CN109818529B - Piezoelectric wind energy collector and control method - Google Patents
Piezoelectric wind energy collector and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109818529B CN109818529B CN201910230723.3A CN201910230723A CN109818529B CN 109818529 B CN109818529 B CN 109818529B CN 201910230723 A CN201910230723 A CN 201910230723A CN 109818529 B CN109818529 B CN 109818529B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a piezoelectric wind energy collector and a control method, and relates to the field of micro energy collection. The piezoelectric wind energy collector includes: a plurality of piezoelectricity power generation portion, the dull and stereotyped initial length of every piezoelectricity power generation portion is all inequality to the wind vibration frequency of every piezoelectricity power generation portion is just also different, and then enlarges the specific wind vibration frequency of piezoelectricity power generation portion, makes piezoelectricity power generation portion maximize be close to the wind vibration frequency, reaches the ideal with wind resonance effect, through the increase amplitude, the ability of the collection electric energy of improvement device when skew with wind resonance frequency. The control method comprises the steps of collecting data of piezoelectric ceramic pieces on flat plates of each piezoelectric power generation part, determining the piezoelectric ceramic piece with the largest power generation through comparison, and adjusting the lengths of the rest flat plates; by adjusting the length of the flat plate, the specific wind vibration frequency of the piezoelectric power generation part after the length of the flat plate is changed is maximally close to the wind vibration frequency, and an ideal wind resonance effect is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of micro energy collection, in particular to a piezoelectric wind energy collector and a control method.
Background
As the "oil crisis" presents a problem of energy shortage, the instability and the limitation of the supply of conventional fossil energy are recognized, and the search for clean renewable energy becomes an important issue in the modern world. Wind energy is used as renewable and pollution-free natural energy, and has attracted the important attention of governments, scientific research institutions and enterprises of all countries again.
Among the many forms of energy that exist in the natural environment, there is a relatively high energy density of the vibrational energy excited by wind energy. The piezoelectric material has many advantages for collecting vibration energy, such as simple structure, no heat generation, no electromagnetic interference, cleanness, environmental protection and the like. The vibration energy is converted into electric energy, and then the electric energy is directly supplied to the microelectronic device through the collecting circuit or is stored in a rechargeable battery, so that the power supply is an ideal power supply for low-power consumption electronic devices.
However, the existing micro wind energy collector can only collect electric energy with higher power under a specific wind vibration frequency, and if the electric energy deviates from the specific wind vibration frequency, the capacity of the wind energy collector for collecting energy is greatly reduced, so that the existing wind energy collector cannot fully utilize the vibration of various wind vibration frequencies existing in the surrounding environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a piezoelectric wind energy collector and a control method thereof, which solve the problem that the vibration of various wind vibration frequencies existing in the surrounding environment cannot be fully utilized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a piezoelectric wind energy collector, comprising: the piezoelectric generator comprises a base support, a resonant cavity, a shell, a piezoelectric power generation part and an air gathering port;
the base support is fixed on the ground surface; the base support is used for supporting the resonant cavity to enable the resonant cavity to be far away from the ground surface;
the resonant cavity is cylindrical, and the cavity wall of the resonant cavity is connected with the base support through a bearing; the resonant cavity is used for placing the piezoelectric power generation part;
the shell is cylindrical, covers the resonant cavity and is movably connected with the base support; the shell is used for protecting the resonant cavity and the piezoelectric power generation part;
a piezoelectric power generation hole is formed in the cavity wall of the resonant cavity, the piezoelectric power generation part slides in the piezoelectric power generation hole along the radial direction of the resonant cavity, one part of the piezoelectric power generation part is located in the resonant cavity, and the other part of the piezoelectric power generation part is located between the resonant cavity and the shell; the piezoelectric power generation part is used for generating power through resonance with wind energy;
the number of the air gathering ports is two, and two ends of the resonant cavity are fixedly connected with one air gathering port respectively; the wind gathering port is used for gathering wind energy.
Optionally, the number of the piezoelectric power generating portions is plural, the number of the piezoelectric power generating holes is the same as the number of the piezoelectric power generating portions, and each of the piezoelectric power generating portions includes: the piezoelectric ceramic plate comprises a flat plate, two bluff bodies and two piezoelectric ceramic plates;
the piezoelectric power generation parts are uniformly arranged on the resonant cavity;
the flat plate slides in the piezoelectric power generation hole; one end of the flat plate is positioned in the resonant cavity, and the other end of the flat plate is positioned between the resonant cavity and the shell;
each flat plate has different length in the resonant cavity;
the piezoelectric ceramic plates are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the flat plate positioned in the resonant cavity;
the flow blocking bodies slide in the piezoelectric power generation holes and are positioned on two sides of the flat plate close to the air gathering port; one end of the flow blocking body is positioned in the resonant cavity, and the other end of the flow blocking body is positioned between the resonant cavity and the shell;
the length of the two choked flow bodies in the resonant cavity is the same as that of the corresponding flat plate.
