CN109831514B - Parallel chain consensus method, data exception handling method, device and storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a parallel chain consensus method, data exception processing method, equipment and storage medium. The method includes: after the main chain generates the consensus result of the first parallel chain block, synchronizing the first parallel chain block from the corresponding main chain node The first consensus transaction is executed, and the first consensus transaction is executed to generate the first execution result; wherein, the first consensus transaction includes the execution results of several first transactions of the first parachain block that have passed the parachain-main chain consensus; Whether the first execution result is consistent with the second execution result generated by the current parachain node executing several first transactions: Yes, the parachain consensus is successful, and the consensus height of the first parachain is increased; No, the parachain consensus fails, and no increase The consensus height of the first parachain. By comparing the execution result of executing the first consensus transaction with the second execution result of the synchronized main chain transaction executed by the node, the present invention can detect the tampering of the attacker in time, and further ensure the accuracy of the consensus result.

Description

Parachain consensus method, data exception handling method, equipment and storage medium

technical field

The present application relates to the field of blockchain information technology, in particular to a parallel chain consensus method, data exception processing method, equipment and storage medium.

Background technique

In the existing parachain consensus, after the parachain executes the transaction belonging to the chain, the execution result is sent to the main chain for consensus, and the parachain only needs to synchronize the consensus result of the main chain to complete the parachain consensus. In this case, the scheme of directly synchronizing the consensus results of the main chain can easily lead to the phenomenon that the consensus results are tampered with but the parachain nodes do not know it. After the parachain is discovered, the block height may have increased a lot, causing great losses.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the prior art, it is desirable to provide a parachain consensus method, device and storage medium with a verification function.

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a parachain consensus method, the method is suitable for parachain nodes, and the method includes:

After the main chain generates the consensus result of the first parachain block, synchronize the first consensus transaction of the first parachain block from the corresponding main chain node, and execute the first consensus transaction to generate the first execution result; wherein, the first The consensus transaction includes the execution results of several first transactions of the first parachain block through the parachain-mainchain consensus;

Compare whether the first execution result is consistent with the second execution result generated by the current parachain node executing several first transactions:

If yes, the parachain consensus is successful, increasing the consensus height of the first parachain;

Otherwise, the parachain consensus fails, and the consensus height of the first parachain is not increased.

Further, if the parachain consensus fails, determine whether the current parachain node fails:

Yes, continue to execute the first consensus transaction and subsequent steps of synchronizing the first parachain block from the corresponding main chain node after processing the failure of this parachain node;

No, send abnormal data transactions to the corresponding main chain node, so that the main chain node can determine the cause of consensus failure and deal with it.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a data exception processing method, which is suitable for main chain nodes, and the method includes:

Receive the abnormal data transaction sent by the corresponding parachain node; wherein, the parachain consensus failure caused by the inconsistency between the parachain node's judgment of the first execution result and the second execution result generated by the parachain node executing several first transactions for the abnormal data transaction is not This parachain node is sent after failure, and the first execution result is generated by the parachain node synchronizing and executing the first consensus transaction. The first consensus transaction includes several first transactions of the first parachain block that have passed the parachain-main chain consensus. the execution result;

Judging and processing the abnormal data according to the abnormal data transaction, so that the parachain node can synchronize from the corresponding main chain node and execute the first consensus transaction of the first parachain block to generate the first execution result, and judge the first execution result Whether it is consistent with the second execution result generated by the parachain node executing several first transactions.

Further, judging and processing abnormal data according to abnormal data transactions includes:

Determine whether the main chain is forked according to the abnormal data: if yes, then roll back.

In a third aspect, the present invention also provides an apparatus comprising one or more processors and a memory, wherein the memory contains instructions executable by the one or more processors to cause the one or more processors to perform various functions according to the present invention. The parachain consensus and data exception processing method provided by the embodiment.

In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program enables a computer to execute the parachain consensus and data exception processing method provided according to the embodiments of the present invention.

