CN109839305A - A kind of batch preprocess method by radioactive pollution pedotheque - Google Patents
A kind of batch preprocess method by radioactive pollution pedotheque Download PDFInfo
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- CN109839305A CN109839305A CN201711216713.1A CN201711216713A CN109839305A CN 109839305 A CN109839305 A CN 109839305A CN 201711216713 A CN201711216713 A CN 201711216713A CN 109839305 A CN109839305 A CN 109839305A
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- pedotheque
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Abstract
The invention belongs to radiation environmental monitoring technical fields, are related to a kind of batch preprocess method by radioactive pollution pedotheque.The batch preprocess method in turn includes the following steps: (1) under ventilation condition, pedotheque being rejected foreign matter, dries in the air and further dries in an oven to nearly dry doubling；(2) pedotheque is crushed and is simply sieved, to remove wherein biggish particulate matter；(3) it tiles and pedotheque and is uniformly mixed in Flat bottom container；(4) after repeatedly dividing equally mixing, two parts of pedotheques are taken, portion is used for γ Radionuclide analysis, and portion is used for radiochemical analysis.Using the batch preprocess method of the invention by radioactive pollution pedotheque, it can be avoided the cross contamination of sample, there is enough representativenesses, so that sample analysis result be enable really to reflect the distribution situation of radionuclide in the soil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to radiation environmental monitoring technical field, it is related to a kind of batch by radioactive pollution pedotheque and locates in advance
Reason method.
Background technique
In recent years, China is higher and higher to the attention degree of personnel and environmental protection, and the environmental consciousness of the public is also gradually
Reinforce, correspondingly, for the radiation environment investigation (especially on-site environment) of nuclear fuel cycle system and pollution control work
Also more and more.In view of the particularity of nuclear industry, on-site environment inevitably has certain radioactive pollution, radiation environment investigation
Need to carry out the acquisition of large batch of sample and Radionuclide analysis work, since nucleic pollution level is widely different between sample, how
The cross contamination that sample room is avoided in preprocessing process, for guaranteeing that reliability and the representativeness of analysis result are particularly significant
's.
For pedotheque, existing pre-treatment step are as follows:
A. the foreign matters such as weeds, rubble are rejected, sample measures 2-3kg；
B. sample is poured in pallet and is dried；
C. sample is dried through 105 DEG C in an oven；
D. sample is crushed with pulverizer, sample sieving (60-80 mesh), the encapsulation that crushed give over to and divide in next step
Analysis uses.
Above-mentioned pretreatment mode is basic for normal environment pedotheque, and there is no problem, because of such sample Radionuclide
Content is substantial horizontal quite, and cross-contamination issue is not present.But for the particular sample by radioactive pollution, due to
Sample room radionuclide content is extremely uneven, if not adopting an effective measure, easily causes cross contamination, causes analysis result that can not reflect
The true soil nucleic pollution condition of sample out is totally unfavorable for environmental evaluation and pollution control work.
In conclusion in order to effectively for being pre-processed by the batch pedotheque of radioactive pollution, fundamentally keep away
The cross contamination for exempting from sample makes to analyze sample with enough representativenesses, and analysis real result is reliable, can reflect sample strictly according to the facts
Radionuclide pollutes distribution situation, needs to invent one kind effectively by the batch preprocess method of radioactive pollution pedotheque.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of batch preprocess methods by radioactive pollution pedotheque, can be avoided
The cross contamination of sample has enough representativenesses, so that sample analysis result be enable really to reflect radionuclide in soil
In distribution situation.