Optionally, the piezoelectric wind energy collector further comprises: the controller is electrically connected with the bluff body and the flat plate respectively;
the controller is used for controlling the choke body and the length of the part of the flat plate, which is positioned in the resonant cavity.
Optionally, the piezoelectric power generation part further includes: a plurality of displacement sensors; the displacement sensor is arranged at one end of the flat plate between the resonant cavity and the shell, and the choke body is arranged at one end between the resonant cavity and the shell; the displacement sensor is electrically connected with the controller;
the displacement sensor is used for detecting the position information of the flat plate and the bluff body and sending the detected position information to the controller.
Optionally, the piezoelectric wind energy collector further comprises: the motor is respectively connected with the controller, the bluff body and the flat plate;
the motor is used for adjusting the length of the choke body and the part of the flat plate, which is positioned in the resonant cavity.
Optionally, the piezoelectric wind energy collector further comprises: the direction adjusting plate is adhered to the outer surface of one air gathering port;
the direction adjusting plate is used for driving the resonant cavity to rotate under the action of wind power, so that the wind gathering port and the resonant cavity are passively windward.
Optionally, the shape of the flow blocking body is a cylinder, a cuboid or a prism.
A control method of a piezoelectric wind energy collector is applied to the piezoelectric wind energy collector;
the control method comprises the following steps:
controlling a motor to adjust the positions of all the flat plates to an initial state;
collecting voltage values generated by all piezoelectric ceramic pieces;
according to the acquired voltage value, determining a first piezoelectric ceramic piece with the maximum voltage value through comparison;
acquiring data of a first displacement sensor on a flat plate corresponding to the first piezoelectric ceramic piece;
controlling the motor to adjust the positions of all the flat plates according to the data of the first displacement sensor, so that the data of all the displacement sensors are the same as the data of the first displacement sensor;
and after the set time, controlling the motor to adjust the positions of all the flat plates to the initial state, and finishing the primary piezoelectric wind energy collecting process.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention discloses a piezoelectric wind energy collector and a control method thereof, the piezoelectric wind energy collector comprises a plurality of piezoelectric power generation parts, the initial length of each flat plate of each piezoelectric power generation part is different, so that the wind vibration frequency of each piezoelectric power generation part is different, the specific wind vibration frequency of the piezoelectric power generation parts is further expanded, the piezoelectric power generation parts are close to the wind vibration frequency to the maximum extent, an ideal wind resonance effect is achieved, and the capacity of collecting electric energy when the device deviates from the wind resonance frequency is improved by increasing the amplitude. The control method comprises the steps of collecting data of piezoelectric ceramic pieces on flat plates of each piezoelectric power generation part, determining the piezoelectric ceramic piece with the largest power generation through comparison, and adjusting the lengths of the rest flat plates; by adjusting the length of the flat plate, the specific wind vibration frequency of the piezoelectric power generation part after the length of the flat plate is changed is maximally close to the wind vibration frequency, and an ideal wind resonance effect is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a structural view of a piezoelectric wind energy collector provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a piezoelectric wind energy collector provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an automatic wind direction adjustment principle provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view A-A' of a collector resonator provided in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a single piezoelectric power generation part in the piezoelectric wind energy collector provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a piezoelectric wind energy collector control method provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a piezoelectric power generation section power collection circuit provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a diagram before adjustment of the structural distribution of the piezoelectric power generating portion provided in embodiment 3 of the invention;
fig. 9 is a diagram of the piezoelectric power generating part provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention after adjustment of the structural distribution.
Wherein, 1, a shell; 2. a wind gathering port; 3. a resonant cavity; 4. a bluff body; 5. a flat plate; 6. a direction adjusting plate; 7. a base support; 8. piezoelectric ceramic plates; A-A' is a section of the resonant cavity of the collector; 9. a storage battery; 10. i group piezoelectric power generation part; 11. II groups of piezoelectric power generation parts; 12. group III piezoelectric power generation parts; 13. IV group piezoelectric power generation part; 14. v groups of piezoelectric power generation parts; 15. VI group piezoelectric power generation part; 16. VII, a piezoelectric power generation part is assembled; 17. and VIII groups of piezoelectric power generation parts.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a piezoelectric wind energy collector, and fig. 1 is a structural diagram of the piezoelectric wind energy collector provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention; fig. 2 is a side view of a piezoelectric wind energy collector provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention, and referring to fig. 1 and 2, a piezoelectric wind energy collector includes: the device comprises a base support 7, a resonant cavity 3, a shell 1, a piezoelectric power generation part and a wind gathering port 2.
