CN109817901A - A kind of preparation method of the spherical precursor of nickel cobalt aluminium doping - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of the spherical precursor of nickel cobalt aluminium doping Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of spherical precursor for preparing nickel cobalt aluminium doping, chemical general formula NixCoyAL1‑X‑YA(OH)2, wherein 0.05≤X≤0.95;A rare earth element includes La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, can adulterate one or more combinations according to different demands, the additional amount of the rare earth element controls between 0.005%-0.5%.The present invention can produce the spherical precursor material of the mixing of nickel cobalt aluminium doped chemical atom level, better crystallinity degree granularity controlled zero micro mist narrowly distributing under the premise of not increasing significantly cost, can improve that current product nickel cobalt aluminium doped chemical is unevenly distributed, difficult balling-up, micro mist are distributed the problems such as wide more.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to anode material for lithium-ion batteries technical field, in particular to a kind of spherical forerunner of nickel cobalt aluminium doping
The method of body.
Background technique
The advantages that lithium ion battery is with its high energy density, high discharge platform, is widely used in mobile phone, camera, pen
Remember the portable electronic devices such as this computer.Requirement with people to lithium ion battery is higher and higher, and people needed using the time
Lithium ion battery longer, smaller, weight is lighter, this requires anode material for lithium-ion batteries should have both safety it is good,
The performances such as specific capacity height, stable circulation, but cobalt acid lithium, LiMn2O4, LiFePO4 and nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material mature at present
Material is difficult to meet above-mentioned requirements simultaneously.And nickel cobalt lithium aluminate price is low, compacted density is high, and gram volume is high, volume ratio
Capacity is higher than cobalt acid lithium, is with a wide range of applications.Wherein the doping of aluminium can be increased lithium ion and be expanded with the structure of stabilizing material
Dissipate coefficient, hence it is evident that inhibit the exothermic reaction of material, therefore the cycle performance of material and overcharge resistance performance can be improved significantly, together
When, many surface claddings and the method for doping vario-property be used to improve specific capacity, high rate performance and stability of material etc..In view of
It synthesizes that difficulty is larger, technique requires complicated, and batch consistency is poor, and Elemental redistribution it is irregular it is equal limit, fettered its big rule
The realization of mould commercial applications.In the production process of nickel cobalt aluminium positive electrode material precursor, for how former using aluminum feedstock, nickel
Material and cobalt raw material and rare earth element people are there are many mode is available, but it is believed that using NixCoyAL1-X-YA(OH)2It mixes
Miscellaneous persursor material produces the best performance of preparation nickel cobalt aluminium positive electrode NCA as raw material, wherein rare earth doped element packet
Include: La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc etc. can adulterate one according to different demands
Kind or multiple combinations;Therefore, how people prepares excellent Ni if constantly studyingxCoyAL1-X-YA(OH)2Persursor material is adulterated,
Coprecipitation is easy to operate and easy to industrialized production, but this preparation method always exists larger problem, is difficult big
Large-scale production prepares Ni in coprecipitation synthesisxCoyAL1-X-YA(OH)2During adulterating persursor material, due to aluminium
Ion is+trivalent, is difficult to form uniform single layer structure with nickel and cobalt etc.+divalent ion elements, leads to Elemental redistribution not
Uniformly, difficult at spherical shape, though form spherical particle there is also a microscopic particles uneven, second particle it is non-round have micro mist, point
The problems such as cloth is wide.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in providing, one kind is environmentally protective, has compared with high performance-price ratio and simple process
The doping of lithium ion battery anode material nickel cobalt aluminium spherical precursor preparation method, the present invention can not increase significantly cost
Under the premise of produce nickel cobalt aluminium doped chemical atom level mixing, better crystallinity degree granularity controlled zero micro mist narrowly distributing spherical forerunner
Body material, can improve that current product nickel cobalt aluminium doped chemical is unevenly distributed, difficult balling-up, micro mist are distributed the problems such as wide more.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has following technical scheme:
A kind of preparation method of spherical precursor preparing nickel cobalt aluminium doping of the invention, chemical general formula are
NixCoyAL1-X-YA(OH)2, wherein 0.05≤X≤0.95;A rare earth element include La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb,
Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc can adulterate one or more combinations, the addition of the rare earth element according to different demands
Between 0.005%-0.5%, the doping of the rare earth element can make presoma crystallization more whole grain more evenly, brilliant for amount control
Body structural arrangement is more stable, and the presoma, which is made into positive electrode, can improve the cycle performance and high-temperature behavior of battery.
