CN1098344A - Thin-film metal mold casting equipment and casting method thereof - Google Patents
Thin-film metal mold casting equipment and casting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1098344A CN1098344A CN 93109137 CN93109137A CN1098344A CN 1098344 A CN1098344 A CN 1098344A CN 93109137 CN93109137 CN 93109137 CN 93109137 A CN93109137 A CN 93109137A CN 1098344 A CN1098344 A CN 1098344A
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Abstract
A kind of thin-film metal mold Casting Equipment and casting method thereof, be mainly used in casting aluminum or aluminum alloy foundry goods, top board and pull bar are housed between thin-film metal mold and the molding box, thin-film metal mold extends to form the mould assembly pair along die joint, and heater is equipped with on thin-film metal mold top, and the cooling medium nozzle is housed all around, molding box can be whole or be made up of many boxboards, temperature before major control is annotated makes aluminum melt still be in liquid condition later in system's thermal balance, guarantees the crystallization of foundry goods realization quickly and orderly.Gained foundry goods free of pinholes of the present invention, nothing are loosened, entire body is all fine and closely woven equiax crystal, and recovery rate of iron is brought up to more than 90%.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of thin-film metal mold Casting Equipment and process thereof, be mainly used in the foundry goods of casting aluminium and aluminium alloy, its wall thickness is greater than 5 millimeters; Use specific casting technique, belong to the technical field of Casting Equipment and casting technique.
Existing casting method can make the crystallization of metal bath quickly and orderly, admit metal bath to immerse in the cooling medium gradually later at casting mold, though these class methods can make metal bath realize the quickly and orderly crystallization, but can't somatotype, casting mold can only disposablely use, and therefore can only cast the foundry goods of simple shape, adopts permanent mold casting, die casting, low pressure casting etc. in addition, because the type wall thickness is heavy, thermal capacity is big, so the direction of heat flow of metal bath in casting mold is disturbance state, can not realize ordered crystalline.
Chinese patent 87102954 " casting method for thin-wall metal mould " comprises upper mold 50, lower mold 51, blank holder 52, crucible 53, stalk 54, air inlet pipe 55, pouring box 56, liquid low-melting-point metal 57 etc. as Figure 10.Adopt sheet metal or wire netting to make casting mold 1,2, utilize low-melting-point metal 57 to bear the pressure of casting melt, absorb and the conduction heat, playing the liquid low-melting-point metal of support and the effect of Quench thin-walled casting mold is pouring into a mould front and back or is entering in the pouring box in casting process in good time, after the foundry goods cooling, liquid low-melting-point metal is discharged pouring box, to be full of the thin-walled casting mold that solidifies casting metal then takes out and off-type in pouring box, major defect is this invention after the casting mold thin-walled property and is provided with the feature that the quickly and orderly crystallization occurs, make cooling medium with liquid low-melting-point metal 57, Speed of diffusion to the cast metal is similar to diecasting, the influences of the thermal diffusion direction of 57 pairs of castings of liquid low-melting-point metal melt do not propose any specific method, this invention just to quickly and orderly crystallization do not have good effect; When the foundry goods height reaches certain numerical value, the supporting role of 57 pairs of casting molds of liquid low-melting-point metal 50,51 can only could realize when liquid low-melting-point metal 57 and casting melt rise synchronously and keep certain head difference, otherwise casting mold will be subjected to casting the negative pressure of the pressure of melt or liquid low-melting-point metal 57 and produce very big plastic deformation and elastic deformation, in addition, when foundry goods arrives to a certain degree greatly, vertically somatotype and the repeatedly equal difficulty extremely of somatotype, so this invention all is very restricted on foundry goods shape or single-piece scale.
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of thin-film metal mold Casting Equipment, it can overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, realizes rapid crystallization and ordered crystalline, is mainly used in the casting of aluminum or aluminum alloy.
Another object of the present invention is that the casting method of using thin-film metal mold will be provided, and it can combination film permanent mold casting equipment, can control effectively annotate before the type temperature, thin-film metal mold can also somatotype; And aluminum melt thermal balance in system still is in liquid condition later on.Eliminate the feeding appetite fully, improve recovery rate of iron.And to make the foundry goods entire body be fine and closely woven equiax crystal shape.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, adopts thin-film metal mold, and its thickness is between 0.2～3mm, and thin-film metal mold can somatotype, is suitable for casting aluminium and aluminium alloy castings, and is regardless of its complex-shaped degree; Film-type extends to form the mould assembly pair along die joint, and the mould assembly pair continues to extend to form the type edge.The mould assembly pair relies on the type rigid plane total with the bone bar.
