CN109825702B - Method for enriching and recovering gold from polythionate-dipped gold pregnant solution by using activated carbon - Google Patents
Method for enriching and recovering gold from polythionate-dipped gold pregnant solution by using activated carbon Download PDFInfo
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- CN109825702B CN109825702B CN201910312254.XA CN201910312254A CN109825702B CN 109825702 B CN109825702 B CN 109825702B CN 201910312254 A CN201910312254 A CN 201910312254A CN 109825702 B CN109825702 B CN 109825702B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for enriching and recovering gold from polythionate leached gold pregnant solution by using activated carbon, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, pretreating activated carbon, and adsorbing the polythionate leaching gold pregnant solution by using the pretreated activated carbon to realize enrichment of gold in the leaching gold pregnant solution; the method for pretreating the activated carbon comprises the following steps: soaking activated carbon in a mixed solution of ammonia water and one or two of potassium ferricyanide solution and potassium ferrocyanide solution, taking out, washing with water, and drying to obtain the pretreated activated carbon. According to the invention, the activated carbon is pretreated and then adsorbed, so that on one hand, the adsorption rate of the activated carbon is greatly improved under the condition of no need of adding cyanide; on the other hand, compared with the enrichment method which needs adding cyanide for re-adsorption, the gold leaching liquor can be recycled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to enrichment and recovery of gold in leached pregnant solution, in particular to a method for enriching and recovering gold from polythionate leached pregnant solution by using activated carbon.
Background
The smelting of gold is mainly divided into three sections: dissolving gold from ore into solution to obtain pregnant solution; gold is enriched and recovered from the pregnant solution; and purifying the gold mud, and casting ingots to obtain the alloy gold. Cyaniding gold leaching has been a great development over 100 years, and has dominated the gold industry. The cyaniding gold leaching process is simple and has good adaptability, but is harmful to the ecological environment due to the high toxicity. Therefore, there are over ten non-cyanide gold leaching agents reported by the scientists in the effort of developing low-toxicity and non-cyanide gold leaching processes, and the main processes can be divided into two main types of acid leaching and alkaline leaching: 1) extracting gold in an acidic medium, such as a thiourea method, a water chlorination method, a bromination method, an iodination method, a thiocyanate method and the like; 2) gold extraction in alkaline medium, such as polysulfide process, thiosulfate process, lime-sulfur process (LSSS); in addition, other non-cyanide gold leaching agents such as amino acids, cyanide-like compounds, humic acids, etc. are also available. Examples of the cyanide-like compound include malononitrile, bromocyanide, thiocyanide, and calcium amino acid.
At present, the low-toxicity gold leaching agent sold as a commodity in China almost contains cyanate or cyanate polymer, cyanide can be dissociated in the use process, and a large amount of cyanide can be detected according to the current cyanide detection standard. The cyanide-free reagents of real industrial application (tests) are thiosulphuric acid and thiourea, but the economics are to be improved further.
The properties of carbon to adsorb, separate and purify certain substances from gas and liquid phases have been recognized in ancient times and applied in the fields of life and production. The characteristic of carbon that adsorbs noble metals from solution was proposed in 1848 by M.Lazowski (Lazowski). In 1880, w.n.davis successfully adsorbed and recovered gold from a solution of chloridized leached gold using charcoal, and patented. In 1894, w.d. johnston used a filter filled with activated carbon, and gold and silver were extracted from a clarified solution of potassium cyanide leached gold by passing through the filter, and then the activated carbon was melted and recovered. In 1934, chapman added activated carbon directly to cyaniding leach pulp successfully adsorbed and recovered gold, which was the first step in the development of the carbon pulp process. This "carbon pulp" was used in the mine of gotel, nevada, usa in the 40's of the 20 th century and, although successful in the adsorptive recovery of gold from pulp, the whole process proved uneconomical. Since the gold recovery therefrom necessitates burning and melting of these gold-loaded charcoals. In 1950, j.b.zadra used a mixture of sodium sulfide and sodium hydroxide to successfully desorb gold from gold-loaded carbon, but this method was not suitable for recovering gold from gold-loaded carbon. Until 1952, zadla and the like do not research into a sodium cyanide and sodium hydroxide mixed solution which is hot in function to simultaneously desorb gold and silver from gold-loaded carbon, thereby laying the foundation of a modern carbon pulp method.
