CN109813590B

CN109813590B - A mould for crack class rock test piece

Info

Publication number: CN109813590B
Application number: CN201910045410.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 石小利; 许光辉; 王志刚; 徐善龙; 其他发明人请求不公开姓名
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-01-17
Filing date: 2019-01-17
Publication date: 2021-06-08
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-17
Also published as: CN109813590A

Abstract

The invention relates to a rock-like test piece die for a compression test, in particular to a die for a fracture rock-like test piece, wherein a front die frame and a rear die frame respectively comprise a vertical plate and two side plates, a horizontally arranged dovetail groove is arranged at the upper edge and the lower edge of the outer side of each side plate, a sliding block is connected in the dovetail grooves of the two side plates of the rear die frame in a sliding manner, the two sliding blocks are connected through a second cutting line, and cutting grooves which avoid the movement of the second cutting line are arranged at the side edges of the front die frame and the rear die frame; two pull rods are rotatably installed on one side of the cross rod, the end heads of the pull rods are provided with threads, a second threaded hole is formed in one side of each sliding block, the two pull rods are correspondingly connected with the two sliding blocks, and the end heads of the pull rods are connected in the corresponding second threaded holes in a threaded fit mode. The invention saw cuts the upper and lower end surfaces of the test piece to enable the end surfaces to be flush, thereby reducing the workload of test piece manufacture and improving the efficiency of the experiment.

Description

A mould for crack class rock test piece

Technical Field

The invention relates to a rock-like test piece mold for a compression test, in particular to a mold for a fracture rock-like test piece.

Background

Rock mass in the nature is restricted and influenced by various objective conditions in the process of diagenesis, different types of joints are formed under the action of long-term geology, and the joints can be divided into a through joint rock mass and an intermittent joint rock mass according to the through degree of the joints in the rock mass. The rock mass outcrop survey shows that the long and long through joints in the natural rock mass only account for a very small part of the total number of the joints, more are short and intermittent joints, and in addition, because numerous underground projects are selected from surrounding rocks with better rock mass quality as much as possible to be built so as to avoid the adverse effects of large through joints, on the basis of the two points, the joints which play a leading role in the mechanical properties of the surrounding rocks of the underground projects are distributed discontinuously, and the intermittent joints are the most common complex rock masses in the underground projects.

Considering that the prefabrication of the intermittent fracture in the real rock material is difficult, the prefabrication of the intermittent fracture on the basis of the model material becomes an important means for discussing the strength deformation damage and the crack propagation characteristics of the rock brittle material with the intermittent fracture by preparing the rock brittle similar model material.

The mould among the prior art when the sample drawing of patterns, the terminal surface damages about easily causing the test piece to need cut the terminal surface again, so that the terminal surface parallel and level not only increases the work load that the test piece was made, still can influence the accuracy of experiment.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a die for prefabricating a test piece containing cracks, which solves the problems that the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the test piece are damaged and the end surfaces need to be cut again in the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a die for a fractured rock test piece, which comprises a front die frame, a rear die frame, an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate, wherein the front die frame and the rear die frame have the same structure, the front die frame and the rear die frame are both U-shaped, the front die frame and the rear die frame can be spliced into a square column, a square cavity is formed inside the square column, and rectangular grooves capable of enabling rectangular steel sheets to penetrate between the front die frame and the rear die frame are formed in the middle parts of the front die frame and the rear die frame; the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are both square step plates in the same structure, the upper cover plate is used for sealing the upper end of a square column, the lower cover plate is used for sealing the lower end of the square column, two opposite sides of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are respectively and fixedly connected with a support plate, the middle part of the support plate is provided with a through hole, the side edges of the front mold frame and the rear mold frame are provided with first threaded holes corresponding to the through holes, and a fastening bolt penetrates into the through hole and is in threaded connection with the first threaded holes;

the front die frame and the rear die frame respectively comprise a vertical plate and two side plates, the two side plates are respectively fixedly connected with two sides of the vertical plate and are perpendicular to the vertical plate, a horizontally arranged dovetail groove is formed in the upper edge and the lower edge of the outer side of each side plate, a sliding block is connected in the dovetail grooves of the two side plates of the rear die frame in a sliding mode, the two sliding blocks are connected through a second cutting line, and cutting grooves which avoid the second cutting line to move are formed in the side edges of the front die frame and the side edges of the rear die frame; the two sliding blocks are pushed by the driving piece to synchronously slide and slide from the back mold frame to the front mold frame.

Preferably, the driving piece comprises a cross rod, two pull rods are rotatably mounted on one side of the cross rod, the end heads of the pull rods are provided with threads, a second threaded hole is formed in one side of each slider, the axis of each second threaded hole is parallel to the dovetail groove, the two pull rods are correspondingly connected with the two sliders, and the end heads of the pull rods are connected in the corresponding second threaded holes in a threaded fit mode.

Preferably, the second cutting line is an iron wire, and the outer ring of the iron wire is rolled to form a group of annular grooves.

