CN109825308A - Negative liquid crystal compound and negative liquid crystal composition and application - Google Patents
Negative liquid crystal compound and negative liquid crystal composition and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to liquid-crystal compounds Material Field, be related to a kind of negative liquid crystal compound and negative liquid crystal composition and application, the chemical structural formula of negative liquid crystal compound as shown in general formula I,
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to liquid-crystal compounds Material Field, be related to a kind of negative liquid crystal compound and negative liquid crystal composition and
Using more particularly to a kind of negative dielectric anisotropic liquid-crystal composition and its application.
Background technique
Liquid crystal material is mainly used in the dielectric of liquid crystal display, this is because applied voltage can change this kind of object
The optical property of matter.Electrooptical devices based on liquid crystal are well-known to those skilled in the art.This kind of device is mainly used in
Liquid crystal cell, DPA (orientation mutually deforms) liquid crystal cell with dynamic scattering, guest/principal mode liquid crystal cell, the TN with twisted-nematic structure
Box, STN (super twisted nematic) liquid crystal cell, SBE (super birefringence effect) liquid crystal cell and OMI (light film concerns) liquid crystal cell.It is most common
Display be based on Schadt-Helfrich effect and have twisted-nematic structure.In addition, there is also for be parallel to substrate and
The liquid crystal cell of the electric field operation of liquid crystal surface, such as the novel coplanar switched liquid crystal of display pattern shows (IPS), FFS (Fringe
Field Switching, fringe field switching technique) liquid crystal cell, there are also optical compensation bending mode (OCB), vertical alignment modes
(VA), axial symmetry micro-structure liquid crystal display (ASM), multidomain twisted liquid crystal are shown.
The liquid crystal cell design of various display modes is different, driving method is different, liquid crystal molecule director and glass substrate side
To difference, optical compensation bending mode (OCB), coplanar switched liquid crystal show (IPS) liquid crystal director and glass substrate direction is
Parallel, and vertical alignment mode (VA), axial symmetry micro-structure liquid crystal display (ASM) liquid crystal molecule under no electric field status are directed toward
Resultant glass substrate direction is vertical.The IPS of parallel arrangement mode, the dielectric anisotropy of liquid crystal molecule can be it is positive, can also
To be negative；Vertical alignment mode (VA) all liquid crystal molecules are when no electric field applies and glass substrate direction is vertical, and vertical
Incident ray is parallel.When polarizing film is orthogonal, good dark-state can be shown, so such device has good contrast, use
The dielectric anisotropy of liquid crystal must be negative.Due in vertically oriented liquid-crystal composition, what dielectric anisotropy was negative
Liquid crystal molecule ratio (40%~80%) is to compare relative to the ratio (10%~60%) of positive liquid crystal molecules in positivity liquid crystal
It is high, which results in polarity monocrystalline ingredient is excessively high, and causes the charge conservation rate of VA device etc. and do not reach requirement, and the response time
It is relatively slow, then the liquid crystal monomer with higher dielectric anisotropy absolute value be exactly there is an urgent need to.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems in background technology, the present invention provides one kind to have compared with low viscosity, can
It realizes quick response, there is moderate dielectric anisotropy Δ ε simultaneously, is moderate optical anisotropy Δ n, high to light and heat
Stability negative liquid crystal compound and negative liquid crystal composition and application.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of negative liquid crystal compound, it is characterised in that: the chemical structural formula of the negative liquid crystal compound such as general formula I institute
Show:
Wherein:
The R1、R2It is independent for any one of the group of H, F, Cl, CN or 1.~3.；
1. the group is C1~C12Alkyl or alkoxy, C2~C12Alkenyl or alkenyloxy group；
2. the group is the-CH in the 1. group2By one or more-CH=CH- ,-C ≡ C- ,-COO- ,-
OOC-, cyclopropane, cyclobutane, pentamethylene ,-O- or-S- substitution, and formed after substituting in the form that oxygen atom is not connected directly
Group；
3. the group is the 1. group or 2. the hydrogen atom in group is replaced by one or more fluorine atoms, chlorine atom
After be formed by group；
Z1、Z2Independent is singly-bound or group-CH2CH2,-C ≡ C- ,-CH=CH- ,-O- ,-CF2-CF2-、-CF2-
CH2-、-CH2-CF2,-CF=CF- ,-CH2-、-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CF2O-、-CH2One in O-
Kind；
Y1、Y2Independent is-CH2Or singly-bound；
X1、X2Independent is O or CH2；
Ring A1, ring A2Independent is singly-bound or following group:
M, n is respectively 0,1,2, and m+n≤2；
Wherein, work as A1、A2、Z1、Z2When having multiple, A1、A2、Z1、Z2It is identical or different.
