CN109825136B - Expansion type fireproof coating for boron-containing flame-retardant resin steel structure - Google Patents
Expansion type fireproof coating for boron-containing flame-retardant resin steel structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intumescent fire retardant coating for a boron-containing fire retardant resin steel structure, and relates to the field of fire retardant coatings. The fire-retardant coating comprises a styrene-acrylic emulsion base material, an ammonium polyphosphate dehydration catalyst, a melamine foaming agent, a pentaerythritol charring agent, an ammonium hexametaphosphate dispersing agent, zinc borate and ABS resin, can effectively improve the impact strength, the processing performance, the chemical stability, the toughness and the flexibility of the fire-retardant coating, and can achieve the performances of no toxicity, no pollution, fine granularity, high thermal stability, flame retardance, smoke suppression and the like; the formula of the invention has good expansion ratio, rapid expansion, dense carbon layer, optimistic foaming condition and ideal fire resistance through smoke density experiments and fire resistance experiments, the maximum smoke density is 7.15, the fire-resistant coating belongs to A-grade materials in GB/T8627-1999, the smoke density grade (SDR) must be less than or equal to 15, and the smoke suppression performance is excellent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fireproof paint, in particular to an intumescent fireproof paint for a boron-containing flame-retardant resin steel structure.
Background
The existing steel structure flame-retardant coating forms the current situation of various varieties and serialization. Flame retardant coatings for steel structures, classified from the dispersion systems used, can be divided into aqueous and solvent-based; the expansion type fireproof coating is divided into an expansion type coating and a non-expansion type coating from the composition and fire prevention principle, wherein the expansion type fireproof coating is formed by the expansion of a coating layer when a fire disaster happens, and simultaneously, flame retardant gas is released to reduce combustion; the fire-retardant coating can be classified into ultra-thin (CB), thin (B) and thick (H) according to thickness classification, and the thin fire-retardant coating and the ultra-thin fire-retardant coating belong to intumescent fire-retardant coatings, and the ultra-thin fire-retardant coating means that the thickness of the coating is less than 3 mm.
The ultra-thin type expansion type steel structure flame-retardant coating comprises the following components: base material, carbonizing agent, foaming agent, dehydration catalyst, auxiliary agent and solvent. The binder, also known as film-forming material, is the basic material constituting the coating. The fire protection system of intumescent flame retardant coatings is usually composed of three parts, namely a char-forming agent, a blowing agent and a dehydration catalyst. The main function of the carbon forming agent is to form the skeleton of the foaming carbonized layer, the main function of the foaming agent is to release non-combustible gas when the coating is heated and forms spongy foam, and the main function of the dehydration catalyst is to decompose phosphoric acid when being heated and to prevent carbon-oxygen reaction from releasing a large amount of heat. The auxiliary agent is used as an auxiliary component of the fire-retardant coating, such as a dispersing agent, which can not only improve the flexibility, elasticity, adhesion and other properties of the coating, but also prevent the coating from aging and damage. The addition of the solvent reduces the viscosity of the film-forming material, making the coating easy to apply, and thus a uniform and smooth coating is formed.
ABS resins are made from three monomers: acrylonitrile (a), butadiene (B) and styrene (S), a thermoplastic polymer between general purpose plastics and engineering plastics. However, ABS resin is an oxygen-free resin, is difficult to esterify by dehydration, and has an extremely low char-forming ability. ABS itself is a flammable material, its limit oxygen index is only 18.3, the horizontal burning speed is very fast, release a large amount of toxic gas and black smoke during burning, this not only can cause serious property loss, but also can form the very big threat to people's life safety and living environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that ABS resin utilizes metal compound to catalyze and retard flame, improve the char forming ability of ABS itself to improve its flame retardant property, and add non-toxic, pollution-free, fine particle size, high thermal stability, flame retardant and smoke-suppressing zinc borate, to provide an intumescent fire-retardant coating for steel structure of boron-containing flame-retardant resin.
The invention aims to solve the technical problem by adopting the following technical scheme, and discloses an intumescent fire-retardant coating for a boron-containing fire-retardant resin steel structure.
Preferably, the base material is styrene-acrylic emulsion.