In order to achieve this, in the embodiment on basis, the present invention provides a kind of by radioactive pollution pedotheque
Batch preprocess method, the batch preprocess method in turn include the following steps:
(1) under ventilation condition, pedotheque is rejected into foreign matter, dries in the air and is further dried in an oven to nearly dry doubling；
(2) pedotheque is crushed and is simply sieved, to remove wherein biggish particulate matter (such as handstone)；
(3) it tiles and pedotheque and is uniformly mixed in Flat bottom container；
(4) after repeatedly dividing equally mixing, two parts of pedotheques are taken, portion is used for γ Radionuclide analysis, and portion divides for putting
Analysis.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of batch pretreatment by radioactive pollution pedotheque
Method, wherein in step (1), the foreign matter includes weeds, rubble.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of batch pretreatment by radioactive pollution pedotheque
Method, wherein in step (1), the operation that pedotheque rejects foreign matter carries out in enamel tray, the enamel tray of different soils sample
It should be noted that personal protection problem when being unable to cross-reference, and rejecting foreign matter.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of batch pretreatment by radioactive pollution pedotheque
Method, wherein in step (1), the temperature of baking oven drying is 100-110 DEG C, without air blast in drying course；Pedotheque is in baking oven
The certain interval of middle phase mutual, cannot be stacked up and down.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of batch pretreatment by radioactive pollution pedotheque
Method, wherein in step (2), to pedotheque crush tool exterior wrap up polybag, it is every crushed a pedotheque after
Replacement polybag carries out the crushing of next pedotheque, to prevent pedotheque cross contamination.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of batch pretreatment by radioactive pollution pedotheque
Method wherein in step (2), sieves the tool selection grid of pedotheque grenadine small as far as possible, every to have sieved a soil-like
The screening that grenadine carries out next pedotheque is replaced after product, to prevent pedotheque cross contamination.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of batch pretreatment by radioactive pollution pedotheque
Method wherein in step (4), by being used for multiple times for quartering, takes two parts of pedotheques.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of batch pretreatment by radioactive pollution pedotheque
Method, wherein in step (4), the pedotheque for γ Radionuclide analysis is directly loadable into sample box, is placed in gamma ray spectrometer in case surveying
Amount, before different soils sample is packed into sample box, Ying Genghuan or cleaning transfer tool.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of batch pretreatment by radioactive pollution pedotheque
Method, wherein in step (4), for tiling after the pedotheque mixing of radiochemical analysis into Flat bottom container, by α/β surface contamination
Instrument is placed on above pedotheque in case carrying out α/β Radionuclide analysis, and the guarantee effective detecting area of instrument is being located at pedotheque center just
Top, pedotheque upper surface is parallel with instrument bottom, distance 1.5-2.5cm.
In a kind of more preferred embodiment, it is pre- that the present invention provides a kind of batch by radioactive pollution pedotheque
Processing method, wherein in step (4), before carrying out α/β Radionuclide analysis, it is necessary to assure different soils sample spread out after area one
It causes, different soils sample upper surface is consistent at a distance from instrument probe bottom, and the measurement data of such different soils sample room is
There is comparativity.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are utilize the batch pretreatment side of the invention by radioactive pollution pedotheque
Method can be avoided the cross contamination of sample, there is enough representativenesses, so that sample analysis result be enable really to reflect radioactivity
The distribution situation of nucleic in the soil.
Batch preprocess method of the invention can fundamentally avoid the cross contamination of pedotheque, make to analyze sample tool
There are enough representativenesses, analysis real result is reliable, can reflect that pedotheque Radionuclide pollutes distribution situation strictly according to the facts.Soil-like
After product pre-process, counting rate is always put by measurement, pedotheque is verified with the presence or absence of cross contamination.Verifying knot
Fruit shows that batch preprocess method of the invention can effectively control the cross-contamination issue between pedotheque, can be applied to
Pretreatment work of the conventional batch by radioactive pollution pedotheque.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the illustrative batch preprocess method of the invention by radioactive pollution pedotheque.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of quartering in specific embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The process of the illustrative batch preprocess method of the invention by radioactive pollution pedotheque as shown in Figure 1,
It in turn includes the following steps:
(1) in predetermined point batch capture pedotheque, sample label is posted after encapsulation, transports laboratory back.
(2) under ventilation condition, pedotheque is transferred in the enamel tray of reference numeral, the foreign matters such as weeds, rubble is rejected, dries in the air
It is done to close.The enamel tray of different soils sample is unable to cross-reference, and should be noted that personal protection problem when rejecting foreign matter.
(3) sample is transferred to baking oven, 105 DEG C of drying under the conditions of no air blast.Phase mutual is certain in an oven for pedotheque
Interval, cannot up and down it is stacked.
(4) pedotheque is hammered into shape to crushing with the stainless steel tool that polybag wraps up.The stainless steel that pedotheque is crushed
Tool exterior wraps up polybag, and every has crushed replaces the crushing that polybag carries out next pedotheque after one pedotheque.
(5) soil is sieved with soil screening media, removes the larger particles such as handstone.Sieve the tool selection of pedotheque
Grid grenadine small as far as possible, every screening sieved replacement grenadine after a pedotheque and carried out next pedotheque.
(6) pedotheque is uniformly mixed as far as possible in tools such as enamel tray innerlich anwenden spoons, tiling.