The core of the gold extraction process by the carbon slurry method or the carbon leaching method is the adsorption of the activated carbon on gold in cyanide solution. The quality of the gold adsorption performance of the activated carbon directly influences the recovery rate of the gold by the process. After the application of the cyanidation method is popularized, the carbon slurry method is widely applied to the recovery of gold. However, it is well known to those skilled in the art that activated carbon cannot selectively adsorb [ Au (S) in ammoniacal thiosulfate pregnant solution2O3)2]3-. In order to overcome the defect of activated carbon pair [ Au (S) ]2O3)2]3-The prior art realizes the selective recovery of gold from thiosulfate pregnant solution by adding a small amount of cyanide (the addition of the cyanide is usually 2-4 times of the concentration of gold in the system) to generate a stable gold-cyanide complex, and then quantitatively adsorbing the stable gold-cyanide complex on activated carbon, thereby realizing the selective recovery of gold from thiosulfate pregnant solution (Mengqi, Zygen, Tongxong, etc., the current research situation of recovering gold from thiosulfate gold leaching solution, volume 22, period 4, 2013, month 12). That is, the existing leaching pregnant solution using thiosulfate and polythionate (containing 4-6 dithionate, as disclosed in the invention patent with the publication number of CN106893861A previously applied by the applicant) as the gold leaching agent needs to add cyanide into the gold leaching pregnant solution, otherwise, the gold is difficult to be recovered by enrichment using the traditional activated carbon adsorption process. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for enriching gold by using traditional activated carbon in gold leaching pregnant solution without cyanide leaching without adding cyanide.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that cyanide needs to be added into gold leaching pregnant solution when the traditional activated carbon adsorption process is used for enriching and recovering gold in the existing gold leaching pregnant solution taking polythionate as a gold leaching agent, and provides a method for enriching and recovering gold from polythionate gold leaching pregnant solution by using activated carbon without adding cyanide during adsorption.
In order to solve the technical problem, the method for enriching and recovering gold from the polythionate leaching gold pregnant solution by using activated carbon comprises the following steps: firstly, pretreating activated carbon, and adsorbing the polythionate leaching gold pregnant solution by using the pretreated activated carbon to realize enrichment of gold in the leaching gold pregnant solution; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the method for pretreating the activated carbon comprises the following steps: soaking activated carbon in a mixed solution of ammonia water and one or two of potassium ferricyanide solution and potassium ferrocyanide solution, taking out, washing with water, and drying to obtain the pretreated activated carbon.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the activated carbon to be pretreated is the conventional activated carbon for adsorbing gold from gold leaching pregnant solution, such as coconut shell activated carbon, apricot shell activated carbon, wood columnar activated carbon and the like.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the concentration of the ammonia water is more than or equal to 5 percent (the concentration of the ammonia water in the application refers to NH)3Content), the concentration of ammonia water is preferably 15 to 30%.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the potassium ferricyanide solution is an aqueous solution of potassium ferricyanide, and the potassium ferrocyanide solution is an aqueous solution of potassium ferrocyanide. The concentration of the potassium ferricyanide solution for soaking the activated carbon is more than or equal to 10w/w%, and a saturated potassium ferricyanide solution is preferably adopted; the concentration of the potassium ferrocyanide solution is more than or equal to 10w/w percent, and a saturated potassium ferrocyanide solution is preferably adopted.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the soaking time is more than or equal to 30min, and preferably 1-10 h. During soaking, the activated carbon is completely immersed in a mixed solution of ammonia water and one or two of potassium ferricyanide solution and potassium ferrocyanide solution.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the using amount of water for cleaning the soaked activated carbon is usually 8-20 times of the weight of the raw material activated carbon.
In the technical scheme of the invention, when the pretreated activated carbon is used for adsorbing gold leaching pregnant solution, the consumption of the pretreated activated carbon is the same as that of the conventional activated carbon adsorption method, and is usually 20 g/L.
Compared with the prior art, the method firstly pretreats the activated carbon and then adsorbs the gold leaching pregnant solution, and on one hand, the method effectively improves the gold leaching pregnant solution [ Au (S) of the activated carbon to polythionate under the condition of not adding cyanidexO6)2]3-The loading capacity and the affinity of (6 is more than or equal to x and more than or equal to 3) greatly improve the adsorption rate of the activated carbon; on the other hand, compared with the enrichment method which needs adding cyanide for re-adsorption, the gold leaching liquor (namely the liquor after separating the pretreated activated carbon) can be recycled.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be better understood from the following detailed description of specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
50g of activated carbon (coconut shell activated carbon) is placed in a mixed solution consisting of 50mL of 15% ammonia water and 100mL of saturated potassium ferricyanide solution for soaking for 8h, taken out, the activated carbon is placed in a beaker, 200mL of water is added for washing, the washing is repeated for 3 times, the filtering is carried out, and the activated carbon is placed in a drying oven (102 ℃) for drying to obtain the pretreated activated carbon.
Taking the pretreated activated carbon, respectively carrying out a sodium polythionate gold leaching pregnant solution experiment with the gold adsorption concentration of 2.00ppm, simultaneously carrying out a control experiment by using untreated activated carbon (namely raw material), carrying out an adsorption experiment by using untreated activated carbon (namely raw material) under the condition of adding cyanide, totally setting 3 treatments, wherein the consumption of the activated carbon in each treatment is 20g/L, the adsorption time is 4h, and then measuring the gold concentration and the cyanide concentration in each gold leaching pregnant solution, wherein the specific treatment and results are as follows:
treatment 1: the activated carbon used was the pretreated activated carbon prepared in example 1. After adsorption, cyanide is not detected in the sodium polythionate gold leaching pregnant solution, wherein the gold concentration is 0.68ppm, and the adsorption rate is 66 percent by calculation.