Preferably, the dehydration catalyst is ammonium polyphosphate, the foaming agent is melamine, the charring agent is pentaerythritol, and the dispersing agent is ammonium hexametaphosphate.
Preferably, the intumescent fire-retardant coating for the boron-containing fire-retardant resin steel structure comprises the following components in parts by weight: the composition comprises 12.5 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion base material, 12 parts of ammonium polyphosphate dehydration catalyst, 5.6 parts of melamine foaming agent, 3 parts of pentaerythritol charring agent, 2 parts of ammonium hexametaphosphate dispersant, 5 parts of zinc borate and 3 parts of ABS resin.
Preferably, the intumescent fire-retardant coating for the boron-containing fire-retardant resin steel structure further comprises a solvent, and the solvent makes the coating become sticky.
Preferably, the solvent is water, and the mass fraction of the solvent is 15 parts.
Preferably, the expanded fireproof coating for the boron-containing flame-retardant resin steel structure is prepared by using powdered ABS resin.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: according to the intumescent fire retardant coating for the boron-containing fire retardant resin steel structure, the synergistic fire retardant of the composite fire retardant ABS resin and the zinc borate is introduced, so that the impact strength, the processing performance, the chemical stability, the toughness and the flexibility of the fire retardant coating can be effectively improved, and the performances of no toxicity, no pollution, fine granularity, high thermal stability, fire retardance, smoke suppression and the like can be achieved. The smoke suppression effect of the formula is better than that of the basic formula in which zinc borate or ABS resin is added singly in a certain proportion by adding zinc borate or ABS resin into the basic formula through a smoke density experiment and a fire resistance experiment, and the formula has the advantages of better expansion ratio, rapid expansion, dense carbon layer, optimistic foaming condition, ideal fire resistance and 7.15 maximum smoke density, meets the requirement that in the GB/T8627-1999 specification, the fireproof coating belongs to A-grade material, the smoke density grade (SDR) must be less than or equal to 15, and the smoke suppression performance is excellent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a broken line schematic diagram of the results of the fire resistance test of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
The invention discloses an intumescent fire-retardant coating for a boron-containing flame-retardant resin steel structure, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: the composition comprises, by weight, 12.5 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion base material, 12 parts of ammonium polyphosphate dehydration catalyst, 5.6 parts of melamine foaming agent, 3 parts of pentaerythritol charring agent, 2 parts of ammonium hexametaphosphate dispersant, 5 parts of zinc borate, 3 parts of ABS resin and 15 parts of solvent water. The solvent makes the coating material into a viscous state, and the ABS resin is powdery.
The fireproof coating is obtained by a smoke density test and a fire resistance test, two variables of zinc borate and ABS resin are taken, Z represents the zinc borate, A represents the ABS resin, and Z0, Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5 respectively represent the dosage of 0g, 1g, 2g, 3g, 4g and 5g of zinc borate; the amounts of 0g, 1g, 2g, 3g, 4g, 5g of ABS resin are represented by A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5. The amount of solvent water used was recorded by gradual addition and stirring. The quality of the zinc borate and the ABS resin of the test formulations are as follows:
| A0 | A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | A5 | |
| Z0 | Z0A0 | Z0A1 | Z0A2 | Z0A3 | Z0A4 | Z0A5 |
| Z1 | Z1A0 | Z1A1 | Z1A2 | Z1A3 | Z1A4 | Z1A5 |
| Z2 | Z2A0 | Z2A1 | Z2A2 | Z2A3 | Z2A4 | Z2A5 |
| Z3 | Z3A0 | Z3A1 | Z3A2 | Z3A3 | Z3A4 | Z3A5 |
| Z4 | Z4A0 | Z4A1 | Z4A2 | Z4A3 | Z4A4 | Z4A5 |
| Z5 | Z5A0 | Z5A1 | Z5A2 | Z5A3 | Z5A4 | Z5A5 |
after the fireproof paint is prepared according to the proportion of the fireproof paint, the steel plate is treated and coated with paint, and the steps are as follows: first, all the steel plates were put into 500ml and 1000ml beakers, and diluted hydrochloric acid higher than the steel plate level was poured and soaked for more than 2 hours. After soaking, the steel plate is taken out by using tweezers to check, and whether the surface still has rust is observed. If not, the steel plate is directly put into a beaker filled with distilled water to isolate oxygen and delay the oxidation of the steel plate. If the rust is present, the steel plate is polished by abrasive paper until the rust on the steel plate is removed, and then the steel plate is put into a beaker filled with distilled water. The steel plate was then removed from the distilled water, wiped dry with a dry towel, and the combination was written with a large stylus on the back. And (3) uniformly coating the paint on the front surface of the steel plate by using an oil painting shovel, and then drying in an electric heating constant-temperature blast drying box. After drying, a second brushing was carried out, and the procedure was repeated, and the thickness of the coating was measured with a vernier caliper after each drying until the thickness of the coating reached 2mm (+ -0.2 mm). And finally, placing the coated steel plate in a ventilated place, and standing for 3 days for natural air drying.
