CN109818495A - Group string inverter and its boost chopper control method - Google Patents
Group string inverter and its boost chopper control method Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
Provided by the invention group of string inverter and its boost chopper control method determine the first PV voltage range corresponding when current ripples are greater than threshold value first according to ripple current condition is preset；Then in the first PV voltage range, PWM control is carried out to boost chopper with first switch frequency；And in other voltage ranges other than the first PV voltage range, PWM control is carried out to the boost chopper with the frequency lower than the first switch frequency.That is, the present invention when carrying out PWM control to boost chopper, is controlled in the biggish PV voltage range of current ripples using higher switching frequency, to reduce current ripples；And controlled in the lesser PV voltage range of current ripples using lower switching frequency, to reduce switching loss；And then current ripples and switching loss the two restriction conditions can be compatible with.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power electronics field, in particular to a kind of group of string inverter and its boost chopper control
Method.
Background technique
Due to the characteristic of photovoltaic cell itself, maximum power point is between open circuit and short circuit；And with light
According to the variation of equal environment, maximum power point also can constantly change；So it is generally necessary to being carried out by adjusting inverter control
MPPT maximum power point tracking makes its work in maximum power point.
However in practical application, since the characteristic of inverter circuit determines that busbar voltage has to be larger than minimum grid-connected voltage, institute
It cannot be reduced without limitation with busbar voltage, therefore, many inverters increase first class boost copped wave electricity in the prime of inverter circuit
Road；Each Boost circuit in group string inverter as shown in Figure 1, the corresponding PV component of input terminal connection, output end connection are female
Line capacitance, can be in the case where guaranteeing that busbar voltage is constant, and control PV component operation is being lower than at minimum grid-connected voltage, thus
It can be realized larger range of MPPT maximum power point tracking.
Generally use PWM (Pulse Width Modulation, pulse width modulation) mode in the prior art to realize
Control for Boost circuit, and in the design process will be according to the various condition selections one such as cost, device, control bandwidth
A suitable switching frequency, to meet the requirement such as stress, temperature under the operating condition of all permissions.But it is inputted in Boost circuit
In the case that output voltage is constant, for the current ripples for reducing its reactance, then need to improve switching frequency；However switching frequency is got over
Height, the on-off times in the unit time are also more, and corresponding switching loss becomes larger, and wafer temperature increases, and efficiency becomes smaller；Therefore existing
There is technology that can not be compatible with current ripples and switching loss the two restriction conditions.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of group of string inverter and its boost chopper control method, can be compatible with electricity to provide one kind
The boost chopper control program of the two restriction conditions of flow liner wave and switching loss.
To achieve the above object, technical solution provided by the present application is as follows:
One aspect of the present invention provides the boost chopper control method of a kind of group of string inverter, comprising:
According to default ripple current condition, the first PV voltage range corresponding when current ripples are greater than threshold value is determined；
In the first PV voltage range, pulse width modulation is carried out to boost chopper with first switch frequency
PWM control；And in other voltage ranges other than the first PV voltage range, to be lower than the frequency of the first switch frequency
Rate carries out PWM control to the boost chopper.
Preferably, the switching frequency when first switch frequency is the boost chopper conventional operation.
Preferably, lower than the frequency of the first switch frequency are as follows: preset fixed frequency, alternatively, being cut with the boosting
Wave circuit duty ratio and the frequency changed.
Preferably, the boost chopper duty ratio corresponding to the first PV voltage range includes 0.5.
Preferably, the first PV voltage range is (Va, Vb)；
Other voltage ranges other than the first PV voltage range include: the 2nd PV voltage range [0, Va] and the 3rd PV
Voltage range [Vb, Vstart]；
Wherein, Va is the lower limit value of the first PV voltage range, and Vb is the upper limit value of the first PV voltage range,
Vstart is the busbar voltage under described group of string inverter stable state.