The preparation method of a kind of spherical precursor preparing nickel cobalt aluminium doping of the invention, by aluminium salt and precipitating reagent aqueous slkali
Reaction is formed Al (OH)3Precipitating;Using the more slow feature of this kind of saliferous precipitating reagent hydrolysis rate by it with nickel and cobalt solution simultaneously
Stream is added in gap special reactor system, while ammonium hydroxide being used to realize nickel cobalt aluminium presoma coprecipitation reaction as complexing agent,
And each element in nickel cobalt aluminium presoma is made to be uniformly dispersed, it crystallizes more complete.
A kind of preparation method of spherical precursor preparing nickel cobalt aluminium doping of the invention, is set using gap special reactor
It is standby, it is able to achieve the production model that intermittent continuous side border ring clears liquid, reaches size tunable and zero micro mist, technological design partial size
In 3-30um, particle diameter distribution is narrow, can accomplish D90-D10/D50=0.2 for control.
A kind of preparation method of spherical precursor preparing nickel cobalt aluminium doping of the invention, comprising the following steps:
Step 1:
According to prepared in claims 1 containing nickel salt and cobalt salt and rare earth element La and Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd,
Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc adulterate one or more combined salting liquid A ion concentration 1- according to different demands
3M prepares alkali solution precipitate agent B, the 2~10M of concentration of aluminium containing salt, and the alkali solution precipitate agent C of aluminium containing salt, 2~10M of concentration do not match
Ammonium hydroxide processed is the solution D of complexing agent, 1~8M of concentration;
The chemical general formula of Ni, Co, Al and (OH) for containing in the salting liquid A and precipitant solution B is
NixCoyAL1-X-YA(OH)2, wherein 0.05≤X≤0.95, wherein A represents rare earth element;
Step 2:
By the prepared salting liquid A containing nickel salt and cobalt salt and rare earth doped element, the solution of aluminium containing salt and precipitating reagent
B, ammonium hydroxide is the solution D of complexing agent, at the uniform velocity and in interval special reactor of the simultaneous implantation added with bottom liquid, reaction temperature control
30-80 DEG C of range, 300-1000 revs/min of the range of speed control, at the same time, adjust the alkali solution precipitate agent C control of not aluminium containing salt
The pH value of solution is between 9-14 in reaction kettle processed;
Step 3:
Using gap special reactor equipment reaction, by it is prepared containing nickel salt and cobalt salt and rare earth doped element La,
The salting liquid A of Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y or Sc, aluminium containing salt and precipitating reagent it is molten
Liquid B, ammonium hydroxide are the solution D of complexing agent at the uniform velocity and in interval special reactor of the simultaneous implantation added with bottom liquid, reaction temperature control
30-80 DEG C of range, 300-1000 revs/min of the range of speed control, at the same time, adjust the alkali solution precipitate agent C control of not aluminium containing salt
The pH value of solution is between 9-14 in reaction kettle processed;It is adjusted between 3-30um by technological design partial size, used Special reverse
The material for answering kettle to react flows into surge tank again by returning reaction kettle every not pump, can be incited somebody to action by clearing tank after being reacted to certain volume
Mother liquor is continuously discharged, and reaches interval continuous production, and reaction terminates, and is separated by solid-liquid separation, solid product after separation by washing,
After dried and screened, the spherical precursor of nickel cobalt aluminium doping is obtained, particle diameter distribution is very narrow, can accomplish with D90-D10/D50
=0.2.
Wherein, the nickel salt, cobalt salt, rare earth doped element La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er,
Tm, Yb, Lu and Y, Sc and aluminium salt are solubility, and the nickel salt is selected in nickel sulfate, nickel nitrate, nickel chloride and nickel acetate
It is any;The cobalt salt selects any one of cobaltous sulfate, cobalt nitric acid, cobalt chloride and cobalt acetate;The aluminium salt selection aluminum sulfate,
Any one of aluminium chloride and sodium metaaluminate;The complexing agent be one of ammonium hydroxide, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, citric acid and oxalic acid or its
In several mixture;The precipitating reagent is lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.
Wherein, it is reacted in the special reactor equipment of gap, adjusts, used between 3-30um by technological design partial size
Special reactor reaction material flow into surge tank again by every not pump return reaction kettle, can pass through after being reacted to certain volume
It clears tank and mother liquor is continuously discharged, reach interval continuous production, reaction terminates, and is separated by solid-liquid separation, the solid product after separation
After washing, dried and screened, the spherical precursor of nickel cobalt aluminium doping, zero grain size of micropowder narrowly distributing, particle diameter distribution body are obtained
It is existing: D90-D10/D50=0.2.
