CN109834151B - Differential temperature electromagnetic forming method and forming device for plate micropore flanging - Google Patents
Differential temperature electromagnetic forming method and forming device for plate micropore flanging Download PDFInfo
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- CN109834151B CN109834151B CN201910189989.8A CN201910189989A CN109834151B CN 109834151 B CN109834151 B CN 109834151B CN 201910189989 A CN201910189989 A CN 201910189989A CN 109834151 B CN109834151 B CN 109834151B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a differential temperature electromagnetic forming method and a forming device for a sheet micropore flanging, wherein the method comprises the following steps of S1: setting a translation path and a flanging path which are communicated; s2: preheating zones are arranged above and below the translation path, and high-temperature zones are arranged on the side parts of the flanging path; s3: placing the plate in the translation path; s4: heating the preheating zone and the high-temperature zone in an operating mode; s5: applying radial electromagnetic force to the plate to enable the plate to be extruded towards the flanging path and form a flanging in the flanging path; s6: and taking out the plate after the flanging is finished. The device comprises a male die and a female die, wherein a translation path and a flanging path which are communicated are formed between the male die and the female die, preheating regions are arranged above and below the translation path on the male die and the female die, a high-temperature region is arranged on the side part of the flanging path on the male die, and a radial side-pushing coil used for applying radial electromagnetic force to the plate is arranged near the translation path. The invention has the advantages of uniform molding, high plastic deformation capability, high molding rigidity and capability of improving the hole flanging depth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of high-speed forming of plastic processing of materials, in particular to a differential temperature electromagnetic forming method and a forming device for a plate micropore flanging.
Background
The round hole flanging with small diameter, especially the round hole flanging of thicker plates, is very easy to break at the edge of the flanging hole due to high rigidity and large deformation degree of a deformation area, and the flanging hole part meeting the technical requirements is difficult to obtain due to more passes of the steel die flanging forming procedure, unstable forming quality and low forming limit.
Electromagnetic pulse forming is a method for processing metal workpieces at high speed by using pulse magnetic field force, and can effectively improve the forming limit of materials difficult to deform such as aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy and the like and reduce resilience. In the literature, "study of flanging process of round hole of aluminum alloy plate based on magnetic pulse technology", Zhang Wenzhong et al mention that the magnetic pulse technology is adopted to realize the flanging hole forming of parts with the diameter of about 80mm, the plasticity of the material is obviously improved, and the flanging coefficient reaches 0.76. In the patent 'forming method of bellmouth flanging hole on top cover of carrier rocket storage tank', Zhang Wenzhong et al adopt three-stage coil to realize accurate flanging of rocket bellmouth. The hole flanging size of the part is 150-500. Because the number of turns of the coil required by the technology is 8-20, each level of coil is wound by adopting 10-30 square copper bars or cables, the size of the wound coil is large, and the technology is difficult to be suitable for micropore flanging forming of the plate.
In the document "simulation of the working principle of a sheet electromagnetic forming magnetic collector and improvement of the structure thereof", the operating principle of the magnetic collector is described by the wane wave. The magnetic collectors need to be provided with certain longitudinal seams, but the occurrence of the longitudinal seams inevitably causes uneven distribution of magnetic field force on the plate. In the patent 'a magnetic pulse forming device and method for small-diameter flanging holes of aluminum alloy plates', the small-hole flanging of the plates is realized by adopting a solenoid coil and a magnetic collector in the sea level and the like. However, for small hole flanging, the technology has the following problems: (1) when the small hole is small, the magnetic collector corresponding to the small hole is small in size. But the size of the longitudinal slits on the concentrator cannot be too small to avoid electrical breakdown. Therefore, the smaller the size of the small hole is, the more uneven the distribution of the magnetic field force on the plate is caused by the longitudinal seam of the magnetic collector, so that the deformation of the part after flanging is uneven; (2) in the flanging process, the material at the flange part of the plate material is difficult to flow into the opening of the female die, so that the flanging height is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a differential temperature electromagnetic forming method and a forming device for the micro-pore flanging of the plate, which have the advantages of uniform forming, high plastic deformation capacity and high forming rigidity and can improve the flanging depth.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a differential temperature electromagnetic forming method for a plate micropore flanging comprises the following steps:
s1: setting a translation path and a flanging path which are communicated;
s2: preheating zones are arranged above and below the translation path, and high-temperature zones are arranged on the side parts of the flanging path;
s3: placing the plate in the translation path;
s4: heating the preheating zone and the high-temperature zone in an operating mode;
s5: applying radial electromagnetic force to the plate to enable the plate to be extruded towards the flanging path and form a flanging in the flanging path;
s6: taking out the plate after the flanging is finished;
s7: the holding step S3 to step S6 are performed in a loop.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
in step S5, a radial electromagnetic force is applied from the end of the slab.