(7) it being used for multiple times by quartering, pedotheque is uniformly divided into two parts, portion is used for γ Radionuclide analysis, and one
Part is used for radiochemical analysis.The concrete operations principle of quartering is as shown in Fig. 2, be first divided into four parts for sample with quartering, wherein 1#
A sample is blended together with the part 4#, 2# and the part 3# blend together B sample；Then A sample and B sample are divided into four parts respectively with quartering, i.e.,
A1-A4 and B1-B4；The diagonal line sample of A sample and B sample is blended together into two parts of samples, portion is used for γ Radionuclide analysis (A1+A4+B2+
B3), a to be used for radiochemical analysis (A2+A3+B1+B4).This point of quadrat method largely ensure that the equal of pedotheque
Even property and representativeness.
(8) it is used for the pedotheque of γ Radionuclide analysis, as described in (7), the sample size of needs is taken using multiple quartering point,
It is directly loadable into sample box and is placed in gamma ray spectrometer and measure.Before different soils sample is packed into sample box, Ying Genghuan or cleaning turn
Shifting tool.
(9) it is used for the pedotheque of radiochemical analysis, α/β surface contamination analyzer to be placed on by tiling into enamel tray after mixing
In case carrying out α/β Radionuclide analysis above pedotheque, guarantee that the effective detecting area of instrument is located at right above pedotheque center, soil
Sample upper surface is parallel with instrument bottom, distance 2cm, measures the α/β counting rate of pedotheque.Before carrying out α/β Radionuclide analysis,
It must assure that the area after different soils sample is spread out is consistent, different soils sample upper surface is one at a distance from instrument probe bottom
It causes, the measurement data of such different soils sample room just has comparativity.
(10) α-radionuclide is analyzed: pedotheque to be measured being sorted according to the height of α counting rate, as described in (7), using multiple
Quartering point takes the pedotheque amount of needs to carry out Radionuclide analysis.
(11) β Radionuclide analysis: pedotheque to be measured is sorted according to the height of β counting rate, as described in (7), using multiple
Quartering point takes the pedotheque amount of needs to carry out Radionuclide analysis.
The present invention takes above-mentioned requisite measure when for batch pretreatment is carried out by radioactive pollution pedotheque,
The cross contamination between pedotheque is fundamentally avoided, makes to analyze sample with enough representativenesses, analysis real result can
It leans on, can reflect that pedotheque Radionuclide pollutes distribution situation strictly according to the facts.Laboratory is transported after collecting soil sample back, according to above-mentioned step
Suddenly it is pre-processed, puts counting rate by measuring soil sample total, verify between different point pedotheques with the presence or absence of friendship
Fork pollution.Verification result shows that acquired soil sample total puts counting rate and has height to have the case where low, to find no cross contamination to deposit
?.
Act is made to the batch preprocess method of the invention by radioactive pollution pedotheque of above-mentioned example below
Example explanation.
(1) 20 pedotheques are acquired by the different points in radioactive pollution place point at certain, number is soil -1 respectively
To soil -20；
(2) pedotheque encapsulates and posts label, is pre-processed after transporting laboratory back by above-mentioned steps, each soil-like
Product accurately weigh identical weight in Measuring plate respectively, are spread and are dried with alcohol, are placed in measurement in α/β measuring instrument and always put counting
Rate；
(3) it analyzes each soil sample total and puts counting rate data, whether there is cross contamination between verifying pedotheque.
It is as shown in table 1 below that each soil sample total puts counting rate measurement result.
