CN109830678A - Lithium-carbon dioxide positive electrode for battery material and its preparation method and application - Google Patents

Lithium-carbon dioxide positive electrode for battery material and its preparation method and application Download PDF

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CN109830678A
CN109830678A CN201811652742.7A CN201811652742A CN109830678A CN 109830678 A CN109830678 A CN 109830678A CN 201811652742 A CN201811652742 A CN 201811652742A CN 109830678 A CN109830678 A CN 109830678A
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carbon
biomass
positive electrode
lithium
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梁华根
陈浮
夏秀红
荆胜羽
马静
张永良
张绍良
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The present invention relates to lithium-carbon dioxide positive electrode for battery materials and its preparation method and application, the positive electrode is the compound that carbon-clad metal nano particle and three-dimensional self-supporting carbon material are formed, and the gross mass that the carbon-clad metal nano particle accounts for compound is 10-50wt%.The invention has the advantages that 1) present invention utilizes discarded, cheap biomass for raw material, the use of the carriers such as carbon paper, carbon cloth, nickel foam, grapheme foam or electrospun fiber membrane is avoided, battery production cost can be greatly reduced;(2) present invention process is simple, convieniently synthesized, easily realization scale application etc..

Description

Lithium-carbon dioxide positive electrode for battery material and its preparation method and application
Technical field
The invention belongs to inorganic nano material and new energy materials fields, are related to rechargeable lithium secondary battery, are related to one kind Lithium-carbon dioxide positive electrode for battery material and its preparation method and application.
Background technique
Increasingly serious due to environmental pollution and energy crisis, the development and utilization of green novel energy source is current research heat Point, lithium-carbon dioxide battery (Li-CO2Batteries) it is CO by the Li of cathode and anode2Between occur redox it is anti- It should produce electricl energy, air due to positive active material from surrounding, not need to be stored in inside battery, theoretical specific energy Density can achieve 1000Wh kg-1More than, therefore, Li-CO2Battery is considered as developing and utilizing renewable and clean energy resource Powerful technique has wide answer in fields such as residential energy storage, electric car driving, Mine Electric Power equipment and smart grids Use prospect.In addition, Li-CO2Battery during discharge, can be by the CO in air2Reduction is fixed, especially power plant or industry The high concentration CO generated in the process2, and the C and LiCO generated3It can be used as fuel and industrial chemicals, it is considered to be before one kind is great The New Type of Carbon trapping technique (Li X et al., Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2016,37,1016-24) of scape.
However, organic electrolyte system Li-CO2Battery from practical application there are also larger gap, 1. positive electrode catalytic efficiency Lower, in charge and discharge process, there are biggish overpotentials, may cause the decomposition of electrolyte and binder, cause cell performance Can decay rapidly (Zhang Z et al., Angewandte Chemie-International Edition, 2015,54, 6550-6553);2. discharging product (C and LiCO3) electrolyte is not dissolved in, it can be deposited on the duct of air electrode, gas is caused to pass Defeated channel blockage, electrode polarization and impedance increase, and cause battery premature failure (Liu Y et al., Energy& Environmental Science, 2014,7,677-681).In order to solve these problems, current research is concentrated mainly on pair The modification of positive electrode, to reduce charge and discharge overpotential and improve cycle performance of battery.
CNTs is applied to Li-CO for the first time by Zhang etc.2Battery is 50mA g in discharge current density-1When, electric discharge is held Amount can achieve 8500mAh g-1, overpotential is only 0.13V.Author thinks: carbon nanotube accumulates the three-dimensional multistage hole to be formed knot Structure had both been Li2CO3Deposition good storage space is provided, be also CO2Transmission and infiltration with electrolyte provide quickly logical Road (Zhang X et al., Chemical Communications.2015;51:14636-9).Zhang et al. has found monocrystalline The mesoporous NiO nanometer sheet of structure can effectively decompose Li2CO3(Zhang Z et al., Advanced Science, 2018, 5,1700567J).