A parachain consensus method, device, and storage medium provided by various embodiments of the present invention send the synchronization and execution parachain node to the first consensus transaction on the main chain after the parachain-main chain consensus, and send the execution result to the first consensus transaction on the main chain. Compared with the second execution result of the synchronous main chain transaction executed by this node, the tampering by the attacker can be detected in time through the comparison and verification of the parachain node, which further ensures the accuracy of the consensus result.

A parachain consensus method, device and storage medium provided by some embodiments of the present invention further self-check the cause or notify the main chain node in time after the parachain consensus fails, so as to deal with the failure cause and improve the efficiency of the parachain consensus .

Description of drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of a parachain consensus method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a parachain consensus method provided by an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the method shown in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a data exception processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the related invention, but not to limit the invention. In addition, it should be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the drawings.

It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other in the case of no conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

The present invention provides a solution for a parallel chain node to perform a consensus on a parallel chain side for a block that is agreed through a parallel chain-main chain consensus mechanism. In the present invention, one main chain may be configured with one or more parallel chains.

Each node of a parachain corresponds to a different main chain node, and can communicate with the corresponding main chain node, and each node of the parachain cannot communicate with each other.

The consensus mechanism of parachain-main chain relies on the consensus of the main chain: there are several authorized nodes (usually 3f+1, f is a positive integer) configured in the parallel chain, and each authorized node packages the blocks of the block to be consensus separately. The information is sent to the corresponding main chain node. The main chain node records the information of each block on the main chain, and verifies whether the information of each block is not less than the first threshold number of blocks with the same information: yes, then the parallel chain The block passes the consensus, and configures the commit identifier for authentication for the parachain block. The block information of the block to be consensus is the execution result of the transaction of this parachain, which is sent to the corresponding main chain in the form of a consensus transaction. node.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of a parachain consensus method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 1, in this embodiment, several nodes (A, B, C, ..., T, ...) are configured in the main chain, and 10 nodes (a1, b1, c1, ..., t1) are configured in the first parallel chain ), where the nodes a1, b1, c1, and d1 are configured as the authorization nodes of the first parachain as an example, and the parachain consensus scheme of the present invention is described in detail.

In Figure 1, the client terminal sends the transactions of the first parachain (such as tx1, tx2, ...) to the main chain, and each node of the first parachain synchronizes and executes transactions such as tx1, tx2 from the corresponding main chain node, Then the consensus transaction is the execution result of executing tx1, tx2...etc.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a parachain consensus method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2 , in this embodiment, the present invention provides a parachain consensus method, which is applicable to parachain nodes (for example, a1, b1, c1, d1, etc. shown in FIG. 1 ) including:

S11. After the main chain generates the consensus result of the first parachain block, synchronize the first consensus transaction of the first parachain block from the corresponding main chain node, and execute the first consensus transaction to generate the first execution result; wherein, The first consensus transaction includes execution results of several first transactions of the first parachain block that have passed the parachain-main chain consensus;

S12. Compare whether the first execution result is consistent with the second execution result generated by the current parachain node executing several first transactions:

If yes, the parachain consensus is successful, increasing the consensus height of the first parachain;

Otherwise, the parachain consensus fails, and the consensus height of the first parachain is not increased.

Taking the scene diagram shown in Figure 1 as an example, each parachain node (a1, b1, c1, d1...) of the first parachain synchronizes the transactions tx1, tx2 to the corresponding main chain nodes, and executes tx1, tx2 and generates execution. As a result of m2, the authorization node of the first parachain (a1, b1, c1, d1 as shown in Figure 1) packages the execution result to generate the first consensus transaction of the first parachain block and sends it to the corresponding main chain node to For the main chain nodes to reach consensus through the parachain-main chain consensus mechanism, after the main chain passes the consensus of the first parachain block and records it on the main chain, each parachain node synchronizes the first consensus transaction and executes the first consensus transaction Generate the first execution result m1, and compare the first execution result m1 with the execution result m2 generated by the previous execution of tx1 and tx2 by each parachain node. If they are consistent, the parachain consensus is successful, and the consensus height of the parachain increases, otherwise it does not increase The consensus height of the parachain.

