CN109823550B

CN109823550B - Variable many rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle duct device

Info

Publication number: CN109823550B
Application number: CN201910171935.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪朝晖; 李毅轩; 樊佳荣; 周琳; 冯亚楠; 徐文侠; 甘霖
Original assignee: Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
Current assignee: Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
Priority date: 2019-03-07
Filing date: 2019-03-07
Publication date: 2023-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2039-03-07
Also published as: CN109823550A

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable multi-rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle duct device which comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle cantilever and a curve duct, wherein two locking mechanisms are fixedly connected to the outer side of the unmanned aerial vehicle cantilever, a cantilever mounting position is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the curve duct, a cantilever mounting plate is fixedly connected to the inner part of the cantilever mounting position, one end of each locking mechanism is fixedly connected with the cantilever mounting plate, support mounting holes are formed in the surface of the curve duct, the support mounting holes are symmetrically distributed in a cross shape, and duct supports are arranged in the curve duct. This many rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle duct devices of variable drives the rotor through brushless motor and rotates, and duct leading edge top lip radian is great, and the air current velocity of flow increases and forms the low pressure district, and the air current passes through the rotor through the duct changeover portion and gets into duct trailing edge, thereby when the rotor rotates, upper portion low pressure district and lower part high pressure district shape pressure differential produce the lift.

Description

Variable many rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle duct device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plant protection unmanned aerial vehicles, in particular to a variable multi-rotor wing plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle duct device.

Background

The plant protection multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle is a new member of plant protection industry, the portability, operability and safety aspects have very big advantage, the general plant protection multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle is a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle that is fixed with the nozzle by the cantilever of unducted structure, the rotor is connected on unmanned aerial vehicle cantilever top, install a nozzle additional at rotor lower stiff end, generally select number 4 to 8 nozzles and rotor cooperation, a plurality of nozzles co-operation forms a complete spraying face to target crop and carries out directional spraying under a plurality of rotors, because the rotatory upper and lower flow field velocity of rotor is different, the tip of a oar can produce the vortex effect, the liquid medicine receives the flow field to influence greatly in the spraying process, the vortex can seriously influence the spraying face of spraying, the liquid medicine can produce drift, if drift near adjacent waters or non-target vegetation, can cause personnel, domestic animal or cash crop's loss.

The duct device is at ordinary rotor external mounting sleeve, the rotor reduces the influence of external environment wind to rotor air current through the sleeve, simultaneously, the sleeve cuts off the flow field that is connected about on the rotor itself, become two flow fields that are not connected from top to bottom, the intermediate gap is minimum, lead to the vortex effect to be weakened, but the duct design cost is high, the shape is complicated, occupation space is too big moreover, therefore, duct technology often uses in accurate aviation operation occasion, unmanned aerial vehicle duct receives the liquid medicine erosion easily and produces the damage when aerial plant protection, and rotor brushless motor and centrifugal nozzle motor produce electromagnetic interference easily.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a variable multi-rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle duct device, which solves the problems that the rotor down-washing air flow is too small, the aggregation degree of the rotor down-washing air flow is too low, so that pesticide drift is caused, and the like in the plant protection process of a general multi-rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle, and the defects that the flow field of the unmanned aerial vehicle is changed and lacks corresponding interpolation means, and the like are caused by replacing a special spray nozzle.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a many rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle duct device of variable, includes unmanned aerial vehicle cantilever and curve duct, the outside fixedly connected with of unmanned aerial vehicle cantilever is locked, the inner wall fixedly connected with cantilever installation position of curve duct, the inside fixedly connected with cantilever mounting panel of cantilever installation position, the one end and the cantilever mounting panel fixed connection of locking mechanism, the support mounting hole has been seted up on the surface of curve duct, the support mounting hole is cross symmetric distribution, and the inside of curve duct is provided with the duct support, the duct support is the X type support that two horizontal poles are constituteed, and the both ends of duct support all imbeds and connect in the inside of support mounting hole, the outside fixedly connected with shell of support mounting hole, the upper surface fixedly connected with brushless motor of duct support, brushless motor's output up and fixedly connected with rotor, the lower surface fixedly connected with nozzle support of duct support, the bottom fixedly connected with centrifugal nozzle of nozzle support, the inside downside that is close to the support mounting hole of curve duct is provided with vice board, vice one end that is close to the board and vice board are close to the vice board.

