CN109828457B - Time lag compensation control method of tunnel ventilation system - Google Patents
Time lag compensation control method of tunnel ventilation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a time lag compensation control method of a tunnel ventilation system, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: s1: establishing a time-lag compensation transfer function of a tunnel ventilation control system; s2: collecting ventilation parameters of a ventilation system of a target tunnel; s3: substituting the ventilation parameters into the time lag compensation transfer function to obtain the ratio of the gas pressure in the target tunnel with time lag compensation to the fan frequency in the target tunnel; s4: and controlling the working frequency of the fan according to the ratio of the gas pressure in the target tunnel with the time lag compensation to the fan frequency in the target tunnel. According to the invention, the real-time lag time of the tunnel ventilation system is calculated, so that the working frequency of the fan in the tunnel is adjusted in advance, and the problem of time lag which cannot be solved in the traditional tunnel ventilation control system is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel ventilation, in particular to a time lag compensation control method of a tunnel ventilation system.
Background
The ventilation equipment is used for forcibly sending fresh air into the tunnel for tunnel ventilation, diluting pollutants and discharging the pollutants out of the tunnel, so that a good sanitary environment is kept in the tunnel, the visibility is improved, and the driving safety is ensured. The longitudinal ventilation control system of the tunnel has the characteristics of inertia and large time lag, which is a conclusion determined by both extensive scientific research personnel and operation managers. In the tunnel ventilation control, a large number of delay hysteresis links are commonly existed in the controlled process of the tunnel ventilation. Due to the existence of the tunnel ventilation time-delay link, the control system cannot respond in time when the tunnel ventilation system is interfered by the outside, and the time-delay link can cause the control system not to be adjusted by the controller in real time. Due to the existence of the tunnel ventilation time-delay link, the overshoot and the attenuation rate of the tunnel ventilation control system are increased, and the steady-state error and the accuracy of the system are reduced, so that the system is difficult to work in an optimal control state and cannot reach a set system control target.
Therefore, a method for precisely controlling ventilation of a tunnel, which compensates for a delay lag of a ventilation control system of the tunnel, is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a time lag compensation control method for a tunnel ventilation system, which compensates a delay lag link of the tunnel ventilation control system.
The invention provides a time lag compensation control method of a tunnel ventilation system, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: establishing a time lag compensation transfer function of a tunnel ventilation control system, wherein the time lag compensation transfer function is calculated by the following method:
wherein G (S) represents the skew-compensated transfer function of the tunnel ventilation control system, kfRepresenting the frequency coefficient of a tunnel ventilation fan, A representing the cross section area of the tunnel, rho representing the air density in the tunnel, and P0Indicating the air pressure in the tunnel before the fan frequency is adjusted, R indicating the ventilation resistance of the tunnel, V indicating the clearance volume of the tunnel, R0Denotes the gas constant, T0Representing the absolute temperature of the gas in the tunnel, S representing a complex variable in the complex frequency domain, τ representing the lag time;
s2: collecting ventilation parameters of a ventilation system of a target tunnel;
s3: substituting the ventilation parameters into the time lag compensation transfer function to obtain the ratio of the gas pressure in the target tunnel with time lag compensation to the fan frequency in the target tunnel;
s4: and controlling the working frequency of the fan according to the ratio of the gas pressure in the target tunnel with the time lag compensation to the fan frequency in the target tunnel.
Further, the tunnel ventilation resistance R is calculated by the following method:
wherein R represents the ventilation resistance of the tunnel, lambda represents the on-way resistance coefficient, d represents the equivalent diameter of the section of the tunnel,
the local loss coefficient at the entrance of the tunnel,
and the local loss coefficient at the tunnel outlet, rho, represents the air density in the tunnel and the area of the section of the tunnel A.