In this embodiment, instead of directly synchronizing the consensus result of the main chain, the consensus transaction is synchronized by the parallel chain nodes, and the result of calculating the consensus transaction is compared with the execution result of the transaction synchronizing the current chain calculated by the node, and it is timely to find out that the consensus result of the main chain has been tampered with or Forks, etc.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the method shown in FIG. 2 .

As shown in Figure 3, in this embodiment, the above method further includes:

S13. If the parachain consensus fails, determine whether the current parachain node fails:

Yes, continue to execute the first consensus transaction and subsequent steps of synchronizing the first parachain block from the corresponding main chain node after processing the failure of this parachain node;

No, send abnormal data transactions to the corresponding main chain node, so that the main chain node can determine the cause of consensus failure and deal with it.

Specifically, if the parachain consensus fails, the current node judges whether the node is faulty, such as a problem with the hard disk, inconsistent versions, etc. If so, remove the cause of the failure in time and resynchronize the first consensus transaction to complete the parachain in time. consensus. If it is not the failure of this node, the abnormal data transaction is sent to the corresponding main chain node, and the main chain node judges whether the cause of the consensus failure is caused by the main chain according to the abnormal data transaction, such as the main chain forks, or the main chain. Several nodes participating in the consensus are jointly cheating, or the consensus result of the main chain has been maliciously tampered with and other situations.

In addition, since the parachain nodes do not communicate with each other, if after checking that the node is not faulty, it will send information to the operator of the blockchain system at the same time as the corresponding main chain node, so that the operator can check the cause of the failure, thereby Avoid the occurrence of fraudulent alliances of parachain authorized nodes sending consensus transactions.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a data exception processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4 , in this embodiment, the present invention provides a data exception processing method, which is applicable to main chain nodes, and the above method includes:

S21. Receive the abnormal data transaction sent by the corresponding parachain node; wherein, for the abnormal data transaction, the parachain consensus is caused by the parachain node judging that the first execution result is inconsistent with the second execution result generated by the parachain node executing several first transactions. The failure is not sent after the failure of the parachain node. The first execution result is generated by the parachain node synchronizing and executing the first consensus transaction. The first consensus transaction includes several first parachain blocks that have passed the parachain-main chain consensus. 1. the execution result of the transaction;

S22. Judge and process the abnormal data according to the abnormal data transaction, so that the parachain node can synchronize from the corresponding main chain node and execute the first consensus transaction of the first parachain block to generate the first execution result, and judge the first Whether the execution result is consistent with the second execution result generated by the parachain node executing several first transactions.

Specifically, the execution principle of the method shown in FIG. 4 is the same as that of the method shown in FIG. 2 , and details are not described herein again.

Preferably, judging and processing the abnormal data according to the abnormal data transaction described in step S22 includes:

S221. Determine whether the main chain is forked according to the abnormal data: if yes, perform a rollback operation.

Specifically, after receiving the abnormal data transaction sent by the corresponding parachain node, the main chain node determines whether the parachain consensus fails due to the main chain fork according to the abnormal data, and if so, executes a rollback operation.

In the above embodiment, the abnormal data transaction sent by the parachain node to the main chain node can enable the main chain node to find its own cause in time, and if the parachain consensus fails due to the main chain fork, the main chain node can also be made to execute the callback in advance. The rollback operation does not have to wait until a large number of parallel chain consensus fails or the main chain node finds a fork and then rolls back after executing multiple blocks, which greatly improves the execution efficiency.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 5 , as another aspect, the present application also provides a device 700 including one or more central processing units (CPUs) 701 , which can operate according to a program stored in a read only memory (ROM) 702 or Various appropriate actions and processes are executed from the program loaded into the random access memory (RAM) 703 from the storage section 708 . In the RAM 703, various programs and data necessary for the operation of the device 700 are also stored. The CPU 701 , the ROM 702 , and the RAM 703 are connected to each other through a bus 704 . An input/output (I/O) interface 705 is also connected to bus 704 .

