CN109836392A - A kind of preparation method of the novel chiral prothetic group of the southern class antibiotic of synthesis training - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of the novel chiral prothetic group of the southern class antibiotic of synthesis training Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109836392A
CN109836392A CN201711221177.4A CN201711221177A CN109836392A CN 109836392 A CN109836392 A CN 109836392A CN 201711221177 A CN201711221177 A CN 201711221177A CN 109836392 A CN109836392 A CN 109836392A
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preparation
compound
prothetic group
class antibiotic
novel chiral
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CN201711221177.4A
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彭继先
王辉
尚中栋
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SHANDONG RUIYING PIONEER PHARMACEUTICAL CO Ltd
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SHANDONG RUIYING PIONEER PHARMACEUTICAL CO Ltd
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  • Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention relates to the preparation method of medicinal chemistry arts product, in particular to the preparation method of the novel chiral prothetic group of southern class antibiotic is trained in a kind of synthesis.The preparation method of the novel chiral prothetic group of southern class antibiotic is trained in the synthesis, characterized by the following steps: a) obtains compound (II) through acylation reaction by trichloromethyl chloroformate and compound (I)；B) compound (II) reacts the amino-reactive made on compound (II) with trimethyl -1- chlorosilane, reacts to obtain final product (III) with 2 bromo propionyl bromide again after amino-reactive.The beneficial effect that the present invention synthesizes the preparation method of novel chiral prothetic group for training southern class antibiotic is: the good product quality of preparation, high income；Cost of material is low, and cheap and easy to get and murder by poisoning is small；Production stage is simple and direct and reaction condition is mild, it is easy to accomplish safety in production；Product is easily separated, convenient post-treatment, and " three wastes " discharge is few.

Description

A kind of preparation method of the novel chiral prothetic group of the southern class antibiotic of synthesis training
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of medicinal chemistry arts product, in particular to the new of southern class antibiotic is trained in a kind of synthesis The preparation method of type chiral auxiliary.
Background technique
Penem-like pharmaceutical was come out in the 80's of 20th century, was the interior acyl of β-of fully synthetic Carbapenems New-type wide-spectrum Amine antibiotic is that antimicrobial spectrum is most wide so far, the very strong a kind of new antibiotic of antibacterial activity.Drug-fast bacteria problem in recent years It is increasingly serious, existing antibiotic formulations, the cephalo-type new drug including some new listing, to Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Caused infection is helpless.Effect of the penem-like pharmaceutical in clinical anti-MRSA is extremely outstanding, referred to as 21st century anti-severe " last line of defense " of infection, therefore the key player of anti-clinical severe infection last line of defense is play, so that such Drug increases rapidly in the whole world and domestic usage amount.
The penem-like pharmaceutical " Imipenem " 1985 of United States Merck company first Japan listing since, the whole world on The penem-like pharmaceutical in city has seven.Successively by the arrangement of listing time are as follows: Imipenem (1985), Panipenem (1994 Year), Meropenem (1995), faropenem (1997), ertapenem (2002), Biapenem (2002) and Doripenem in U.S. new listing in 2006 separately has multiple kinds or compound in research and development.It is a kind of fully synthetic for training southern class Chiral drug, therefore its chiral configuration and stereoselectivity have extremely important influence to antimicrobial spectrum and antibacterial activity.
Summary of the invention
The synthesis that in order to compensate for the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of production stages is simple and direct, cost of material is low Train the preparation method of the novel chiral prothetic group of southern class antibiotic, i.e. 3-(2- bromine propiono) -4,4- dimethyl -1,3- oxazole The preparation method of alkane -2- ketone, the compound structure are as follows:。
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation method of the novel chiral prothetic group of the southern class antibiotic of synthesis training, characterized by the following steps: a) By trichloromethyl chloroformate and compound (I)Compound (II) is obtained through acylation reaction；
B) compound (II) reacts the amino-reactive made on compound (II) with trimethyl -1- chlorosilane, after amino-reactive again It reacts to obtain final product (III) with 2- bromopropionyl bromide；Reaction route is as follows:
。
Specific steps are as follows:
A) trichloromethyl chloroformate and compound (I) 2- amino-2- methyl-1-propyl alcohol are acylated cyclic under alkaline condition, Thin-layer chromatography detection, until compound (I) fully reacting.It is extracted with ethyl acetate and is concentrated, stirring solvent crystallization is added, filter, Drying, obtains compound (II)；
B) compound (II) is reacted in toluene or dichloroethanes with trimethyl -1- chlorosilane, while lye is added dropwise, thin layer Chromatography detection, until compound (II) fully reacting.Gained reaction solution addition 2- bromopropionyl bromide is reacted, while alkali is added dropwise Liquid.It is filtered after reaction, washs, be concentrated to dryness to obtain grease.Recrystallisation solvent, stirred crystallization, filtering, drying are added into grease It obtains final product (III).