Preferably, sliding connection step post in one of them slider, second line of cut one end run through the slider and with step post one end fixed connection, the second line of cut sets up with the step post is coaxial, cup jointed supporting spring on the cylinder between the step of step post and slider, the other end and the square post one end fixed connection of second line of cut, square post with the coaxial setting of second line of cut and with another slider sliding connection relative, at square post other end fixed connection slide bar, at the curb plate one side fixed connection wave-shaped plate that the square post corresponds, wave-shaped plate and dovetail parallel arrangement, the slide bar can slide at the wave surface of wave-shaped plate.

Preferably, the outer ring of the sliding rod is sleeved with a deep groove ball bearing, the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing is fixedly connected with the sliding rod, and the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing is in contact connection with the wave surface of the wave-shaped plate.

Preferably, a group of bolts is fixedly connected to the side edge of the front mold frame contacting the rear mold frame, and jacks corresponding to the bolts one to one are arranged on the side edge of the rear mold frame contacting the front mold frame.

Preferably, the pin is in clearance fit connection with the socket.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

according to the invention, the second cutting line moves along with the two sliding blocks through the hand pulling or the jack between the cross rod and the front mold frame, the square column slides left and right during moving through the wave surface of the wave-shaped plate, and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the test piece are sawed by utilizing the annular groove structure on the surface of the iron wire, so that the end surfaces are parallel and level, thus the workload of manufacturing the test piece is reduced, and the accuracy of the experiment is improved.

Drawings

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at N;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a rear mold frame;

FIG. 4 is a front view of embodiment 2 of the present invention with the upper and lower cover plates removed;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 at M;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 4;

fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 1 at H.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the mold for a fractured rock test piece according to the present invention includes a front mold frame 11, a rear mold frame 12, an upper cover plate 13 and a lower cover plate 14, the front mold frame 11 and the rear mold frame 12 have the same structure, both the front mold frame 11 and the rear mold frame 12 are U-shaped, the front mold frame 11 and the rear mold frame 12 can be spliced to form a square column, a square cavity is formed inside the square column, and a rectangular groove 121 capable of penetrating a rectangular steel sheet between the front mold frame 11 and the rear mold frame 12 is disposed in the middle of the front mold frame 11 and the rear mold frame 12; the upper cover plate 13 and the lower cover plate 14 are both square step plates with the same structure, the upper cover plate 13 is used for sealing the upper end of a square column, the lower cover plate 14 is used for sealing the lower end of the square column, two opposite sides of the upper cover plate 13 and the lower cover plate 14 are respectively fixedly connected with a support plate 4, the middle part of the support plate 4 is provided with a through hole 41, the side edges of the front mold frame 11 and the rear mold frame 12 are provided with a first threaded hole 42 corresponding to the through hole 41, a fastening bolt penetrates through the through hole 41 and is in threaded connection with the first threaded hole 42, after the front mold frame 11 and the rear mold frame 12 are spliced, the lower cover plate 14 is firstly used for sealing the lower end, a mixture of gypsum and water is injected into a formed square column cavity, after full vibration is carried out, a little grease is smeared on a rectangular steel sheet, and the grease is penetrated through the rectangular grooves 3 of the; installing a lower cover plate 14; before the test piece is not completely solidified, pulling out the rectangular steel sheet, and stripping the mold;

specifically, the front mold frame 11 and the rear mold frame 12 both include a vertical plate 111 and two side plates 112, the two side plates 112 are respectively fixedly connected to two sides of the vertical plate 111 and perpendicular to the vertical plate 111, a horizontally arranged dovetail groove 2 is respectively arranged at the upper edge and the lower edge of the outer side of each side plate 112, a slider 21 is respectively connected in the dovetail groove 2 of the two side plates 112 of the rear mold frame 12 in a sliding manner, the two sliders 21 are connected with each other through a second cutting line 22, and cutting grooves 23 which move to avoid the second cutting line 22 are respectively arranged at the side edges of the front mold frame 11 and the rear mold frame 12; two sliders 21 promote synchronous slip through driving piece 3 and by in the preceding framed 11 of back framed 12 internal slipping, driving piece 3 includes horizontal pole 31, and two pull rods 32 of horizontal pole 31 one side rotation installation, the pull rod 32 end sets up the screw thread, and every slider 21 one side all sets up second screw hole 211, and the axis of second screw hole 211 is parallel with dovetail 2, and two sliders 21 are connected in two pull rod 32 correspondences, and the equal screw-thread fit in corresponding second screw hole 211 in the pull rod 32 end. When the mold needs to be disassembled, the pull rods 32 are screwed on the corresponding slide blocks 21 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the second cutting lines 22 move along with the two slide blocks 21 by pulling or jacking between the cross rod 31 and the front mold frame 11, so that the upper cover plate 13 and the lower cover plate 14 are separated from the test piece by the second cutting lines 22, and the test piece is prevented from corner collapse or surface cracks.