Preferably, the unmanned aerial vehicle cantilever is long tubular structure of multistage, including cantilever left end, middle bracing piece and cantilever right-hand member, the both ends of middle bracing piece are fixedly connected with cantilever left end and cantilever right-hand member respectively, the one end of cantilever left end sets up six mounting holes and is connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle fuselage, the one end of cantilever right-hand member is provided with six mounting holes and is connected with the cantilever mounting panel, locking mechanism sets up the junction of cantilever left end and cantilever right-hand member and middle bracing piece.

Preferably, the curved duct is divided into a duct front edge, a duct transition section and a duct rear edge from top to bottom, the duct support, the plate pair and the support mounting holes are all arranged at the duct transition section, the diameter of the inner side section of the duct transition section is larger than that of the rotor wing, the curvature of the inner side surface from the inner side of the duct front edge to the duct transition section is smaller, the curvature of the inner side surface from the inner side of the duct transition section to the duct rear edge is larger, and the outer surface vertical planes of the duct front edge, the duct transition section and the duct rear edge are vertical.

Preferably, the upper surface of the duct support is provided with an arc-shaped mounting groove, and the outer side of the upper surface of the duct support, which is close to the arc-shaped mounting groove, is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped limiting plate.

Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises an extrusion assembly and a threaded sleeve, the rear end part of the extrusion assembly is tightly connected with the tail end of the right end of the cantilever, the middle supporting rod at the middle part is arranged at the small radius part of the front section of the extrusion assembly, threads are arranged on the outer surface of the extrusion assembly and the inner surface of the threaded sleeve, and the small radius outer contour of the front section of the threaded sleeve presses the extrusion assembly.

Preferably, the rotor wing can be made of carbon fiber or composite material, the duct support is a nylon plastic component, and the curved duct is an aluminum component.

Preferably, the present invention further includes an extension tube mountable between the nozzle holder and the centrifugal nozzle, and an intermediate support bar mountable between the left end of the cantilever and the right end of the cantilever.

Advantageous effects

The invention provides a variable multi-rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle bypass device. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:

(1) This many rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle duct devices of variable drives the rotor through brushless motor and rotates, duct leading edge top lip radian is great, the air current velocity of flow increases and forms low pressure zone, the air current passes through the duct changeover portion and gets into the duct trailing edge through the rotor, thereby when the rotor rotates, upper portion low pressure zone and lower part high pressure zone shape pressure differential produce lift, thereby rotor and the nearly inseparable laminating of curve duct inner wall are indirect, can not produce the oar tip vortex effect like conventional unducted rotor, low pressure zone and high pressure zone pressure differential are obvious, the inside and outside flow field of curve duct merges and develops to the ground and form down the washing flow field in the trailing edge export, set up reasonable clearance in order to prevent vibrations and deformation to cause rotor and curve duct contact to lead to the paddle rupture, in the disc centrifugation nozzle, centrifugal disc high-speed motion forms the liquid medicine fog drip crowd that has centrifugal force, receive trailing edge department high pressure zone wind field drive down to spread down to down the washing flow field when fog drip is diffused, nearly ground vegetation blade is by wind-force to turn over the leaf surface, a plurality of ducts coact forms a complete wind field, liquid medicine evenly covers to each leaf surface and neck along with the wind field, plant protection effect is good.