One kind being formed by negative liquid crystal composition based on negative liquid crystal compound as described above, it is characterised in that: institute
It includes one or more negative liquid crystal compounds as representated by general formula I and one or more by leading to for stating negative liquid crystal composition
Compound representated by Formula II；
The chemical structural formula of the general formula II is:
In the general formula II:
R3, R4Independent is C1~C8Alkyl or alkoxy, C2~C8Alkenyl or alkenyloxy group；R3, R4In one
Or multiple hydrogen atoms can be replaced by fluorine atoms；
A3、A4、A5、A6Independent is following group:
I, it is 0 or 1 that j, k are independent, and i+j+k >=1；
Z3、Z4、Z5Independent is singly-bound ,-CH2CH2,-CH=CH- ,-C ≡ C- ,-COO- ,-OOC- ,-CH2O-、-
OCH2-、-CF2O- ,-OCF2-；Wherein, the Z3、Z4、Z5In one or more hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine atoms.
Above-mentioned negative liquid crystal composition further includes one or more compounds as representated by general formula III；
The general formula III specifically:
In the general formula III, R5、R6Independent is C1~C7Alkyl or alkoxy, C2~C7Alkenyl or alkene oxygen
Base；The R5、R6In one or more hydrogen atoms can be replaced by fluorine atoms；
A7、A8、A9Independent is following group:
And the A7、A8、A9In at least one expression
P, q respectively indicate 0 or 1, and p+q >=1；
Z6、Z7It is independent to represent singly-bound ,-CH2CH2,-CH=CH- ,-C ≡ C- ,-COO- ,-OOC- ,-CH2O-、-
OCH2-、-CF2O- ,-OCF2-；Wherein, the Z6、Z7In one or more hydrogen atoms can be replaced by a fluorine atom.
It include following components in percentage by weight: chemical combination representated by 1~35% general formula I in above-mentioned negative liquid crystal composition
Compound representated by compound representated by object, 15~70% general formula II and 1~50% general formula III；Preferably, described negative
Property liquid-crystal composition in include following components in percentage by weight: it is compound representated by 1~35% general formula I, 20~70% logical
Compound representated by compound representated by Formula II and 5~45% general formula IIIs；It is further preferred that the negative liquid crystal group
Closing includes following components in percentage by weight: compound representated by 5~35% general formula I, II generation of 35~70% general formula in object
Compound representated by the compound of table and 5~40% general formula IIIs.
Above-mentioned negative liquid crystal composition further includes dopant, and the content of the dopant is negative liquid crystal composition total weight
0.01-1%；The dopant is antioxidant and ultraviolet absorbing agent；
Above-mentioned negative liquid crystal composition is preparing the application in liquid crystal display device material or electro-optical display material, especially
It is the application when preparing active matrix or passive matrix display element or display.
The invention has the advantages that
It is a kind of naphthalene nucleus and oxygen-containing the present invention provides a kind of negative liquid crystal compound and negative liquid crystal composition and application
The liquid-crystal compounds of heterocycle, a kind of liquid-crystal composition and comprising the liquid-crystal compounds, liquid-crystal composition liquid crystal display element or
Liquid crystal display, the liquid-crystal composition have lower viscosity, quick response may be implemented, at the same have moderate dielectric respectively to
Anisotropic Δ ε, moderate optical anisotropy Δ n, the high stability to light and heat.Liquid crystal display comprising the liquid-crystal composition
Element or liquid crystal display have wider nematic temperature range, suitable birefringence anisotropy, very high resistance
Rate, good anti-ultraviolet property, high charge retention rate, the especially liquid-crystal compounds, liquid-crystal composition have light transmittance
High advantage.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of negative liquid crystal compound, the chemistry knots of the negative liquid crystal compound negative liquid crystal compound
Structure formula is as shown in general formula I:
Wherein:
In general formula I, R1、R2It is independent for any one of the group of H, F, Cl, CN or 1.~3.；
1. group is C1~C12Alkyl or alkoxy, C2~C12Alkenyl or alkenyloxy group；
2. group is the-CH in 1. group2By one or more-CH=CH- ,-C ≡ C- ,-COO- ,-OOC-, cyclopropyl
Alkane, cyclobutane, pentamethylene ,-O- or-S- substitution, and the group formed after substituting in the form that oxygen atom is not connected directly；
3. group is formed after by 1. group or 2., the hydrogen atom in group is replaced by one or more fluorine atoms, chlorine atom
Group；
Z1、Z2Independent is singly-bound or group-CH2CH2,-C ≡ C- ,-CH=CH- ,-O- ,-CF2-CF2-、-CF2-
CH2-、-CH2-CF2,-CF=CF- ,-CH2-、-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CF2O-、-CH2One in O-
Kind；
Y1、Y2Independent is-CH2Or singly-bound；
X1、X2Independent is O or CH2；
Ring A1, ring A2Independent is singly-bound or following group:
M, n is respectively 0,1,2, and m+n≤2.