Alkali used in step a) is hydroxide, carbonate or the bicarbonate of potassium or sodium.
Crystallization solvent for use is one of isopropyl ether, n-hexane, hexamethylene or a variety of in step a).
The mole of trimethyl -1- chlorosilane used in step b) is the 0.2-1.5 of the mole of compound (II) Times.
Lye used in step b) is diisopropyl ethyl amine, triethylamine, tri-n-butylamine, pyridine or 2- methyl pyrrole Pyridine.
Recrystallisation solvent is one of acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, ethyl alcohol, methanol, isopropanol or a variety of in step b).
The present invention selects trimethyl -1- chlorosilane to activate amino, and not only reaction condition is mild, safety, but also protection and acyl Change two-step reaction, which realizes, treats different things alike, so that processing step greatly simplifies, while reducing the generation of the three wastes.
The beneficial effect that the present invention synthesizes the preparation method of novel chiral prothetic group for training southern class antibiotic is: novel chiral is auxiliary Base " 3-(2- bromine propiono) -4,4- dimethyl -1,3- oxazolidine -2- ketone " for training the chiral synthesis of southern class antibiotic, Compared with other chiral auxiliaries, have many advantages, such as that structure novel, stereoselectivity are high；The good product quality of preparation, high income；It is former Expect it is at low cost, it is cheap and easy to get and poison it is small；Production stage is simple and direct and reaction condition is mild, it is easy to accomplish safety in production；Product Easily separated, convenient post-treatment, " three wastes " discharge is less.
(4) specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of the novel chiral prothetic group of southern class antibiotic is trained in the synthesis, using following steps:
A) 500mL water is added in 1000mL reaction flask, is added with stirring 120g sodium hydroxide, stirs dissolved clarification.It is down to room Temperature is added 2- amino-2- methyl-1-propyl alcohol 60mL, 20-30 DEG C of temperature control, trichloromethyl chloroformate 60mL is added dropwise, about 3 is small When be added dropwise.Temperature control is to 20-30 DEG C, and the reaction was continued 3 hours, thin-layer chromatography detection, until 2- amino-2- methyl-1-the third Alcohol fully reacting.With 3 extractions of 600mL ethyl acetate point, ethyl acetate 200mL is used every time, static layering 1 hour, is merged Ethyl acetate phase.Dry ethyl acetate is concentrated under reduced pressure, isopropyl ether 200mL is added, stirred crystallization is cooled to -5 DEG C, and temperature control 2 hours, Filtering, with the cold isopropyl ether filter wash cake of 50mL, 30 DEG C are dried in vacuo 2 hours, obtain 4,4- dimethyl -1,3- oxazolidine -2- ketone 65g, yield 90%；Fusing point: 48-51 DEG C；
B) 4,4- dimethyl -1,3- oxazolidine -2- ketone 65g, toluene 400mL are added in 1000mL reaction flask, 60 DEG C subtract It presses and separates water into, the time is 1 hour, is cooled to 15-20 DEG C, and trimethyl -1- chlorosilane 20mL is added, and stirs lower dropwise addition three Ethamine 21mL, drop finishes within about 1 hour.It is warming up to 40-50 DEG C, the reaction was continued 5 hours, thin-layer chromatography detection, until 4,4- diformazans Base -1,3- oxazolidine -2- reactive ketone is complete.- 5-0 DEG C are cooled to, 2- bromopropionyl bromide 70mL is added dropwise, drips off within about 30 minutes, - 5-0 DEG C of temperature control are reacted 1 hour.Triethylamine 87mL is added dropwise, drips off within about 1 hour, -5-0 DEG C of temperature control reacts 1 hour again.Filtering, Filter cake is washed twice with 100mL toluene, and filtrate is concentrated to dryness to obtain grease in 60 DEG C, and acetonitrile is added into grease 400mL, stirred crystallization, stir 2 hours by -10-5 DEG C of temperature control.Filtering, with cold acetonitrile 50mL filter wash cake, dries to obtain 3-(2- bromine Propiono) -4,4- dimethyl -1,3- oxazolidine -2- ketone 120g, yield 85%, purity 99.1%.
