CN109816740A - A kind of scintillation pulse event meets processing method - Google Patents
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Abstract
What the present invention provided a kind of scintillation pulse event meets processing method, including step S1: obtaining the experimental data of PET system, experimental data includes the energy information that the opposite gammaphoton of a pair of of energy same direction for generating after positron annihilation reaches the temporal information of corresponding two detectors and gammaphoton deposits in detector, and temporal information is respectively Ti1And Ti2, energy information is respectively Ei1And Ei2；Step S2: setting energy window and time window and acquisition meets event, and energy window is set as E, and time window is set as T, and the gammaphoton for meeting the following conditions is denoted as a pair of of true coincidence event: ∣ Ti1- Ti2∣≤T, Ei1≤ E, and Ei2≤E；Step S3: being weighted processing to the true coincidence event, reinforces processing and uses two kinds of formula；Step S4: carrying out image reconstruction, obtains image result；Step S5: image result is analyzed.The present invention is allocated the weight for meeting event using energy information, improves reconstructed image quality, adaptable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of scintillation pulse processing methods in positron emission computerized tomography field, more specifically
Be related to a kind of scintillation pulse event meets processing method.
Background technique
PET (Positron Emission Tomography, positron emission computerized tomography, hereinafter referred to as
PET) be a kind of non-invasive type nuclear medicine method.Tracer with radionuclide is injected into human body or animal body
Afterwards, tracer can be in human body or the intracorporal different location of animal according to the metaboilic level of different location in human body or animal body
Reveal different concentration distributions.β+decay occurs in human body or animal body and generates positive electron, positive electron and people for radioactive substance
Body or the intracorporal electronics of animal bury in oblivion the identical but contrary gammaphoton of a pair of of energy of generation and therefore pass through outside
Detection device measures temporal information, energy information and the location information that gammaphoton reaches detection device, can calculate and put
Penetrating property tracer is in human body or the intracorporal level distribution of animal and carries out image reconstruction and display.PET belongs to functional metabolism point
Sub-image equipment has very important work in oncology and the relevant disease research of some nervous systems and diagnoses and treatment
With.
After burying in oblivion in human body due to positive electron, the opposite gammaphoton pair of a pair of of direction of motion can be generated,
Energy value is 511KeV, gammaphoton can be converted to scintillation pulse by electrooptical device and subsequent processing circuit
Signal can measure temporal information, energy information and the position that gammaphoton reaches detector module by scintillation pulse signal
Information, therefore, meeting for scintillation pulse event is an extremely important step during PET image reconstruction, high quality
Meeting method has very big promotion to the reconstructed image quality under same case.Scintillation pulse event meets method master at present
If settling time window and energy window determine whether two scintillation pulse events are true coincidence event, that is, pass through settling time window
And energy window, when two scintillation pulses reach the absolute value of the difference of the time of detector in time window and two scintillation pulses
When energy value is all in energy window, then the two scintillation pulses can be considered a pair of of true coincidence event in event matches engineering.It is logical
Crossing the location information of scintillation pulse, then this available a pair meets event line of response corresponding in PET system.Existing
Image reconstruction algorithm in, since crystal item is large number of, when measuring a pair of of scintillation pulse between crystal A and crystal B,
Line of response corresponding to two crystal items is in the back projection step of iterative approximation as the primary event that meets (when showing as counting
+ 1) back projection is carried out.But in this this method for reconstructing, for every a pair of of scintillation pulse, each gammaphoton is being got to
The measurement error for occurring to scatter or meet with detector is likely to before detector, the energy value for measuring gammaphoton is different
Be set to 511KeV, and in back projection still these meet event to all treat as true coincidence event carry out back projection, for example,
Two pairs of gammaphotons are measured, the temporal information that first pair of gamma photon detection device measures is respectively Ta1, Ta2, energy information difference
For Ea1, Ea2；The temporal information that second pair of gamma photon detection device measures is respectively Tb1, Tb2, energy information be respectively Eb1,
The time window of PET system is set as T by Eb2, and energy window is set as E, in the method, as | Ta1-Ta2 |≤T, Ea1≤E and
When Ea2≤E, then it is assumed that first pair of gammaphoton is a pair of of true coincidence event, is similarly also applied for judging second pair of gammaphoton.
But the Ea1 in actual measurement needs not be equal to Eb1, and Ea2 also needs not be equal to Eb2.Therefore, all weights for meeting event
It is unreasonable for regarding this method of equal quantities as.