Each soil sample total of table 1 puts counting rate measurement result
| Sample number into spectrum | α counting rate (cpm) | β counting rate (cpm) |
| Soil -1 | 0.468 | 8.78 |
| Soil -2 | 0.226 | 4.25 |
| Soil -3 | 1.45 | 20.7 |
| Soil -4 | 0.879 | 56.9 |
| Soil -5 | 5.68 | 44.4 |
| Soil -6 | 0.131 | 5.27 |
| Soil -7 | 0.556 | 12.7 |
| Soil -8 | 2.69 | 36.0 |
| Soil -9 | 14.8 | 125 |
| Soil -10 | 0.578 | 25.7 |
| Soil -11 | 0.207 | 7.71 |
| Soil -12 | 0.385 | 16.3 |
| Soil -13 | 3.07 | 48.9 |
| Soil -14 | 1.73 | 41.5 |
| Soil -15 | 0.355 | 17.3 |
| Soil -16 | 0.907 | 15.0 |
| Soil -17 | 2.89 | 60.1 |
| Soil -18 | 4.86 | 38.4 |
| Soil -19 | 0.277 | 8.85 |
| Soil -20 | 0.432 | 7.92 |
As can be seen from Table 1, between 0.131-14.8cpm, total β is counted the total α counting rate of different soils sample
Rate differs 1 magnitude or more between their minimum and peak between 4.25-125cpm respectively, and at minimum
In normal environment background level.Thus the case where can determine whether, finding no cross contamination between different point pedotheques exists,
Show that batch preprocess method of the invention is practical, can be applied to be pre-processed by the batch of radioactive pollution pedotheque
Work.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
Mind and range.If in this way, belonging to the model of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technology to these modifications and changes of the present invention
Within enclosing, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.Above-described embodiment or embodiment are only to the present invention
For example, the present invention can also be implemented with other ad hoc fashions or other particular form, without departing from of the invention
Main idea or substantive characteristics.Therefore, the embodiment of description is regarded as illustrative and non-limiting in any way.This
The range of invention should be illustrated that any variation equivalent with the intention and range of claim also should include by appended claims
Within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of batch preprocess method by radioactive pollution pedotheque, which is characterized in that the batch pretreatment side
Method in turn includes the following steps:
(1) under ventilation condition, pedotheque is rejected into foreign matter, dries in the air and is further dried in an oven to nearly dry doubling；
(2) pedotheque is crushed and is simply sieved, to remove wherein biggish particulate matter；
(3) it tiles and pedotheque and is uniformly mixed in Flat bottom container；
(4) after repeatedly dividing equally mixing, two parts of pedotheques are taken, portion is used for γ Radionuclide analysis, and portion is used for radiochemical analysis.
2. batch preprocess method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1), the foreign matter includes miscellaneous
Grass, rubble.
3. batch preprocess method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1), pedotheque rejects foreign matter
Operation carried out in enamel tray, the enamel tray of different soils sample is unable to cross-reference.
4. batch preprocess method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1), the temperature of baking oven drying is
100-110 DEG C, without air blast in drying course；The pedotheque certain interval of phase mutual in an oven, cannot be stacked up and down.
5. batch preprocess method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (2), crushed to pedotheque
Tool exterior wraps up polybag, and every has crushed replaces the crushing that polybag carries out next pedotheque after one pedotheque.
6. batch preprocess method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (2), sieve the work of pedotheque
The small as far as possible grenadine of tool selection grid, it is every sieve one pedotheque after replace the sieve that grenadine carries out next pedotheque
Point.
7. batch preprocess method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (4), pass through the multiple of quartering
It uses, takes two parts of pedotheques.
8. batch preprocess method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (4), for γ Radionuclide analysis
Pedotheque is directly loadable into sample box, is placed in gamma ray spectrometer in case of measurement, before different soils sample is packed into sample box, Ying Genghuan
Or cleaning transfer tool.
9. batch preprocess method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the soil in step (4), for radiochemical analysis
α/β surface contamination analyzer is placed on above pedotheque into Flat bottom container in case carrying out α/β nucleic by tiling after the mixing of earth sample
Analysis guarantees that the effective detecting area of instrument is located at right above pedotheque center, and pedotheque upper surface is parallel with instrument bottom, away from
From 1.5-2.5cm.
10. batch preprocess method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: in step (4), carrying out α/β nucleic point
Before analysis, it is necessary to assure the area after different soils sample is spread out is consistent, different soils sample upper surface and instrument probe bottom
Distance is consistent.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111141892A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-05-12 | 福建日新检测技术服务有限公司 | Soil radon concentration detection device for environment detection |
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| RU2197720C2 (en) * | 1999-03-30 | 2003-01-27 | Московское государственное предприятие - объединенный эколого-технологический и научно-исследовательский центр по обезвреживанию РАО и охране окружающей среды "Радон" | Procedure of radiation monitoring of ecosystems by soil radioactivity |
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| RU2197720C2 (en) * | 1999-03-30 | 2003-01-27 | Московское государственное предприятие - объединенный эколого-технологический и научно-исследовательский центр по обезвреживанию РАО и охране окружающей среды "Радон" | Procedure of radiation monitoring of ecosystems by soil radioactivity |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111141892A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-05-12 | 福建日新检测技术服务有限公司 | Soil radon concentration detection device for environment detection |
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