Preferably, in the first PV voltage range, it is wide that pulse is carried out to boost chopper with first switch frequency
Spend modulation (PWM) control；And in other voltage ranges other than the first PV voltage range, lower than the first switch frequency
The frequency of rate carries out PWM control to the boost chopper, comprising:
In the 3rd PV voltage range [Vb, Vstart], PWM is carried out to boost chopper with the third switching frequency
Control；In the first PV voltage range (Va, Vb), PWM control is carried out to boost chopper with the first switch frequency；?
In 2nd PV voltage range [0, Va], PWM control is carried out to boost chopper with second switch frequency；
Wherein, the second switch frequency is lower than the first switch frequency, and the third switching frequency is less than or equal to
The first switch frequency.
Preferably, in the 3rd PV voltage range [Vb, Vstart], with the third switching frequency to boost chopper
Carry out PWM control；In the first PV voltage range (Va, Vb), PWM is carried out to boost chopper with the first switch frequency
Control；In the 2nd PV voltage range [0, Va], PWM control is carried out to boost chopper with second switch frequency, comprising:
First with the PWM control under the third switching frequency, control the input voltage of the boost chopper from
Vstart is gradually changed to Vb；
Again with the PWM control under the first switch frequency, control the input voltage of the boost chopper from Vb by
Gradually it is changed to Va；
Finally with the PWM control under the second switch frequency, the input voltage of the boost chopper is controlled from Va
It gradually changes to 0.
Another aspect of the present invention additionally provides a kind of group of string inverter, comprising: controller, bus capacitor branch, inversion electricity
Road, filter circuit and at least one boost chopper；Wherein:
The input terminal of the boost chopper is connected with corresponding PV group string；
The DC side of the output end of the boost chopper and the both ends of bus capacitor branch and the inverter circuit
It is connected；
The midpoint of the bus capacitor branch is connected with the midpoint of the inverter circuit；
The exchange side of the inverter circuit is connected by the filter circuit with power grid；
The controller is used to execute the boost chopper control method of the group string inverter as described in any of the above-described.
The boost chopper control method of provided by the invention group of string inverter, first according to default ripple current item
Part determines the first PV voltage range corresponding when current ripples are greater than threshold value；Then in the first PV voltage range, with
One switching frequency carries out PWM control to boost chopper；And in other voltage ranges other than the first PV voltage range,
PWM control is carried out to the boost chopper with the frequency lower than the first switch frequency.That is, the present invention is to boosting
When chopper circuit carries out PWM control, controlled in the biggish PV voltage range of current ripples using higher switching frequency,
To reduce current ripples；And controlled in the lesser PV voltage range of current ripples using lower switching frequency, with drop
Low switching losses；And then current ripples and switching loss the two restriction conditions can be compatible with.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical solution in order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly or in the prior art to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, it is only this that interior attached drawing, which is described below,
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for the group string inverter that the prior art provides；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the boost chopper control method for the group string inverter that the present patent application embodiment provides；
Fig. 3 is the specific of the boost chopper control method for the group string inverter that another embodiment of the present patent application provides
Flow chart.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present application, technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of embodiments of the present application, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the application, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall in the protection scope of this application.
The present invention provides the boost chopper control method of a kind of group of string inverter, can be compatible with electric current to provide one kind
The boost chopper control program of the two restriction conditions of ripple and switching loss.
The structure of the group string inverter is as shown in Figure 1, comprising: controller (do not show) in figure, bus capacitor branch (C1 and
C2), (i.e. Boost circuit, Fig. 1 is with three boost chopper electricity for inverter circuit, filter circuit and at least one boost chopper
It is shown for road Boost1, Boost2 and Boost3)；Wherein, the input terminal of boost chopper gone here and there with corresponding PV group (or
Person PV component) it is connected；The output end of boost chopper and the both ends of bus capacitor branch and the DC side phase of inverter circuit
Even；The midpoint (tie point of C1 and C2) of bus capacitor branch is connected with the midpoint of inverter circuit；The exchange side of inverter circuit is logical
Filter circuit is crossed to be connected with power grid.In practical application, it is also provided with switch module, for realizing each boost chopper
With the controlled connection between corresponding PV group string.