Further, the lag time τ is calculated by the following method:
wherein v is0Indicating the initial velocity, v, of the flow field in the tunnel∞Representing that the speed of the flow field fan in the tunnel reaches the steady state again after being regulated, wherein a and b are intermediate variables;
when average speed v of tunnelvAbove the ventilation speed v inside the tunnel,
the intermediate variable a is calculated by adopting the following method:
wherein K represents the vehicle number in the tunnel, L represents the tunnel length, AvmTo representEquivalent impedance area of vehicle in tunnel, AtDenotes the area of the cross section of the tunnel, λ denotes the coefficient of on-way resistance of the tunnel, deThe equivalent diameter of the tunnel section is shown,
the local loss coefficient at the entrance of the tunnel,
local loss coefficient at tunnel exit, ρ represents air density in tunnel, AtThe cross-sectional area of the tunnel is shown,
wherein N isjIndicates the total number of jet fans in the tunnel, KjDenotes the coefficient of boost, A, of the jet fanfRepresenting the area of the cross-section of the outlet of the jet fan, vjRepresenting the speed of the jet fan outlet, K representing the vehicle number in the tunnel, L representing the tunnel length, AvmRepresenting the equivalent impedance area, v, of the vehicle in the tunnelvRepresents the average vehicle speed in the tunnel, AtRepresenting the cross section area of the tunnel;
when average speed v of tunnelvLess than the ventilation speed v inside the tunnel,
the intermediate variable a is calculated by adopting the following method:
k denotes the number of vehicles in the tunnel, L denotes the length of the tunnel, AvmRepresenting the equivalent impedance area of the vehicle in the tunnel, AtDenotes the area of the cross section of the tunnel, λ denotes the coefficient of on-way resistance of the tunnel, deThe equivalent diameter of the tunnel section is shown,
the local loss coefficient at the entrance of the tunnel,
local loss coefficient at tunnel exit, AtThe cross-sectional area of the tunnel is shown,
Njindicates the total number of jet fans in the tunnel, KjDenotes the coefficient of boost, A, of the jet fanfRepresenting the area of the cross-section of the outlet of the jet fan, vjRepresenting the speed of the jet fan outlet, K representing the vehicle number in the tunnel, L representing the tunnel length, AvmRepresenting the equivalent impedance area, v, of the vehicle in the tunnelvRepresents the average vehicle speed in the tunnel, AtRepresenting the cross section area of the tunnel;
when average speed v of tunnelvEqual to the ventilation speed v inside the tunnel,
the intermediate variable a is calculated by adopting the following method:
wherein K represents the vehicle number in the tunnel, L represents the tunnel length, AtDenotes the area of the cross section of the tunnel, λ denotes the coefficient of on-way resistance of the tunnel, deThe equivalent diameter of the tunnel section is shown,
the local loss coefficient at the entrance of the tunnel,
local loss coefficient at tunnel exit, ρ represents air density in tunnel, AtThe cross-sectional area of the tunnel is shown,
Njrepresenting tunnelsTotal number of internal jet fans, KjDenotes the coefficient of boost, A, of the jet fanfRepresenting the area of the cross-section of the outlet of the jet fan, vjRepresenting the speed of the jet fan outlet, K representing the vehicle number in the tunnel, L representing the tunnel length, AtThe tunnel cross-sectional area is shown.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the time-lag compensation transfer function of the tunnel ventilation control system is established, and the real-time lag time of the tunnel ventilation system is obtained through calculation, so that the working frequency of the fan in the tunnel is adjusted in advance, the problem of time lag which cannot be solved in the traditional tunnel ventilation control system is solved, and the beneficial effects that the air pollution degree and the visual visibility in the tunnel are ensured within the allowable range of national standard regulations with minimum energy consumption are realized.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a time lag compensation control method of a tunnel ventilation system, which compensates a delay lag link of the tunnel ventilation control system.
The invention provides a time lag compensation control method of a tunnel ventilation system, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: establishing a time lag compensation transfer function of a tunnel ventilation control system, wherein the time lag compensation transfer function is calculated by the following method:
wherein G (S) represents the skew-compensated transfer function of the tunnel ventilation control system, kfRepresenting the frequency coefficient of a tunnel ventilation fan, A representing the cross section area of the tunnel, rho representing the air density in the tunnel, and P0Indicating the air pressure in the tunnel before the fan frequency is adjusted, R indicating the ventilation resistance of the tunnel, V indicating the clearance volume of the tunnel, R0Denotes the gas constant, T0The absolute temperature of gas in the tunnel is represented, S represents a complex variable in a complex frequency domain, wherein S represents a complex domain S obtained after time domain t is subjected to Laplace transform, and tau represents lag time;
s2: collecting ventilation parameters of a ventilation system of a target tunnel;
s3: substituting the ventilation parameters into the time lag compensation transfer function to obtain the ratio of the gas pressure in the target tunnel with time lag compensation to the fan frequency in the target tunnel;
s4: and controlling the working frequency of the fan according to the ratio of the gas pressure in the target tunnel with the time lag compensation to the fan frequency in the target tunnel.
