CN109818146B - Single-medium loaded wide axial ratio beam antenna - Google Patents
Single-medium loaded wide axial ratio beam antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN109818146B CN109818146B CN201910233887.1A CN201910233887A CN109818146B CN 109818146 B CN109818146 B CN 109818146B CN 201910233887 A CN201910233887 A CN 201910233887A CN 109818146 B CN109818146 B CN 109818146B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single-medium loaded wide-axial-ratio beam antenna which comprises a loading medium and a circularly polarized patch antenna. The loading medium comprises a medium block and an air cavity formed in the hollow of the bottom surface. The circularly polarized patch antenna comprises a circular patch, a first dielectric plate, a floor, a second dielectric plate and a single-frequency feed network which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The single-frequency feed network comprises a single-frequency branch line coupler, a feed probe, a grounding short-circuit pin and a matching resistor. The loading medium with the special structure is adopted to realize the good axial ratio beam broadening effect of the traditional circularly polarized patch antenna, and the antenna has the advantages of simple structure, stable gain and small volume, and is very suitable for wide application and popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wide axial ratio beam antennas, in particular to a single-medium loaded wide axial ratio beam antenna.
Background
With the steady promotion of the world economic level, people have higher and higher requirements on the development of wireless communication systems. The propagation of electromagnetic signals in space is increasingly disturbed, which makes a great challenge to the stability of wireless communication systems. For example, in radio frequency identification systems, satellite navigation communication systems, and wireless transmission systems, handheld devices and onboard devices of the systems are often in constant motion, and in this case, a base station antenna is often required to receive or transmit electromagnetic signals in a wide range to achieve uninterrupted communication. The circularly polarized antenna is an important component of modern wireless communication systems, and has unique advantages in communication stability.
The circularly polarized antenna with the wide axial ratio wave beam can effectively transmit or receive electromagnetic signals in a wider range, and large-range communication and point-to-multipoint communication modes are realized. Although the existing single-frequency wide-axial-ratio beam circular polarization technology has more research results, the existing research cannot achieve ideal effects, the axial-ratio beam of the antenna is widened, the structural complexity, the processing difficulty and the application cost are greatly increased, and many index performances cannot be obtained at the same time, so that the wide application of the antenna in a low-cost wireless communication system is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the problems in the prior art, the invention discloses a single-medium loaded wide axial ratio beam antenna which comprises a loading medium and a circularly polarized patch antenna.
Further, the loading medium comprises a medium block and an air cavity formed in the hollow of the bottom surface. The dielectric block is arranged on the upper part of the circularly polarized patch antenna and has a cylindrical shape; the air cavity has a cone shape, the section is an isosceles triangle, the length of the bottom side is equal to the diameter of the bottom surface of the cylinder, and the top end point is connected with the upper bottom surface of the dielectric block.
Further, the circularly polarized patch antenna comprises a circular patch, a first dielectric plate, a floor, a second dielectric plate and a single-frequency feed network which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
Further, the single-frequency feed network comprises a single-frequency branch line coupler, a feed probe, a ground short-circuit pin and a 50 Ω matching resistor. And the single-frequency branch line coupler is fixed on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate. The isolation end of the single-frequency branch line coupler is connected with the floor sequentially through a 50 omega matching resistor and a grounding short-circuit pin.
Furthermore, the circular patch is connected with an output port of the single-frequency branch line coupler through the feed probe, and the output port generates a signal with a constant-amplitude orthogonal phase, so that a circularly polarized wave is formed. And a protective hole is formed in the corresponding position of the feed probe penetrating through the floor, and the diameter of the protective hole is larger than that of the feed probe.