The base support 7 is fixed on the ground surface. The base bracket 7 includes: the base is fixed on the ground, and the pillar is connected with the resonant cavity 3 through a bearing.
The base support 7 is used for supporting the resonant cavity 3 to keep the resonant cavity 3 away from the ground surface.
The resonant cavity 3 is cylindrical, the cavity wall of the resonant cavity 3 is connected with the base support 7 through a bearing, the cavity wall of the resonant cavity 3 is further connected with the pillar of the base support 7 through a bearing, and the bearing preferably selects a rolling bearing with small friction resistance and excellent starting performance and bearing performance; the resonant cavity 3 is used for placing the piezoelectric power generation part.
The shell 1 is cylindrical, and the shell 1 covers the resonant cavity 3 and is movably connected with the base support 7; the housing 1 protects the resonant cavity 3 and the piezoelectric power generating portion.
The number of the air gathering ports 2 is two, and two ends of the resonant cavity 3 are respectively fixedly connected with one air gathering port 2; the wind gathering port 2 is used for gathering natural wind and collecting wind energy. The shape of the air gathering opening 2 can be horn shape or hemispherical shape.
The piezoelectric wind energy collector further comprises: the direction adjusting plate 6 is characterized in that the length of the direction adjusting plate 6 is larger than the maximum diameter of the air gathering port 2, and the direction adjusting plate 6 is adhered to the outer surface of one air gathering port 2; the direction adjusting plate 6 is used for driving the resonant cavity 3 to rotate under the action of wind power, so that the wind gathering port 2 and the resonant cavity 3 are passively faced with the wind.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an automatic wind direction adjustment principle in embodiment 1 of the present invention, and referring to fig. 3, a straight line arrow in the diagram indicates a wind direction of natural wind, a rotation arrow indicates a rotation direction of a piezoelectric wind energy collector, one side of a resonant cavity 3 is fixedly connected with a common wind gathering port 2, the other side is the wind gathering port 2 adhered to a direction adjusting plate 6, the direction adjusting plate 6 generates a moment effect under the action of wind force to drive an upper portion whole body including the resonant cavity 3 to rotate relative to a base support 7, so that the wind gathering port 2 and the resonant cavity 3 are moved to face the wind direction, and wind energy is utilized to the maximum extent. Wherein, the wind gathering openings 2 at the two sides of the resonant cavity 3 can face the wind from the front.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view a-a' of a collector resonator provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention, and referring to fig. 4, a wall of a resonator 3 is provided with a piezoelectric power generating hole, a piezoelectric power generating portion slides in the piezoelectric power generating hole in a radial direction of the resonator 3, a part of the piezoelectric power generating portion is located in the resonator 3, and another part of the piezoelectric power generating portion is located between the resonator 3 and a housing 1.
The piezoelectric power generation part is used for generating power through resonance with wind energy.
The number of the piezoelectric power generation parts is multiple, the number of the piezoelectric power generation holes is the same as that of the piezoelectric power generation parts, the piezoelectric power generation holes are arranged corresponding to the piezoelectric power generation parts, and only one piezoelectric power generation part is arranged in each piezoelectric power generation hole. Each of the piezoelectric power generating portions includes: a flat plate 5, two bluff bodies 4 and two piezoceramics plates 8. Each piezoelectric power generation hole includes: the plate hole and the two fluid-resisting holes are arranged on the same horizontal line, and the plate hole is positioned between the two fluid-resisting holes.
The shape of the bluff body 4 can be a cylinder or a cuboid or a prism.
The piezoelectric power generation parts are uniformly arranged on the resonant cavity 3 and slide in the piezoelectric power generation holes along the radial direction of the resonant cavity 3.
The flat plate 5 of the piezoelectric power generation part is arranged in the corresponding flat plate hole of the piezoelectric power generation hole, and the flat plate 5 slides in the flat plate hole along the radial direction of the resonant cavity 3; one end of the plate 5 is located in the resonant cavity 3 and the other end of the plate 5 is located between the resonant cavity 3 and the housing 1.
The length of the flat plate 5 of each piezoelectric power generation section within the resonant cavity 3 is different.
The piezoelectric ceramic plates 8 are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the flat plate 5 positioned in the resonant cavity 3.
The choker bodies 4 of the piezoelectric power generation part are arranged in choker holes of the piezoelectric power generation hole, only one choker body 4 is arranged in each choker hole, the choker bodies 4 slide in the choker holes along the radial direction of the resonant cavity 3, and the two choker bodies 4 are respectively positioned on two sides of the flat plate 5 close to the air gathering port 2; one end of the flow blocking body 4 is positioned in the resonant cavity 3, and the other end of the flow blocking body 4 is positioned between the resonant cavity 3 and the shell 1.