In the prior art there are also a kind of weighting processing method based on temporal information, i.e. (time of flight flies TOF
The row time) method for reconstructing, this method be it is a kind of using gammaphoton reach detector temporal information be weighted it is a kind of heavy
Build mode.But since performance requirement of this method for reconstructing to detector is higher, mostly be served only for emulation data into
Row is rebuild.
In conclusion meeting method due to thinking using the scintillation pulse event of time window and energy window in the prior art
It is all equal that every a pair meets event weight in back projection, therefore this method theoretically has certain defect；And the time is utilized to believe
It is although feasible to cease the method being weighted, but too high for the requirement of the time measurement performance of detector, can not obtain in practice
To being widely applied.Therefore, in order to improve the quality of image reconstruction in PET system, need to find a kind of more perfect reality of being more convenient for
The scintillation pulse event of border application meets processing method.
Summary of the invention
Meet processing method the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of scintillation pulse event, to solve to dodge in the prior art
There is error in processing and be not easy to practical application in meeting for bright pulse event.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, meet processing the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a kind of scintillation pulse event
Method, a kind of scintillation pulse event meet processing method, this meet processing method the following steps are included:
Step S1: the experimental data of PET system is obtained, wherein the experimental data includes generating after positron annihilation
The opposite gammaphoton of a pair of of energy same direction reach corresponding two detectors temporal information and the gammaphoton
The energy information deposited in the detector, the temporal information are respectively Ti1And Ti2, the energy information is respectively Ei1With
Ei2；
Step S2: set the PET system energy window and time window and obtain meet event, wherein the energy window
It is set as E, the time window is set as T, and the gammaphoton for meeting the following conditions is denoted as a pair of of true coincidence event:
∣Ti1- Ti2∣≤T, Ei1≤ E, and Ei2≤E；
Step S3: processing is weighted to the true coincidence event, wherein reinforce processing and use following two formula:
The first:
Second:
Wherein, piIndicate that the projection value in i-th line of response, i are natural number, σ and a are respectively false with PET system, imaging
Body and the relevant variable element of activity；
Step S4: carrying out image reconstruction, obtains image result；
Step S5: described image result is analyzed.
In the step S1, the experimental data further includes the location information of gammaphoton, and the location information passes through
Acquisition is numbered to the scintillation crystal item of the PET system.
In the step S2, the setting range of energy window T is 150keV-650KeV, and energy resolution is set as 20%.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the step S3, the value range of σ is 0.1-1000.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the value range of σ is 1.5-100.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in the step S3, the value range of a is 0.01-100.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the value range of a is 1-50.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the value that the value of σ is 2, a is 0.5.
In the step S4, the method for image reconstruction is maximum likelihood-expectation maximum algorithm, the formula of use are as follows:
Wherein,Indicate value of j-th of pixel after n+1 iteration, j is natural number, aijIndicate i-th line of response
Specific gravity shared by upper j-th of pixel.
In the step S5, the reduced parameter that uses of analysis is carried out for restoring degree coefficient of correlation to described image result,
The restoring degree coefficient of correlation includes hot-zone restoring degree coefficient of correlation and cold-zone restoring degree coefficient of correlation, wherein the hot-zone
Restoring degree coefficient of correlation are as follows:
Wherein, CH,jIndicate the average counter of hot-zone in reconstruction image, CB,jIndicate the average counter of background in reconstruction image,
aHIndicate the activity value of hot-zone when emulation, aBIndicate the activity value of background when emulation.
Cold-zone restoring degree coefficient of correlation are as follows:
Wherein, CC,jIndicate the average counter of cold-zone in reconstruction image, CB,jIndicate the average counter of background in reconstruction image.
Scintillation pulse event provided by the invention meets processing method, in step s3, uses at unique weighting
Reason mode is weighted each pair of line of response according to the energy value of gammaphoton, assigns each pair of line of response different weights, can be with
By energy information obtained in data acquisition using maximizing, the weight for meeting event is divided using energy information
Match, so as to play the role of improving reconstructed image quality in the image reconstruction below, can especially be obviously improved step
Hot-zone restoring degree coefficient of correlation and cold-zone restoring degree coefficient of correlation in rapid S5；The present invention can also be according to the imaging of different living bodies
Feature selects different weighting schemes or different parameters with more targeted raising image reconstruction quality, adaptable.