Furthermore, the loading medium is made by 3D printing technology, the dielectric constant of the medium is determined according to the printing material, the included angle between the bottom surface of the medium block and the generatrix of the conical air cavity can be adjusted at will within a certain range, and the medium passes through the E of the circularly polarized wave far fieldθAnd
the difference of the components is obtained, so that the axial ratio beam width of the circular patch is widened, and the included angle between the bottom surface of the medium block and a generatrix of the conical air cavity corresponding to the optimal axial ratio beam width is determined by the dielectric constant of the medium.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the single-medium loaded wide axial ratio beam antenna provided by the invention has the advantages that the traditional circularly polarized patch antenna obtains a good wide axial ratio beam effect due to the adoption of the proposed loading medium with a specific shape, and the antenna is simple in structure, stable in gain, small in size and very suitable for practical large-scale application occasions.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a perspective structural view of a single dielectric loaded wide axial ratio beam antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the single dielectric loaded wide axial ratio beam antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view block diagram of a single dielectric loaded aspect ratio beam antenna of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a standing wave ratio diagram of an example of a single dielectric loaded wide axis ratio beam antenna of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an axial ratio plot and gain plot of an exemplary single dielectric loaded wide axial ratio beam antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph comparing radiation directivity before and after loading a medium for an exemplary single-medium-loaded wide axial ratio beam antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph comparing axial ratio beam widths before and after loading a medium for an exemplary single-medium-loaded wide axial ratio beam antenna of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the antenna comprises a loading medium, 11, a dielectric block, 12, an air cavity, 2, a circularly polarized patch antenna, 21, a circular patch, 22, a first dielectric plate, 23, a floor, 24, a second dielectric plate, 25, a single-frequency feed network, 251, a single-frequency branch line coupler, 252, a feed probe, 253 and a grounding short-circuit pin.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention:
a single dielectric loaded wide aspect ratio beam antenna as shown in figures 1, 2 and 3 comprises a loading medium 1 and a circularly polarised patch antenna 2. The loading medium 1 includes a medium block 11, and an air chamber 12 formed hollow in the bottom surface. The circularly polarized patch antenna 2 comprises a circular patch 21, a first dielectric plate 22, a floor 23, a second dielectric plate 24 and a single-frequency feed network 25 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The single-frequency feed network 25 includes a single-frequency branch line coupler 251, a feed probe 252, a ground shorting pin 253, and a 50 Ω matching resistor.
The technical indexes adopted by the invention are as follows:
center frequency: 1.6GHz
Standing-wave ratio: <1.5:1
Axial ratio: not more than 3dB
Polarization mode: RHCP
Loading a medium material: polylactic acid (PLA)
Dielectric constant of loading medium: 2.75
Antenna gain: the unloaded medium is more than or equal to 5.7 dBi; the number of loading media > is more than or equal to 5.9dBi
Axial ratio beam width: the unloaded medium is more than or equal to 60 degrees; the loading medium is more than or equal to 150 °
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the single-dielectric-loaded wide-axis ratio beam antenna has a cylindrical shape, and the dielectric block 11 is disposed on the upper portion of the circularly polarized patch antenna 2; the air cavity 12 has a conical shape, the cross section of the air cavity is an isosceles triangle, the length of the bottom side of the air cavity is equal to the diameter of the bottom surface of the cylinder, and the top end point of the air cavity is connected with the upper bottom surface of the dielectric block 11. The single-frequency branch line coupler 251 is fixed to the lower surface of the second dielectric plate 24. The isolated end of the single-frequency branch line coupler 251 is connected with the floor 23 through a 50 Ω matching resistor and a grounding short-circuit pin 253 in sequence.
As shown in fig. 4, the standing-wave ratio of the single dielectric loaded wide axial ratio beam antenna provided by the present invention at and near an exemplary center frequency of 1.6GHz in a wider frequency band is less than 1.5, which indicates that the antenna provided by the present invention has good matching performance.
As shown in fig. 5, the circular polarization axial ratio of the single dielectric loaded wide axial ratio beam antenna provided by the present invention is less than 3dB in the exemplary frequency band of 1.6GHz and the frequency band around the exemplary frequency band, and the gain is greater than 5.9dBi, which indicates that the circular polarization performance and the radiation performance of the antenna provided by the present invention are good.