(2) This many rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle duct devices of variable can adopt carbon fiber or combined material through the rotor, the duct support is the component of a nylon plastics material, the curve duct is the component of an aluminium material, the rotor adopts carbon fiber material or combined material, the lightweight and the structural strength of rotor can be guaranteed to the carbon fiber material, the duct support adopts the nylon plastics material, the nylon plastics material has certain toughness, prevent brushless motor and centrifugal nozzle to produce the deformation that vibrations lead to, the duct adopts aluminium material, the aluminium duct also can shield the electromagnetic interference that certain brushless motor and centrifugal nozzle produced under the circumstances of having guaranteed structural strength, avoid causing the influence to unmanned aerial vehicle navigation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an internal structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a curved duct of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a stent of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a stent of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a drone boom of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. an unmanned aerial vehicle cantilever; 2. a locking mechanism; 3. a curved duct; 4. a duct support; 5. a rotor; 6. a shell; 7. a brushless motor; 8. centrifuging the nozzle; 9. a duct leading edge; 10. a bypass transition section; 11. a trailing edge of the duct; 12. a plate pair; 13. a bracket mounting hole; 14. a nozzle holder; 15. a cantilever mounting position; 16. a cantilever mounting plate; 17. an arc-shaped mounting groove; 18. an arc limiting plate; 19. an inner mounting hole; 20. a nozzle mounting hole; 21. the side surface is provided with an outer mounting hole; 22. the left end of the cantilever; 23. a middle support rod; 24. the right end of the cantilever; 25. an extrusion assembly; 26. a threaded sleeve; 27. an extension tube; 28. the middle support long rod.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Example 1: referring to fig. 1-6, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a variable many rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle duct device, including unmanned aerial vehicle cantilever 1 and curve duct 3, the outside fixedly connected with of unmanned aerial vehicle cantilever 1 two locking mechanism 2, locking mechanism 2 includes extrusion subassembly 25 and screw sleeve 26, the rear end portion and the terminal zonulae occludens of cantilever right-hand member 24 of extrusion subassembly 25, the middle bracing piece 23 connection that has the mid position in extrusion subassembly 25 anterior segment minor radius department, the surface of extrusion subassembly 25 and the internal surface of screw sleeve 26 all are provided with the screw, screw sleeve 26 anterior segment minor radius outline forms the oppression to extrusion subassembly 25, unmanned aerial vehicle cantilever 1 is the long tubular structure of multistage, including cantilever left end 22, middle bracing piece 23 and cantilever right-hand member 24, the both ends of middle bracing piece 23 are fixedly connected with cantilever left end 22 and cantilever right-hand member 24 respectively, the one end of cantilever left end 22 sets up six mounting holes and is connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle fuselage, six mounting holes are arranged at one end of the cantilever right end 24 and are connected with the cantilever mounting plate 16, the locking mechanism 2 is arranged at the connecting part of the cantilever left end 22 and the cantilever right end 24 and the middle supporting rod 23, the cantilever mounting position 15 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the curved duct 3, the curved duct 3 is divided into a duct front edge 9, a duct transition section 10 and a duct rear edge 11 from top to bottom, the duct support 4, the plate pair 12 and the support mounting hole 13 are all arranged at the duct transition section 10, the middle part of the duct support 4 is of a circular disc structure, an inner mounting hole 19 is arranged in the duct support 4, a side surface outer mounting hole 21 is arranged at the outer side of the duct support 4 and is connected with the inner mounting hole 19, a nozzle mounting hole 20 is arranged at the lower surface of the duct support 4, the nozzle support 14 is connected with the duct support 4 through the nozzle mounting hole 20, an arc-shaped mounting groove 17 is formed on the upper surface of the duct support 4, an arc-shaped limiting plate 18 is fixedly connected to the outer side, close to the arc-shaped mounting groove 17, of the upper surface of the duct support 4, the diameter of the inner side section of the duct transition section 10 is larger than that of the rotor wing 5, the curvature from the inner side of the duct front edge 9 to the inner side surface of the duct transition section 10 is smaller, the curvature from the inner side of the duct transition section 10 to the inner side surface of the duct rear edge 11 is larger, the outer surfaces of the duct front edge 9, the duct transition section 10 and the duct rear edge 11 are vertical planes, a cantilever mounting plate 16 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the cantilever mounting position 15, one end of the locking mechanism 2 is fixedly connected with the cantilever mounting plate 16, a support mounting hole 13 is formed on the surface of the curved duct 3, the bracket mounting holes 13 are symmetrically distributed in a cross shape, the inside of the curved duct 3 is provided with a duct bracket 4, the duct bracket 4 is an X-shaped bracket formed by two cross bars, two ends of the duct bracket 4 are embedded and connected in the inside of the bracket mounting holes 13, the outer side of the bracket mounting holes 13 is fixedly connected with a shell 6, the upper surface of the duct bracket 4 is fixedly connected with a brushless motor 7, the output end of the brushless motor 7 faces upwards and is fixedly connected with a rotor 5, the lower surface of the duct bracket 4 is fixedly connected with a nozzle bracket 14, the bottom end of the nozzle bracket 14 is fixedly connected with a centrifugal nozzle 8, the lower side, close to the bracket mounting holes 13, of the inside of the curved duct 3 is provided with a plate pair 12, and one end, close to the plate pair 12, of the duct bracket 4 is fixedly connected with a plane and the plate pair 12;

