that step
(4) spray drying inlet temperature is 180 ~ 200 DEG C in, and outlet temperature is 100 ~ 120 DEG C.
6. Na described in claim 53V2(PO4)3The preparation method of/C sodium-ion battery positive material, which is characterized in that step
(4) spray drying inlet temperature is 200 DEG C in, and outlet temperature is 120 DEG C.
7. Na described in claim 13V2(PO4)3The preparation method of/C sodium-ion battery positive material, which is characterized in that step
(4) sintering step is under an argon atmosphere, with 3 DEG C of min in-1Pre-burning 5 hours, then exist after heating rate is warming up to 350 DEG C
10h is sintered at 800 DEG C.
8. Na described in claim 13V2(PO4)3The preparation method of/C sodium-ion battery positive material, which is characterized in that described
Carbon source include C6H12N4, citric acid, glucose, sucrose, ascorbic acid, any one in oxalic acid.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113764662A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-12-07 | 武汉理工大学 | Carbon-coated vanadium-titanium-manganese-sodium phosphate micro-spheres and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN104466099A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-03-25 | 中南大学 | High-voltage lithium cobaltate based composite cathode material of lithium ion battery and preparation method of high-voltage lithium cobaltate based composite cathode material |
| CN107195886A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-22 | 中南大学 | A kind of pyrophosphoric acid vanadium sodium@carbon composite anode materials, preparation and application |
| CN107492635A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-12-19 | 三峡大学 | A kind of compound sodium-ion battery positive material Na3V2(PO4)3/ C and preparation method thereof |
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| EP2355214A1 (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2011-08-10 | Prayon | Lithium accumulators based on lithiated iron phosphate and carbon |
| CN104466099A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-03-25 | 中南大学 | High-voltage lithium cobaltate based composite cathode material of lithium ion battery and preparation method of high-voltage lithium cobaltate based composite cathode material |
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Application publication date: 20190604 |