CN109818930B - Communication text data transmission method based on TCP protocol - Google Patents
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Abstract
A communication text data transmission method based on TCP protocol is characterized in that text data are transmitted at a client and a server by self-defining a message format, the text data are converted into a data unit format and then transmitted, the message comprises a data head, a data body length and a data body, the data head records the number of bytes of a data body occupied space for a positioning mark and the data body length, the data body is composed of a plurality of data units, each data unit comprises a field code, a field length and a field content, all data in the message are in a binary format, the data head, the data length and the field code of the data unit are binary numbers with fixed length, and the text data are analyzed by establishing a field name and a field code.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to internet data transmission, in particular to a communication text data transmission method based on a TCP (Transmission control protocol), belonging to the field of internet.
Background
The TCP protocol is a connection-oriented, reliable transport layer communication protocol based on byte stream, which is used to implement reliable end-to-end data transmission, and is defined by RFC793 of IETF, and includes functions such as sequencing, repeated packet discarding, packet loss retransmission, flow control, and congestion control, and the TCP protocol is an important basis of the internet.
Microservice is an organization of computer systems, and a large complex software application is made up of one or more microservice units. In the micro-service architecture, each micro-service unit has independent process space and resources, and each micro-service has its own communication mechanism and can be deployed on a single or multiple servers. The micro-service architecture has the characteristics of componentization, loose coupling, autonomy, decentralization and the like.
In a micro service system, a large number of micro service units exist, and a large number of text data exchange needs to be performed between the micro service units, and how to improve the efficiency of data exchange between the micro service units is an important factor to be considered by the micro service system. Data is generally transmitted between microservers based on a client/server mode (i.e., C/S), the client and server typically transmit data using TCP, the client encodes the data using a certain data format and then transmits the encoded data to the server, which receives the data and decodes the data.
The data format sent by the client and the server can generally adopt the modes of the mainstream XML, JSON and other custom formats in the market. The data packet in the xml (extensiblemarkup language) data format is relatively large, contains a large amount of repeated mark contents, and occupies a large amount of network bandwidth resources. Compared with the XML, the JSON (javascript Object notification) data format is lighter, the data format is clear, but the analysis of the JSON data follows the syntax requirement of the JSON format, and under the condition that the requirement of data transmission performance is higher, the sequence number and the anti-sequence number of the JSON data need to be analyzed, so that more system resources are occupied, and the efficiency of the system is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a communication text data transmission method based on a TCP protocol, which transmits text data at a client and a server in a self-defined message format mode, avoids the low efficiency of XML format data analysis, also avoids the problem that JSON format data serialization and deserialization occupy larger system resources, and has the advantages of high transmission efficiency, simple implementation mode, strong expansibility and the like.
The self-defined format is defined by a designer in a targeted manner for improving the data use efficiency under different data use scenes, and the client and the server analyze data according to the self-defined format.
For example: the scenario used in the present application is to meet the requirement of efficient data transmission in a specific service scenario, for example, i want to send the data in the following table to the server:
| class of class | Number learning | Name (I) |
| Software 1701 | 17001 | Zhang three |
The data is characterized in that the names of columns are basically fixed, column data cannot be added with one column at present and subtracted with one column at tomorrow, but data of rows is more, 1 ten thousand rows need to be sent at present, and 10 ten thousand rows need to be sent at tomorrow. In this case, sending data in the custom format of fig. 2 is much more efficient than xml and json.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a communication text data transmission method based on TCP protocol, client and server end adopt TCP protocol to transmit data, client uses a certain data format to encode data, then sends encoded data to server, server decodes data after receiving data, its characteristic is: the text data is transmitted at the client and the server by self-defining the message format, and the text data is transmitted after being converted into the format of a data unit, wherein the message comprises a data head, a data body length and a data body 3. The data head records the byte number of the space occupied by the data body for the positioning mark and the length of the data body, the data body is composed of a plurality of data units, and each data unit comprises 3 types of information of field codes, field lengths and field contents. All data in the message are in binary format, wherein the data head, the data body length and field codes in the data unit are binary numbers with fixed length, the conversion and analysis of the text data are realized by establishing a corresponding hash relation mode of field names and the field codes, wherein the field names are hash names of the data represented by the field codes;
the data transmission process is as follows:
reading text data into a memory by a client, converting the text data into a KeyValue object, wherein one KeyValue object represents one piece of text data, one KeyValue object comprises a plurality of entries, each entry is a key value pair of a field name and field content, and the field name and the field content of the key value pair are of a text type;
step two, the client encodes each entry in the KeyValue object, and the encoding aims to convert the entry of the text type into binary data: converting the field name into a binary code, recording the binary code as A, converting the field content into a byte-type array, recording the byte-type array as B, calculating the length of the array B, recording the length of the array B as C, repeating the above operations, and performing corresponding processing on all the entries in the step one;
thirdly, the client side assembles the code A, the array B and the length C into a data unit, wherein the code A corresponds to the field code of the data unit, the length C corresponds to the field length of the data unit, the array B corresponds to the field content of the data unit, the operations are repeated to form a data body which is marked as T, then the length of the data body is calculated and marked as L, and finally the data head, the data length L and the data body T are assembled into a binary number array;
step four, the client initiates TCP connection to the server, and then sends the binary array to the server;
after receiving the binary array, the server analyzes the array to respectively analyze a data head, a data length L and a data body T;
analyzing the data body T to obtain field codes, field lengths and field contents;
and step seven, converting the field codes into field names by searching a hash table, then generating KeyValue objects by the field names and the field contents, and finally converting the KeyValue objects into text data.