The length of the two chokes 4 in the resonant cavity 3 is the same as the length of the corresponding flat plate 5. When the length of the flat plate is changed, the length of the two bluff bodies corresponding to the flat plate, which are positioned in the resonant cavity, is changed along with the change of the length of the flat plate.
In this embodiment 1, a specific implementation manner of power generation by a piezoelectric power generation unit is provided, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a single piezoelectric power generation unit in a piezoelectric wind energy collector provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention, and referring to fig. 5, an arrow direction in the figure indicates a wind direction of natural wind, when natural wind flows through a choke body 4 located inside a resonant cavity 3 at a certain speed, a vortex is formed behind the choke body 4 and falls off, the vortex alternately appears and falls off asymmetrically behind the choke body 4, so that pressures applied to upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric power generation unit periodically change, under the action of the periodically changing pulsating pressure, the flat plate 5 generates forced vibration, the piezoelectric ceramic plate 8 vibrates along with the flat plate 5, and the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramic plate 8 converts vibration into electric energy, thereby realizing energy conversion and wind energy collection and utilization.
The base support 7, the resonant cavity 3 and the air gathering port 2 are made of light aluminum alloy, the flow blocking body 4 is made of acrylic material, and the flat plate 5 is made of red copper. The materials are selected to be light and practical.
The piezoelectric wind energy collector further comprises: and the controller is electrically connected with the bluff body 4 and the flat plate 5 respectively.
The controller is used for controlling the length of the part of the choke body 4 and the flat plate 5, which is positioned in the resonant cavity 3.
The piezoelectric power generation section further includes: a plurality of displacement sensors; the number of the displacement sensors is the same as the sum of the number of the flat plates 5 and the number of the flow blocking bodies 4, each flat plate 5 and each flow blocking body 4 are respectively provided with one displacement sensor, the displacement sensors are respectively arranged at one end of the flat plate 5 between the resonant cavity 3 and the shell 1, and the flow blocking bodies 4 are arranged at one end between the resonant cavity 3 and the shell 1; the displacement sensor is electrically connected with the controller.
The displacement sensor is used for detecting the position information of the flat plate 5 and the bluff body 4 and sending the detected position information to the controller.
The piezoelectric wind energy collector further comprises: and the motor is respectively connected with the bluff body 4 and the flat plate 5 and is electrically connected with the controller.
The motor is used for adjusting the length of the part of the choke body 4 and the flat plate 5, which is positioned in the resonant cavity 3. The motors are linear motors, the number of the linear motors is the same as the sum of the number of the flat plates 5 and the number of the bluff bodies 4, and each flat plate 5 and each bluff body 4 are connected with one linear motor. The length of the part of the motor adjusting plate 5, which is positioned in the resonant cavity 3, is the same as the length of the part of the choke body 4, which is corresponding to the adjusting plate 5, which is positioned in the resonant cavity 3.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a piezoelectric wind energy collector control method applied to the piezoelectric wind energy collector of embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a control method of a piezoelectric wind energy collector according to embodiment 2 of the present invention, and referring to fig. 6, the control method includes:
And step 203, determining the first piezoelectric ceramic piece with the maximum voltage value through comparison according to the acquired voltage value.
And step 204, acquiring data of a first displacement sensor on the flat plate corresponding to the first piezoelectric ceramic piece.
And step 205, controlling the motor to adjust the positions of all the flat plates according to the data of the first displacement sensor, so that the data of all the displacement sensors are the same as the data of the first displacement sensor. After controlling the motor to adjust the positions of all the flat plates, the method further comprises the following steps: and controlling the motor to adjust the positions of all the flow blocking bodies so that the positions of the flow blocking bodies are the same as the positions of the corresponding flat plates.
And step 206, after the set time, controlling the motor to adjust the positions of all the flat plates to the initial state, and completing the primary piezoelectric wind energy collecting process. After controlling the motor to adjust the positions of all the flat plates to the initial state, the method further comprises the following steps: and controlling the motor to adjust the positions of all the bluff bodies to an initial state.
Example 3
The present embodiments provide an adaptively adjustable piezoelectric wind energy harvester, comprising: the device comprises a base support, a resonant cavity, a shell, a piezoelectric power generation part and an air gathering port.
The base support is fixed on the ground surface; the base support includes: the support comprises a base and a support column, wherein the bottom end of the support column is fixed in the center of the base, the height of a base support is 1.5 m, and the diameter of the support column is 0.15 m; the base is fixed on the ground, and the top end of the support column is connected with the resonant cavity through a bearing; the base support is used for supporting the resonant cavity and enabling the resonant cavity to be far away from the ground surface. The resonant cavity can freely rotate 360 degrees relative to the base support.