Li-CO2The anode of battery is usually that conductive agent (carbon material), catalyst and binder are directly mixed and made into slurry Material, coated in the Porous gas electrode prepared on the matrixes such as carbon paper or nickel foam.Carbon material in Porous gas electrode is reaction The important support carrier of product, specific surface area, pore structure and micromorphology are an important factor for determining product bearing capacity, also to exist It has been largely fixed Li-CO2The discharge capacity of battery.Therefore, the positive electrode of high porosity and high catalytic activity is designed It is to realize Li-CO2The commercialized effective scheme of battery.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned Li-CO2Battery there are the problem of, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of high performance Li-CO2Electricity Pond positive electrode and preparation method thereof;The present invention also aims to the three-dimensional structures using biomass, obtain three-dimensional self-supporting Positive electrode, side reaction caused by avoiding in positive electrode due to using binder occurs;The present invention also aims to benefits With biomass porous structure and biggish specific surface area, efficient electrolyte and oxygen transmission channel are provided, and is produced for electric discharge Object provides sufficiently large storage space, improves Li-CO2The capacity of battery;The present invention also aims to can be in biological material The surface deposited metal organic framework material of material prepares the carbon-clad metal nano particle of the core-shell structure of high activity, enhances CO2 Electro-catalysis reduction and Li2CO3The ability of catalytic decomposition reduces charge and discharge overpotential, improves Li-CO2The cyclical stability of battery.
The present invention provides a kind of lithium-carbon dioxide positive electrode for battery material and its preparation method and application, skill of the invention Art scheme is: lithium-carbon dioxide positive electrode for battery material, which is carbon-clad metal nano particle and three-dimensional self-supporting The compound that carbon material is formed, the gross mass that the carbon-clad metal nano particle accounts for compound is 10-50wt%.
A method of preparing lithium-carbon dioxide positive electrode for battery material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) it using biomass as raw material, is placed in the solution of metal salt and additive, is slow added into containing organic linking The solution of agent reacts 1-24h under 20-180 degree, obtain the biomass of carried metal organic framework material, will obtain later Biomass cleaning removes the metal-organic framework materials of surface growth loosely, obtains biomass presoma after dry;
(2) it by the biomass presoma of preparation, is placed in tube furnace, under inert atmosphere, with 0.5-10 degree/min liter Warm rate is warming up under 600-1100 degree, is kept the temperature 1-12h, is obtained three-dimensional self-supporting and adulterate carbon material supported carbon coating transition The positive electrode of metal nanoparticle.
In the step of described (1), biomass is the biomass with three-dimensional porous structure, is cut into diameter after cleaning up For 10-20mm, with a thickness of the disk of 0.5-10mm, the 60-100 degree drying for standby in baking oven.
The pore diameter range of the biomass is 1nm~100um;The density of the biomass is 0.1~200mg/cm3, institute State 0.1~10cm/g of Kong Rongwei of biomass.
The metal salt is acetate, nitrate, sulfate, oxalates or the chlorine of zinc, cobalt, nickel, iron, copper, zirconium and titanium One or more of compound cooperates according to arbitrary proportion.
Solvent used in the metal salt solution and organic linking agent be deionized water, ethyl alcohol, methanol, ethylene glycol, N, Dinethylformamide, dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide or N, any one or a few in N- diethylformamide are pressed According to arbitrary proportion cooperation.
The additive is trisodium citrate, citric acid, polyvinyl alcohol, Pidolidone, phthalic acid, succinic acid, acetic acid In any one or according to arbitrary proportion cooperation it is several.
The organic linking agent be the potassium ferricyanide, potassium cobalticyanide, nickel potassium cyanide, 2-methylimidazole, 1,3,5- benzenetricarboxylic acid, Triethylamine, 1,4- rutgers, 4,4', 4 "-(three base of 1,3,5- triazine -2,4,6-) three-benzoic acid, 2- amino are to benzene Any one or a few in dioctyl phthalate, terephthalic acid (TPA) cooperates according to arbitrary proportion.
The molar ratio of the metal salt, additive and organic linking agent is 1:0.01~0.5:0.1~10.
A kind of positive electrode is used to prepare lithium-carbon dioxide anode.
The invention has the advantages that 1) present invention utilizes discarded, cheap biomass for raw material, avoid using carbon paper, carbon The use of the carriers such as cloth, nickel foam, grapheme foam or electrospun fiber membrane can greatly reduce battery production cost;(2) this hair Bright simple process, it is convieniently synthesized, easily realize scale application;(3) the three-dimensional self-supporting carbon of present invention preparation biomass derived Material, acts not only as the carrier of catalyst, and hetero atom abundant in body phase can also form active site, with carbon Clad metal nano particle forms synergistic effect effect, improves battery performance;(4) present invention use metal-organic framework materials for Catalyst precursor not only may be implemented the evenly dispersed of catalyst, but also be formed by core-shell structure, and the carbon of outer layer is also advantageous In the reunion of protection metal nanoparticle, the extension of battery cycle life is realized.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: a kind of lithium-carbon dioxide positive electrode for battery material, the positive electrode are carbon-clad metal nano particle The compound formed with three-dimensional self-supporting carbon material, specifically the preparation method is as follows: biomass pomelo peel is peelled off outside outer layer yellow Pi Hou, clean with deionized water, washes of absolute alcohol, being cut into diameter is 16mm, the disk with a thickness of 2mm, 60 degree in baking oven Lower drying for standby.