Wherein, work as A1、A2、Z1、Z2There are it is multiple when, can be identical or different；
The present invention is further preferred, and compound representated by general formula I is selected from one of I-a of formula, I-b or I-c or a variety of；
The present invention is further preferred, and general formula I is selected from Formulas I-a-1~Formulas I-a-19, Formulas I-b-1~Formulas I-b-37, Formulas I-c-1
One of~Formulas I-c-19, representative compound are a variety of:
In Formulas I-a-1~Formulas I-a-19, Formulas I-b-1~Formulas I-b-37, Formulas I-c-1~Formulas I-c-19, R1、R2It is respectively independent
It is C1~C9Alkyl or alkoxy, C2~C9Alkenyl or alkenyloxy group.
The present invention also provides one kind to be formed by negative liquid crystal composition based on negative liquid crystal compound as described above,
The negative liquid crystal composition includes one or more negative liquid crystal compounds as representated by general formula I and one or more by leading to
Compound representated by Formula II；
Wherein, the chemical structural formula of general formula II are as follows:
In general formula II, R3, R4Independent is C1~C8Alkyl or alkoxy, C2~C8Alkenyl or alkenyloxy group；Its
In, R3, R4In one or more hydrogen atoms can be replaced by fluorine atoms；
A3、A4、A5、A6Independent is following group:
I, it is 0 or 1 that j, k are independent, and i+j+k >=1；
Z3、Z4、Z5Independent is singly-bound ,-CH2CH2,-CH=CH- ,-C ≡ C- ,-COO- ,-OOC- ,-CH2O-、-
OCH2-、-CF2O- ,-OCF2-；Wherein, Z3、Z4、Z5In one or more hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine atoms.
Preferably, general formula II of the present invention is selected from one of compound representated by II -1~formula II -10 of formula
Or it is a variety of:
The L1、L2、L3It is independent to be represented as F or H.
On the basis of above-mentioned negative liquid crystal composition, which further includes one or more by general formula III
Representative compound；General formula III specifically:
In general formula III, R5、R6Independent is C1~C7Alkyl or alkoxy, C2~C7Alkenyl or alkenyloxy group；Its
In, R5、R6In one or more hydrogen atoms can be replaced by fluorine atoms；
A7、A8、A9Independent is following group:
And A7、A8、A9In at least one expression
P, q respectively indicate 0 or 1, and p+q >=1；
Z6、Z7It is independent to represent singly-bound ,-CH2CH2,-CH=CH- ,-C ≡ C- ,-COO- ,-OOC- ,-CH2O-、-
OCH2-、-CF2O- ,-OCF2-；Wherein, Z6、Z7In one or more hydrogen atoms can be replaced by a fluorine atom.
Preferably, compound representated by general formula III provided by the present invention preferably is selected from one of III -1~formula III -11
Or it is a variety of:
Negative liquid crystal composition provided by the present invention includes following components in percentage by weight: 1~35% general formula I institute
Compound representated by compound representated by the compound of representative, 1~70% general formula II and 1~50% general formula III；It is preferred that
Ground includes following components in percentage by weight in liquid-crystal composition: compound representated by 1~35% general formula I, 30~70% logical
Compound representated by compound representated by Formula II and 5~45% general formula IIIs；It is highly preferred that including in liquid-crystal composition
Following components in percentage by weight: compound representated by 5~35% general formula I, compound representated by 35~70% general formula II
And 5~40% compound representated by general formula III.
