CN109824788A - A kind of novel starch gelatinizing method - Google Patents
A kind of novel starch gelatinizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109824788A CN109824788A CN201910206594.4A CN201910206594A CN109824788A CN 109824788 A CN109824788 A CN 109824788A CN 201910206594 A CN201910206594 A CN 201910206594A CN 109824788 A CN109824788 A CN 109824788A
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- starch
- eutectic solvent
- hydrogen bond
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of novel starch gelatinizing methods, use eutectic solvent as gelatinization solvent；The eutectic solvent is using choline chloride as hydrogen bond receptor, ethylene glycol as eutectic solvent prepared by hydrogen bond donor.This method can prepare pre-gelatinized starch under water-less environment, have many advantages, such as that easy to operate, the green cleanliness without any pollution of technical process, product are widely used in the fields such as food, chemical industry, cultivation, medicine, weaving, casting, oil drilling.The pre-gelatinized starch that the present invention obtains refers to the starch that hydrogen bond is broken after physical modification, nontoxic, has good water-soluble and hygroscopicity.Compared with ative starch, have the characteristics that polymolecularity, high oil-absorbing, hyperhydrated speed, high viscosity and high-expansion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel starch gelatinizing methods, belong to starch processing and modified field.
Background technique
Starch molecule formula is (C6H10O5)n.Wherein, n is the degree of polymerization, generally 800-3000.General starch is mainly by straight chain
Starch and amylopectin composition, can be obtained by extracting in the amyloid substances such as corn, sweet potato, wild acorn nut and pueraria lobata.Except food
With outer, starch can be also used for the preparation of dextrin, maltose, glucose, alcohol etc., the modulation of printing paste, the starching of textile,
Gluing, compacting of medicinal tablet of paper etc..
Starch is a kind of highly crystalline substance, and intermolecular and intramolecular is insoluble in cold water, causes above there are a large amount of hydrogen bonds
Inconvenience in use process.And pass through starch gelatinization and the pre-gelatinized starch for preparing then is soluble in cold water, it can be to avoid above not
Just.The essence of starch gelatinization is the hydrogen bond between destroying starch molecule with intramolecular, and starch molecule is arranged by closely orderly becoming
It is at random unordered.
General starch gelatinization method specifically includes that hot gelatinizing method, super-pressure gelatinization method, squeezes gelatinization method and chemistry paste
Change method.Hot gelatinizing method is divided into indirect heating method and snead process.Indirect heating method is using a large amount of water by boiling, baking
Gelatinization is realized in the traditional heatings processing such as roasting, and the method equipment is simple, operation is easy but energy consumption is huge and can generate a large amount of waste water；
Directly heating rule is to generate heat using the resistance characteristic of starch itself come itself.It specifically refers in starch-water slurry
Electrode is accessed at both ends, is passed through alternating current, heats starch suspension as resistance.But this method still can generate a large amount of useless
Water.Super-pressure gelatinization refers to that starch-water slurry promotes the long-chain of starch molecule to be broken in elevated pressures, and molecular structure changes,
It is gelatinized；Squeezing gelatinization method is to rotate to form shear zone by machine barrel inner screw using screw extruder, causes temperature of charge
It increases and forms plasticity melting body.When squeezing out die hole, it is depressured fast extruding rapidly and reaches gelatinization purpose.The method is to equipment and behaviour
It is more demanding to make condition.Chemical gelatinizing method be using chemical solvent destroy starch molecule between and intramolecular hydrogen bond and realize starch
Gelatinization.This method equipment is simple, operation is easy but needs using a large amount of poisonous and harmful chemical solvents.
Eutectic solvent is a kind of novel green solvent formed based on eutectic phenomenon, and there is steam to force down, is nontoxic
It is harmless, property is adjustable, it is simple to prepare and it is low in cost the advantages that.Eutectic solvent is used to replace water molten as the gelatinization of starch
Agent can eliminate the generation of a large amount of waste water in the hot gelatinizing method of starch.Compared with super-pressure gelatinization method and squeezing gelatinization method, have
Equipment is simple and operates easy advantage.Compared with chemical gelatinization method, without using poisonous and hazardous chemical solvent.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel starch gelatinizing methods, and pre-gelatinized shallow lake can be prepared under water-less environment
Powder, has many advantages, such as easy to operate, the green cleanliness without any pollution of technical process, product be widely used in food, chemical industry, cultivation,
The fields such as medicine, weaving, casting, oil drilling.
