CN109840269A - Data relationship visual management method based on four layer data frameworks - Google Patents
Data relationship visual management method based on four layer data frameworks Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of data relationship visual management methods based on four layer data frameworks, it includes obtaining data standard, construct four layer data frameworks, data are loaded into original data layer as former state according to interface standard, valid data are mapped to theme detailed data layer according to theme standard, data summarization is formed into collect statistics data layer according to subject analysis demand, view and external interface are set to application layer to be formed using data Layer, data center and four layer data framework data are synchronized, the data flow diagram presented with visual pattern is generated.The present invention by constructing four layer data frameworks in the database, initial data is handled according to interface standard and theme standard, each layer data being respectively formed in four layer data frameworks, it is synchronous that data finally are carried out using data center, generate visualized data flow graph, the display for realizing data source and data relationship can satisfy the demand that user carries out data management.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of data administration, and in particular to a kind of data relationship based on four layer data frameworks is visual
Change management method.
Background technique
Colleges and universities' information construction in recent years gradually moves towards Intelligent campus from digitization campus, with teachers and students' service that data are driving
The application of the wisdom such as optimization, aid decision, teaching and scientific research synergy all comes into development plan.Data center is as basic facility
It plays an important role, current colleges and universities' Constructing data center is there are two trend is changed, first is that data refine, second is that data are complete
Face.Fining is embodied in colleges and universities and all takes much count of data improvement, gradually establishes and propulsion data management system.Data generalization table
Now, in addition to the master data to basis swaps the Process Character shared, colleges and universities most attention teachers and students generate in various activities
Data, for example student is in school behavioral data, education process data, process of scientific research data etc..
It is also following Constructing data center or even information work that the trend of data fining and generalization, which is inevitable,
Direction.Traditional Constructing data center mainly solves the problems, such as each department, colleges and universities data silo, realizes basic data concentration
It manages, achieve the purpose that data share exchange.But the timeliness problem of data quality problem, data standard, data are synchronous, scarce
The problems such as mistake problem and historical data management, is still very universal, and on the one hand previous focus is mainly that the master data on basis is handed over
It changes, the management difficulty of the another aspect quality of data is big, lacks tool and standard, in more extensive state, administers to data
Attention degree it is also not high enough, in system also lack ensure.
Nowadays the data that various application systems generate are more and more, are getting faster, at the same teachers and students' service, management, decision, with
And the various activities of teaching and scientific research are also higher and higher to the requirement of the quality of data, data integrity and confidence level.Data fining and
It is finer that the trend of generalization requires the work of data management to be done, and more comprehensively, institutional guarantee will more give power, not only solve
Data have no problem, also want that continuing, comprehensively administering for data can be supported.
Then, previous traditional data management gimmick must make corresponding adjustment, and to solve, data volume is more, content is multiple
Miscellaneous, the problems such as quality is bad, operating difficulties.It follows that proposing that a kind of scientific and practical data managing method seems especially
It is important.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the invention is: in order to solve, data standard present in existing data management processes is out-of-date, counts
According to integration and control amount is big, content is complicated, data center's data are imperfect, the quality of data is not high, process data missing, number
According to treatment process management without interface without unified presentation mode the problems such as, the invention proposes one kind be based on four layer data frameworks
Data relationship visual management method.
The technical scheme is that a kind of data relationship visual management method based on four layer data frameworks, including
Following steps:
A, data standard, including interface standard and theme standard are obtained；
B, four layer data frameworks, including original data layer, theme detailed data layer, collect statistics number are constructed in the database
According to layer and apply data Layer；
C, the original number being loaded into the data of each system as former state according to the interface standard in step A in four layer data frameworks
According to layer；
D, the valid data in original data layer are mapped to by theme detailed data layer according to the theme standard in step A；
E, distribution subject detailed data layer data is carried out by coarseness processing according to subject analysis demand and summarized,
Form collect statistics data layer；
F, the view for needing externally to show and external interface are set to application layer, are formed and applies data Layer；
G, data center and each layer data in four layer data frameworks are synchronized, what generation was presented with visual pattern
Data flow diagram, and the relationship between trace back data source and data is carried out by the way to manage of primitive data.
Further, user and corresponding authority point is arranged by establishing different user in four layer data frameworks in the step B
It is other that original data layer, theme detailed data layer, collect statistics data layer and application data Layer are managed.
Further, original data layer reflects the data and key data of each system interface load in the step C
Change procedure, while data loading time, more new state and renewal time is added.