0.87g Nickelous nitrate hexahydrate is taken, 1.325g trisodium citrate is dissolved in 20ml deionized water, and it is clean that 100mg is added Net pomelo peel, stirs 6h, and ultrasonic 30min is made into solution A;
The 0.6585g potassium ferricyanide is taken, is dissolved in 20ml deionized water, is made into B solution;
In the case of stirring, B solution is slowly added to solution A, after persistently stirring 15min, is placed in aging at room temperature 24h;
There is the pomelo peel of the Prussian blue similar object (one kind of metal-organic framework materials) of NiFe to take out final growth, uses Deionized water, washes of absolute alcohol each 3 times, it is spare that biomass presoma is dried to obtain under 60 degree in baking oven;The metal has Machine framework material is mainly grown in the surface or body phase for being deposited on biomass, the metal-organic framework materials can also be ZIF, Above-mentioned biomass presoma is placed in tube furnace by BTC, UiO, HKUST, under an ar atmosphere, is warming up to 1000 with 2 degree/min Degree keeps the temperature 2h, calcines and final product is made, and be directly used as Li-CO2The anode of battery.
Embodiment 2: a kind of lithium-carbon dioxide positive electrode for battery material, the positive electrode are carbon-clad metal nano particle The compound formed with three-dimensional self-supporting carbon material, it is specific the preparation method is as follows:
Clean with deionized water, washes of absolute alcohol after biomass watermelon peel is peelled off outer layer shagreen, being cut into diameter is 16mm, the disk with a thickness of 2mm, 60 degree of lower drying for standby in baking oven.
0.87g cabaltous nitrate hexahydrate is taken, 1.325g trisodium citrate is dissolved in 20ml deionized water, and it is clean that 100mg is added Net watermelon peel, stirs 6h, and ultrasonic 30min is made into solution A;
The 0.665g potassium ferricyanide is taken, is dissolved in 20ml deionized water, is made into B solution;
In the case of stirring, B solution is slowly added to solution A, after persistently stirring 15min, is placed in aging at room temperature 24h;
There is the watermelon peel of the Prussian blue similar object of Co to take out final growth, with deionized water, washes of absolute alcohol each 3 Secondary, it is spare to form biomass presoma for 60 degree of lower dryings in baking oven;
Above-mentioned biomass presoma is placed in tube furnace, under an ar atmosphere, is warming up to 900 degree with 2 degree/min, heat preservation 2h is calcined and final product is made, and is directly used as Li-CO2The anode of battery.
Embodiment 3: lithium-carbon dioxide positive electrode for battery material positive electrode is carbon-clad metal nano particle and three-dimensional The compound that self-supporting carbon material is formed, it is specific the preparation method is as follows:
Biomass silk cocoon deionized water, washes of absolute alcohol is clean, and being cut into diameter is 16mm, the circle with a thickness of 2mm Piece, 60 degree of lower drying for standby in baking oven.
0.87g cabaltous nitrate hexahydrate is taken, is dissolved in 30ml anhydrous methanol, the silk cocoon of 100mg cleaning is added, stirs 6h, Ultrasonic 30min, is made into solution A;
1.476g methylimidazole is taken, is dissolved in 30ml anhydrous methanol, is made into B solution;
In the case of stirring, B solution is slowly added to solution A, after persistently stirring 30min, is placed in aging at room temperature 24h;
There is the silk cocoon of ZIF to take out final growth, each 3 times with washes of absolute alcohol, 60 degree of lower dryings are formed in baking oven Biomass presoma is spare;
Above-mentioned biomass presoma is placed in tube furnace, under an ar atmosphere, is warming up to 900 degree with 2 degree/min, heat preservation 2h is calcined and final product is made, and is directly used as Li-CO2The anode of battery.
Embodiment 4: lithium-carbon dioxide positive electrode for battery material, the positive electrode are carbon-clad metal nano particle and three Tie up the compound that self-supporting carbon material is formed, it is specific the preparation method is as follows:
Clean with deionized water, washes of absolute alcohol after pomelo peel is peelled off outer layer yellow crust, being cut into diameter is 16mm, the disk with a thickness of 2mm, 60 degree of lower drying for standby in baking oven.