Thin-film metal mold places among the molding box, top board and pull bar are housed between thin-film metal mold and molding box, pull bar one end is fixed on the thin-film metal mold, the other end is strained threadably on molding box, and the outline of top board medial margin and thin-film metal mold region of interest matches, and touches reality everywhere, the top board outside is fixed with molding box, molding box can be an integral body, also can be combined by the polylith boxboard, and at this moment top board is clamped between two blocks of adjacent boxboards.
Form the vertical direction passage between two adjacent top boards, have at least a nozzle freely in passage, to move, its speed can be adjusted, nozzle is that cooling medium is supplied with the thin-film metal mold outer surface from bottom to top sequentially, so that realize the quickly and orderly crystallization, in the thin-film metal mold upper end heater is housed, it passes to thin-film metal mold to the gas heat-transfer medium that flows, and thin-film metal mold is heated.
When the foundry goods that has a cavity when casting must adopt the shelly core, thin-film metal mold and core constituted die cavity jointly, and heater can also heat core simultaneously.
When adopting above-mentioned Casting Equipment casting aluminium and alloy thereof, its process is a thermal balance in type temperature-cast-system before filming casting mold-dress type-type inner-wall spraying coating-mould assembly-control is annotated-from bottom to up to thin-film metal mold injection cooling medium-off-type.
Casting filmization can make its thermal capacity very little, makes the crystallization process of melt become controllable state.The type temperature can further limit the caloric receptivity of thin-film metal mold before control was annotated, therefore after thermal balance is finished in system, casting melt and thin-film metal mold carry out the heat exchange of a predetermined quantity, after the heat exchange of this predetermined quantity was finished, the melt shortage of heat that thin-film metal mold absorbs was so that melt crystallization still is in liquid state.
Fig. 1 is a thin-film metal mold Casting Equipment schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the B-B cutaway view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is top board and pull bar schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the C-C cutaway view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a combined type molding box partial sectional view.
Fig. 7 is that the K of Fig. 6 is to view.
Fig. 8 is a Casting Equipment embodiment schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 is the D-D cutaway view of Fig. 8.
Figure 10 is the prior art schematic diagram.
Hereby by reference to the accompanying drawings Thin-film metal mold casting equipment and process thereof are described in detail.
By Fig. 1, thin-film metal mold 1 usefulness metallic film is made, and its wall thickness is limited between 0.2～3 millimeter, material be the plain structural steel of stainless refractory steel, charcoal, Low-alloy structural steel, for example: 4Cr9Si2,1Cr18Ni9Ti, Q235A, 25,16Mn etc. Arrange between molding box 11 and the thin-film metal mold 1 a plurality of top boards 3 and pull bar 2, the outline of the medial margin of top board 3 and thin-film metal mold region of interest matches, it is real that the machining accuracy of top board medial margin should be able to make it and thin-film metal mold region of interest touch everywhere, top board 3 outsides and molding box 11 fix, pull bar 2 one ends are fixed on the thin-film metal mold 1, the other end is fixed threadably and is strained on molding box 11, must there be cooling medium outlet 4 molding box 11 bottoms when being closed state, have on the thin-film metal mold die joint and can make aluminum melt form the running channel 4 of wave current, the crystalizing interface 6 of foundry goods 15 is passed along nozzle 12 moving directions, and the movement step of each nozzle 12 and speed are by the 13 unified controls of a stored program controlled.
Thin-film metal mold can somatotype, it extends to form mould assembly pair 5 along die joint, extend to again and form a type outside the molding box 11 along 6, the top board 17 secondary relevant with mould assembly has a bone bar 9, molding box 11 has on the case rim 8 in the die joint periphery, the mould assembly pair relies on the total rigid plane M of molding box 11, bone bar 9, and a pair of mould assembly pair is utilized the mould assembly pressure initiation closed surface of molding box and the transmission of bone bar.
Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 1.
Thin-film metal mold 1 is positioned at the middle position of molding box 11, a plurality of nozzles 12 all around distribute, pull bar 2 one ends are fixed on the thin-film metal mold 1, the other end is fixed on the molding box 11 threadably, thin-film metal mold 1 has running channel 14, and running channel 14 designs are on die joint, and the mould assembly pair 5 that is connected as a single entity with running channel is arranged at the running channel bottom, running channel 14 both sides arrange insulation material 18, can make the melt hysteresis crystallization in the running channel.
Fig. 3 is the B-B cutaway view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of top board and pull bar.