Novel starch gelatinizing method of the present invention uses eutectic solvent as gelatinization solvent；The eutectic solvent be with
Choline chloride is as hydrogen bond receptor, ethylene glycol as eutectic solvent prepared by hydrogen bond donor.
Novel starch gelatinizing method of the present invention, includes the following steps:
Step 1: it is 12 hours dry in 393K that choline chloride, ethylene glycol and starch pass through vacuum oven respectively；
Step 2: the ratio of 1:2 weighs choline chloride and ethylene glycol and mixes in molar ratio, and stirring is until form transparent
Uniform solution is to get eutectic solvent；
Step 3: starch is added in the eutectic solvent obtained to step 2, is placed in stirring under 393K until being formed transparent
Uniform solution is to get starch-eutectic solvent solution；
Step 4: starch-eutectic solvent solution that step 3 obtains is kept into 20-30min at a temperature of 303K-393K,
It being then poured into the dehydrated alcohol that temperature is 298K and precipitates, product starch is collected by filtration, washing is placed on drying in vacuum drying oven,
Obtain pre-gelatinized starch.The recycling of eutectic solvent and ethyl alcohol can be realized by simply heating separation.
In step 3, the starch is cornstarch, amylose or amylopectin；It has now been found that eutectic solvent
2wt% is up to the solubility of starch, therefore the mass concentration of starch is in starch of the present invention-eutectic solvent solution
2wt%.
The pre-gelatinized starch that the present invention obtains refers to the starch that hydrogen bond is broken after physical modification, nontoxic, has good
It is water-soluble.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in:
1, compared with hot gelatinization method, this method, which can be avoided, generates a large amount of waste water；
2, compared with super-pressure is gelatinized method and squeezes gelatinization method, this method is lower to operation equipment requirement and operation is simple
It is single；
3, compared with chemical gelatinization method, this method avoids the use of poisonous and harmful organic solvent；
4, the eutectic solvent that this method uses can be separated and recovered by simple heating process, with sustainable development
Advantage.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be cornstarch, amylopectin, cornstarch, amylose molar ratio be 1:2 [choline chloride] [second
Glycol] eutectic solvent and DSC data in water.Scheming a, b, c is respectively cornstarch, amylopectin and amylose
DSC data.As can be seen from the figure three kinds of starch are close with the paste point in eutectic solvent in water.
Fig. 2 is the course of dissolution photo figure by taking cornstarch as an example.In figure in No. 4 samples be raw starch, No. 3 for by
The starch of 2wt% is added the photo of eutectic solvent, and No. 2 are partly soluble procedure chart, and No. 1 is that the clarification that has been completely dissolved is saturating
Bright solution.
Fig. 3 is by taking cornstarch as an example respectively in Fu of the dissolution before involvement and in 303K, 333K, 363K different temperatures
Leaf transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectral data, figure a, b, c and d are respectively cornstarch, 363K, 333K or 303K dissolution FTIR
Spectrogram.It can be seen that the starch of all starch samples is in 1017,1082 and 1166cm from spectrogram-1The characteristic peak at place, this may
It is attributed to C-O key stretching vibration.There is no difference between the starch and native starch of recycling.
Fig. 4 is the X-ray of the dissolution before incorporating respectively by taking cornstarch as an example and in 303K, 333K, 363K different temperatures
Diffraction (XRD) spectrogram, figure a, b, c and d are respectively cornstarch, 363K, 333K or 303K dissolution XRD spectra.X-ray is carried out to spread out
It penetrates to study native starch and dissolve the difference of crystallinity between starch.It can be seen that the 15,17,18 of native starch from spectrogram
Show typical Type B starch with the strong reflection near 23 ° of 2 θ.Recycling starch (b, c and d) in, the characteristic peak of native starch
It disappears and observes new peak, show the change of crystal structure.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: cornstarch pre-gelatinized side in choline chloride/ethylene glycol eutectic solvent that molar ratio is 1:2
Method.