Before the first step is executed, firstly, establishing a corresponding relation between a field name and a field code, assuming that text data is ' user ' abc and ' password ' ABCD ', establishing a corresponding relation between the field name and the field code through a hash table, and establishing hash tables H { < user, 0x01>, < password, 0x02> } corresponding to the text data, wherein the hash tables are required to be executed at a client and a server, and the server and the client both have a uniform hash table; in the first step, the KeyValue object is also a hash table, and the contents of the hash table are { < user, ABC >, < password, ABC > }.
The client encodes each entry in the KeyValue object, firstly takes out the entry < user, abc >, searches a hash table H to obtain a field code 0x01 corresponding to a field name 'user', then converts the character string 'abc' into a binary number group [0x61, 0x62, 0x63] through a rule of UTF8 encoding, then calculates a length value 3 of the character string 'abc', repeats the above operations, and completes processing on the entry < password, ABCD >, wherein the field code corresponding to the field name 'password' is 0x02, and the character string 'ABCD' is converted into the binary number group [0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44 ].
The client side assembles the binary data coded by each entry into a data unit, firstly, a memory of the data unit is created, then the binary coded data corresponding to the entry < user, abc > is copied to the initial position of the memory of the data unit, then the binary coded data corresponding to the entry < password, ABCD > is sequentially copied to the memory, and after the operations are completed, the data of the data unit are respectively: data unit 1 [0x01, 0x03, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63] and data unit 2 [0x02, 0x04, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44 ].
The created data unit data of two data units, namely, data unit 1 and data unit 2, are merged into a data body, where the data of the data body is [0x01, 0x03, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0x02, 0x04, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44], then the length of the data body is calculated to be 11 bytes, and assuming that the data header is a fixed value [0xFF, 0xEE ] of two bytes, the data header, the data length, and the data body are assembled to form a transmission data packet [0xFF, 0xEE, 0x0B, 0x01, 0x03, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0x02, 0x04, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44 ].
In order to completely receive data, the server firstly creates a receiving buffer area, when two bytes of data are received in the buffer area, the received data is compared with [0xFF, 0xEE ], and if the two bytes of data do not match with each other, the data is discarded; if the data in the data volume is not completely received, the data in the data volume is [0x01, 0x03, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0x02, 0x04, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44 ].
The data unit is parsed from the data of the data body T, and the data [0x01, 0x03, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63] of the data unit 1 and the data [0x02, 0x04, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44] of the data unit 2 are respectively parsed according to the field code, the field length and the sequence of the field content.
The data [0x01, 0x03, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63] of the data unit 1 is parsed, a hash table H { < user, 0x01>, < password, 0x02> }issearched according to a field code 0x01, a corresponding field name "user" is obtained, then UTF8 is provided to decode [0x61, 0x62, 0x63], a field value "ABC" is obtained, the same operation is performed on the data [0x02, 0x04, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44] of the data unit 2, and a KeyValue object is created according to the data after the data unit 1 and the data unit 2 are parsed, and the value of the object is { user, ABC >, < password, ABC > }.
Traversing the data in the KeyValue, issuing key values and value values for extracting the Hash table, and splicing the values into text data "user ═ abc, password ═ ABCD".