Fig. 5 is the C-C cutaway view of Fig. 4.
The medial margin of top board 3 is the thin state of point, the little selection that becomes of the diameter of pull bar 2, can reduce the contact area of top board 3 and pull bar 2 and thin-film metal mold like this, make the melt heat that transmits by top board 3 and pull bar 2 also thereby reduce, can add between the adjacent top board 3 and put steadying plate 19.
Fig. 6 is a combined type molding box partial schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is that the K of Fig. 6 is to view.
Fig. 8 is the embodiment schematic diagram of thin-film metal mold Casting Equipment.
Fig. 9 is the D-D cutaway view of Fig. 8.
Base 24, core 29 all is fixed on above the pig bed 25, if core 29 is enough big, core print 27 can be set in position, is equipped with the part 26 that has fulcrum above the core print 27, and this part 26 and core print 27 actings in conjunction are further stablized core 29.
When foundry goods 28 has cavity, must settle shelly core 29, here in fact thin-film metal mold 1 has somatotype 2 times, somatotype of expression in the accompanying drawing 8, and represented another time somatotype among Fig. 9, between mould assembly of thin-film metal mold 1 secondary 5 and base 24 flexible stone blade washer 30 is housed, flexible at normal temperatures stone is black to have plasticity, and therefore corresponding mould assembly secondary 5 does not just need to rely on rigid plane.Mould assembly operating system 10 will be finished 2 actions when mould assembly, at first realize the somatotype represented among Fig. 9 with the thrust of horizontal direction, realizes the somatotype represented among Fig. 8 with the thrust of vertical direction and then.
In Fig. 8, it is the heater 23 of heat transfer medium with gas that thin-film metal mold 1 upper end is equipped with one, and heater 23 and gas heating heap (not shown) and die cavity are formed pipeline loop jointly.The fan 22 of high alumina matter of equipment or pottery or metal in pipeline loop, flow in this loop with the driving gas heat transfer medium, add thermal reactor the gas heat-transfer medium is heated to 500-900 ℃, in the mode of convection current heat transferred thin-film metal mold 1 and core 29, by facts have proved that air is well-adapted as heat transfer medium, heater mechanically can dock with thin-film metal mold or break away from, and does not have the flow direction that the mark arrow is represented heat transfer medium among the figure.
In the vertical direction passage between adjacent 2 top boards 3, have at least 1 nozzle can unhinderedly in passage, do elevating movement, when foundry goods begins crystallization, all nozzles 12 all are on the horizontal plane that flushes with the thin-film metal mold bottom, the quantity of nozzle should make cooling medium can relate to all radiating surfaces of thin-film metal mold, when foundry goods needs a plurality of nozzle, these nozzles can synchronously rise with identical speed, also can rise with different speed asynchronously, this just need select according to each position location in space of foundry goods and wall thickness.
Use the casting technique of thin-film metal mold Casting Equipment as follows, it at wall thickness the nozzle 12 of some of distributing around the film casting mold 1 of 0.2～3mm, the crystalizing interface 16 of foundry goods 15 is passed along the moving direction of nozzle, make the liquid phase region of crystalizing interface more than 16 remain the temperature that is higher than liquidus point, mainly make the casting mold of filming, its thermal capacity is limited to very little numerical value, the type temperature further defines the thin-film metal mold caloric receptivity before the control cast, therefore after running gate system thermal balance is finished, the melt shortage of heat that thin-film metal mold absorbs is so that melt crystallization, melt still is in liquid state, to accurately control heat exchange amount, accurately temperature before the cast of control thin-film metal mold can be controlled its temperature by the following formula formula.
Tx=A[T
1-0.5 (δ2)/(δ1) (T
2-T
1)]；
Wherein:
Controlled temperature (absolute temperature K) before the Tx-thin-film metal mold is annotated
T
2The casting temperature of-melt (absolute temperature K)
T
1The liquidus point temperature of-melt (absolute temperature K)
δ
2-foundry goods minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) (millimeter)
δ
1-thin-film metal mold wall thickness (millimeter)
A-correction factor (1.1～1.25)
Obtaining Tx numerical value from above-mentioned formula, is the indirect quantification reaction of aluminum melt and thin-film metal mold heat exchange, and the type temperature control is on the Tx value before just will annotating, and melt can be in more than the liquidus point temperature after thermal balance was finished in the system.This system is meant the summation that can directly or indirectly absorb the part and the melt of melt heat in the Casting Equipment, after aluminum melt injects thin-film metal mold, the thermal conversion of a predetermined quantity takes place in this system, after reaching thermal balance, violent heat exchange just stops, the above liquid phase region of crystalizing interface remained liquid condition before cooling medium relates to, finish until the crystallization of foundry goods entire body.In actual production, T
1, δ
2, δ
1Numerical value all be given, according to y=f (x), establish and make Tx=f (T
2), so the Tx value is with T
2Be the dependent variable of independent variable, δ
1Value is in limited range of the present invention, for (T
2-T
1) value be defined as between 30 ℃～80 ℃, the value of A is defined as between 1.1～1.25.