The resonant cavity is cylindrical, the cavity wall of the resonant cavity is connected with the base support through a bearing, and the cavity wall of the resonant cavity is further connected with the top end of the support column through a bearing. The resonant cavity is used for placing the piezoelectric power generation part; outer diameter D of resonant cavityOuter cover400 mm, 25mm wall thickness s, the internal diameter D of the cavityInner part350mm and 600 mm.
The shell is cylindrical, covers the resonant cavity and is movably connected with the base support; the shell is used for protecting the resonant cavity, the piezoelectric power generation part and the like from being blown by wind and rain, so that the service life of the piezoelectric wind energy collector is prolonged; the outer surface of the shell is also provided with a sensor system which is used for measuring surface information such as plane temperature, humidity, wind speed and the like; the sensor system is electrically connected with the piezoelectric power generation part, and the piezoelectric power generation part supplies power to the sensor system.
The cavity wall of resonant cavity is equipped with the piezoelectricity and generates electricity the hole, and piezoelectricity electricity generation portion slides in the piezoelectricity generates electricity the hole along the radial of resonant cavity, and a part of piezoelectricity electricity generation portion is in the resonant cavity, and another part of piezoelectricity electricity generation portion is in between resonant cavity and shell. The piezoelectric power generation part is used for generating power through resonance with wind energy.
The number of the piezoelectric power generation parts is multiple, the number of the piezoelectric power generation holes is the same as that of the piezoelectric power generation parts, the piezoelectric power generation holes are arranged corresponding to the piezoelectric power generation parts, and only one piezoelectric power generation part is arranged in each piezoelectric power generation hole; each of the piezoelectric power generating portions includes: the piezoelectric ceramic plate comprises a flat plate, two bluff bodies and two piezoelectric ceramic plates; each piezoelectric power generation part generates power independently without influencing each other; each piezoelectric power generation hole includes: the plate hole and the two fluid-resisting holes are arranged on the same horizontal line, and the plate hole is positioned between the two fluid-resisting holes.
The shape of the flow blocking body can be a cylinder or a cuboid or a prism.
The piezoelectric power generation parts are uniformly arranged on the resonant cavity and slide in the piezoelectric power generation holes along the radial direction of the resonant cavity.
The flat plate of the piezoelectric power generation part is arranged in the flat plate hole of the corresponding piezoelectric power generation hole, and the flat plate slides in the flat plate hole along the radial direction of the resonant cavity; one end of the flat plate is positioned in the resonant cavity, and the other end of the flat plate is positioned between the resonant cavity and the shell.
The length of the flat plate of each piezoelectric power generation part in the resonant cavity is different.
The piezoelectric ceramic plates are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the flat plate positioned in the resonant cavity.
The flow blocking bodies of the piezoelectric power generation part are arranged in flow blocking holes of the piezoelectric power generation hole, only one flow blocking body is arranged in each flow blocking hole, the flow blocking bodies slide in the flow blocking body holes along the radial direction of the resonant cavity, and the two flow blocking bodies are respectively positioned on two sides of the flat plate close to the air gathering port; one end of the flow blocking body is positioned in the resonant cavity, and the other end of the flow blocking body is positioned between the resonant cavity and the shell.
The length of the two choked flow bodies in the resonant cavity is always the same as that of the corresponding flat plate. When the length of the flat plate is changed, the length of the two bluff bodies corresponding to the flat plate, which are positioned in the resonant cavity, is changed along with the change of the length of the flat plate.
When natural wind flows through the spoilers located in the resonant cavity at a certain speed, vortices are formed behind the spoilers and fall off, the vortices alternately appear and fall off asymmetrically behind the spoilers, pressure on the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric power generation part periodically changes, the flat plate generates forced vibration under the action of the periodic pulsating pressure, the piezoelectric ceramic plate vibrates along with the flat plate, the vibration is converted into electric energy by the positive piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramic plate, and therefore energy conversion and collection and utilization of the electric energy are achieved.
Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of the piezoelectric power generation unit collecting electric energy according to embodiment 3 of the present invention, referring to fig. 7, in which a piezoelectric ceramic plate is connected to a storage battery 9 through a wire to form a circuit, and the storage battery 9 guides out and stores electric energy converted by the piezoelectric ceramic plate; each one of which isThe piezoelectric ceramic plates in the piezoelectric power generation part are all connected with the storage battery 9 through leads. The storage battery 9 can be placed on the base, and the storage battery 9 can be detached. The accumulator 9 is preferably a lead-acid accumulator with spongy lead as negative electrode, lead dioxide (PbO)2) As the anode, the electrolyte has a density of 1.25-1.28 g/cm3Sulfuric acid solution of (1).