In step S5, a radial electromagnetic force is applied from above and below the slab and acts on the end of the slab.
In step S5, an axial tension is applied to the sheet below the turn-up path.
The utility model provides a turn-ups's of panel micropore difference temperature electromagnetic forming device, includes terrace die and die, form communicating translation route and turn-ups route between terrace die and the die, be provided with preheating zone in the upper and lower side of translation route on terrace die and the die, be provided with the high-temperature region in turn-ups route lateral part on the terrace die, near translation route be provided with be used for exerting the radial side push coil of radial electromagnetic force to the panel.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
the preheating zone is internally provided with low-temperature heating rods which are arranged in a dotted manner, and the high-temperature zone is internally provided with high-temperature heating rods which are arranged in a dotted manner.
The radial side-push coil is arranged on the periphery of the end part of the plate.
And the radial side-push coil is arranged on the male die and the female die and is positioned above and below the translation path.
The bottom plate is detachably connected with the bottom of the female die, and a pre-tensioning mechanism for applying axial tension to the plate is arranged on the bottom plate.
The pre-tensioning mechanism comprises a pre-tensioning spring and a pre-tensioning block, one end of the pre-tensioning spring is connected with the bottom plate, the other end of the pre-tensioning spring is connected with the pre-tensioning block, and the pre-tensioning block is connected with the plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the differential temperature electromagnetic forming method for the plate micropore flanging adopts the magnetic pulse flanging technology, so that the forming limit of parts can be obviously improved; the coil is not arranged above the hole flanging area, so the hole flanging size is not limited by the coil size; the flanging of the magnetic collector structure is not adopted, so that the phenomenon of uneven stress on the plate caused by the longitudinal seam of the magnetic collector is avoided, and the uniform deformation of the micro holes can be finally realized; the preheating zone and the high-temperature zone are arranged, so that different temperature distributions of different areas of the plate can be realized, namely differential temperature distribution is formed, the temperature of the hole flanging opening part of the plate is higher, and the plastic deformation capacity is improved; the temperature of the flange part (straight section) of the plate is lower than that of the opening part of the flanging hole, so that the flanging hole has better rigidity during forming; the radial electromagnetic force is adopted for driving, the phenomenon that the hole flanging cracks due to too large tensile stress of the hole flanging opening part of the plate in the traditional punching hole flanging or electromagnetic pulse hole flanging is avoided, and finally the hole flanging depth is greatly improved.
The invention discloses a differential temperature electromagnetic forming device for micro-pore flanging of a plate, which comprises a male die and a female die, wherein a translation path and a flanging path which are communicated are formed between the male die and the female die, preheating regions are arranged above and below the translation path on the male die and the female die, a high-temperature region is arranged on the side part of the flanging path on the male die, and a radial side-pushing coil for applying radial electromagnetic force to the plate is arranged near the translation path. The magnetic pulse flanging technology is adopted, so that the forming limit of the part can be obviously improved; the coil is not arranged above the hole flanging area, so the hole flanging size is not limited by the coil size; the flanging of the magnetic collector structure is not adopted, so that the phenomenon of uneven stress on the plate caused by the longitudinal seam of the magnetic collector is avoided, and the uniform deformation of the micro holes can be finally realized; the preheating zone and the high-temperature zone are arranged, so that different temperature distributions of different areas of the plate can be realized, namely differential temperature distribution is formed, the temperature of the hole flanging opening part of the plate is higher, and the plastic deformation capacity is improved; the temperature of the flange part (straight section) of the plate is lower than that of the opening part of the flanging hole, so that the flanging hole has better rigidity during forming; the radial side-push coil driving is adopted, the phenomenon that the hole flanging cracks due to too large tensile stress of the hole flanging opening part of the plate in the traditional punching hole flanging or electromagnetic pulse hole flanging is avoided, and finally the hole flanging depth is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment 1 of the method for forming the micro-hole flanging of the sheet material by using the differential temperature electromagnetic method.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view (side-push state) of an embodiment 1 of the differential temperature electromagnetic forming device for the micro-hole flanging of the sheet material.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view (forming state) of an embodiment 1 of the differential temperature electromagnetic forming device for the micro-hole flanging of the sheet material.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view (side-push state) of an embodiment 2 of the differential temperature electromagnetic forming device for the micro-hole flanging of the sheet material.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view (forming state) of an embodiment 2 of the differential temperature electromagnetic forming device for the micro-hole flanging of the sheet material.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view (forming state) of an embodiment 3 of the differential temperature electromagnetic forming device for the micro-hole flanging of the sheet material.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view (in a stretched state) of an embodiment 3 of the differential temperature electromagnetic forming device for the micro-hole flanging of the sheet material.