The following components are connected to the I/O interface 705: an input section 706 including a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output section 707 including a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., and a speaker, etc.; a storage section 708 including a hard disk, etc. ; and a communication section 709 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, and the like. The communication section 709 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 710 is also connected to the I/O interface 705 as needed. A removable medium 711, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, etc., is mounted on the drive 710 as needed so that a computer program read therefrom is installed into the storage section 708 as needed.

In particular, according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the parachain consensus method and the data exception processing method described in any of the above embodiments can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure include a computer program product comprising a computer program tangibly embodied on a machine-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for executing a parachain consensus method and a data exception handling method. In such an embodiment, the computer program may be downloaded and installed from the network via the communication portion 709 and/or installed from the removable medium 711 .

As yet another aspect, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium may be a computer-readable storage medium included in the apparatus of the foregoing embodiment; A computer-readable storage medium in a device. The computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs, which are used by one or more processors to execute the parachain consensus method and data exception handling method described in this application.

The flowchart and block diagrams in the Figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code that contains one or more logical functions for implementing the specified functions executable instructions. It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It is also noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, can be implemented by dedicated hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or operations , or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

The units or modules involved in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented in a software manner, and may also be implemented in a hardware manner. The described units or modules may also be provided in the processor, for example, each of the units may be a software program provided in a computer or a mobile smart device, or may be a separately configured hardware device. Wherein, the names of these units or modules do not constitute limitations on the units or modules themselves under certain circumstances.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and an illustration of the applied technical principles. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the present application is not limited to the technical solutions formed by the specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, and should also cover, without departing from the concept of the present application, the above-mentioned technical features or Other technical solutions formed by any combination of its equivalent features. For example, a technical solution is formed by replacing the above-mentioned features with the technical features disclosed in this application (but not limited to) with similar functions.

Claims (6)

1. A parachain consensus method, characterized in that the method is applicable to a parachain node, and the method comprises: After the main chain generates the consensus result of the first parachain block, synchronize the first consensus transaction of the first parachain block from the corresponding main chain node, and execute the first consensus transaction to generate the first execution result; Wherein, the first consensus transaction includes execution results of several first transactions of the first parachain block that have passed the parachain-main chain consensus; Compare whether the first execution result is consistent with the second execution result generated by the current parachain node executing the several first transactions: If yes, the parachain consensus is successful, increasing the consensus height of the first parachain; Otherwise, the parachain consensus fails, and the consensus height of the first parachain is not increased. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: If the parachain consensus fails, determine whether the current parachain node is faulty: Yes, continue to execute the first consensus transaction and subsequent steps of synchronizing the first parachain block from the corresponding main chain node after processing the failure of this parachain node; If no, send the abnormal data transaction to the corresponding main chain node, so that the main chain node can determine the cause of the consensus failure and deal with it. 3. A data exception processing method, wherein the method is applicable to a main chain node, and the method comprises: Receive the abnormal data transaction sent by the corresponding parachain node; wherein, the abnormal data transaction is caused by the parachain node judging that the first execution result is inconsistent with the second execution result generated by the parachain node executing several first transactions. The failure of the parachain consensus is not caused by the failure of the parachain node, and the first execution result is generated by the parachain node synchronizing and executing the first consensus transaction, and the first consensus transaction includes passing the parachain-main chain consensus. The execution results of several first transactions of the first parachain block of ; Judging and processing the abnormal data according to the abnormal data transaction, so that the parachain node can synchronize from the corresponding main chain node and execute the first consensus transaction of the first parachain block to generate the first execution result, And judge whether the first execution result is consistent with the second execution result generated by the parachain node executing the plurality of first transactions. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the judging and processing of abnormal data according to the abnormal data transaction comprises: Determine whether the main chain is forked according to the abnormal data: if yes, then perform a rollback operation. 5. A computer device, characterized in that the device comprises: one or more processors; memory for storing one or more programs, The one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the method of any of claims 1-4. 6. A storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, when the program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1-4 is implemented.

Images