Further, the valid data in original data layer are mapped to by the step D according to the theme standard in step A
Theme detailed data layer specifically: passed through the data in original data layer according to the mapping ruler of the theme standard in step A
ETL tool is cleaned, conversion map is handled, and forms subject data base relevant to theme.
Further, distribution subject detailed data layer data is carried out coarseness according to subject analysis demand by the step E
Change and handle and summarized, form collect statistics data layer specifically: according to subject analysis demand, including statistics theme, statistics
Dimension, statistical measures and basic business index count the data of theme detailed data layer using data center's interconnection respectively
It calculates, theme detailed data layer data is subjected to coarseness processing and summarizes, form collect statistics data layer.
Further, the view for needing externally to show and external interface are set to application layer by the step F, form application
Data Layer specifically: door data view to be shown, report centre data view, individual center data will be needed in data center
View and external interface are set to application layer, are formed and apply data Layer.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention passes through constructs four layer data frameworks in the database, according to interface standard
Initial data is handled with theme standard, each layer data being respectively formed in four layer data frameworks, finally using in data
It is synchronous that the heart carries out data, generates visualized data flow graph, realizes the display of data source and data relationship, can satisfy user into
The demand of row data management.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the data relationship visual management method of the invention based on four layer data frameworks；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of four layer data frameworks in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the data flow diagram of four layer data frameworks in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is ODS layer data zipper operation schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the data relationship schematic diagram of visualized data flow graph in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the full-text data visual search schematic diagram of visualized data flow graph in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the process for the data relationship visual management method of the invention based on four layer data frameworks is shown
It is intended to；A kind of data relationship visual management method based on four layer data frameworks, comprising the following steps:
A, data standard, including interface standard and theme standard are obtained；
B, four layer data frameworks, including original data layer, theme detailed data layer, collect statistics number are constructed in the database
According to layer and apply data Layer；
C, the original number being loaded into the data of each system as former state according to the interface standard in step A in four layer data frameworks
According to layer；
D, the valid data in original data layer are mapped to by theme detailed data layer according to the theme standard in step A；
E, distribution subject detailed data layer data is carried out by coarseness processing according to subject analysis demand and summarized,
Form collect statistics data layer；
F, the view for needing externally to show and external interface are set to application layer, are formed and applies data Layer；
G, data center and each layer data in four layer data frameworks are synchronized, what generation was presented with visual pattern
Data flow diagram, and the relationship between trace back data source and data is carried out by the way to manage of primitive data.
In an alternate embodiment of the present invention where, above-mentioned steps A obtains data standard, and data standard includes interface standard
With theme standard, interface standard includes uplink standard and downlink standard, and uplink standard is that each operation system data are connect by uplink
Mouth enters the interface standard of original layers, and downlink standard is interface standard externally, open to third party's operation system.
The present invention is first investigated the interface standard of each operation system of institute's data, and system manufacturer is according to interface standard
Data resource interface and " Vendor Interface document ", database information and corresponding authority are provided, to obtain interface standard；
Subject data standard is investigated again, the newest national colleges and universities standard of colleges and universities' subject data is " middle Chinese at present
1006-2012 educational management information college and university management information of people republic education sector standard JY/T ", implement personnel according to
The major system of school is investigated in national standard, rejoin school's real data situation draft it is simultaneous not only with reference to national standard
The subject data library standard for belonging to school of Gu Liao school actual conditions, data integrity is including but not limited to national standard.
Data standard is divided by theme, and can be completely embodied in above the theme detailed data layer of four layer data frameworks.
In an alternate embodiment of the present invention where, above-mentioned steps B establishes different users in oracle database, if
User and corresponding authority are set respectively to original data layer, the theme detailed data layer, collect statistics data in four layer data frameworks
Layer and application data Layer are managed.As shown in Fig. 2, for the structural schematic diagram of four layer data frameworks in the embodiment of the present invention.
User ODS_USER is arranged in original data layer (ODS, Operational Data Srore), realizes to initial data
Layer is managed；
User TDS_USER, realization pair is arranged in theme detailed data layer (TDS, Thematic Detial Data Store)
Theme detailed data layer is managed；
User SMY_USER is arranged in collect statistics data layer (SMY, Summary Data Store), realizes to collect statistics
Data Layer is managed；
User SER_USER is set using data Layer (SER Service Layer), realizes that application data layer carries out pipe
Reason.
In an alternate embodiment of the present invention where, above-mentioned steps C is according to the interface standard in step A by the number of each system
According to the original data layer being loaded into four layer data frameworks as former state, original data layer reflect the load of each system interface data and
The change procedure of key data, and any processing, conversion process are not had, while data loading time, more new state is added
And renewal time.