The invention has the advantages and obvious effects that: the method transmits the text data at the client and the server in a self-defined message format mode, thereby not only avoiding the low efficiency of XML format data analysis, but also avoiding the problem that JSON format data serialization and deserialization occupy larger system resources, and having the advantages of high transmission efficiency, simple implementation mode, strong expansibility and the like; the method has high transmission efficiency because of adopting a binary system mode to transmit data, and in addition, the analysis of the text data is realized by establishing a field name and a field code, thereby avoiding the analysis of JSON grammar rules, improving the analysis efficiency, and being a simple and high-efficiency text data transmission method.
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FIG. 1 is a networking environment in which the present invention is useful;
fig. 2 is a message format of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, a TCP protocol is used to transmit data between a client and a server, the client encodes the data in a certain data format and then transmits the encoded data to the server, and the server decodes the data after receiving the data.
Referring to fig. 2, the invention transmits text data at the client and the server by customizing the message format, converts the text data into the format of a data unit, and then transmits the data unit, wherein the message comprises a data head, a data body length and a data body 3. The data head records the byte number of the space occupied by the data body for the positioning mark and the length of the data body, the data body is composed of a plurality of data units, and each data unit comprises 3 types of information of field codes, field lengths and field contents. All data in the message are in binary format, wherein the data header, the data body length and the 'field code' in the data unit are binary numbers with fixed length, the conversion and the analysis of the text data are realized by establishing a corresponding hash relation mode of field names and the field codes, wherein the field names are the hash names of the data represented by the field codes.
The data transmission process is as follows:
step one, a client reads text data into a memory and converts the text data into a KeyValue object, wherein one KeyValue object represents one piece of text data. A KeyValue object is composed of a plurality of entries, each entry is a key-value pair < field name, field content >, and the field name and field content of the key-value pair are both text types.
Step two, the client encodes each entry in the KeyValue object, and the encoding aims to convert the entry of the text type into binary data: the field name is first converted into a binary code (denoted as a), the field contents are then converted into a byte-type tuple (denoted as B), and finally the length of tuple B (denoted as C) is calculated. And repeating the above operations, and performing corresponding processing on all the items in the step one.
And step three, the client side assembles the code A, the array B and the length C into a data unit, wherein the code A corresponds to the field code of the data unit, the length C corresponds to the field length of the data unit, and the array B corresponds to the field content of the data unit. Repeating the above operations to form a data volume (denoted as T), then calculating the length of the data volume (denoted as L), and finally assembling the data head, the data length L and the data volume T into a binary array.
And step four, the client initiates TCP connection to the server, and then sends the binary array to the server.
And step five, after receiving the binary array, the server analyzes the array to respectively analyze the data head, the data length and the data body.
And step six, analyzing the data body to obtain field codes, field lengths and field contents.
And step seven, converting the field codes into field names, then generating KeyValue objects by the field names and the field contents, and finally converting the KeyValue objects into text data.
The above is the transmission process of the text data. The method has the advantages that the data are transmitted in a binary mode, the transmission efficiency is high, in addition, the analysis of the text data is realized by establishing the field name and the field code, the analysis of JSON grammar rules is avoided, the analysis efficiency is improved, and the method is a simple and efficient text data transmission method.
The above seven steps are further explained as follows:
1. and establishing a corresponding relation between the field name and the field code. Assuming that the text data is "user ═ abc and password ═ ABCD", this step establishes a correspondence between field names and field codes through a hash table, and creates hash tables H { < user, 0x01>, < password, 0x02> } corresponding to the text data. This step needs to be performed both on the client side and the server side.
2. The client reads the text data into the memory and converts the text data into a KeyValue object, wherein one KeyValue object represents one piece of text data. The KeyValue object is also a hash table whose contents are { < user, ABC >, < password, ABC > }.
3. The client encodes each entry in the KeyValue object for the purpose of converting the text-type entry into binary data. Firstly, taking out an entry < user, abc >, searching a hash table H to obtain a field code 0x01 corresponding to a field name "user", then converting the character string "abc" into a binary number group [0x61, 0x62, 0x63] through a rule coded by UTF8, and then calculating the length value 3 of the character string "abc". Repeating this step completes the processing of the entry < password, ABCD >, wherein the field corresponding to the field name "password" is encoded as 0x02 and the string "ABCD" is converted into a binary array [0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44 ].