The prior art to boost chopper hardware parameter and switching frequency be designed when, usually according to permitting
Perhaps worst operating condition designs, but actual conditions are that boost chopper not always works at worst work
Under condition, so it is not very suitable to the design of switching frequency.
Therefore, the controller that string inverter is organized in the present embodiment is keeping its original detection function and inversion control function
On the basis of energy, when controlling boost chopper, mainly by executing group string inverter as shown in Figure 2
Boost chopper control method；Specifically, the boost chopper control method of the group string inverter includes:
S101, basis preset ripple current condition, determine the first voltage zone PV corresponding when current ripples are greater than threshold value
Between；
Under normal circumstances, after boost chopper work, inverter circuit meeting control bus voltage is set as in a fixed value
Vbus, boost chopper can control PV group string voltage power supply in (0, Vbus) range.If electric current is continuous, boost chopper
The switching frequency of pwm signal is fs, switch periods Ts, duty ratio D, then the ripple current calculation formula of boost chopper
It is as follows:
Δ I differentiates to D, it is known that when pole D=0.5 namely D=0.5, current ripples are maximum.
In practical application, the threshold value Δ I ' an of current ripples can be set, when current ripples are more than threshold value Δ I ',
Determine that the PWM control under corresponding switching frequency is unsatisfactory for default ripple current condition；Duty ratio is D ∈ (d1, d2) at this time；
Wherein, duty ratio corresponding when being more than threshold value Δ I ' that d1 is that current ripples are gradually increased to the increase of duty ratio D；
D2 is after current ripples culminate and to gradually decrease to will be less than corresponding when threshold value Δ I ' with the increase of duty ratio D
Duty ratio；If also, the corresponding relationship between duty ratio and current ripples is about pole symmetric, 0.5-d1=d2-
0.5.And when current ripples are lower than the threshold value, determine that the PWM control under corresponding switching frequency is to meet default ripple current item
Part；Duty ratio is the section belonged to other than (d1, d2) at this time.
Since in the course of work of boost chopper, inverter circuit stablizes its busbar voltage, if boost chopper with
The on-off control that the PWM of one fixed switching frequency controls to realize its switching tube, then go here and there with the increase of duty ratio, PV group
Voltage can gradually decrease.That is, under same switching frequency, the voltage of duty ratio and PV the group string of boost chopper pwm signal
Between there are certain corresponding relationships.
Therefore, ripple current condition is preset according to this, can determines duty when current ripples are more than threshold value Δ I '
Belong to section (d1, d2) than D, the corresponding relationship between voltage gone here and there further according to duty ratio and PV group can determine electric current line
When wave is more than threshold value Δ I ', the voltage of PV group string belongs to and section (d1, d2) corresponding first PV voltage range.That is,
Boost chopper duty ratio corresponding to first PV voltage range includes 0.5；If pair between duty ratio and current ripples
It should be related to, and, the corresponding relationship between duty ratio and the voltage of PV group string is then the first PV about pole symmetric
Duty ratio corresponding to the median of voltage range is 0.5.
S102, in the first PV voltage range, with first switch frequency to boost chopper carry out pulse width modulation
PWM control；And in other voltage ranges other than the first PV voltage range, with the frequency lower than first switch frequency to boosting
Chopper circuit carries out PWM control.
When being in 0.5 or so due to duty, current ripples are larger, need to increase switching frequency to reduce reactance ripple electricity
Stream；And other when, in the case where meeting the default ripple current condition, switching frequency is designed smaller, can reduce out
Loss is closed, is improved efficiency, wafer temperature is reduced.