Correction factor A comprehensively revises four factors, because after thermal balance was finished in system, melt temperature can not be on the theoretical liquidus temperature point exactly, utilizes A to revise, and melt is in is higher than within the scope of liquidus point temperature; After thermal balance was finished, though this system has stopped violent heat exchange, thin-film metal mold peripheral element and air still will continue to absorb or transmit some melt heats, its numerical value also by correction factor in advance to revise; In addition the casting technique temperature of melt and the mensuration of environment temperature being controlled, all some errors can be taken place, also must be revised, secondly is formula:
Tx=A[T
1-0.5 (δ2)/(δ1) (T
2-T
1)]；
Be the decrement that is based upon the melt enthalpy with the basis that the increment of thin-film metal mold enthalpy equates on, establish the foundry goods volume and be: S
2* δ
2, the thin-film metal mold volume is: S
1* δ
1, and supposition S
2Be and S
1Equate, still, along with the increase of casting section thickness, S
2With S
1Difference just increasing, also must be revised, comprehensive above-mentioned four factor conditions, the value of A is elected as after the 1.1-1.25, can guarantee that the above liquid phase region of crystalizing interface still remained liquid state before cooling medium relates to.
In casting during thick-walled parts, δ just
2/ δ
1When ratio is enough big, the Tx value can be lower than environment temperature, at this moment thin-film metal mold is all supplied with by melt by the enthalpy increment that environment temperature is raised to thermal equilibrium temperature, but also surplus is arranged, therefore can make thin-film metal mold get the environment temperature cast, otherwise, when the Tx value is higher than environment temperature, is heated to warm Tx with the gas heat-transfer medium to thin-film metal mold and pours into a mould again later on.
Compared with prior art, this thin-film metal mold Casting Equipment and casting technique have following advantage:
1. nozzle advances from bottom to top in proper order with the crystallization linear velocity, and the above liquid phase region of crystalizing interface remains and is higher than the liquidus point temperature and then realizes ordered crystalline.
2. the casting mold of filming and to have with the rigidity plane be the mould assembly pair of support, die joint has the close property of liquid to aluminum melt after the mould assembly, and blocked cooling medium and enter the channel of casting mold from die joint, and then can carry out the repeatedly somatotype of any direction, can cast the foundry goods of arbitrary shape.
3. casting filmization, its thermal capacity spy is little, makes the thermal diffusion in the crystallization process can be in controllable state, and can realize between aluminum melt and the cooling medium that the Rapid Thermal conversion reaches rapid crystallization.
4. adopt top board and the structure of band bone bar top board and the combination of pull bar, on the casting temperature point of aluminum melt, thin-film metal mold can bear aluminum melt pressure and unlikely generation plastic deformation.
5. gained foundry goods entire body is fine and closely woven equiax crystal, and free of pinholes is with loose.
6. fully phased out feeding head, recovery rate of iron is brought up to more than 90%.
Embodiment:
With reference to the accompanying drawings 9,10, foundry goods 28 is engine cylinder-bodies of aluminium alloy, and its trade mark is ZL108, and the liquidus point temperature is 640 ℃, and the melt casting temperature is 710 ℃, and the foundry goods minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) is 9mm, and A is 1.16; By formula:
Tx=A[T
1-0.5 (δ 2)/(δ 1) (T
2-T
1)] calculate, obtaining the Tx value is 286 ℃.