The reference numerals in the figures denote:
1. a plate material; 2. a translation path; 3. a flanging path; 4. a preheating zone; 41. a low temperature heating rod; 5. a high temperature zone; 51. a high temperature hot bar; 6. a male die; 7. a female die; 8. radially pushing the coil laterally; 9. a base plate; 10. a pre-tensioning mechanism; 101. pre-tensioning the spring; 102. and (5) pre-pulling the block.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
Method example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a first embodiment of the method for forming a micro-hole flanging of a sheet material by differential temperature electromagnetic forming according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
s1: a translation path 2 and a flanging path 3 which are communicated are arranged;
s2: a preheating zone 4 is arranged above and below the translation path 2, and a high-temperature zone 5 is arranged at the side part of the flanging path 3;
s3: placing the plate 1 in the translation path 2;
s4: the preheating zone 4 and the high-temperature zone 5 are operated and heated;
s5: applying radial electromagnetic force to the plate 1 to enable the plate 1 to be extruded towards the flanging path 3 and form a flanging in the flanging path 3;
s6: taking out the plate 1 after the flanging is finished;
s7: the holding step S3 to step S6 are performed in a loop.
The differential temperature electromagnetic forming method for the plate micropore flanging adopts the magnetic pulse flanging technology, so that the forming limit of parts can be obviously improved; the coil is not arranged above the hole flanging area, so the hole flanging size is not limited by the coil size; the flanging of the magnetic collector structure is not adopted, so that the phenomenon of uneven stress on the plate caused by the longitudinal seam of the magnetic collector is avoided, and the uniform deformation of the micro holes can be finally realized; the preheating zone 4 and the high-temperature zone 5 are arranged, so that different temperature distributions of different areas of the plate 1 can be realized, namely, differential temperature distribution is formed, the temperature of the hole flanging opening part of the plate 1 is higher, and the plastic deformation capacity is improved; the temperature of the flange part (straight section) of the plate 1 is lower than that of the opening part of the flanging hole, so that the flanging hole has better rigidity during forming; the radial electromagnetic force is adopted for driving, the phenomenon that the hole flanging cracks due to too large tensile stress of the hole flanging opening part of the plate 1 in the traditional punching hole flanging or electromagnetic pulse hole flanging is avoided, and finally the hole flanging depth is greatly improved.
In the present embodiment, in step S5, a radial electromagnetic force is applied from the end of the slab 1. The arrangement is favorable for one-time molding, and the required radial electromagnetic force is larger.
Method example 2:
as shown in fig. 1, fig. 4 and fig. 5, a second embodiment of the differential electromagnetic forming method of the micro-hole flanging of plate material of the present invention is substantially the same as embodiment 1 except that: in this embodiment, in step S5, radial electromagnetic force is applied from above and below the sheet and acts on the end of the sheet, so that the flanging can be formed in several times, and a single radial electromagnetic force is required to be small.
Method example 3:
as shown in fig. 1, fig. 6 and fig. 7, a third embodiment of the differential electromagnetic forming method of the micro-hole flanging of plate material of the present invention is substantially the same as embodiment 2, except that: in this embodiment, in step S5, an axial tension is applied to the sheet 1 below the burring path 3. The axial tension is applied to the plate material 1, so that plastic flow of the material is facilitated during next discharge forming, and the hole flanging height is further improved.