0.2g copper acetate is taken, 0.073g Pidolidone is dissolved in 40ml deionized water, and the shaddock of 100mg cleaning is added Skin, stirs 6h, and ultrasonic 30min is made into solution A;
1,3,5- benzenetricarboxylic acid of 0.14g is taken, is dissolved in 40ml dehydrated alcohol, is made into B solution;
In the case of stirring, B solution is slowly added to solution A, after persistently stirring 30min, is placed in aging at room temperature 24h;
There is the pomelo peel of Cu-BTC to take out final growth, with deionized water, washes of absolute alcohol each 3 times, in baking oven It is spare that 60 degree of lower dryings form biomass presoma;
Above-mentioned biomass presoma is placed in tube furnace, under an ar atmosphere, is warming up to 900 degree with 2 degree/min, heat preservation 2h is calcined and final product is made, and is directly used as Li-CO2The anode of battery.
The synthesis of the Prussian blue similar object powder of comparative example 1:Ni-Fe: it is identical as the synthesis condition of embodiment 1, only It is to be added without pomelo peel.
Above-mentioned powder is placed in tube furnace, under an ar atmosphere, is warming up to 1000 degree with 2 degree/min, keeps the temperature 2h, calcining system Obtain the carbon coating NiFe nanoparticle of final core-shell structure.
Carbon paper is in deionized water, acetone, dehydrated alcohol, each ultrasound 30min, removes the pollutant and oil of surface attachment Stain, 60 degree of lower drying for standby in baking oven.
The carbon coating NiFe nanoparticle of above-mentioned preparation, the Nafion solution (mass ratio 9:1) of 5wt% are taken, with being slurried Material, is sprayed on carbon paper surface, 80 degree of drying for standby in baking oven, wherein carbon coating NiFe nanoparticle supporting on carbon paper Amount control is 1 ± 0.1mg/cm2
Above-mentioned the electrode obtained is cut into the disk that diameter is 12mm, is used as Li-CO2The anode of battery.
Comparative example 2: it is clean with deionized water, washes of absolute alcohol after pomelo peel is peelled off outer layer yellow crust, it cuts It is 16mm, with a thickness of the disk of 2mm at diameter, 60 degree of lower drying for standby in baking oven.
The pomelo peel of above-mentioned cleaning is placed in tube furnace, under an ar atmosphere, is warming up to 1000 degree with 2 degree/min, heat preservation 2h is calcined and final product is made, and is directly used as Li-CO2The anode of battery.
By anode obtained by embodiment 1,2,3,4 and comparative example 1,2, group in the glove box of argon atmosphere is put into after weighing Fill button Li-CO2Battery, lithium piece make cathode, and Whatman glass fibre is diaphragm, the bis trifluoromethyl sulfimide lithium of 1.0M (LiTFSI) solution in tetraethyleneglycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME) solvent is dissolved in as electrolyte, is assembled into glove box CR2025 button cell.The battery assembled is placed in glove box and carries out electrochemical property test afterwards for 24 hours, test temperature is Room temperature, test voltage range are 2.0~4.5V.The calculating of specific capacity of the present invention is calculated by the basis of positive gross mass Specific capacity, electric current calculates with electrode area.
Experimental effect analysis: in 0.05mA/cm2Current density under, to Li-CO2Battery carries out charge-discharge test.Using Its first discharge specific capacity of the electrode material of the preparation of embodiment 1 is up to 504.6mAh/g, and coulombic efficiency is up to 72%.Limiting electricity Pressure is 2-4.5V, capacity cutoff 0.25mAh/cm2, current density 0.05mA/cm2In the case where carry out loop test, use Electrode material prepared by embodiment 1 can stablize circulation 109 times.However, using the Li-CO of comparative example 1 and 22Battery, Under the same terms, first discharge specific capacity is only 44mAh/g and 6mAh/g respectively;Coulombic efficiency is only 50% He respectively 40%;Cycle life is only 13 times and 2 times respectively.
The discussion and description of front are the citings of the specific embodiment of the invention, but they do not mean that the limit operated by this System.According to the present invention, many improvements and changes are apparent to those skilled in the art.Biological material source is rich Richness, all biological materials with three-dimensional porous structure, belongs to the protection category of the invention;In addition, metal organic framework material Expect it is many kinds of, it is most of to can apply to this scheme, also belong to the protection category of the invention.Claim includes all etc. Effect description, defines the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. lithium-carbon dioxide positive electrode for battery material, which is characterized in that the positive electrode is carbon-clad metal nano particle and three The compound that self-supporting carbon material is formed is tieed up, the gross mass that the carbon-clad metal nano particle accounts for compound is 10-50wt%.