Therefore, the present embodiment is by the functional relation fs=f (D) that establishes between switching frequency and duty ratio, to realize pair
It is controlled in the PWM of each boost chopper；That is: it is 0.5 or so in duty ratio, for example when section (d1, d2), corresponds to PV group
When the voltage of string is belonged in the first PV voltage range, PWM control is carried out to boost chopper with first switch frequency, to reduce
Current ripples；And PV group string voltage belong in other voltage ranges other than the first PV voltage range, with lower than this first
The frequency of switching frequency carries out PWM control to boost chopper, to reduce switching loss；And then can be compatible with current ripples and
The two restriction conditions of switching loss.
When due to boost chopper conventional operation, the switching frequency of pwm signal can satisfy worst operating condition and need
Ask, it is advantageous to, the first switch frequency be boost chopper conventional operation when switching frequency.
And can should be a preset fixed frequency lower than the frequency of first switch frequency, or, or with liter
The frequency pressing chopper circuit duty ratio and changing；As long as guaranteeing to be lower than the first switch frequency, depending on its specific application environment
Depending on, within the scope of protection of this application.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of boost chopper control methods of specific group of string inverter, upper
It states on the basis of embodiment, it is preferred that its first PV voltage range is (Va, Vb)；
Then other voltage ranges other than its first PV voltage range include: the 2nd PV voltage range [0, Va] and the 3rd PV
Voltage range [Vb, Vstart]；
Wherein, Va is the lower limit value of the first PV voltage range, and Vb is the upper limit value of the first PV voltage range, and Vstart is group
The busbar voltage gone here and there under inverter stable state.
Corresponding, the step S102 in Fig. 2 includes:
In the 3rd PV voltage range [Vb, Vstart], PWM control is carried out to boost chopper with third switching frequency
System；In the first PV voltage range (Va, Vb), PWM control is carried out to boost chopper with first switch frequency；In the 2nd PV
In voltage range [0, Va], PWM control is carried out to boost chopper with second switch frequency；
Wherein, second switch frequency is lower than first switch frequency, and third switching frequency is less than or equal to first switch frequency.
Preferably, if each specific steps in step S102 are executed according to sequencing, as shown in Figure 3, comprising:
S201, first with the PWM control under third switching frequency, control the input voltage of boost chopper from Vstart by
Gradually it is changed to Vb；
S202, again with the PWM control under first switch frequency, the input voltage for controlling boost chopper gradually becomes from Vb
Change to Va；
S203, finally with the PWM control under second switch frequency, control the input voltage of boost chopper from Va gradually
It is changed to 0.
It is worth noting that being the open circuit one gone here and there from PV group in the prior art for the IV curved scanning process of PV group string
It directly sweeps to close to short circuit, and recording voltage, electric current in the process.In the process, with the reduction of PV group string voltage, boosting is cut
The duty ratio of wave circuit pwm signal is increasing.Since this process is generally very fast, in boost chopper the electric current of switching tube and
Turn-on time variation acutely, may make wafer temperature excessively high, lead to Module Fail.
And the present embodiment by the IV curved scanning process of boost chopper be divided into three sections: the 3rd PV voltage ranges [Vb,
Vstart], the first PV voltage range (Va, Vb), and, the 2nd PV voltage range [0, Va].