Apparatus example 1
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a first embodiment of the differential temperature electromagnetic forming device for flanging the micropores of the sheet material according to the present invention includes a male die 6 and a female die 7, a translation path 2 and a flanging path 3 are formed between the male die 6 and the female die 7, a preheating region 4 is disposed on the male die 6 and the female die 7 above and below the translation path 2, a high temperature region 5 is disposed on the male die 6 at a side of the flanging path 3, and a radial side-pushing coil 8 for applying a radial electromagnetic force to the sheet material 1 is disposed near the translation path 2. The magnetic pulse flanging technology is adopted, so that the forming limit of the part can be obviously improved; the coil is not arranged above the hole flanging area, so the hole flanging size is not limited by the coil size; the flanging of the magnetic collector structure is not adopted, so that the phenomenon of uneven stress on the plate caused by the longitudinal seam of the magnetic collector is avoided, and the uniform deformation of the micro holes can be finally realized; the preheating zone 4 and the high-temperature zone 5 are arranged, so that different temperature distributions of different areas of the plate 1 can be realized, namely, differential temperature distribution is formed, the temperature of the hole flanging opening part of the plate 1 is higher, and the plastic deformation capacity is improved; the temperature of the flange part (straight section) of the plate 1 is lower than that of the opening part of the flanging hole, so that the flanging hole has better rigidity during forming; the radial side-push coil 8 is adopted for driving, the phenomenon that the hole flanging cracks due to too large tensile stress of the hole flanging opening part of the plate 1 in the traditional punching hole flanging or electromagnetic pulse hole flanging process is avoided, and finally the hole flanging depth is greatly improved.
In this embodiment, the low-temperature heating rods 41 are disposed in a dotted arrangement in the preheating zone 4, and the high-temperature heating rods 51 are disposed in a dotted arrangement in the high-temperature zone 5. The low-temperature heating rod 41 and the high-temperature heating rod 51 with different densities and sizes are arranged on the male die 6 and the female die 7, so that different temperature distributions of different areas of the plate material 1 can be realized, the temperature of the hole flanging opening part of the plate material 1 is higher, and the plastic deformation capacity is improved; and the flange temperature of the plate 1 is lower than the temperature of the opening part of the flanging hole, so that the flanging hole has better rigidity when being formed.
In this embodiment, the radial side-push coil 8 is arranged on the end periphery of the plate material 1. The arrangement is favorable for one-time molding, and the required radial electromagnetic force is larger.
Apparatus example 2
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, a second embodiment of the differential electromagnetic forming device for the micro-hole flanging of the sheet material of the present invention is substantially the same as embodiment 1 except that: in this embodiment, the radial side-push coil 8 is disposed on the punch 6 and the die 7 and above and below the translation path 2. The radial side-push coil 8 is arranged above and below the translation path 2, so that the flanging can be formed in a grading manner, and the required single radial electromagnetic force is small.
Apparatus example 3
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, a third embodiment of the differential electromagnetic forming device for the micro-hole flanging of the sheet material of the present invention is substantially the same as that of embodiment 2, except that: in the embodiment, the plate drawing device further comprises a bottom plate 9, the bottom plate 9 is detachably connected with the bottom of the female die 7, and a pre-drawing mechanism 10 for applying axial tension to the plate 1 is installed on the bottom plate 9. In the structure, after the first flanging, the pre-tensioning mechanism 10 is stretched to form connection with the plate material 1, and when the next discharge forming is carried out, the pre-tensioning mechanism 10 contracts to form axial tension, so that the plastic flow of the material is facilitated, and the hole flanging height is further improved; at the same time, the axial tension of the pretensioning mechanism 10 reduces the load on the radial side push coil 8, further reducing the required single radial electromagnetic force. The bottom plate 9 is detachably connected with the bottom of the female die 7, so that the operability of connection between the pretensioning mechanism 10 and the next plate 1 during flanging forming is facilitated.
In this embodiment, the pretensioning mechanism 10 includes a pretensioning spring 101 and a pretensioning block 102, one end of the pretensioning spring 101 is connected to the bottom plate 9, the other end is connected to the pretensioning block 102, and the pretensioning block 102 is connected to the plate 1. In the structure, the pre-tensioning block 102 drives the pre-tensioning spring 101 to be stretched and connected with the plate 1, and the pre-tensioning spring 101 forms axial tension on the plate 1 through the pre-tensioning block 102 when contracting, so that the structure is simple and reliable.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A differential temperature electromagnetic forming method for a plate micropore flanging is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: a translation path (2) and a flanging path (3) which are communicated are arranged;
s2: a preheating zone (4) is arranged above and below the translation path (2), a high-temperature zone (5) is arranged on the side part of the flanging path (3), and the heating temperature of the high-temperature zone (5) is higher than that of the preheating zone (4);
s3: placing the plate (1) in the translation path (2);
s4: the preheating zone (4) and the high-temperature zone (5) are operated and heated;
s5: applying radial electromagnetic force to the plate (1) to enable the plate (1) to be extruded towards the flanging path (3) and form a flanging in the flanging path (3);
s6: taking out the plate (1) after the flanging is finished;
s7: the holding step S3 to step S6 are performed in a loop.