The interface standard for each operation system that the present invention is provided according to institute, uses ETL (Extract-Transform-
Load, data warehouse technology) data in each operation system of school are loaded into original data layer, initial data by tool as it is
Layer includes master data and business datum, and is classified by operation system；If there is data quality checking, then in interface standard
It determines quality of data relevant field (such as significant field, time field), and is embodied at ODS layers.
The present invention carries out significant notation to the initial data of original data layer, including when insertion time, renewal time, deletion
Between.For that may be changed during master data (such as: student's essential information, teacher's essential information), then according to historical query
Data form data zipper, checked convenient for what contingency question data tracing and data updated.
The present invention adds following three fields in original data layer:
C_FLAG: flag bit, S represent effectively record, I and represent invalid record, and new record is defaulted as " S " into table；
C_InsertTimeDCI: the record insertion system time is represented, also represents what it came into force for a historical record
Time, new record are defaulted as present system time into table；
C_UpdateTime: represent record the final updating time, also represented for a historical record it fail when
Between；
Add the SQL statement of three fields for example:
alter table table nameadd C_FLAG char(1)default'S'；
alter table table name add C_InsertTimeDCI Date default CURRENT_Date；
alter table table name add C_UpdateTime Date default NULL；
Comment on column table name.C_FLAG is' flag bit: S represents effectively record, and I represents invalid
Record '；
Comment on column table name.C_InsertTimeDCI is' represents the record insertion system time,
Also represented for a historical record time that it comes into force '；
Comment on column table name.C_UpdateTime is' represents the record final updating time, right
Also the time that it fails is represented for one historical record.
The present invention is main to the calculation of data in original data layer are as follows:
It searches the currently active data of this table: being that " S " is filtered by C_FLAG；
A record is searched earliest into system time: i.e. the record according to time sequence earliest one C_ recorded
InsertTimeDCI；
It searches one and records the duration that comes into force: C_UpdateTime-C_InsertTimeDCI；
It searches the table how many item record and variation occurred: the data volume that C_FLAG is " I " is found out, if also needed
Other conditions, then be filtered according to the actual situation.
As shown in figure 4, for ODS layer data zipper operation schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.The present invention is to number in data source
It handles to obtain data of newly arriving according to using field selection, data in ODS layers original is handled to obtain legacy data using field selection, it will
Data of newly arriving and legacy data merge generation and merge record, and are filtered by C_FLAG for " S " and filter out constant note
Record, constant data filtering is fallen, do-nothing operation is denoted as, to improve efficiency, while defining present system time and flag bit change
Amount is screened, and new record is added in ODS layers, and the record for needing logic to delete is carried out logic deletion, is updated simultaneously
Flag bit is invalid data, update renewal time is present system time.
In an alternate embodiment of the present invention where, above-mentioned steps D is according to the theme standard in step A by original data layer
In valid data be mapped to theme detailed data layer, specifically: will be original according to the mapping ruler of the theme standard in step A
Data in data Layer are cleaned by ETL tool, conversion map is handled, and form subject data base relevant to theme.It is main
Inscribing all data in detailed data layer is all effective data, is subject analysis below, and data mining etc. is prepared.
The present invention according to the mapping ruler of scholastic theme data standard by the data in original data layer by ETL tool into
A series of processing such as row cleaning, conversion map, form TDS subject data base.The data of theme detailed data layer press subject classification,
It only include the relevant data of theme, other business datums are at ODS layers, and theme layer data is the currently active data, to lead below
Topic analysis, data mining etc. are prepared.
The present invention is adopted according to source system centre bank interface view, patch Yuan Ku and source system and consolidated storage code mapping rule
(DCI, Data Center Interconnection) data processing is interconnected with data center, including patch source library incremental data is taken out
It takes, Data subject mapping, data standard code mapping, consolidated storage data are newly-increased, modify and delete.
In an alternate embodiment of the present invention where, above-mentioned steps E is according to subject analysis demand by distribution subject detail number
Coarseness processing and summarized according to layer data, forms collect statistics data layer specifically: according to subject analysis demand,
Including statistics theme, statistical dimension, statistical measures and basic business index, interconnected using data center to theme detailed data layer
Data be respectively calculated, theme detailed data layer data coarseness processing and summarize, formation summarizes system
Count layer.
Collect statistics data layer of the invention mainly includes that primary summarizes data, and statistics accumulation number calculates, and is subsequent system
Meter is ready, to improve search efficiency.