As shown in fig. 6, the gain of the single dielectric loaded wide axial ratio beam antenna provided by the present invention in the maximum radiation direction at the center frequency of 1.6GHz is 5.9 dBi; the antenna gain when no medium is loaded is 5.7dBi, which shows that the loaded medium of the wide-axis ratio beam antenna of the invention has very little influence on the gain and does not distort the radiation directivity.
As shown in fig. 7, the axial ratio beam width of the wide axial ratio beam antenna proposed by the present invention is 155 ° (Phi ═ 0 °)/150 ° (Phi ═ 45 °)/153 ° (Phi ═ 90 °) at the center frequency of 1.6 GHz; the axial ratio beam width of the antenna at the central frequency of 1.6GHz when the medium is not loaded is 62 degrees (Phi is 0 degrees)/59 degrees (Phi is 45 degrees)/58 degrees (Phi is 90 degrees). The axial ratio beam width is obviously widened after the single medium is loaded, and the axial ratio is kept at a lower level in a wider angle range, which shows that the single medium loaded wide axial ratio beam antenna provided by the invention has good radiation performance.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A single dielectric loaded wide-axis ratio beam antenna, comprising: a loading medium (1) and a circularly polarized patch antenna (2);
the loading medium (1) comprises a medium block (11) and an air cavity (12) with a hollow bottom surface; the dielectric block (11) is cylindrical and arranged at the upper part of the circularly polarized patch antenna (2); the air cavity (12) is in a cone shape, the cross section of the air cavity (12) is in the shape of an isosceles triangle, the length of the bottom side of the isosceles triangle is equal to the diameter of the bottom surface of the cylinder, and the top end point of the isosceles triangle is connected with the upper bottom surface of the medium block (11);
the circularly polarized patch antenna (2) comprises a circular patch (21), a first dielectric plate (22), a floor (23), a second dielectric plate (24) and a single-frequency feed network (25) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the single-frequency feed network (25) comprises a single-frequency branch line coupler (251), a feed probe (252), a ground shorting pin (253) and a 50 omega matching resistor; the single-frequency branch line coupler (251) is fixed on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate (24), and the isolation end of the single-frequency branch line coupler (251) is connected with the floor (23) through a 50 omega matching resistor and a grounding short-circuit pin (253) in sequence;
the circular patch (21) is connected with an output port of the single-frequency branch line coupler (251) through a feed probe (252), the output port of the single-frequency branch line coupler (251) generates signals with equal amplitude and orthogonal phase so as to form circularly polarized waves, a protection hole is arranged at the corresponding position of the feed probe (252) penetrating through the floor (23), and the diameter of the protection hole is larger than that of the feed probe (252);
the loading medium (1) is printed by 3DThe technology is characterized in that the dielectric constant of the loading medium (1) is determined according to a printing material, and the included angle between the bottom surface of the medium block (11) and the generatrix of the conical air cavity (12) is controllably adjusted within a certain range; by adjusting the far field E of a circularly polarized waveθAnd
the axial ratio beam width of the circular patch (21) is widened by the difference of the components, and the included angle between the bottom surface of the medium block (11) and the generatrix of the conical air cavity (12) corresponding to the optimal axial ratio beam width is determined by the dielectric constant of the medium.
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| CN201910233887.1A CN109818146B (en) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | Single-medium loaded wide axial ratio beam antenna |
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| CN201910233887.1A CN109818146B (en) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | Single-medium loaded wide axial ratio beam antenna |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110829035B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-03-16 | 大连海事大学 | Circular polarization patch antenna of wide half-power wave beam |
| CN114824777B (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2023-06-23 | 西安交通大学 | Arc-shaped circuit of mirror surface single cone antenna |
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Effective date of registration: 20220118 Address after: 116026 No. 1, Ling Hai Road, Liaoning, Dalian Patentee after: Dalian Maritime University Patentee after: Shanghai Shipping Research Institute Co., Ltd Address before: 116026 1 Linghai Road, hi tech park, Dalian, Liaoning Patentee before: Dalian Maritime University |
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