2. The differential temperature electromagnetic forming method of the plate micro-hole flanging as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in step S5, a radial electromagnetic force is applied from the end of the slab (1).
3. The differential temperature electromagnetic forming method of the plate micro-hole flanging as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: in step S5, a radial electromagnetic force is applied from above and below the slab (1) and acts on the end of the slab (1).
4. The differential temperature electromagnetic forming method of the plate micro-hole flanging as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: in step S5, an axial tension is applied to the sheet (1) below the flanging path (3).
5. The utility model provides a difference temperature electromagnetic forming device of panel micropore turn-ups which characterized in that: the plate bending machine comprises a male die (6) and a female die (7), wherein a communicated translation path (2) and a flanging path (3) are formed between the male die (6) and the female die (7), preheating regions (4) are arranged above and below the translation path (2) on the male die (6) and the female die (7), a high-temperature region (5) is arranged on the side portion of the flanging path (3) on the male die (6), and a radial side-pushing coil (8) used for applying radial electromagnetic force to a plate (1) is arranged at the end portion of the translation path (2).
6. The differential temperature electromagnetic forming device for the micro-hole flanging of the sheet material as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: the preheating zone (4) is internally provided with low-temperature heating rods (41) which are arranged in a point shape, and the high-temperature zone (5) is internally provided with high-temperature heating rods (51) which are arranged in a point shape.
7. The differential temperature electromagnetic forming device for the micro-hole flanging of the sheet material as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: the radial side-push coil (8) is arranged on the periphery of the end part of the plate (1).
8. The differential temperature electromagnetic forming device for the micro-hole flanging of the sheet material as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: and the radial side-push coil (8) is arranged on the male die (6) and the female die (7) and is positioned above and below the translation path (2).
9. The differential temperature electromagnetic forming device for the micro-hole flanging of the sheet material according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the sheet metal drawing die is characterized by further comprising a bottom plate (9), wherein the bottom plate (9) is detachably connected with the bottom of the female die (7), and a pre-tensioning mechanism (10) for applying axial tension to the sheet metal (1) is arranged on the bottom plate (9).
10. The differential temperature electromagnetic forming device for the micro-hole flanging of the sheet material according to claim 9, is characterized in that: the pre-tensioning mechanism (10) comprises a pre-tensioning spring (101) and a pre-tensioning block (102), one end of the pre-tensioning spring (101) is connected with the bottom plate (9), the other end of the pre-tensioning spring is connected with the pre-tensioning block (102), and the pre-tensioning block (102) is connected with the plate (1).
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| CN201910189989.8A CN109834151B (en) | 2019-03-13 | 2019-03-13 | Differential temperature electromagnetic forming method and forming device for plate micropore flanging |
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| CN201910189989.8A CN109834151B (en) | 2019-03-13 | 2019-03-13 | Differential temperature electromagnetic forming method and forming device for plate micropore flanging |
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| CN109834151B true CN109834151B (en) | 2020-04-24 |
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| CN114192651B (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2023-09-05 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Small-diameter hole flanging forming method for titanium alloy curved surface shell |
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| JPS62137125A (en) * | 1985-12-12 | 1987-06-20 | Toshiba Corp | Forming method for shadow mask for color brown tube |
| SU1520732A1 (en) * | 1987-07-29 | 1991-10-30 | Институт проблем сверхпластичности металлов АН СССР | Apparatus for producing hollow articles from sheet blank |
| CN103191971A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-07-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electromagnetism-assisted forming device and method for dissimilar metal composite boards |
| CN107138590B (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2019-03-12 | 中南大学 | A kind of device and method using the driving plate hole flanging forming of multidirectional magnetic field force |
| CN208099018U (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-11-16 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of electromagnetism setup for drawing parts |
| CN108856442B (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2020-06-19 | 中南大学 | Warm electromagnetic forming device and method for skin piece |
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