The smoke density test is carried out after the sample is prepared by the method, the test accords with the smoke density test method for combustion or decomposition of building materials in the China's republic of people GB/T8627-2007, and a JCY-3 building material smoke density tester is selected to test the smoke density of the prepared refractory steel plate. The smoke density is a measure of smoke generated by the material in the combustion process, and if the smoke density is too high, the smoke density can obstruct evacuation of people and fire extinguishment in case of fire, and in order to further research the influence of banana tree bark on the intumescent steel structure fireproof coating, the smoke density experiment is carried out. The experimental results are as follows:
as can be seen from the results of the above smoke density test, the analysis was divided into two parts because of the two variables in the test. The first part is a single variable and the second part is a data analysis of a two variable combination experiment. In the regulation of GB/T8627-1999, the fire-retardant coating belongs to class A materials, and the smoke density level (SDR) must be less than or equal to 15. It can be seen from the above table that the fluctuation of the smoke density of each group is very obvious, the SDR is less than or equal to 15, and the maximum value of 11.45 completely conforms to the regulation of GB/T8627-1999. When only ABS resin is added, the smoke density grade is slightly reduced when the dosage of the ABS resin is 1-2 g. When the smoke density grade is increased to 4g, the smoke density grade is increased on the contrary, and when the smoke density grade is increased to 5g, the smoke suppression effect is optimal, so that the smoke suppression effect is promoted on the contrary by properly increasing the using amount of the ABS resin. When only zinc borate is added, the smoke suppression effect is best when the amount is 2 g. As can be seen from the above table, the smoke density tends to increase at 3g of zinc borate, particularly to a level of 3 to 4g, but tends to decrease at 4 to 5 g. Increasing the excess zinc borate compared to the smoke density rating of the base formulation did not have a smoke suppression effect, probably because the excess zinc borate increased the compaction of the char layer during catalysis, and the dense char layer released more gas.
In general, the smoke suppression effect under the simultaneous action of the zinc borate and the ABS resin is better than that of the zinc borate or the ABS resin which is added separately. In a single variable, when the dosage of the zinc borate is 0g, and the dosage of the ABS resin is 5 g; when the dosage of the zinc borate is 2g and the dosage of the ABS resin is 0g, the smoke suppression effect is best. In the compounding variables, when the dosage of the zinc borate is 3g and the dosage of the ABS resin is 4 g; the using amount of the zinc borate is 4g, and the using amount of the ABS resin is 4 g; when the amount of zinc borate is 5g and the amount of ABS resin is 3g, the flame retardant property of the coating is the best.
After the smoke density test is carried out, the five groups of components with the lowest smoke density grade, namely Z0A5, Z2A0, Z3A4, Z4A4 and Z5A3 are selected for carrying out a fire resistance test experiment, the highest temperature reached at the back of the steel plate and the time of the highest temperature occurrence are measured, and the expansion coefficient of the steel plate is calculated. The test results of the fire resistance test are as follows:
the results of the fire resistance test performed on the five lowest smoke density grades of the above-mentioned groups Z0a5, Z2a0, Z3a4, Z4a4 and Z5A3 are converted into the following results, as shown in fig. 1, with time/min on the horizontal axis and temperature/deg.c on the vertical axis:
the highest temperature and the occurrence time of the back of each group of steel plates can be obtained according to the number, so that the heating rate can be calculated.