The number of the air gathering ports is two, and two ends of the resonant cavity are fixedly connected with one air gathering port respectively. The wind gathering port is used for gathering natural wind and collecting wind energy. The shape of the air gathering opening can be horn shape or hemispherical shape.
The base support, the resonant cavity and the air gathering port are made of light aluminum alloy, the flow blocking body is made of acrylic material, and the flat plate is made of red copper. The materials are selected to be light and practical.
The piezoelectric wind energy collector further comprises: the length of the direction adjusting plate is greater than the maximum diameter of the air gathering port, and the direction adjusting plate is adhered to the outer surface of one air gathering port or fixedly connected with the outer surface of the air gathering port; the surface of the direction adjusting plate is vertical to the ground.
The direction adjusting plate is used for driving the resonant cavity to rotate under the action of wind power, so that the wind gathering port and the resonant cavity are passively windward. One side of the resonant cavity is fixedly connected with a common air gathering port, the other side of the resonant cavity is provided with an air gathering port adhered with a direction adjusting plate, and the direction adjusting plate can generate a moment effect under the action of wind power to drive the whole upper part including the resonant cavity to rotate relative to the base support, so that one air gathering port and the resonant cavity face the wind passively and are opposite to the wind direction, and the wind energy is utilized to the maximum extent. Wherein, the wind gathering openings at the two sides of the resonant cavity can face the wind from the front.
The piezoelectric wind energy collector further comprises: and the controller is electrically connected with the flow blocking body and the flat plate respectively.
The controller is used for controlling the length of the part of the choke body and the flat plate, which is positioned in the resonant cavity.
The piezoelectric power generation section further includes: a plurality of displacement sensors; the number of the displacement sensors is the same as the sum of the number of the flat plates and the number of the flow blocking bodies, each flat plate and each flow blocking body are respectively provided with one displacement sensor, the displacement sensors are respectively arranged at one end of the flat plate between the resonant cavity and the shell, and the flow blocking bodies are arranged at one end between the resonant cavity and the shell; the displacement sensor is electrically connected with the controller.
The displacement sensor is used for detecting the position information of the flat plate and the bluff body and sending the detected position information to the controller.
The piezoelectric wind energy collector further comprises: the motor is respectively connected with the bluff body and the flat plate and is electrically connected with the controller.
The motor is used for adjusting the lengths of the parts of the flow blocking body and the flat plate, which are positioned in the resonant cavity; the motor selects linear motors, the number of the linear motors is the same as the sum of the number of the flat plates and the number of the bluff bodies, and each flat plate and each bluff body are connected with one linear motor.
The controller and linear motor may be disposed in a space between the housing and the resonant cavity.
The invention provides a specific implementation mode of a self-adaptive adjustable piezoelectric wind energy collector, wherein the number of piezoelectric power generation parts is eight, and the eight groups of piezoelectric power generation parts are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of a resonant cavity; each group of piezoelectric power generation parts all includes: the piezoelectric ceramic plate comprises a flat plate, two bluff bodies and two piezoelectric ceramic plates; the size of the flat plate is 120mm multiplied by 26.5mm multiplied by 0.2mm, and the material is red copper.
The eight flat plates are respectively a plate I, a plate II, a plate III, a plate IV, a plate V, a plate VI, a plate VII and a plate VIII. The eight flat plates have different lengths in the resonant cavity, and the lengths of the eight flat plates are L in sequenceⅠ＝90mm、LⅡ＝85mm、LⅢ＝80mm、LⅣ＝75mm、LⅤ＝70mm、LⅥ＝65mm、LⅦ＝60mm、LⅧThe plates are distributed in the resonant cavity in a staggered length of 55mm, and the mutual positions of the plates are not interfered.
The upper and lower surfaces of the flat plate in the resonant cavity are adhered with piezoelectric ceramic pieces, and the size of the piezoelectric ceramic pieces is 30mm multiplied by 16mm multiplied by 0.5 mm. The bluff body is a cylinder made of acrylic materials, the diameter D is 15mm, the length L is 120mm, and the bluff bodies on two sides of the flat plate share the same flat plate.
The eight groups of piezoelectric power generation parts generate power independently without influencing each other; when natural wind enters from one end of the resonant cavity through the wind gathering port, the piezoelectric power generation part on the corresponding side is excited to generate voltage and current.