the brushless motor 7 drives the rotor 5 to rotate, the brushless motor 7 can adopt a BLD-405A type brushless motor, the radian of the lip at the top end of the duct front edge 9 is larger, the airflow velocity is increased to form a low-pressure area, the airflow passes through the rotor through the duct transition section 10 and enters the duct rear edge 11, when the rotor 5 rotates, the upper low-pressure area and the lower high-pressure area form pressure difference to generate lift force, the rotor 5 and the inner wall of the curved duct 3 are closely attached, the tip vortex effect can not be generated like a conventional unducted rotor, the pressure difference between the low-pressure area and the high-pressure area is obvious, the inner flow field and the outer flow field of the curved duct 3 are combined and developed to the ground at the outlet of the rear edge to form a lower washing flow field, a reasonable gap is arranged to prevent the rotor 5 from being contacted with the curved duct 3 to cause blade breakage due to vibration and deformation, and in the disk type centrifugal nozzle 8, the centrifugal disk moves at high speed to form a liquid medicine fog droplet group with centrifugal force, the fog drops are driven by a high-pressure area wind field at the rear edge to downwards spread to a lower washing flow field when spreading, the blade surfaces of the vegetation blades close to the ground are overturned by wind force, a plurality of ducts jointly act to form a complete wind field, liquid medicine uniformly covers all the blade surfaces and neck parts of plants along with the wind field, the plant protection effect is good, the rotor 5 can adopt carbon fiber or composite materials, the duct support 4 is a nylon plastic component, the curve duct 3 is an aluminum component, the lightweight and structural strength of the rotor 5 can be ensured by the carbon fiber material, the duct support 4 adopts a Ninong plastic material, the Ninong plastic material has certain toughness, the vibration of the brushless motor 7 and the centrifugal nozzle 8 is prevented, the duct adopts aluminum material, and the electromagnetic interference generated by the brushless motor 7 and the centrifugal nozzle 8 can be shielded under the condition that the structural strength of the aluminum duct is ensured, avoiding affecting the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation system.

Example 2: referring to fig. 7, when the pesticide is not applicable to the disc type centrifugal nozzle 8, the nozzle can be changed to be a hydraulic type atomizing nozzle or other types of nozzles, and the atomizing effect of different nozzles is different, the atomizing surface generated by the lower air washing flow field is also changed, the flying height and the rotating speed of the rotor wing change greatly affect the flying state of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the distance between the unmanned aerial vehicle and the shaft of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be changed by replacing the middle supporting rod 23 to the middle supporting long rod 28, the ideal combined lower air washing flow is obtained, the distance between the nozzle and the rotor wing 5 is prolonged by using the extension tube 27, and the height of the optimal atomizing surface can be adjusted by changing the distance, so that the better atomizing effect is obtained.