The present invention provides the synthetic method of compound representated by general formula I, usual manner synthesis can be used, it is preferred to use such as
Lower synthetic route, other similar structural compounds can also synthesize to obtain with such method.Such as the synthesis of I-a-1:
Such as the synthesis of I-c-1
Compound representated by general formula I provided by the invention is preparing liquid crystal compound, liquid crystal display device material or electricity
Application and the liquid crystal compound comprising Formulas I liquid-crystal compounds, liquid crystal display device material or electricity in optical display material
Optical display material, also belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
The other compositions of liquid-crystal composition of the invention, those skilled in the art can be according to professional knowledge and devices
Parameter request, after liquid-crystal compounds of the present invention is added, the performance that can meet composition significantly improves, and is embodied in group
Closing object has biggish polarity, low viscosity, response fast, has positive effect for the quick response of display device, is very suitable to
In the allotment of mixed liquid crystal.The present patent application protection above compound and compound are in VA, ECB, PALC, FFS or IPS mould simultaneously
Application in formula.
Liquid-crystal composition of the invention, in the dopants of various functions, the preferred 0.01- of dopant content can also be added
Between 1%, these dopants are mainly antioxidant, ultraviolet absorbing agent.
Antioxidant, ultraviolet absorbing agent are preferred:
The integral multiple of S expression 1-10.
The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..
In following embodiment, the preparation of liquid-crystal composition is all made of heat of solution method, comprising the following steps: uses balance
Precentagewise weigh liquid-crystal compounds, wherein weigh addition sequence without particular requirement, usually with liquid-crystal compounds fusing point by as low as
High sequence successively weighs mixing, antipyretic at 60~100 DEG C so that each component sufficiently dissolves, and using filter, revolving, finally seals
It fills up to target sample.
Unless otherwise indicated, percentage is weight percentage in the present invention；Temperature unit is DEG C；Δ n represent optics respectively to
Anisotropic (20 DEG C)；Vth represents threshold voltage, is the characteristic voltage (V, 25 DEG C) when relative permeability changes 10%, and RT is represented
Response time is that (ms, 25 DEG C) is measured under the conditions of same as threshold value；Tni represents the clearing point (DEG C) of liquid-crystal composition；
In following embodiment, unit structure code shown in table 1 is indicated in liquid-crystal compounds.
The group structure code of 1 liquid-crystal compounds of table
By taking following compound structure as an example:
It indicates are as follows: 3CCV.
It indicates are as follows: 3CPYO2.
It indicates are as follows: 3C2M3.
It indicates are as follows: 4CW1O2.
Embodiment 1
Embodiment 2
Embodiment 3
Embodiment 4
Embodiment 5
Embodiment 6
Embodiment 7
Embodiment 8
Comparative example 1:
The performance parameter and comparative example performance parameter of the liquid-crystal composition as shown in embodiment 1-8 can see, the present invention
Provided liquid-crystal compounds and its derivative have good intersolubility and great negative dielectric constant, can be greatly reduced
The usage amount of negativity monocrystalline, and then substituted with non-polar single crystalline, so as to improve its response time；For improving liquid-crystal compounds
Intersolubility reduces threshold value, and increase is birefringent to suffer from good effect, has important application value and application prospect, can
For in liquid crystal display device.
Although above having used general explanation, specific embodiment and test, the present invention is made to retouch in detail
It states, but on the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this is apparent to those skilled in the art
's.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to claimed
Range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of negative liquid crystal compound, it is characterised in that: the chemical structural formula of the negative liquid crystal compound such as general formula I institute
Show:
Wherein:
The R1、R2It is independent for any one of the group of H, F, Cl, CN or 1.~3.；
1. the group is C1~C12Alkyl or alkoxy, C2~C12Alkenyl or alkenyloxy group；
2. the group is the-CH in the 1. group2By one or more-CH=CH- ,-C ≡ C- ,-COO- ,-OOC-, ring
Propane, cyclobutane, pentamethylene ,-O- or-S- substitution, and the group formed after substituting in the form that oxygen atom is not connected directly；
3. group institute after the hydrogen atom in group is replaced by one or more fluorine atoms, chlorine atom for the 1. group or 2.