In this embodiment, the ratio of the air pressure in the target tunnel with the time lag compensation to the fan frequency in the target tunnel is input into a tunnel ventilation control system, the tunnel ventilation system uses an existing single chip microcomputer or a master controller, a PLC control system is selected in this embodiment, a correspondence table between the ratio of the air pressure in the tunnel with the time lag compensation to the fan frequency in the target tunnel and the fan operating frequency is pre-stored in the PLC control system, the PLC control system calculates the ratio of the air pressure in the tunnel with the time lag compensation to the fan frequency in the target tunnel through a transfer function, then finds out the operating frequency corresponding to the ratio according to the correspondence table, and outputs a control signal by a controller to control a frequency converter to adjust the fan operating frequency in the tunnel.
Pollutants in the tunnel mainly come from tail gas discharged by automobiles, and main pollutants in the tail gas of the automobiles are carbon monoxide and smog. The method is mainly used for diluting the concentration of carbon monoxide in the tunnel to a safe level which is not harmful to human health. The visibility in the tunnel is reduced due to smoke particles, the driving visual field is influenced, and the driving safety is directly related. The natural wind flow caused when the vehicle enters the tunnel can take away a part of the tail gas. Under the condition that the traffic flow is not high in pollution degree, the air quality in the tunnel can be maintained within a safe range through the air flow caused by the movement of the vehicle, but along with the increase of the traffic flow, the speed of the vehicle is reduced, the exhaust emission amount is increased rapidly, at the moment, the exhaust emitted by the vehicle is difficult to dispatch through the air flow caused by the movement of the vehicle, and in this case, ventilation must be carried out through a tunnel ventilation system. Therefore, the purpose of the tunnel ventilation control system is to ensure that the air pollution level and the visual visibility in the tunnel are within the allowable range of national standard regulations with minimum energy consumption. However, the tunnel ventilation has strong hysteresis, and in order to ensure that the air quality in the tunnel reaches the regulations of the national standard, the working frequency of the fan needs to be reduced after the air quality is improved in advance by a tunnel ventilation control system.
According to the invention, the time-lag compensation transfer function of the tunnel ventilation control system is established, and the real-time lag time of the tunnel ventilation system is obtained through calculation, so that the working frequency of the fan in the tunnel is adjusted in advance, the problem of time lag which cannot be solved in the traditional tunnel ventilation control system is solved, and the beneficial effects that the air pollution degree and the visual visibility in the tunnel are ensured within the allowable range of national standard regulations with minimum energy consumption are realized.
In this embodiment, the tunnel ventilation resistance R is calculated by the following method:
wherein R represents the ventilation resistance of the tunnel, lambda represents the on-way resistance coefficient, d represents the equivalent diameter of the section of the tunnel,
the local loss coefficient at the entrance of the tunnel,
and the local loss coefficient at the tunnel outlet, rho, represents the air density in the tunnel and the area of the section of the tunnel A.