It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a many rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle duct device of variable, includes unmanned aerial vehicle cantilever (1) and curve duct (3), the outside fixedly connected with of unmanned aerial vehicle cantilever (1) is locked mechanism (2), the inner wall fixedly connected with cantilever installation position (15) of curve duct (3), the inside fixedly connected with cantilever mounting panel (16) of cantilever installation position (15), the one end and the cantilever mounting panel (16) fixed connection of locking mechanism (2), its characterized in that: the novel intelligent bypass structure is characterized in that bracket mounting holes (13) are formed in the surface of the curved bypass (3), the bracket mounting holes (13) are symmetrically distributed in a cross shape, a bypass bracket (4) is arranged in the curved bypass (3), the bypass bracket (4) is an X-shaped bracket formed by two cross bars, two ends of the bypass bracket (4) are embedded and connected in the bracket mounting holes (13), a shell (6) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bracket mounting holes (13), a brushless motor (7) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bypass bracket (4), a nozzle bracket (14) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the brushless motor (7) upwards and fixedly connected with a rotor wing (5), a centrifugal nozzle (8) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the nozzle bracket (14), a plate pair (12) is arranged on the lower side, close to the bracket mounting holes (13), of the inside the curved bypass bracket (3), and one end, close to the plate pair (12), of the bypass bracket (4) is fixedly connected with a plane and the plate pair (12);

the unmanned aerial vehicle cantilever (1) is of a multi-section long cylindrical structure and comprises a cantilever left end (22), a middle supporting rod (23) and a cantilever right end (24), wherein the cantilever left end (22) and the cantilever right end (24) are fixedly connected to two ends of the middle supporting rod (23) respectively, six mounting holes are formed in one end of the cantilever left end (22) and are connected with an unmanned aerial vehicle body, six mounting holes are formed in one end of the cantilever right end (24) and are connected with a cantilever mounting plate (16), and the locking mechanism (2) is arranged at the connecting part of the cantilever left end (22) and the cantilever right end (24) and the middle supporting rod (23);

the utility model discloses a curved duct (3) is divided into duct leading edge (9), duct changeover portion (10) and duct trailing edge (11) from top to bottom, duct support (4), plate pair (12) and support mounting hole (13) all set up in duct changeover portion (10) department, duct changeover portion (10) inboard cross-section diameter is greater than the diameter of rotor (5), the inboard surface curvature of duct leading edge (9) inboard to duct changeover portion (10) is less, the inboard surface curvature of duct changeover portion (10) inboard to duct trailing edge (11) is great, the vertical form plane of surface of duct leading edge (9), duct changeover portion (10) and duct trailing edge (11).

2. The variable multi-rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle duct device of claim 1, wherein: the middle part of duct support (4) is circular disk structure, and interior mounting hole (19) have been seted up to the inside of duct support (4), the outside of duct support (4) is provided with side outer mounting hole (21), side outer mounting hole (21) link to each other with interior mounting hole (19) and put through, nozzle mounting hole (20) have been seted up to the lower surface of duct support (4), nozzle support (14) are connected with duct support (4) through nozzle mounting hole (20).

3. The variable multi-rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle duct device of claim 1, wherein: an arc-shaped mounting groove (17) is formed in the upper surface of the duct support (4), and an arc-shaped limiting plate (18) is fixedly connected to the outer side, close to the arc-shaped mounting groove (17), of the upper surface of the duct support (4).

4. The variable multi-rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle duct device of claim 1, wherein: locking mechanism (2) are including extrusion subassembly (25) and screw sleeve (26), the terminal zonulae occludens of rear end portion and cantilever right-hand member (24) of extrusion subassembly (25), the anterior segment minor radius department of extrusion subassembly (25) has middle bracing piece (23) of mid-portion to be connected, the surface of extrusion subassembly (25) all is provided with the screw with the internal surface of screw sleeve (26), screw sleeve (26) anterior segment minor radius outline forms the oppression to extrusion subassembly (25).

5. A variable multi-rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle duct device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the rotor wing (5) can be made of carbon fiber or composite material, the duct support (4) is a nylon plastic component, and the curved duct (3) is an aluminum component.

6. The variable multi-rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle duct device of claim 1, wherein: the centrifugal nozzle further comprises an extension pipe (27) and an intermediate support long rod (28), wherein the extension pipe (27) can be installed between the nozzle support (14) and the centrifugal nozzle (8), and the intermediate support long rod (28) can be installed between the left cantilever end (22) and the right cantilever end (24).