The fire resistance of the steel plate is tested by not only testing the limit, but also observing the foaming condition after combustion and measuring the expansion height of the coating, and then calculating the expansion coefficient. Refers to the expansion rate of the coating during combustion.
In summary, Z2A0 has the lowest smoke density grade and the best flame retardant performance, but the temperature rise rate is high and the expansion ratio is too low, so the flame retardant performance is not ideal. Compared with Z2a0, Z5A3 has a higher smoke density level than Z2a0 in Z5A3, but the expansion ratio is the highest and the temperature rise rate is higher. The smoke density grade of Z5A3 is the same as that of Z4A4, and although the temperature rise rate of Z5A3 is higher than that of Z4A4, the expansion ratio of Z5A3 is relatively better, the expansion is rapid, the carbon layer is dense, and the foaming condition is most optimistic. In comprehensive consideration, the optimal formula of the experiment is Z5A3, namely the coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: the composition comprises, by weight, 12.5 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion base material, 12 parts of ammonium polyphosphate dehydration catalyst, 5.6 parts of melamine foaming agent, 3 parts of pentaerythritol charring agent, 2 parts of ammonium hexametaphosphate dispersant, 5 parts of zinc borate, 3 parts of ABS resin and 15 parts of solvent water.
In the mechanism, when the temperature of the zinc borate reaches 300 ℃ or higher, the zinc borate is heated, crystallized and decomposed to release crystal water, so that the effects of absorbing heat, cooling and diluting oxygen in air are achieved; the zinc borate is heated and melted to form a glass covering layer, and the surface of a comburent is sealed to play a role in isolation; by altering the thermal decomposition pathway of certain combustibles to prevent the formation of combustible gases, boron and many boron oxides have an inhibitory effect on the oxidation of carbon-containing compounds, which not only inhibits the production of free radicals, but also accelerates the chain reaction that terminates the combustion process; the fireproof coating is compatible with ABS resin which has high impact strength, good processing performance and chemical stability and toughness and flexibility. The smoke suppression effect of the formula is better than that of the basic formula in which zinc borate or ABS resin is added singly in a certain proportion by adding zinc borate or ABS resin into the basic formula through a smoke density experiment and a fire resistance experiment, and the formula has the advantages of better expansion ratio, rapid expansion, dense carbon layer, optimistic foaming condition, ideal fire resistance and 7.15 maximum smoke density, meets the requirement that in the GB/T8627-1999 specification, the fireproof coating belongs to A-grade material, the smoke density grade (SDR) must be less than or equal to 15, and the smoke suppression performance is excellent.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The intumescent fire-retardant coating for the boron-containing fire-retardant resin steel structure is characterized by comprising a base material, a dehydration catalyst, a foaming agent, a char forming agent, a dispersing agent and a flame retardant, wherein the flame retardant is zinc borate and ABS resin; the coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: the composition comprises 12.5 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion base material, 12 parts of ammonium polyphosphate dehydration catalyst, 5.6 parts of melamine foaming agent, 3 parts of pentaerythritol charring agent, 2 parts of ammonium hexametaphosphate dispersant, 5 parts of zinc borate and 3 parts of ABS resin; the ABS resin is in a powder shape.
2. The intumescent fire retardant coating for steel structure of boron-containing fire retardant resin of claim 1, wherein said binder is styrene acrylic emulsion.
3. The intumescent fire retardant coating for boron-containing fire retardant resin steel structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein said dehydration catalyst is ammonium polyphosphate, the foaming agent is melamine, the char-forming agent is pentaerythritol, and the dispersing agent is ammonium hexametaphosphate.
4. The intumescent fire retardant coating of claim 1, wherein said coating further comprises a solvent, said solvent making said coating viscous.
5. The intumescent fire retardant coating for a boron-containing fire retardant resin steel structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein said solvent is water, and the mass portion is 15 parts.
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| CN104130638B (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-08-24 | 安徽千和新材料科技发展有限公司 | A kind of aqueous fire-proof corrosion resistant paint for steel structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN104130671B (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-06-22 | 安徽千和新材料科技发展有限公司 | A kind of aqueous ultra-thin expansion type fireproof coating for steel construction and preparation method thereof |
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