So thin-film metal mold and core are heated with 700 ℃ of preheated airs, just can the cast aluminum melt when type temperature rise to 286 ℃, at this moment all nozzles 12 all are positioned on the horizontal plane of thin-film metal mold bottom, when pouring into a mould enough aluminum melts in the die cavity, intrasystem thermal balance is also finished substantially, when the time comes or slightly every several seconds, can supply with cooling water to thin-film metal mold by nozzle 12 beginnings, the rate of climb of nozzle is on all four with the crystallization linear velocity of foundry goods, when crystalizing interface 16 and horizontal plane angle are 45 °, the calculated value of crystallization linear velocity is: foundry goods bottom thinner area section is 12mm/ second, the thicker section in top is 5mm/ second, nozzle rises with the crystallization rate of place section respectively, till the whole crystallizations of foundry goods.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of thin-film metal mold Casting Equipment, it puts film-type in molding box, it is characterized in that arrange between thin-film metal mold (1) and the molding box (11) top board (3) and pull bar (2), the outline of the medial margin of top board (3) and thin-film metal mold (1) associated components coincide, and touch reality everywhere, top board (3) outside fixes with molding box (1); Thin-film metal mold (1) extends to form mould assembly pair (5) along die joint, extends molding box (11) profile moulding again along (6); Top board (17) has bone bar (9), and pull bar (2) one ends are fixed on the thin-film metal mold (1), and the other end is tightened on the molding box (11) threadably; Thin-film metal mold (1) is distributed with nozzle (12) all around; In the thin-film metal mold upper end heater (23) is housed.
2, Casting Equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: bone bar (9) has a rigid plane parallel with die joint with molding box (11), and mould assembly pair (5) is attached on this plane.
3, Casting Equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: molding box (11) can be that the boxboard (20) of Contraband shape is formed by the polylith cross section, adjacent boxboard (20) is fastening with bolt and nut, and top board (3) just is clamped between two blocks of adjacent boxboards (20).
4, Casting Equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: welding or bonding steadying plate (19) between pull bar (2) and the top board (3).
5, a kind of thin-film metal mold is used for the casting method of cast aluminum and aluminium alloy, and this method is used a molding box (11), and fixed film metal mold (1) in the molding box is characterized in that:
A, employing thin-film metal mold, its wall thickness is between 0.2～3mm;
Type temperature before b, the control casting makes metal bath inject after the thin-film metal mold and thin-film metal mold carries out the heat exchange of predetermined quantity, and after this heat exchange was finished, melt temperature still was in more than the liquidus point temperature, and type temperature Tx is by formula before the casting:
Tx=A[T
1-0.5 (δ2)/(δ1) (T
2-T
1)]；
In the formula:
Controlled temperature (absolute temperature K) before the Tx-thin-film metal mold is annotated
T
2The casting temperature of-melt (absolute temperature K)
T
1The liquidus point temperature of-melt (absolute temperature K)
δ
2-foundry goods minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) (millimeter)
δ
1-thin-film metal mold wall thickness (millimeter)
The A-correction factor;
With preheated air is that heat transfer medium is heated to warm Tx to thin-film metal mold;
Nozzle is supplied with liquid cooling medium with the fastest crystallization linear velocity rising of foundry goods corresponding site and to the thin-film metal mold outer surface.
6, casting method according to claim 5 is characterized in that correction factor A elects 1.1～1.25 as.
7, casting method according to claim 5 is characterized in that T
2-T
1Value be chosen to be 30～80 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93109137 CN1098344A (en) | 1993-08-03 | 1993-08-03 | Thin-film metal mold casting equipment and casting method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93109137 CN1098344A (en) | 1993-08-03 | 1993-08-03 | Thin-film metal mold casting equipment and casting method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1098344A true CN1098344A (en) | 1995-02-08 |
Family
ID=4987485
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93109137 Pending CN1098344A (en) | 1993-08-03 | 1993-08-03 | Thin-film metal mold casting equipment and casting method thereof |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1098344A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1095409C (en) * | 2000-01-21 | 2002-12-04 | 黄德发 | New casting method for internal-combustion rock driller head |
| CN100343001C (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2007-10-17 | 北京铝镁泰和铸机设备科技有限公司 | Thin film metal crystallizer casting machine and application method |
| CN102241040A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-11-16 | 贵州金鸟木业有限责任公司 | Method for improving veneer through heat treatment |
| CN108607954A (en) * | 2018-07-28 | 2018-10-02 | 重庆宏钢数控机床有限公司 | The anti-manufacture craft for kicking formula bed piece |
-
1993
- 1993-08-03 CN CN 93109137 patent/CN1098344A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1095409C (en) * | 2000-01-21 | 2002-12-04 | 黄德发 | New casting method for internal-combustion rock driller head |
| CN100343001C (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2007-10-17 | 北京铝镁泰和铸机设备科技有限公司 | Thin film metal crystallizer casting machine and application method |
| CN102241040A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-11-16 | 贵州金鸟木业有限责任公司 | Method for improving veneer through heat treatment |
| CN108607954A (en) * | 2018-07-28 | 2018-10-02 | 重庆宏钢数控机床有限公司 | The anti-manufacture craft for kicking formula bed piece |
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