In this embodiment, the lag time τ is calculated by the following method:
wherein v is0Indicating the initial velocity, v, of the flow field in the tunnel∞Representing that the speed of the flow field fan in the tunnel reaches the steady state again after being regulated, wherein a and b are intermediate variables;
when average speed v of tunnelvAbove the ventilation speed v inside the tunnel,
the intermediate variable a is calculated by adopting the following method:
wherein K represents the vehicle number in the tunnel, L represents the tunnel length, AvmRepresenting the equivalent impedance area of the vehicle in the tunnel, AtDenotes the area of the cross section of the tunnel, λ denotes the coefficient of on-way resistance of the tunnel, deThe equivalent diameter of the tunnel section is shown,
the local loss coefficient at the entrance of the tunnel,
local loss coefficient at tunnel exit, ρ represents air density in tunnel, AtThe cross-sectional area of the tunnel is shown,
wherein N isjIndicates the total number of jet fans in the tunnel, KjDenotes the coefficient of boost, A, of the jet fanfRepresenting the area of the cross-section of the outlet of the jet fan, vjRepresenting the speed of the jet fan outlet, K representing the vehicle number in the tunnel, L representing the tunnel length, AvmRepresenting the equivalent impedance area, v, of the vehicle in the tunnelvRepresents the average vehicle speed in the tunnel, AtRepresenting the cross section area of the tunnel;
when average speed v of tunnelvLess than the ventilation speed v inside the tunnel,
the intermediate variable a is calculated by adopting the following method:
k denotes the number of vehicles in the tunnel, L denotes the length of the tunnel, AvmRepresenting the equivalent impedance area of the vehicle in the tunnel, AtDenotes the area of the cross section of the tunnel, λ denotes the coefficient of on-way resistance of the tunnel, deThe equivalent diameter of the tunnel section is shown,
the local loss coefficient at the entrance of the tunnel,
local loss coefficient at tunnel exit, AtThe cross-sectional area of the tunnel is shown,
Njindicates the total number of jet fans in the tunnel, KjDenotes the coefficient of boost, A, of the jet fanfRepresenting the area of the cross-section of the outlet of the jet fan, vjRepresenting the speed of the jet fan outlet, K representing the vehicle number in the tunnel, L representing the tunnel length, AvmRepresenting the equivalent impedance area, v, of the vehicle in the tunnelvRepresents the average vehicle speed in the tunnel, AtRepresenting the cross section area of the tunnel;
when average speed v of tunnelvEqual to the ventilation speed v inside the tunnel,
the intermediate variable a is calculated by adopting the following method:
wherein K represents the vehicle number in the tunnel, L represents the tunnel length, AtDenotes the area of the cross section of the tunnel, λ denotes the coefficient of on-way resistance of the tunnel, deThe equivalent diameter of the tunnel section is shown,
tunnel entrance bureauThe coefficient of partial loss is determined by the coefficient of partial loss,
local loss coefficient at tunnel exit, ρ represents air density in tunnel, AtThe cross-sectional area of the tunnel is shown,
Njindicates the total number of jet fans in the tunnel, KjDenotes the coefficient of boost, A, of the jet fanfRepresenting the area of the cross-section of the outlet of the jet fan, vjRepresenting the speed of the jet fan outlet, K representing the vehicle number in the tunnel, L representing the tunnel length, AtThe tunnel cross-sectional area is shown.
The control accuracy of the tunnel ventilation control system can be effectively improved by accurately calculating the lag time, so that the air quality in the tunnel is guaranteed to meet the relevant regulations of the national standard on the basis of saving energy and reducing the operation cost.
In this embodiment, the tunnel ventilation control system is a PLC control system. And the PLC control system controls the working frequency of the fan in the tunnel through the frequency converter. Of course, the PLC control system adopts the existing PLC control system, and the frequency converter adopts the existing frequency converter.
The ventilation coefficient of the target tunnel comprises a target tunnel clearance volume V and a gas constant R0Absolute temperature T of gas in target tunnel0Before the frequency of the ventilation fan of the target tunnel is adjusted, the air pressure P in the target tunnel0Target tunnel ventilation resistance R and target tunnel ventilation fan frequency coefficient kfThe area A of the section of the target tunnel, the air density rho in the target tunnel and the total number N of jet fans in the tunneljSupercharging coefficient K of jet fanjArea A of the cross section of the outlet of the jet fanfVelocity v of the jet fan outletjThe serial numbers K and L of the vehicles in the tunnel represent the length of the tunnel and the equivalent impedance area A of the vehicles in the tunnelvmRepresents the average vehicle speed v in the tunnelvTunnel breakArea of surface At。
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A time lag compensation control method of a tunnel ventilation system is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: establishing a time lag compensation transfer function of a tunnel ventilation control system, wherein the time lag compensation transfer function is calculated by the following method:
wherein G (S) represents the skew-compensated transfer function of the tunnel ventilation control system, kfRepresenting the frequency coefficient of a tunnel ventilation fan, A representing the cross section area of the tunnel, rho representing the air density in the tunnel, and P0Indicating the air pressure in the tunnel before the fan frequency is adjusted, R indicating the ventilation resistance of the tunnel, V indicating the clearance volume of the tunnel, R0Denotes the gas constant, T0Representing the absolute temperature of the gas in the tunnel, S representing a complex variable in the complex frequency domain, τ representing the lag time;
s2: collecting ventilation parameters of a ventilation system of a target tunnel;
s3: substituting the ventilation parameters into the time lag compensation transfer function to obtain the ratio of the gas pressure in the target tunnel with time lag compensation to the fan frequency in the target tunnel;
s4: and controlling the working frequency of the fan according to the ratio of the gas pressure in the target tunnel with the time lag compensation to the fan frequency in the target tunnel.