4. The client assembles the binary data encoded by each entry into a data unit. Firstly, a memory of a data unit is created, then binary coding data corresponding to an item < user, abc > is copied to the initial position of the memory of the data unit, and then the binary coding data corresponding to the item < password, ABCD > is sequentially copied to the memory. After the above operations are completed, the data of the data unit are [0x01, 0x03, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63] and [0x02, 0x04, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44], respectively.
5. And the client builds and sends the data message. Firstly, merging the two data unit data created in the third step into a data body, where the data of the data body is [0x01, 0x03, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0x02, 0x04, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44], then calculating the length of the data body to be 11 bytes, and assuming that the data header is a fixed value [0xFF, 0xEE ] of two bytes, assembling the data header, the data length, and the data body to form a transmission data packet [0xFF, 0xEE, 0x0B, 0x01, 0x03, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0x02, 0x04, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44 ].
6. The client initiates a TCP connection to the server and then sends the binary array to the server.
7. The server receives the data. In order to receive data completely, the server side first creates a receive buffer. When two bytes of data are received in the buffer area, comparing the received data with [0xFF, 0xEE ], and if the two bytes of data do not conform to each other, discarding the data; if so, continuing to receive the third byte of data and creating a second buffer based on the third byte of data, the size of the second buffer being determined by the third byte of data. When the second buffer is full, it indicates that the data of the data volume has been completely received, and the data of the data volume is [0x01, 0x03, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0x02, 0x04, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44 ].
8. And analyzing the data unit from the data of the data body. Respectively resolving data [0x01, 0x03, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63] of the data unit 1 and data [0x02, 0x04, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44] of the data unit 2 according to the sequence of [ field code, field length, field content ]
9. And analyzing the data unit to create a KeyValue object. The data [0x01, 0x03, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63] of the data unit 1 is parsed, the hash table H { < user, 0x01>, < password, 0x02> } is looked up according to the field code 0x01 to obtain the corresponding field name "user", and then UTF8 is provided to decode [0x61, 0x62, 0x63] to obtain the field value "abc". The same operation is performed on the data [0x02, 0x04, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44] of the data unit 2, and a KeyValue object is created according to the data parsed by the data unit 1 and the data unit 2, and the value of the object is { < user, ABC >, < password, ABC > }
10. Traversing the data in the KeyValue, issuing key values and value values for extracting the Hash table, and splicing the values into text data "user ═ abc, password ═ ABCD".
Claims (9)
1. A communication text data transmission method based on TCP protocol, client and server end adopt TCP protocol to transmit data, client uses a certain data format to encode data, then sends encoded data to server, server decodes data after receiving data, its characteristic is: the method comprises the steps that text data are transmitted at a client and a server by self-defining a message format, the text data are converted into a data unit format and then transmitted, the message comprises a data head, a data body length and a data body 3 part, the data head is a positioning mark, the data body length records the number of bytes of a data body occupied space, the data body is composed of a plurality of data units, each data unit comprises field codes, field lengths and field content 3 types of information, all data in the message are in a binary format, the data head, the data body length and the field codes in the data units are binary numbers with fixed lengths, the conversion and analysis of the text data are realized by establishing corresponding hash relations of the field names and the field codes, wherein the field names are hash names of the data represented by the field codes;
the data transmission process is as follows:
reading text data into a memory by a client, converting the text data into a KeyValue object, wherein one KeyValue object represents one piece of text data, one KeyValue object comprises a plurality of entries, each entry is a key value pair of a field name and field content, and the field name and the field content of the key value pair are of a text type;
step two, the client encodes each entry in the KeyValue object, and the encoding aims to convert the entry of the text type into binary data: converting the field name into a binary code, recording the binary code as A, converting the field content into a byte-type array, recording the byte-type array as B, calculating the length of the array B, recording the length of the array B as C, repeating the above operations, and performing corresponding processing on all the entries in the step one;
thirdly, the client side assembles the code A, the array B and the length C into a data unit, wherein the code A corresponds to the field code of the data unit, the length C corresponds to the field length of the data unit, the array B corresponds to the field content of the data unit, the operations are repeated to form a data body which is marked as T, then the length of the data body is calculated and marked as L, and finally the data head, the data length L and the data body T are assembled into a binary number array;
step four, the client initiates TCP connection to the server, and then sends the binary array to the server;
after receiving the binary array, the server analyzes the array to respectively analyze a data head, a data length L and a data body T;
analyzing the data body T to obtain field codes, field lengths and field contents;
and step seven, converting the field codes into field names by searching a hash table, then generating KeyValue objects by the field names and the field contents, and finally converting the KeyValue objects into text data.