Fusing point: 72-73 DEG C.
IR (KBr): 3030, 1775, 1709, 1370, 1310, 1183, 1105, 1069, 760,702cm- 1; 1H–NMR (CDCl3) δ: 1.58 (3H, S), 1.60(3H, S), 1.81(3H, d, J=6.8Hz),4.06(2H, S), 5.74(1H, q, J=6.8Hz)。
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of the novel chiral prothetic group of southern class antibiotic is trained in the synthesis, using following steps:
A) 500mL water is added in 1000mL reaction flask, is added with stirring 120g sodium hydroxide, stirs dissolved clarification, is down to room Temperature.2- amino-2- methyl-1-propyl alcohol 60mL is added, 20-30 DEG C of temperature control, trichloromethyl chloroformate 60mL is added dropwise, about 3 is small When be added dropwise, temperature control is to 20-30 DEG C, and the reaction was continued 2 hours, thin-layer chromatography detection, until 2- amino-2- methyl-1-the third Alcohol fully reacting.It is extracted 3 times with 600mL ethyl acetate, uses ethyl acetate 200mL every time, static layering 1 hour, merge second Acetoacetic ester phase.Dry ethyl acetate is concentrated under reduced pressure, hexamethylene 200mL, stirred crystallization is added.It is cooled to -5 DEG C, temperature control 2 hours, mistake Filter, with the cold hexamethylene filter wash cake of 50mL.30 DEG C are dried in vacuo 2 hours, obtain 4,4- dimethyl -1,3- oxazolidine -2- ketone 67g, yield 93%；Fusing point: 49-52 DEG C；
B) 4,4- dimethyl -1,3- oxazolidine -2- ketone, 65 g, dichloroethanes 400mL are added in 1000mL reaction flask, 60 DEG C depressurize and separate water into, and the time is 1 hour, is cooled to 15-20 DEG C, trimethyl -1- chlorosilane 20mL are added, under stirring Triethylamine 21mL is added dropwise, drop finishes within about 1 hour.It is warming up to 40-50 DEG C, the reaction was continued 5 hours, thin-layer chromatography detection, until 4,4- Dimethyl -1,3- oxazolidine -2- reactive ketone is complete.It is cooled to -5-0 DEG C, is added dropwise 2- bromopropionyl bromide 70mL, about 30 minutes It drips off, -5-0 DEG C of temperature control are reacted 1 hour.Triethylamine 87mL is added dropwise, drips off within about 1 hour, -5-0 DEG C of temperature control reacts 1 hour again. Filtering, filter cake are washed twice with 100mL dichloroethanes, and filtrate is concentrated to dryness to obtain grease in 80 DEG C, is added into grease Acetonitrile 400mL, stirred crystallization, stir 2 hours by -10-5 DEG C of temperature control.Filtering, with cold acetonitrile 50mL filter wash cake, dries to obtain 3- (2- bromine propiono) -4,4- dimethyl -1,3- oxazolidine -2- ketone 114g, yield 81%, purity 98.6%.