2. a kind of prepare lithium described in claim 1-carbon dioxide positive electrode for battery material method, which is characterized in that including Following steps:
(1) it using biomass as raw material, is placed in the solution of metal salt and additive, is slow added into containing organic bridging agent Solution reacts 1-24h under 20-180 degree, obtains the biomass of carried metal organic framework material, the biology that will be obtained later Matter cleaning removes the metal-organic framework materials of surface growth loosely, obtains biomass presoma after dry;
(2) it by the biomass presoma of preparation, is placed in tube furnace, under inert atmosphere, with 0.5-10 degree/min heating speed Rate is warming up under 600-1100 degree, is kept the temperature 1-12h, is obtained three-dimensional self-supporting and adulterate carbon material supported carbon coating transition metal The positive electrode of nanoparticle.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, it is described the step of (1) in, biomass is more with three-dimensional The biomass of pore structure, it is 10-20mm, the disk with a thickness of 0.5-10mm, the 60- in baking oven that diameter is cut into after cleaning up 100 degree of drying for standby.
4. according to the method in claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the pore diameter range of the biomass is 1nm~100um; The density of the biomass is 0.1~200mg/cm3, 0.1~10cm of Kong Rongwei of the biomass3/g。
5. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the metal salt is zinc, cobalt, nickel, iron, copper, zirconium and titanium One or more of acetate, nitrate, sulfate, oxalates or chloride cooperate according to arbitrary proportion.
6. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, molten used in the metal salt solution and organic linking agent Agent is deionized water, ethyl alcohol, methanol, ethylene glycol, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide or N, N- Any one or a few in diethylformamide is according to arbitrary proportion cooperation.
7. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the additive is trisodium citrate, citric acid, polyethylene Alcohol, Pidolidone, phthalic acid, succinic acid, in acetic acid any one or according to the several of arbitrary proportion cooperation.
8. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the organic linking agent is the potassium ferricyanide, potassium cobalticyanide, cyanogen Change nickel potassium, 2-methylimidazole, 1,3,5- benzenetricarboxylic acid, triethylamine, 1,4- rutgers, 4,4', 4 "-(1,3,5- tri- Three base of piperazine -2,4,6-) three-benzoic acid, 2- amino terephthalic acid (TPA), any one or a few in terephthalic acid (TPA) be according to any Ratio cooperation.
9. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, mole of the metal salt, additive and organic linking agent Than for 1:0.01~0.5:0.1~10.
10. a kind of positive electrode, which is characterized in that be prepared, be used to prepare using claim 2 to 9 any one method Lithium-carbon dioxide anode.
CN201811652742.7A 2018-12-28 2018-12-28 Lithium-carbon dioxide positive electrode for battery material and its preparation method and application Pending CN109830678A (en)

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CN113381031A (en) * 2021-06-11 2021-09-10 郑州大学 Forest derived air electrode material and preparation method and application thereof
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CN114792813A (en) * 2022-04-27 2022-07-26 电子科技大学 Preparation of carbon-free self-supporting anode membrane material of lithium-carbon dioxide battery and battery

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Cited By (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113161560A (en) * 2021-03-05 2021-07-23 南京航空航天大学 Application of copper-carbon catalyst in lithium-carbon dioxide battery
CN113161560B (en) * 2021-03-05 2022-06-10 南京航空航天大学 Application of copper-carbon catalyst in lithium-carbon dioxide battery
CN113381031A (en) * 2021-06-11 2021-09-10 郑州大学 Forest derived air electrode material and preparation method and application thereof
CN114649116A (en) * 2022-04-02 2022-06-21 合肥工业大学 Preparation method of MXene/MOFs electrode material and preparation method and application of electrochemical driver of MXene/MOFs electrode material
CN114649116B (en) * 2022-04-02 2024-01-12 合肥工业大学 Preparation method of electrode material, preparation method of electrochemical driver and application
CN114784292A (en) * 2022-04-12 2022-07-22 西安交通大学 Lithium-carbon dioxide battery positive electrode material and preparation method thereof
CN114792813A (en) * 2022-04-27 2022-07-26 电子科技大学 Preparation of carbon-free self-supporting anode membrane material of lithium-carbon dioxide battery and battery

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