Meanwhile scintillation pulse event provided by the invention meets processing method, implements simple, is applicable to various different structures
PET system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is signal the step of meeting processing method of scintillation pulse event according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.It should be understood that following embodiment is merely to illustrate this
The range of invention and is not intended to limit the present invention.
Scintillation pulse event provided by the invention meets processing method for the data processing in PET system, main packet
Include following steps:
Step S1: obtaining experimental data, which reaches detector for the gammaphoton generated after positron annihilation
Temporal information, the energy information that gammaphoton deposits in detector and gammaphoton location information, corresponding two
Detector the temporal information of collected gammaphoton be respectively Ti1And Ti2, energy information is respectively Ei1And Ei2；
Step S2: setting energy window and time window, acquisition meet event, by the energy window and time window point in PET system
It is not set as E and T, when the temporal information of gammaphoton and energy information meet the following conditions respectively:
∣Ti1- Ti2∣≤T,
Ei1≤E
Ei2≤E；
Then determine the corresponding collected gammaphoton of detector for a pair of of true coincidence event；
Step S3: being weighted processing to true coincidence event, and the mode for weighting processing includes two kinds:
The first:
Second:
Wherein, piIndicate the projection value in i-th line of response, i is natural number, σ and a be with PET system, imaging prosthese with
And the relevant variable element of activity, different σ and a can be selected as needed during image reconstruction；
Step S4: carrying out image reconstruction, and the specific method of image reconstruction is maximum likelihood-expectation maximum algorithm (Maximum
Likelihood Expectation Maximization, abbreviation ML-EM), what the maximum likelihood-expectation maximum algorithm used
Formula are as follows:
Wherein,Indicate value of j-th of pixel after n+1 iteration, j is natural number, aijIndicate i-th line of response
Specific gravity shared by upper j-th of pixel, piIndicate the projection value in i-th line of response；
5th step, image result are analyzed, and the reduced parameter used in image result analysis is restored for restoring degree coefficient of correlation
Spending coefficient of correlation includes hot-zone restoring degree coefficient of correlation and cold-zone restoring degree coefficient of correlation, wherein hot-zone restoring degree comparison system
Number are as follows:
Wherein, CH,jIndicate the average counter of hot-zone in reconstruction image, CB,jIndicate the average counter of background in reconstruction image,
aHIndicate the activity value of hot-zone when emulation, aBIndicate the activity value of background when emulation.
Cold-zone restoring degree coefficient of correlation are as follows:
Wherein, CC,jIndicate the average counter of cold-zone in reconstruction image, CB,jIndicate the average counter of background in reconstruction image.
More specifically, the energy window range being arranged when obtaining experimental data is 150KeV- in above-mentioned steps S1
650KeV, energy resolution are set as 20%, and obtaining prosthese used by experimental data is American Electrical Appliance Manufacturers Association
(National Electrical Manufacturers Association, abbreviation NEMA) substandard IQ of NU 2-2007
The parameter of (image quality) prosthese, PET system setting is as follows: detector radius 371mm, and the quantity of detector panel is 88
A, each detector panel includes the detector module of 1*1*4 arrangement, and each detector module includes the sudden strain of a muscle of 1*6*6 arrangement
Bright crystal strip array, the total quantity of scintillation crystal item are 12672, and the size of single scintillation crystal item is 4.25mm*4.25mm*
4.25mm, pixel quantity 500*500*96；The location information for obtaining experimental data is obtained by the way that scintillation crystal item is numbered
?.
In above-mentioned steps S2, meet event acquisition and data relatively can using be suitble to data operation processor into
Row.
In above-mentioned steps S3, the value range of σ is preferably 0.1 to 1000.The value range of σ is more preferably 1.5 and arrives
100.The value range of a is preferably 0.01 to 100.The value range of a is more preferably 1-50.In most highly preferred embodiment of the invention
In, the value that the value of σ is 2, a is 0.5.
Traditional PET system carries out energy information after meeting event handling and is abandoned immediately, the present invention mentions when reinforcing processing
The scintillation pulse event of confession meets processing method, in step s3, unique weighting processing mode is used, according to gamma light
The energy value of son is weighted each pair of line of response, assigns each pair of line of response different weights, can will be in data acquisition
Energy information obtained is allocated the weight for meeting event using energy information, using maximizing so as to rear
Play the role of improving reconstructed image quality in the image reconstruction in face, the hot-zone that can be especially obviously improved in step S5 is restored
Spend coefficient of correlation and cold-zone restoring degree coefficient of correlation；The present invention can also select different according to the imaging characteristics of different living bodies
Weighting scheme or different parameters are adaptable with more targeted raising image reconstruction quality.Meanwhile the present invention provides
Scintillation pulse event meet processing method, implement simple, be applicable to the PET system of various different structures.