2. The transmission method of communication text data based on TCP protocol according to claim 1, characterized in that: before the first step is executed, firstly, establishing a corresponding relation between a field name and a field code, assuming that text data is ' user ' abc and ' password ' ABCD ', establishing a corresponding relation between the field name and the field code through a hash table, and establishing hash tables H { < user, 0x01>, < password, 0x02> } corresponding to the text data, wherein the hash tables are required to be executed at a client and a server, and the server and the client both have a uniform hash table; in the first step, the KeyValue object is also a hash table, and the contents of the hash table are { < user, ABC >, < password, ABC > }.
3. The transmission method of communication text data based on TCP protocol according to claim 2, characterized in that: the client encodes each entry in the KeyValue object, firstly takes out the entry < user, abc >, searches a hash table H to obtain a field code 0x01 corresponding to a field name 'user', then converts the character string 'abc' into a binary number group [0x61, 0x62, 0x63] through a rule of UTF8 encoding, then calculates a length value 3 of the character string 'abc', repeats the above operations, and completes processing on the entry < password, ABCD >, wherein the field code corresponding to the field name 'password' is 0x02, and the character string 'ABCD' is converted into the binary number group [0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44 ].
4. The transmission method of communication text data based on TCP protocol according to claim 3, characterized in that: the client side assembles the binary data coded by each entry into a data unit, firstly, a memory of the data unit is created, then the binary coded data corresponding to the entry < user, abc > is copied to the initial position of the memory of the data unit, then the binary coded data corresponding to the entry < password, ABCD > is sequentially copied to the memory, and after the operations are completed, the data of the data unit are respectively: data unit 1 [0x01, 0x03, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63] and data unit 2 [0x02, 0x04, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44 ].
5. The TCP protocol-based communication text data transmission method according to claim 4, characterized in that: merging the created two data unit data of data unit 1 and data unit 2 into a data body, where the data of the data body is [0x01, 0x03, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0x02, 0x04, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44], then calculating the length of the data body to be 11 bytes, and assembling the data head, the data length, and the data body to form a transmission data packet [0xFF, 0xEE, 0x 630 0B, 0x01, 0x03, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0x02, 0x04, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44 ].
6. The transmission method of communication text data based on TCP protocol according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: in order to completely receive data, a server firstly creates a receiving buffer area, when two bytes of data are received in the buffer area, the received data is compared with [0xFF, 0xEE ], and if the two bytes of data do not match with each other, the data is discarded; if the data in the data volume is not completely received, the data in the data volume is [0x01, 0x03, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0x02, 0x04, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44 ].
7. The transmission method of communication text data based on TCP protocol according to claim 6, characterized in that: the data unit is parsed from the data of the data body T, and the data [0x01, 0x03, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63] of the data unit 1 and the data [0x02, 0x04, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44] of the data unit 2 are respectively parsed according to the field code, the field length and the sequence of the field content.
8. The transmission method of communication text data based on TCP protocol according to claim 7, characterized in that: the data [0x01, 0x03, 0x61, 0x62, 0x63] of the data unit 1 is parsed, a hash table H { < user, 0x01>, < password, 0x02> }issearched according to a field code 0x01, a corresponding field name "user" is obtained, then UTF8 is provided to decode [0x61, 0x62, 0x63], a field value "ABC" is obtained, the same operation is performed on the data [0x02, 0x04, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44] of the data unit 2, and a KeyValue object is created according to the data after the data unit 1 and the data unit 2 are parsed, and the value of the object is { user, ABC >, < password, ABC > }.
9. The TCP protocol-based communication text data transmission method according to claim 8, wherein: traversing the data in the KeyValue, issuing key values and value values for extracting the Hash table, and splicing the values into text data "user ═ abc, password ═ ABCD".
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| CN112787978B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2023-04-07 | 上海哔哩哔哩科技有限公司 | Data acquisition method and device, computer equipment and computer-readable storage medium |
| CN112925836A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-06-08 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Data conversion method and equipment |
| CN111680051B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2023-10-20 | 杭州趣链科技有限公司 | Data serialization and deserialization method, device and storage medium |
| CN112907247B (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2024-01-26 | 上海零数众合信息科技有限公司 | Block chain authorization calculation control method |
| CN113608889A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-11-05 | 广州市百果园网络科技有限公司 | Message data processing method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN114222008A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-22 | 杭州当虹科技股份有限公司 | Package and unpacking method based on TCP custom data protocol |
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