The group of formation；
Z1、Z2Independent is singly-bound or group-CH2CH2,-C ≡ C- ,-CH=CH- ,-O- ,-CF2-CF2-、-CF2-
CH2-、-CH2-CF2,-CF=CF- ,-CH2-、-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CF2O-、-CH2One in O-
Kind；
Y1、Y2Independent is-CH2Or singly-bound；
X1、X2Independent is O or CH2；
Ring A1, ring A2Independent is singly-bound or following group:
M, n is respectively 0,1,2, and m+n≤2；
Wherein, work as A1、A2、Z1、Z2When having multiple, A1、A2、Z1、Z2It is identical or different.
2. negative liquid crystal compound according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the choosing of compound representated by the general formula I
From one of I-a of formula, I-b or I-c or a variety of；
3. negative liquid crystal compound according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the general formula I is selected from Formulas I-a-1~Formulas I-
One of compound representated by a-19, Formulas I-b-1~Formulas I-b-37 and Formulas I-c-1~Formulas I-c-19 is a variety of:
The R1、R2Independent is C1~C9Alkyl or alkoxy, C2~C9Alkenyl or alkenyloxy group.
4. a kind of negative liquid crystal compound based on as described in claims 1 or 2 or 3 is formed by negative liquid crystal composition,
Be characterized in that: the negative liquid crystal composition includes one or more negative liquid crystal compounds and one as representated by general formula I
Kind or a variety of compounds as representated by general formula II；
The chemical structural formula of the general formula II is:
In the general formula II:
R3, R4Independent is C1~C8Alkyl or alkoxy, C2~C8Alkenyl or alkenyloxy group；R3, R4In one or more
A hydrogen atom can be replaced by fluorine atoms；
A3、A4、A5、A6Independent is following group:
I, it is 0 or 1 that j, k are independent, and i+j+k >=1；
Z3、Z4、Z5Independent is singly-bound ,-CH2CH2,-CH=CH- ,-C ≡ C- ,-COO- ,-OOC- ,-CH2O-、-
OCH2-、-CF2O- ,-OCF2-；Wherein, the Z3、Z4、Z5In one or more hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine atoms.
5. negative liquid crystal composition according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the general formula II is selected from II -1~formula of formula
One of compound representated by II -10 is a variety of:
The L1、L2、L3It is independent to be represented as F or H.
6. negative liquid crystal composition according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the negative liquid crystal composition further includes one
Kind or a variety of compounds as representated by general formula III；
The general formula III specifically:
In the general formula III, R5、R6Independent is C1~C7Alkyl or alkoxy, C2~C7Alkenyl or alkenyloxy group；Institute
State R5、R6In one or more hydrogen atoms can be replaced by fluorine atoms；
A7、A8、A9Independent is following group:
And the A7、A8、A9In at least one expression
P, q respectively indicate 0 or 1, and p+q >=1；
Z6、Z7It is independent to represent singly-bound ,-CH2CH2,-CH=CH- ,-C ≡ C- ,-COO- ,-OOC- ,-CH2O-、-
OCH2-、-CF2O- ,-OCF2-；Wherein, the Z6、Z7In one or more hydrogen atoms can be replaced by a fluorine atom.
7. negative liquid crystal composition according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the general formula III is selected from III -1~formula of formula
One of compound representated by III -11 is a variety of:
8. negative liquid crystal composition according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that: wrapped in the negative liquid crystal composition
Containing following components in percentage by weight: compound representated by 1~35% general formula I, chemical combination representated by 15~70% general formula II
Compound representated by object and 1~50% general formula III；It preferably, include following weight hundred in the negative liquid crystal composition
Divide the component of ratio: compound representated by 1~35% general formula I, compound and 5~45% representated by 20~70% general formula II
Compound representated by general formula III；It is further preferred that including the group of following weight percent in the negative liquid crystal composition
Point: compound representated by 5~35% general formula I, compound and 5~40% general formula IIIs representated by 35~70% general formula II
Representative compound.
9. negative liquid crystal composition according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the negative liquid crystal composition further includes mixing
Miscellaneous dose, the content of the dopant is the 0.01-1% of negative liquid crystal composition total weight；The dopant be antioxidant with
And ultraviolet absorbing agent；
The antioxidant and ultraviolet absorbing agent are that antioxidant, ultraviolet absorbing agent are preferred:
The S indicates the integral multiple of 1-10.
10. negative liquid crystal composition as claim in any one of claims 1 to 9 prepare liquid crystal display device material or
Application in electro-optical display material, especially answering when preparing active matrix or passive matrix display element or display
With.
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