2. The time lag compensation control method of a tunnel ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein: the tunnel ventilation resistance R is calculated by adopting the following method:
wherein R represents the ventilation resistance of the tunnel, lambda represents the on-way resistance coefficient, d represents the equivalent diameter of the section of the tunnel,
the local loss coefficient at the entrance of the tunnel,
and the local loss coefficient at the tunnel outlet, rho, represents the air density in the tunnel and the area of the section of the tunnel A.
3. The time lag compensation control method of a tunnel ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein: the lag time tau is calculated by adopting the following method:
wherein v is0Indicating the initial velocity, v, of the flow field in the tunnel∞Representing that the speed of the flow field fan in the tunnel reaches the steady state again after being regulated, wherein a and b are intermediate variables;
when average speed v of tunnelvAbove the ventilation speed v inside the tunnel,
the intermediate variable a is calculated by adopting the following method:
wherein K represents the vehicle number in the tunnel, L represents the tunnel length, AvmRepresenting equivalent impedance surfaces of vehicles in tunnelsProduct of qi, AtDenotes the area of the cross section of the tunnel, λ denotes the coefficient of on-way resistance of the tunnel, deThe equivalent diameter of the tunnel section is shown,
the local loss coefficient at the entrance of the tunnel,
local loss coefficient at tunnel exit, ρ represents air density in tunnel, AtThe cross-sectional area of the tunnel is shown,
wherein N isjIndicates the total number of jet fans in the tunnel, KjDenotes the coefficient of boost, A, of the jet fanfRepresenting the area of the cross-section of the outlet of the jet fan, vjRepresenting the speed of the jet fan outlet, K representing the vehicle number in the tunnel, L representing the tunnel length, AvmRepresenting the equivalent impedance area, v, of the vehicle in the tunnelvRepresents the average vehicle speed in the tunnel, AtRepresenting the cross section area of the tunnel;
when average speed v of tunnelvLess than the ventilation speed v inside the tunnel,
the intermediate variable a is calculated by adopting the following method:
k denotes the number of vehicles in the tunnel, L denotes the length of the tunnel, AvmRepresenting the equivalent impedance area of the vehicle in the tunnel, AtDenotes the area of the cross section of the tunnel, λ denotes the coefficient of on-way resistance of the tunnel, deThe equivalent diameter of the tunnel section is shown,
the local loss coefficient at the entrance of the tunnel,
local loss coefficient at tunnel exit, AtThe cross-sectional area of the tunnel is shown,
Njindicates the total number of jet fans in the tunnel, KjDenotes the coefficient of boost, A, of the jet fanfRepresenting the area of the cross-section of the outlet of the jet fan, vjRepresenting the speed of the jet fan outlet, K representing the vehicle number in the tunnel, L representing the tunnel length, AvmRepresenting the equivalent impedance area, v, of the vehicle in the tunnelvRepresents the average vehicle speed in the tunnel, AtRepresenting the cross section area of the tunnel;
when average speed v of tunnelvEqual to the ventilation speed v inside the tunnel,
the intermediate variable a is calculated by adopting the following method:
wherein K represents the vehicle number in the tunnel, L represents the tunnel length, AtDenotes the area of the cross section of the tunnel, λ denotes the coefficient of on-way resistance of the tunnel, deThe equivalent diameter of the tunnel section is shown,
the local loss coefficient at the entrance of the tunnel,
local loss coefficient at tunnel exit, ρ represents air density in tunnel, AtThe cross-sectional area of the tunnel is shown,
Njindicates the total number of jet fans in the tunnel, KjDenotes the coefficient of boost, A, of the jet fanfRepresenting the area of the cross-section of the outlet of the jet fan, vjRepresenting the speed of the jet fan outlet, K representing the vehicle number in the tunnel, L representing the tunnel length, AtThe tunnel cross-sectional area is shown.
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