The length of 8 flat plates in the resonant cavity satisfies LⅠ-LⅡ＝LⅡ-LⅢ＝LⅢ-LⅣ＝LⅣ-LⅤ＝LⅤ-LⅥ＝LⅥ-LⅦ＝LⅦ-LⅧThe length of the flat plate is on different levels, so that the response range of the wind vibration resonance frequency can be enlarged, and the capability of collecting electric energy when the flat plate deviates from the resonance frequency is improved. The length of the two choked flow bodies corresponding to each flat plate in the resonant cavity is the same as that of the flat plate. 8 flat plates are distributed in the resonant cavity according to a certain arrangement rule, namely eight flat plates share one circle center, and are clockwise I plate, VIII plate, II plate, VII plate, III plate, VI plate, IV plate and V plate in sequence, so that the space can be utilized to the maximum extent.
The specific adjusting process of the piezoelectric wind energy collector is as follows:
fig. 8 is a diagram before adjustment of the structural distribution of the piezoelectric power generating part provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention, and referring to fig. 8, when natural wind enters from one end of the resonant cavity through the wind gathering port, 8 flat piezoelectric power generating parts with different lengths will generate 8 voltages at the same time, and the voltage generated by the piezoelectric ceramic plate on the flat plate i of the group i piezoelectric power generating part 10 is VⅠThe voltage generated by the piezoelectric ceramic plate on the flat plate II of the II groups of piezoelectric power generation parts 11 is VⅡThe voltage generated by the piezoelectric ceramic plate on the flat plate III of the group III piezoelectric power generation part 12 is VⅢThe voltage generated by the piezoelectric ceramic plate on the flat plate IV plate of the IV group piezoelectric power generation part 13 is VⅣThe voltage generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet on the flat plate V plate of the V-group piezoelectric power generation part 14 is VⅤVI, the voltage generated by the piezoelectric ceramic piece on the flat plate VI of the piezoelectric power generation part 15 is VⅥThe voltage generated by the piezoelectric ceramic plate on the flat plate VII of the VII group piezoelectric power generation part 16 is VⅦThe voltage generated by the piezoelectric ceramic piece on the flat plate VIII plate of the VIII group piezoelectric power generation part 17 is VⅧI.e. generating a set of voltages V ═ VⅠ，VⅡ，VⅢ，VⅣ，VⅤ，VⅥ，VⅦ，VⅧ}. The controller obtains the set of voltages V ═ VⅠ，VⅡ，VⅢ，VⅣ，VⅤ，VⅥ，VⅦ，VⅧAnd selecting the maximum voltage from the set of voltages, i.e. Vmax∈{VⅠ，VⅡ，VⅢ，VⅣ，VⅤ，VⅥ，VⅦ，VⅧ}。
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the piezoelectric power generating part of example 3 of the present invention after adjusting the structural distribution, and referring to FIG. 9, it is assumed that the voltage V generated by the I plateⅠ＝VmaxThen the controller obtains the data of displacement sensor on I board, control linear electric motor make II boards, III boards, IV boards, V board, VI board, VII board, VIII board stretch out the length of resonant cavity inner wall equal with I board stretch out the length of resonant cavity inner wall, satisfy L promptlyⅡ＝LⅢ＝LⅣ＝LⅤ＝LⅥ＝LⅦ＝LⅧ＝LⅠWhen the data detected by each displacement sensor is the same as the data of the displacement sensors on the plate I, the controller stops controlling the linear motor to move the flat plate.
When the data detected by each displacement sensor is the same as the data of the displacement sensor on the plate I, the vibration frequency of the plate I, the plate II, the plate III, the plate IV, the plate V, the plate VI, the plate VII and the plate VIII is the closest to the wind vibration frequency, each flat plate is closest to ideal resonance, the piezoelectric power generation effect is the best at the moment, and the length of each flat plate extending out of the inner wall of the resonant cavity is kept for two hours.
After two hours, the controller controls the linear motor to restore the length of each flat plate to the initial calibrated length LⅠ＝90mm、LⅡ＝85mm、LⅢ＝80mm、LⅣ＝75mm、LⅤ＝70mm、LⅥ＝65mm、LⅦ＝60mm、LⅧ＝55mm。
The controller acquires the voltage generated by the piezoelectric ceramic pieces on each flat plate again, selects the maximum voltage, acquires the data of the displacement sensor corresponding to the flat plate to which the piezoelectric ceramic piece generating the maximum voltage belongs, and then controls the linear motor to adjust the extension length of each flat plate so that all flat plates achieve maximum resonance; the piezoelectric acquisition process forms a cycle every two hours. When the wind vibration frequency is matched with the natural frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator of the piezoelectric ceramic piece of the piezoelectric wind energy collector of the present embodiment, the output power of the piezoelectric ceramic piece reaches the maximum, which is about 0.6 mW.