Beneficial effect
Aluminium salt first react forming stable Al (OH) by the method that the present invention uses with precipitating reagent3Precipitating, then with nickel
The rare earth doped Element Solution of cobalt salt injects in the special reactor of gap simultaneously, and it is equal to carry out coprecipitation reaction preparation each element dispersion
It is even, the spherical precursor more complete, the nickel cobalt aluminium of structure more closely is adulterated is crystallized, the present invention can not increased significantly into
Nickel cobalt aluminium doped chemical atom level is produced under the premise of this to mix, before the spherical shape of better crystallinity degree granularity controlled zero micro mist narrowly distributing
Body material is driven, can improve that current product nickel cobalt aluminium doped chemical is unevenly distributed, difficult balling-up, micro mist are distributed the problems such as wide more,
This is simple for process, can carry out large-scale industrial production.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is interval special reaction equipment block diagram used in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the persursor material distribution diagram of element that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is prepared;
Fig. 3 is the SEM figure for the persursor material that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is prepared;
Fig. 4 is the SEM figure for the persursor material that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is prepared;
Fig. 5 is the SEM figure for the persursor material that the embodiment of the present invention 3 is prepared.
Specific embodiment
For a further understanding of the present invention, the present invention is made below in conjunction with specification and specific preferred embodiment further
Description, but protection scope not thereby limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1:
Nickel sulfate and cobaltous sulfate and rare earth element Sm, Y content is lower, the 0.005%-0.5% of gross mass is accounted for, not shadow
Overall ratio is rung, is dissolved in forming salt solution A in 1000ml deionized water in 9:1 ratio;Aluminum sulfate is added to the alkali soluble of 1000ml
In liquid, concentration is the precipitating reagent B that aluminium containing salt is formed in 2~10M solution, and the chemical molecular formula of the nickel cobalt aluminium persursor material is
Ni0.88Co0.09Al0.03(OH)2, i.e., Ni, Co, Al and the atomic molar ratio of doping Sm, Y (OH) are 0.88 in the chemical molecular formula:
0.09:0.03:2.035;2~10M sodium hydroxide solution of not aluminium containing salt is prepared as the pH value of solution in adjusting reaction kettle
Precipitant solution C is added using ammonium hydroxide as complexing agent D, and the above required different solutions can be configured according to actual use amount;
The bottom 4L liquid is added into the gap special reactor of 10L, after being heated to 30 DEG C, stirs 1000 revs/min, cocurrent is added
Salting liquid A and plus saline solution B, wherein salting liquid A flow control adds the flow control of saline solution B in 2ml/ in 5ml/h
H opens simultaneously the pipe flow speed control for being passed through enveloping agent solution D in 1ml/h, adjusts the flow velocity that saline solution C is not added to control
The pH value of solution is between 13-14 in reaction kettle;Reaction about 50h or so starts to clear liquid from clearing tank, by technological design reaction 60h
Left and right partial size grows to 3-4um, and reaction terminates, and makes solid material therein to be washed with deionized after separation of solid and liquid after 25 times of water
8h is dried in 100 DEG C of baking ovens, and zero micro mist of 3-4um nickel cobalt aluminium persursor material, particle diameter distribution can be obtained after crossing 200 meshes
Narrow, particle diameter distribution embodies: D90-D10/D50=0.2.
Embodiment 2:
Nickel sulfate and cobaltous sulfate and rare earth element Sm, Y content is lower, the 0.005%-0.5% of gross mass is accounted for, not shadow
Overall ratio is rung, is dissolved in forming salt solution A in 1000ml deionized water in 9:1 ratio;Aluminum sulfate is added to the highly basic of 1000ml
Solution concentration is the precipitating reagent B that aluminium containing salt is formed in 2~10M solution, and the chemical molecular formula of the nickel cobalt aluminium persursor material is
Ni0.88Co0.09Al0.03(OH)2, i.e., Ni, Co, Al and the atomic molar ratio of doping Sm, Y (OH) are 0.88 in the chemical molecular formula:
0.09:0.03:2.035;2~10M sodium hydroxide solution of not aluminium containing salt is prepared as the pH value of solution in adjusting reaction kettle
Precipitant solution C is added using ammonium hydroxide as complexing agent D, and the above required different solutions can be configured according to actual use amount;
The bottom 4L liquid is added into the gap special reactor of 10L, after being heated to 50 DEG C, salting liquid A and plus salt is added in cocurrent
Aqueous slkali B, wherein salting liquid A flow control adds the flow control of saline solution B in 2ml/h, open simultaneously and be passed through in 5ml/h
The pipe flow speed control of enveloping agent solution D adjusts the flow velocity that saline solution C is not added in 1ml/h to control solution in reaction kettle
PH value is between 11-12;Reaction about 50h or so starts to clear liquid from clearing tank, grows to 9- by technological design reaction 80h or so partial size
10um, reaction terminate, and make to be washed with deionized after 25 times of water after separation of solid and liquid by solid material therein in 100 DEG C of baking ovens
8h is dried, 9-10um nickel cobalt aluminium persursor material can be obtained after crossing 200 meshes, zero micro mist, particle diameter distribution are narrow, particle diameter distribution body
It is existing: D90-D10/D50=0.2.