Fusing point: 72-73 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of the novel chiral prothetic group of southern class antibiotic is trained in the synthesis, using following steps:
A) 500mL water is added in 1000mL reaction flask, is added with stirring 120g sodium hydroxide, stirs dissolved clarification, is down to room Temperature is added 2- amino-2- methyl-1-propyl alcohol 60mL, 20-30 DEG C of temperature control, trichloromethyl chloroformate 60mL is added dropwise, about 3 is small When be added dropwise.Temperature control is to 20-30 DEG C, and the reaction was continued 4 hours, thin-layer chromatography detection, until 2- amino-2- methyl-1-the third Alcohol fully reacting.It is extracted 3 times with 600mL ethyl acetate, uses ethyl acetate 200mL every time, static layering 1 hour, merge second Acetoacetic ester phase.Dry ethyl acetate is concentrated under reduced pressure, hexamethylene 200mL, stirred crystallization is added.It is cooled to -5 DEG C, temperature control 2 hours, Filtering, with the cold hexamethylene filter wash cake of 50mL, 30 DEG C are dried in vacuo 2 hours, obtain 4,4- dimethyl -1,3- oxazolidine -2- ketone 67g, yield 93%；Fusing point: 48-50 DEG C；
B) 4,4- dimethyl -1,3- oxazolidine -2- ketone 65g, toluene 400mL are added in 1000mL reaction flask, 60 DEG C subtract It presses and separates water into, the time is 1 hour.It is cooled to 15-20 DEG C, trimethyl -1- chlorosilane 20mL is added, stirs lower dropwise addition three Butylamine 35mL, drop finishes within about 1 hour.It is warming up to 40-50 DEG C, the reaction was continued 5 hours, thin-layer chromatography detection, until 4,4- diformazans Base -1,3- oxazolidine -2- reactive ketone is complete.- 5-0 DEG C are cooled to, 2- bromopropionyl bromide 70mL is added dropwise, drips off within about 30 minutes, - 5-0 DEG C of temperature control are reacted 1 hour.Triethylamine 87mL is added dropwise, drips off within about 1 hour, -5-0 DEG C of temperature control reacts 1 hour again.Filtering, Filter cake is washed twice with 100mL toluene, and filtrate is concentrated to dryness to obtain grease in 60 DEG C, and ethyl alcohol is added into grease 400mL, stirred crystallization, -10-5 DEG C of temperature control 2 hours, filtering with cold ethyl alcohol 50mL filter wash cake, dried to obtain 3-(2- bromine propionyl Base) -4,4- dimethyl -1,3- oxazolidine -2- ketone 107g, yield 76%, purity 99.0%.
Fusing point: 72-73 DEG C.

Claims (7)

1. the preparation method that the novel chiral prothetic group of southern class antibiotic is trained in a kind of synthesis, characterized by the following steps:
A) by trichloromethyl chloroformate and compound (I)Compound (II) is obtained through acylation reaction ；
B) compound (II) reacts the amino-reactive made on compound (II) with trimethyl -1- chlorosilane, after amino-reactive again It reacts to obtain final product (III) with 2- bromopropionyl bromide；
Reaction route is as follows:。
2. the preparation method of the novel chiral prothetic group of southern class antibiotic is trained in the synthesis according to claim 1, feature exists In: include the following steps:
A) trichloromethyl chloroformate and compound (I) are acylated cyclic under alkaline condition, thin-layer chromatography detection, until compound (I) Fully reacting is extracted with ethyl acetate and is concentrated, and stirring solvent crystallization is added, and filtering, drying obtain compound (II)；
B) compound (II) is reacted in toluene or dichloroethanes with trimethyl -1- chlorosilane, while lye is added dropwise, thin layer Chromatography detection, until compound (II) fully reacting, gained reaction solution addition 2- bromopropionyl bromide is reacted, while alkali is added dropwise Liquid filters after reaction, and washing is concentrated to dryness to obtain grease, crystal solution is added into grease, stirred crystallization is filtered, dried Final product (III).
3. the preparation method of the novel chiral prothetic group of southern class antibiotic is trained in the synthesis according to claim 2, feature exists In: alkali used in step a) is hydroxide, carbonate or the bicarbonate of potassium or sodium.
4. the preparation method of the novel chiral prothetic group of southern class antibiotic is trained in the synthesis according to claim 2, feature exists Crystallization solvent for use is one of isopropyl ether, n-hexane, hexamethylene or a variety of in: step a).
5. the preparation method of the novel chiral prothetic group of southern class antibiotic is trained in the synthesis according to claim 2, feature exists In: the mole of trimethyl -1- chlorosilane used in step b) is 0.2-1.5 times of the mole of compound (II).
6. the preparation method of the novel chiral prothetic group of southern class antibiotic is trained in the synthesis according to claim 2, feature exists In: lye used in step b) is diisopropyl ethyl amine, triethylamine, tri-n-butylamine, pyridine or 2- picoline.
7. the preparation method of the novel chiral prothetic group of southern class antibiotic is trained in the synthesis according to claim 2, feature exists In: recrystallisation solvent is one of acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, ethyl alcohol, methanol, isopropanol or a variety of in step b).
CN201711221177.4A 2017-11-29 2017-11-29 A kind of preparation method of the novel chiral prothetic group of the southern class antibiotic of synthesis training Pending CN109836392A (en)

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Application publication date: 20190604