The number of the flat plates is based on 8 flat plates, and can be increased or decreased along with the actual situation; the extension lengths of the flow blocking body and the flat plate are controlled by a controller; the whole size of the piezoelectric ceramic plate is smaller than that of the flat plate, and the thickness of the flat plate is smaller; the flow blocking body can be a cylinder, a cuboid or a prism. In addition, when the length of the flat plate and the fluid-blocking body in the resonant cavity reaches a specified value, the resonant cavity can clamp and fix the flat plate and the fluid-blocking body.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A piezoelectric wind energy collector, comprising: the piezoelectric generator comprises a base support, a resonant cavity, a shell, a piezoelectric power generation part and an air gathering port;
the base support is fixed on the ground surface; the base support is used for supporting the resonant cavity to enable the resonant cavity to be far away from the ground surface;
the resonant cavity is cylindrical, and the cavity wall of the resonant cavity is connected with the base support through a bearing; the resonant cavity is used for placing the piezoelectric power generation part;
the shell is cylindrical, covers the resonant cavity and is movably connected with the base support; the shell is used for protecting the resonant cavity and the piezoelectric power generation part;
a piezoelectric power generation hole is formed in the cavity wall of the resonant cavity, the piezoelectric power generation part slides in the piezoelectric power generation hole along the radial direction of the resonant cavity, one part of the piezoelectric power generation part is located in the resonant cavity, and the other part of the piezoelectric power generation part is located between the resonant cavity and the shell; the piezoelectric power generation part is used for generating power through resonance with wind energy;
the number of the air gathering ports is two, and two ends of the resonant cavity are fixedly connected with one air gathering port respectively; the wind gathering port is used for gathering wind energy.
2. The piezoelectric wind energy collector according to claim 1, wherein the number of the piezoelectric power generating portions is plural, the number of the piezoelectric power generating holes is the same as the number of the piezoelectric power generating portions, each of the piezoelectric power generating portions includes: the piezoelectric ceramic plate comprises a flat plate, two bluff bodies and two piezoelectric ceramic plates;
the piezoelectric power generation parts are uniformly arranged on the resonant cavity;
the flat plate slides in the piezoelectric power generation hole; one end of the flat plate is positioned in the resonant cavity, and the other end of the flat plate is positioned between the resonant cavity and the shell;
each flat plate has different length in the resonant cavity;
the piezoelectric ceramic plates are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the flat plate positioned in the resonant cavity;
the flow blocking bodies slide in the piezoelectric power generation holes and are positioned on two sides of the flat plate close to the air gathering port; one end of the flow blocking body is positioned in the resonant cavity, and the other end of the flow blocking body is positioned between the resonant cavity and the shell;
the length of the two choked flow bodies in the resonant cavity is the same as that of the corresponding flat plate.
3. The piezoelectric wind energy collector of claim 2, further comprising: the controller is electrically connected with the bluff body and the flat plate respectively;
the controller is used for controlling the choke body and the length of the part of the flat plate, which is positioned in the resonant cavity.
4. The piezoelectric wind energy collector of claim 3, wherein the piezoelectric power generation section further comprises: a plurality of displacement sensors; the displacement sensor is arranged at one end of the flat plate between the resonant cavity and the shell, and the choke body is arranged at one end between the resonant cavity and the shell; the displacement sensor is electrically connected with the controller;
the displacement sensor is used for detecting the position information of the flat plate and the bluff body and sending the detected position information to the controller.
5. The piezoelectric wind energy collector of claim 4, further comprising: the motor is respectively connected with the controller, the bluff body and the flat plate;
the motor is used for adjusting the length of the choke body and the part of the flat plate, which is positioned in the resonant cavity.
6. The piezoelectric wind energy collector of claim 1, further comprising: the direction adjusting plate is adhered to the outer surface of one air gathering port;
the direction adjusting plate is used for driving the resonant cavity to rotate under the action of wind power, so that the wind gathering port and the resonant cavity are passively windward.
7. The piezoelectric wind collector of claim 2, wherein the bluff body is in the shape of a cylinder or prism.
8. A piezoelectric wind energy collector control method, applied to the piezoelectric wind energy collector of any one of claims 5 to 7;
the control method comprises the following steps:
controlling a motor to adjust the positions of all the flat plates to an initial state;
collecting voltage values generated by all piezoelectric ceramic pieces;
according to the acquired voltage value, determining a first piezoelectric ceramic piece with the maximum voltage value through comparison;
acquiring data of a first displacement sensor on a flat plate corresponding to the first piezoelectric ceramic piece;
controlling the motor to adjust the positions of all the flat plates according to the data of the first displacement sensor, so that the data of all the displacement sensors are the same as the data of the first displacement sensor;
and after the set time, controlling the motor to adjust the positions of all the flat plates to the initial state, and finishing the primary piezoelectric wind energy collecting process.
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