Embodiment 3:
Nickel sulfate and cobaltous sulfate and rare earth element Sm, Y content is lower, the 0.005%-0.5% of gross mass is accounted for, not shadow
Overall ratio is rung, is dissolved in forming salt solution A in 1000ml deionized water in 9:1 ratio;Aluminum sulfate is added to the highly basic of 1000ml
Solution concentration is the precipitating reagent B that aluminium containing salt is formed in 2~10M solution, and the chemical molecular formula of the nickel cobalt aluminium persursor material is
Ni0.88Co0.09Al0.03(OH)2, i.e., Ni, Co, Al and the atomic molar ratio of doping Sm, Y (OH) are 0.88 in the chemical molecular formula:
0.09:0.03:2.035;2~10M sodium hydroxide solution of not aluminium containing salt is prepared as the pH value of solution in adjusting reaction kettle
Precipitant solution C is added using ammonium hydroxide as complexing agent D, and the above required different solutions can be configured according to actual use amount;
The bottom 4L liquid is added into the gap special reactor of 10L, after being heated to 80 DEG C, salting liquid A and plus salt is added in cocurrent
Aqueous slkali B, wherein salting liquid A flow control adds the flow control of saline solution B in 2ml/h, open simultaneously and be passed through in 5ml/h
The pipe flow speed control of enveloping agent solution D adjusts the flow velocity that saline solution C is not added in 1ml/h to control solution in reaction kettle
PH value is between 9.5-10;Reaction about 50h or so starts to clear liquid from clearing tank, grows to by technological design reaction 150h or so partial size
28-30um, reaction terminate, and make to be washed with deionized after separation of solid and liquid after 25 times of water and dry solid material therein at 100 DEG C
8h is dried in case, 28-30um nickel cobalt aluminium persursor material can be obtained after crossing 200 meshes, zero micro mist, particle diameter distribution are narrow, partial size
Distribution embodies: D90-D10/D50=0.2.
The Applicant declares that the present invention is explained by the above embodiments, the present invention is made is further described, cannot
Assert that specific implementation of the invention is only limited to these instructions.It should be bright for those skilled in the art
, under the early periods for not departing from present inventive concept, several simple deductions or substitution are made to the present invention, all fall within guarantor of the invention
It protects within range and the open scope.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of preparation method for the spherical precursor for preparing nickel cobalt aluminium doping, it is characterised in that: chemical general formula is
NixCoyAL1-X-YA(OH)2, wherein 0.05≤X≤0.95;A rare earth element include La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb,
Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc can adulterate one or more combinations, the addition of the rare earth element according to different demands
Between 0.005%-0.5%, the doping of the rare earth element can make presoma crystallization more whole grain more evenly, brilliant for amount control
Body structural arrangement is more stable, and the presoma, which is made into positive electrode, can improve the cycle performance and high-temperature behavior of battery.
2. a kind of preparation method for the spherical precursor for preparing nickel cobalt aluminium doping, it is characterised in that: by aluminium salt and precipitating reagent alkali soluble
Liquid reaction, forms Al (OH)3Precipitating;Using the more slow feature of this kind of saliferous precipitating reagent hydrolysis rate by it and nickel and cobalt solution
Cocurrent is added in gap special reactor system, while ammonium hydroxide being used to realize that the co-precipitation of nickel cobalt aluminium presoma is anti-as complexing agent
It answers, and each element in nickel cobalt aluminium presoma is made to be uniformly dispersed, crystallize more complete.