Above-described, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, the range being not intended to limit the invention, of the invention is upper
Stating embodiment can also make a variety of changes.Made by i.e. all claims applied according to the present invention and description
Simply, equivalent changes and modifications fall within the claims of the invention patent.The not detailed description of the present invention is
Routine techniques content.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of scintillation pulse event meets processing method, which is characterized in that it is described meet processing method the following steps are included:
Step S1: the experimental data of PET system is obtained, wherein the experimental data includes a pair generated after positron annihilation
Temporal information that the opposite gammaphoton of the energy same direction reaches corresponding two detectors and the gammaphoton are in institute
The energy information deposited in detector is stated, the temporal information is respectively Ti1And Ti2, the energy information is respectively Ei1And Ei2；
Step S2: it sets the energy window of the PET system and time window and obtains and meet event, wherein energy window setting
For E, the time window is set as T, and the gammaphoton for meeting the following conditions is denoted as a pair of of true coincidence event:
∣Ti1- Ti2∣≤T, Ei1≤ E, and Ei2≤E；
Step S3: processing is weighted to the true coincidence event, wherein reinforce processing and use following two formula:
The first:
Second:
Wherein, piIndicate the projection value in i-th line of response, i is natural number, σ and a be respectively with PET system, imaging prosthese with
And the relevant variable element of activity；
Step S4: carrying out image reconstruction, obtains image result；
Step S5: described image result is analyzed.
2. scintillation pulse event according to claim 1 meets processing method, which is characterized in that in the step S1
In, the experimental data further includes the location information of gammaphoton, and the location information is brilliant by the flashing to the PET system
Acquisition is numbered in body item.
3. scintillation pulse event according to claim 1 meets processing method, which is characterized in that in the step S2
In, the setting range of energy window T is 150keV-650KeV, and energy resolution is set as 20%.
4. scintillation pulse event according to claim 1 meets processing method, which is characterized in that in the step S3
In, the value range of σ is 0.1-1000.
5. scintillation pulse event according to claim 4 meets processing method, which is characterized in that the value range of σ is
1.5-100。
6. scintillation pulse event according to claim 1 meets processing method, which is characterized in that in the step S3
In, the value range of a is 0.01-100.
7. scintillation pulse event according to claim 6 meets processing method, which is characterized in that the value range of a is
1-50。
8. scintillation pulse event according to claim 1 meets processing method, which is characterized in that the value of σ is 2, a's
Value is 0.5.
9. scintillation pulse event according to claim 1 meets processing method, which is characterized in that in the step S4
In, the method for image reconstruction is maximum likelihood-expectation maximum algorithm, the formula of use are as follows:
Wherein,Indicate value of j-th of pixel after n+1 iteration, j is natural number, aijIndicate jth in i-th line of response
Specific gravity shared by a pixel.
10. scintillation pulse event according to claim 1 meets processing method, which is characterized in that in the step S5
In, the reduced parameter that uses of analysis is carried out for restoring degree coefficient of correlation to described image result, the restoring degree coefficient of correlation packet
Include hot-zone restoring degree coefficient of correlation and cold-zone restoring degree coefficient of correlation, wherein the hot-zone restoring degree coefficient of correlation are as follows:
Wherein, CH,jIndicate the average counter of hot-zone in reconstruction image, CB,jIndicate the average counter of background in reconstruction image, aHTable
The activity value of hot-zone, a when showing emulationBIndicate the activity value of background when emulation.
Cold-zone restoring degree coefficient of correlation are as follows:
Wherein, CC,jIndicate the average counter of cold-zone in reconstruction image, CB,jIndicate the average counter of background in reconstruction image.
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| CN110301926A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-10-08 | 东软医疗系统股份有限公司 | Determine method, apparatus, storage medium and the Medical Devices of crystal intrinsic efficiency |
| CN111024743A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-17 | 南昌大学 | Device and method for waveform sampling of positron life spectrum |
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| CN115251960A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2022-11-01 | 佳能医疗系统株式会社 | Nuclear medicine diagnosis apparatus and nuclear medicine image data generation method |
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