Boost chopper is started to work from the busbar voltage Vstart under group string inverter stable state.Then in electric current
In the lesser 3rd PV voltage range [Vb, Vstart] of ripple, with the PWM control under third switching frequency F3, control boosting is cut
The input voltage of wave circuit is gradually changed from Vstart to Vb；The duty of pwm signal is smaller in this stage, and switching tube generates heat not
Greatly, so third switching frequency F3 can be frequency identical with first switch frequency F1；Certainly, third switching frequency F3
Or the frequency smaller than first switch frequency F1；It is not specifically limited herein, depending on its application environment, in the application
Protection scope in.Then within next stage, i.e., 0.5 or so, current ripples biggish first are in pwm signal duty ratio
In PV voltage range (Va, Vb), with the PWM control under first switch frequency F1, control the input voltage of boost chopper from
Vb is gradually changed to Va.Finally pwm signal duty is bigger, in the lesser 2nd PV voltage range [0, Va] of current ripples,
With the PWM control under second switch frequency F2, the input voltage for controlling boost chopper is gradually changed from Va to 0；Due to this
Second switch frequency F2 is improved efficiency lower than first switch frequency F1 so switching loss can be reduced at this stage, is reduced brilliant
Circle temperature.The switching frequency established and the corresponding relationship of above-mentioned three sections of scanning processes are as shown in table 1:
The corresponding relationship of 1 switching frequency of table and IV curved scanning process
| The PV group string voltage range of boost chopper work | The switching frequency of pwm signal |
| [Vb, Vstart] | F3 |
| (Va, Vb) | F1 |
| [0, Va] | F2 |
In practical application, preferably it sets first switch frequency F1 to switch frequency when boost chopper conventional operation
Rate；And the frequency that will be reduced when being scanned, i.e. third switching frequency F3 and second switch frequency F2, it is a certain suitable to be disposed as
Fixed value；Wherein, which is a fixed value lower than first switch frequency F1, and third switch frequency
Rate F3 is a fixed value less than or equal to first switch frequency F1；Alternatively, can also be by third switching frequency F3 and second
Switching frequency F2 is respectively set to change in duty cycle；It is not specifically limited herein, depending on its application environment, in the application
Protection scope in.
The boost chopper control method of the group string inverter provided in this embodiment, by analyzing different operating condition
Influence of the lower switch frequency size to system is different, by above-mentioned three sections of scanning processes, is no more than threshold value in control current ripples
Under the premise of, the on-off times of boost chopper switching tube are at least reduced in duty ratio larger part, can reduce boost chopper electricity
Total losses of the road in scanning group string IV curve procedures reduce wafer temperature, so that wafer will not reduce the service life because of overheat very
To damage, and without increasing hardware cost, it is conducive to promote.
Another embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of group of string inverter, as shown in Figure 1, comprising: controller (is not opened up in figure
Show), bus capacitor branch (C1 and C2), inverter circuit, (i.e. Boost is electric for filter circuit and at least one boost chopper
Road, Fig. 1 are shown by taking three boost choppers Boost1, Boost2 and Boost3 as an example)；Wherein:
The input terminal of boost chopper is connected with corresponding PV group string；It include multiple series connections in each PV group string
PV component, alternatively, only include a PV component；
The output end of boost chopper is connected with the DC side at the both ends of bus capacitor branch and inverter circuit；
The midpoint (tie point of C1 and C2) of bus capacitor branch is connected with the midpoint of inverter circuit；
The exchange side of inverter circuit is connected by filter circuit with power grid；
In practical application, it is also provided with switch module, is gone here and there for realizing each boost chopper and corresponding PV group
Between controlled connection.
Controller is used to execute the boost chopper control method of the group string inverter as described in above-mentioned any embodiment.
The process and principle of the boost chopper control method of the group string inverter are referring to above-described embodiment, herein
No longer repeat one by one.
Each embodiment is described in a progressive manner in the present invention, the highlights of each of the examples are with other realities
The difference of example is applied, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.For device disclosed in embodiment
Speech, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, so being described relatively simple, related place is referring to method part illustration
?.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not intended to limit the present invention in any form.Though
So the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, and however, it is not intended to limit the invention.It is any to be familiar with those skilled in the art
Member, without departing from the scope of the technical proposal of the invention, all using the methods and technical content of the disclosure above to the present invention
Technical solution makes many possible changes and modifications or equivalent example modified to equivalent change.Therefore, it is all without departing from
The content of technical solution of the present invention, according to the technical essence of the invention any simple modification made to the above embodiment, equivalent
Variation and modification, all of which are still within the scope of protection of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. the boost chopper control method of a kind of group of string inverter characterized by comprising
According to default ripple current condition, the first PV voltage range corresponding when current ripples are greater than threshold value is determined；
In the first PV voltage range, pulse width modulation (PWM) control is carried out to boost chopper with first switch frequency
System；And in other voltage ranges other than the first PV voltage range, to be lower than the frequency pair of the first switch frequency
The boost chopper carries out PWM control.