The present invention is according to statistics theme, statistical dimension, statistical measures, basic business index and the report form sample pair of setting
The data of theme detailed data layer are handled, including DCI data summarization and the calculating of DCI accumulative total etc..As shown in figure 3, for this
The data flow diagram of four layer data frameworks in inventive embodiments.
In an alternate embodiment of the present invention where, above-mentioned steps F sets the view for needing externally to show and external interface
It is placed in application layer, is formed and apply data Layer specifically: door data view to be shown will be needed in data center, calculation in report
It is set to application layer according to view, individual center Data View and external interface, is formed and applies data Layer.It is data using data Layer
The final result of calculating, no other data handling procedures rely on this database.
The present invention carries out mathematics processing according to application demand, index demand and report demand, including view summarizes from statistics
Layer extraction, DCI data summarization and the calculating of DCI accumulative total etc..
In an alternate embodiment of the present invention where, above-mentioned steps G is by each layer in data center and four layer data frameworks
Data synchronize, and can carry out taking for data standard, the classification of Data subject, the modeling of data relationship；User can enter
Different layers, in database table or data item do additions and deletions and look into and change operation, the operation in data center can also be synchronized to database
In, and can not need to do complex operations in the database with the structure and table information of quick search table.
Data center generates the data flow diagram presented with visual pattern, and is chased after by the way to manage of primitive data
The relationship traced back between data source and data.The system end of data center uses touch screen technology, and user is in terminal Trackpad
Control operation to database, not can be only seen the process of data flow in administration interface, it is further seen that different data it
Between relationship.As shown in figure 5, for the data relationship schematic diagram of visualized data flow graph in the embodiment of the present invention；As shown in fig. 6,
For the full-text data visual search schematic diagram of visualized data flow graph in the embodiment of the present invention.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the embodiments described herein, which is to help reader, understands this hair
Bright principle, it should be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments and embodiments.This field
Those of ordinary skill disclosed the technical disclosures can make according to the present invention and various not depart from the other each of essence of the invention
The specific variations and combinations of kind, these variations and combinations are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of data relationship visual management method based on four layer data frameworks, which comprises the following steps:
A, data standard, including interface standard and theme standard are obtained；
B, four layer data frameworks, including original data layer, theme detailed data layer, collect statistics data layer are constructed in the database
With apply data Layer；
C, the initial data being loaded into the data of each system as former state according to the interface standard in step A in four layer data frameworks
Layer；
D, the valid data in original data layer are mapped to by theme detailed data layer according to the theme standard in step A；
E, distribution subject detailed data layer data is carried out by coarseness processing according to subject analysis demand and summarized, formed
Collect statistics data layer；
F, the view for needing externally to show and external interface are set to application layer, are formed and applies data Layer；
G, data center and each layer data in four layer data frameworks are synchronized, generates the data presented with visual pattern
Flow graph, and the relationship between trace back data source and data is carried out by the way to manage of primitive data.
2. the data relationship visual management method as described in claim 1 based on four layer data frameworks, which is characterized in that institute
It states four layer data frameworks in step B and user and corresponding authority is set respectively to original data layer, theme by establishing different user
Detailed data layer, collect statistics data layer and application data Layer are managed.
3. the data relationship visual management method as claimed in claim 2 based on four layer data frameworks, which is characterized in that institute
It states original data layer in step C and reflects the data of each system interface load and the change procedure of key data, while number is added
According to entry time, more new state and renewal time.
4. the data relationship visual management method as claimed in claim 3 based on four layer data frameworks, which is characterized in that institute
Stating step D, according to the theme standard in step A the valid data in original data layer to be mapped to theme detailed data layer specific
Are as follows: the data in original data layer are cleaned by ETL tool according to the mapping ruler of the theme standard in step A, are turned
Mapping processing is changed, subject data base relevant to theme is formed.
5. the data relationship visual management method as claimed in claim 4 based on four layer data frameworks, which is characterized in that institute
Step E is stated distribution subject detailed data layer data is carried out coarseness processing according to subject analysis demand and is summarized, shape
At collect statistics data layer specifically: according to subject analysis demand, including statistics theme, statistical dimension, statistical measures and basis
Operational indicator is respectively calculated the data of theme detailed data layer using data center's interconnection, by theme detailed data layer
Data carry out coarseness processing and are summarized, and form collect statistics data layer.
6. the data relationship visual management method as claimed in claim 5 based on four layer data frameworks, which is characterized in that institute
It states step F and the view for needing externally to show and external interface is set to application layer, formed and apply data Layer specifically: by data
Door data view, report centre data view, individual center Data View and external interface setting to be shown are needed in center
In application layer, is formed and apply data Layer.
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