3. a kind of preparation method for the spherical precursor for preparing nickel cobalt aluminium doping, it is characterised in that: use gap special reactor
Equipment is able to achieve the production model that intermittent continuous side border ring clears liquid, reaches size tunable and zero micro mist, technological design grain
Diameter is controlled in 3-30um, and particle diameter distribution is narrow, can accomplish D90-D10/D50=0.2.
4. a kind of preparation method for the spherical precursor for preparing nickel cobalt aluminium doping, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
Step 1:
According to prepared in claims 1 containing nickel salt and cobalt salt and rare earth element La and Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb,
Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc adulterate one or more combined salting liquid A ion concentration 1-3M according to different demands, match
Alkali solution precipitate agent B, the 2~10M of concentration of aluminium containing salt processed, alkali solution precipitate agent C, the 2~10M of concentration of aluminium containing salt, do not prepare ammonia
Water is the solution D of complexing agent, 1~8M of concentration;
The chemical general formula of Ni, Co, Al and (OH) for containing in the salting liquid A and precipitant solution B are NixCoyAL1-X-YA
(OH)2, wherein 0.05≤X≤0.95, wherein A represents rare earth element;
Step 2:
By the prepared salting liquid A containing nickel salt and cobalt salt and rare earth doped element, solution B, the ammonia of aluminium containing salt and precipitating reagent
Water is the solution D of complexing agent, at the uniform velocity and in interval special reactor of the simultaneous implantation added with bottom liquid, reaction temperature control range
30-80 DEG C, 300-1000 revs/min of the range of speed control, at the same time, the alkali solution precipitate agent C control for adjusting not aluminium containing salt is anti-
Answer the pH value of solution in kettle between 9-14;
Step 3:
Using gap special reactor equipment reaction, by it is prepared containing nickel salt and cobalt salt and rare earth doped element La, Ce,
The salting liquid A of Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y or Sc, the solution B of aluminium containing salt and precipitating reagent,
Ammonium hydroxide is the solution D of complexing agent at the uniform velocity and in interval special reactor of the simultaneous implantation added with bottom liquid, reaction temperature control range
30-80 DEG C, 300-1000 revs/min of the range of speed control, at the same time, the alkali solution precipitate agent C control for adjusting not aluminium containing salt is anti-
Answer the pH value of solution in kettle between 9-14;It is adjusted between 3-30um by technological design partial size, used special reactor
The material of reaction flows into surge tank again by returning reaction kettle every not pump, and special reactor can be by clearing tank for mother liquor after reacting
Continuous discharge, reaches interval continuous production, and reaction terminates, and is separated by solid-liquid separation, and the solid product after separation is by washing, drying
After sieving, the spherical precursor of nickel cobalt aluminium doping is obtained, particle diameter distribution is very narrow, can accomplish with D90-D10/D50=
0.2。
5. a kind of preparation method of spherical precursor for preparing nickel cobalt aluminium doping according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The nickel salt, cobalt salt, rare earth doped element La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu and Y,
Sc and aluminium salt are solubility, and the nickel salt selects any one of nickel sulfate, nickel nitrate, nickel chloride and nickel acetate;The cobalt
Salt selects any one of cobaltous sulfate, cobalt nitric acid, cobalt chloride and cobalt acetate;The aluminium salt selects aluminum sulfate, aluminium chloride and inclined aluminium
Any one of sour sodium;The complexing agent is one of ammonium hydroxide, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, citric acid and oxalic acid or in which several mixing
Object;The precipitating reagent is lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.
6. a kind of preparation method of spherical precursor for preparing nickel cobalt aluminium doping according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It reacts in the special reactor equipment of gap, is adjusted between 3-30um by technological design partial size, used special reactor
The material of reaction flows into surge tank again by returning reaction kettle every not pump, and special reactor can be by clearing tank for mother liquor after reacting
Continuous discharge, reaches interval continuous production, and reaction terminates, and is separated by solid-liquid separation, and the solid product after separation is by washing, drying
After sieving, the spherical precursor of nickel cobalt aluminium doping, zero grain size of micropowder narrowly distributing are obtained, particle diameter distribution embodies: D90-D10/D50
=0.2.
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CN113896252A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-01-07 | 格林爱科(荆门)新能源材料有限公司 | Preparation method of nickel-cobalt-aluminum precursor |
CN114506878A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-17 | 宜宾光原锂电材料有限公司 | Cerium-doped NCA ternary positive electrode material precursor and preparation method thereof |
CN116730392A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-09-12 | 巴斯夫杉杉电池材料有限公司 | Manganese aluminum oxide and preparation method thereof |
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