2. the boost chopper control method of according to claim 1 group of string inverter, which is characterized in that described first
Switching frequency when switching frequency is the boost chopper conventional operation.
3. the boost chopper control method of according to claim 1 group of string inverter, which is characterized in that lower than described
The frequency of first switch frequency are as follows: preset fixed frequency, alternatively, the frequency changed with the boost chopper duty ratio
Rate.
4. the boost chopper control method of according to claim 1 group of string inverter, which is characterized in that described first
The boost chopper duty ratio corresponding to PV voltage range includes 0.5.
5. the boost chopper control method of according to claim 1 to 4 group of string inverter, which is characterized in that institute
Stating the first PV voltage range is (Va, Vb)；
Other voltage ranges other than the first PV voltage range include: the 2nd PV voltage range [0, Va] and the 3rd PV voltage
Section [Vb, Vstart]；
Wherein, Va is the lower limit value of the first PV voltage range, and Vb is the upper limit value of the first PV voltage range, Vstart
For the busbar voltage under described group of string inverter stable state.
6. the boost chopper control method of according to claim 5 group of string inverter, which is characterized in that described
In one PV voltage range, pulse width modulation (PWM) control is carried out to boost chopper with first switch frequency；And described
In other voltage ranges other than one PV voltage range, with the frequency lower than the first switch frequency to the boost chopper electricity
Road carries out PWM control, comprising:
In the 3rd PV voltage range [Vb, Vstart], PWM control is carried out to boost chopper with the third switching frequency
System；In the first PV voltage range (Va, Vb), PWM control is carried out to boost chopper with the first switch frequency；?
In two PV voltage ranges [0, Va], PWM control is carried out to boost chopper with second switch frequency；
Wherein, the second switch frequency is lower than the first switch frequency, and the third switching frequency is less than or equal to described
First switch frequency.
7. the boost chopper control method of according to claim 6 group of string inverter, which is characterized in that in the 3rd PV
In voltage range [Vb, Vstart], PWM control is carried out to boost chopper with the third switching frequency；In the first PV electricity
Between pressure area in (Va, Vb), PWM control is carried out to boost chopper with the first switch frequency；In the 2nd PV voltage range
In [0, Va], PWM control is carried out to boost chopper with second switch frequency, comprising:
First with the PWM control under the third switching frequency, control the input voltage of the boost chopper from Vstart by
Gradually it is changed to Vb；
Again with the PWM control under the first switch frequency, the input voltage for controlling the boost chopper gradually becomes from Vb
Change to Va；
Finally with the PWM control under the second switch frequency, the input voltage of the boost chopper is controlled from Va gradually
It is changed to 0.
8. a kind of group of string inverter characterized by comprising controller, bus capacitor branch, inverter circuit, filter circuit with
And at least one boost chopper；Wherein:
The input terminal of the boost chopper is connected with corresponding PV group string；
The output end of the boost chopper is connected with the DC side at the both ends of bus capacitor branch and the inverter circuit；
The midpoint of the bus capacitor branch is connected with the midpoint of the inverter circuit；
The exchange side of the inverter circuit is connected by the filter circuit with power grid；
The controller is used to execute the boost chopper controlling party of as claimed in claim 1 group of string inverter
Method.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110719038A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2020-01-21 | 华为数字技术（苏州）有限公司 | Control method, device and system of string inverter and storage medium |
| CN112821754A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 深圳市禾望科技有限公司 | Photovoltaic power generation system and control method thereof |
| CN113541470A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-22 | 深圳市禾望科技有限公司 | DC/DC converter, control method thereof and photovoltaic power generation system |
| EP3907882A4 (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2022-05-04 | Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co., Ltd. | Optimizer, photovoltaic power generation system, and i-v curve scanning method for photovoltaic assembly |
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