1:2 weighs choline chloride in molar ratio and ethylene glycol is added in the screw socket bottle with stirring, until being formed colourless
Transparent liquid, as eutectic solvent；Cornstarch is added into eutectic solvent, continuous heating and is stirred at a temperature of 373K
It mixes, until colorless and transparent solution is formed.Gained starch-eutectic solvent solution temperature is maintained at 393K or is reduced to
363,333 or 303K pours into solution in the dehydrated alcohol that temperature is 298K with precipitating and recovery product pre-gelatinized starch.It is right again
Cornstarch carries out fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with the dissolution of tri- kinds of temperature of 303K, 333K, 363K before involvement respectively
(FTIR) it is tested with X-ray diffraction (XRD).Test result is as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.
Embodiment 2: amylopectin pre-gelatinized side in choline chloride/ethylene glycol eutectic solvent that molar ratio is 1:2
Method.
Choline chloride is weighed for 1:2 in molar ratio and ethylene glycol is added in the screw socket bottle with stirring, until forming nothing
The transparent liquid of color, as eutectic solvent；Amylopectin is added into eutectic solvent, continuous heating is simultaneously at a temperature of 373K
Stirring, until colorless and transparent solution is formed.Solution is poured into the dehydrated alcohol that temperature is 298K with precipitating and recovery product
Pre-gelatinized starch.
Embodiment 3: amylose pre-gelatinized side in choline chloride/ethylene glycol eutectic solvent that molar ratio is 1:2
Method.
Choline chloride is weighed for 1:2 in molar ratio and ethylene glycol is added in the screw socket bottle with stirring, until forming nothing
The transparent liquid of color, as eutectic solvent；Amylose is added into eutectic solvent, continuous heating is simultaneously at a temperature of 373K
Stirring, until colorless and transparent solution is formed.Solution is poured into the dehydrated alcohol that temperature is 298K with precipitating and recovery product
Pre-gelatinized starch.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of novel starch gelatinizing method, it is characterised in that: use eutectic solvent as gelatinization solvent；The eutectic is molten
Agent is using choline chloride as hydrogen bond receptor, ethylene glycol as eutectic solvent prepared by hydrogen bond donor.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by comprising following steps:
Step 1: it is 12 hours dry in 393K that choline chloride, ethylene glycol and starch pass through vacuum oven respectively；
Step 2: the ratio of 1:2 weighs choline chloride and ethylene glycol and mixes in molar ratio, and stirring is until form transparent uniform
Solution is to get eutectic solvent；
Step 3: starch is added in the eutectic solvent obtained to step 2, is placed under 393K and stirs until being formed transparent uniform
Solution；
Step 4: starch-eutectic solvent solution that step 3 obtains being kept into 20-30min at a temperature of 303K-393K, then
It pours into the dehydrated alcohol that temperature is 298K and precipitates, product starch is collected by filtration, washing is placed on drying in vacuum drying oven, obtains
Pre-gelatinized starch.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized by:
The starch is cornstarch, amylose or amylopectin.
4. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized by:
The mass concentration of starch is 2wt% in the starch-eutectic solvent solution.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111011829A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-04-17 | 南京农业大学 | Natural eutectic solvent and application thereof in processing and storage of fresh vermicelli |
| CN115819631A (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-03-21 | 珠海市德海生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of pregelatinized starch and application of pregelatinized starch in aquatic feed |
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| WO2012145522A2 (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2012-10-26 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Deep eutectic solvent systems and methods |
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| CN102634049A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-15 | 广西民族大学 | Modified starch and manufacturing method and application of modified starch |
| CN104530246A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-04-22 | 宁波中华纸业有限公司 | Preparation method of cationic starch solution and paper |
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| CN111011829A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-04-17 | 南京农业大学 | Natural eutectic solvent and application thereof in processing and storage of fresh vermicelli |
| CN111011829B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2022-09-20 | 南京农业大学 | Natural eutectic solvent and application thereof in processing and storage of fresh vermicelli |
| CN115819631A (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-03-21 | 珠海市德海生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of pregelatinized starch and application of pregelatinized starch in aquatic feed |
| CN115819631B (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2024-01-30 | 珠海市德海生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of pregelatinized starch and application of pregelatinized starch in aquatic feed |
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