And (3) treatment 2: the activated carbon used was the raw activated carbon used in example 1. After adsorption, cyanide is not detected in the sodium polythionate gold leaching pregnant solution, wherein the gold concentration is 1.78ppm, and the adsorption rate is 11 percent by calculation.
And (3) treatment: the activated carbon used was the raw material activated carbon used in example 1, and sodium cyanide was added before adsorption so that the sodium cyanide concentration in the gold-leaching pregnant solution was 4 ppm. After adsorption, the gold concentration in the sodium polythionate gold leaching pregnant solution is 0.05ppm, and the adsorption rate is 97 percent by calculation; the cyanide concentration was 0.8 ppm.
Example 2
50g of activated carbon (coconut shell activated carbon) is taken and placed in a mixed solution consisting of 50mL of 5% ammonia water and 80mL of 10w/w% potassium ferricyanide solution for soaking for 8h, the mixture is taken out, the activated carbon is placed in a beaker, 200mL of water is added for washing, the washing is repeated for 3 times, the filtering is carried out, and the activated carbon is placed in an oven (75 ℃) for drying to obtain the pretreated activated carbon.
Taking the pretreated activated carbon to respectively perform a sodium polythionate gold leaching pregnant solution experiment with gold adsorption concentration of 2.00ppm, wherein the using amount of the activated carbon is 20g/L, the adsorption time is 4h, and then determining the gold concentration and cyanide concentration in each gold leaching pregnant solution, and the results show that: the gold concentration in the gold leaching pregnant solution of sodium polythionate is reduced to 1.22ppm (the adsorption rate is 39 percent), and no cyanide is detected.
Example 3
50g of activated carbon (apricot shell activated carbon) is taken and placed in a mixed solution of 50mL of 10% ammonia water and 100mL of 15 w/w% potassium ferrocyanide, the mixture is soaked for 2 hours, the mixture is taken out, the activated carbon is placed in a beaker, 200mL of water is added for washing, the washing is repeated for 3 times, the filtering is carried out, and the activated carbon is placed in an oven (75 ℃) for drying, so that the pretreated activated carbon is obtained.
Taking the pretreated activated carbon to respectively perform a sodium polythionate gold leaching pregnant solution experiment with gold adsorption concentration of 2.00ppm, wherein the using amount of the activated carbon is 20g/L, the adsorption time is 4h, and then determining the gold concentration and cyanide concentration in each gold leaching pregnant solution, and the results show that: the gold concentration in the gold leaching pregnant solution of sodium polythionate is reduced to 1.14ppm (adsorption rate is 43 percent), and no cyanide is detected.
Example 4
Soaking 50g of activated carbon (apricot shell activated carbon) in a saturated solution of 28% ammonia water and potassium ferrocyanide in 50mL for 1h, taking out, placing the activated carbon in a beaker, adding 100mL of water for washing, repeatedly washing for 3 times, filtering, and placing in an oven (75 ℃) for drying to obtain the pretreated activated carbon.
Taking the pretreated activated carbon to respectively perform a sodium polythionate gold leaching pregnant solution experiment with gold adsorption concentration of 2.00ppm, wherein the using amount of the activated carbon is 20g/L, the adsorption time is 4h, and then determining the gold concentration and cyanide concentration in each gold leaching pregnant solution, and the results show that: the gold concentration in the gold leaching pregnant solution of sodium polythionate is reduced to 0.52ppm (adsorption rate is 74 percent), and no cyanide is detected.
Claims (7)
1. The method for enriching and recovering gold from the polythionate leached gold pregnant solution by using activated carbon is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, pretreating activated carbon, and adsorbing the polythionate leaching gold pregnant solution by using the pretreated activated carbon to realize enrichment of gold in the leaching gold pregnant solution; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the method for pretreating the activated carbon comprises the following steps: soaking activated carbon in a mixed solution of ammonia water and one or two of potassium ferricyanide solution and potassium ferrocyanide solution, taking out, washing with water, and drying to obtain pretreated activated carbon; wherein the concentration of the potassium ferricyanide solution is more than or equal to 10w/w percent, and the concentration of the potassium ferrocyanide solution is more than or equal to 10w/w percent.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the concentration of the ammonia water is more than or equal to 5 percent.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the concentration of the ammonia water is 15-28%.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the potassium ferricyanide solution is saturated potassium ferricyanide solution.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the potassium ferrocyanide solution is a saturated potassium ferrocyanide solution.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the soaking time is more than or equal to 30 min.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: the soaking time is 1-10 h.
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