Specifically, the second cutting line 22 is an iron wire, and the outer ring of the iron wire is rolled to form a group of annular grooves; the step column 6 is connected in one of the sliding blocks 21 in a sliding mode, one end of a second cutting line 22 penetrates through the sliding block 21 and is fixedly connected with one end of the step column 6, the second cutting line 22 and the step column 6 are coaxially arranged, a supporting spring 61 is sleeved on a cylinder body between a step of the step column 6 and the sliding block 21, the other end of the second cutting line 22 is fixedly connected with one end of a square column 62, the square column 62 and the second cutting line 22 are coaxially arranged and are connected with the other sliding block 21 opposite to each other in a sliding mode, a sliding rod 63 is fixedly connected to the other end of the square column 62, a wavy plate 64 is fixedly connected to one side of a side plate 112 corresponding to the square column 62, the wavy plate 64 is arranged in parallel to the dovetail groove 2, and the sliding rod 63; the outer ring of the sliding rod 63 is sleeved with the deep groove ball bearing 7, the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing 7 is fixedly connected with the sliding rod 63, and the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 7 is connected to the wave surface of the wave-shaped plate 64 in a contact mode. Through the wave surface of wave shaped plate 64 for square column 62 is the horizontal slip when removing, and utilizes the annular groove structure on iron wire surface, saw cuts the upper and lower terminal surface of test piece, improves drawing of patterns efficiency.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1, 4, 8 and 9, in embodiment 1, the front mold frame 11 and the rear mold frame 12 are provided with sliding grooves 5 on the upper end surface and the lower end surface, the sliding grooves 5 of the front mold frame 11 and the rear mold frame 12 are spliced to form an annular shape, a sliding column 51 is respectively slidably mounted in the sliding grooves 5 on the upper end surface and the lower end surface, the two sliding columns 51 are connected through a U-shaped handle 52, one end of the U-shaped handle 52 is fixedly connected with the sliding column 51 on the upper end surface, the other end of the U-shaped handle 52 is fixedly connected with the sliding column 51 on the lower end surface, and the sliding column 51 can slide in the spliced annular sliding groove 5; a support plate 53 is fixedly connected to each sliding column 51, a first cutting line 54 is fixedly connected between the support plates 53 of the upper sliding column 51 and the lower sliding column 51, and the first cutting line 54 is attached to the inner side wall of the front mold frame 11 or the rear mold frame 12; and a kidney-shaped groove 55 is formed in one corner of the upper cover plate 13 and the lower cover plate 14, and the kidney-shaped groove 55 is used for avoiding the sliding column 51. After the upper cover plate 13 and the lower cover plate 14 are removed, the U-shaped handle 52 is held by a hand to be pulled along the outer ring of the module, the sliding columns 51 slide along the annular sliding chute 5, and the first cutting line 54 between the two sliding columns 51 cuts and separates the contact surface of the test piece and the mold, so that the problem of corner collapse of the outer side surface of the test piece or the generation of cracks on the surface is further solved.

Furthermore, the first cutting line 54 is a steel wire rope, and the steel wire rope is formed by twisting a plurality of layers of steel wires into strands; the groove bottom of the sliding groove 5 is arranged into a wave shape, and the bulges 56 in the sliding groove 5 at the upper ends of the front mold frame 11 and the rear mold frame 12 are arranged corresponding to the concave parts 57 of the sliding groove 5 at the lower end. By utilizing the convex and concave structures on the surface of the steel wire rope and matching with the wave shape at the bottom of the sliding chute 5, the sliding column 51 fluctuates up and down when moving, the steel wire rope saw cuts the surface of the test piece in a reciprocating manner up and down, and the demolding efficiency is improved.

A ball is arranged at the end of one end of the sliding column 51 contacting the bottom of the sliding chute 5 in a rolling way; the U-shaped handle 52 is circular in cross section, a sleeve 58 is sleeved on the outer ring of the middle part of the U-shaped handle 52, and the sleeve 58 is in clearance fit with the U-shaped handle 52.

A group of bolts are fixedly connected to the side edge of the front mold frame 11 contacting the rear mold frame 12, and jacks 9 corresponding to the bolts one by one are arranged on the side edge of the rear mold frame 12 contacting the front mold frame 11; the bolt is in clearance fit connection with the jack 9.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

firstly, splicing a front mold frame 11 and a rear mold frame 12 into a direction column, firstly, using a lower cover plate 14 to close the lower end, injecting a mixture of gypsum and water into a formed square column cavity, fully vibrating, smearing a little grease on a rectangular steel sheet, and penetrating the rectangular steel sheet into rectangular grooves 3 of the front mold frame 11 and the rear mold frame 12; installing an upper cover plate 13; before the test piece is not completely solidified, pulling out the rectangular steel sheet;

the second cutting line 22 moves along with the two sliding blocks 21 through the movement of the wave-shaped plate 64 and the wave surface of the wave-shaped plate 64 by hand pulling or jacking between the cross rod 31 and the front mold frame 11 through a jack, so that the square column 62 slides left and right when moving, and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the test piece are sawed by utilizing the annular groove structure on the surface of the iron wire, so that the demolding efficiency is improved, and the test piece is prevented from corner collapse or surface cracks;

after the upper cover plate 13 and the lower cover plate 14 are removed, the U-shaped handle 52 is held by a hand to be pulled along the outer ring of the module, the sliding columns 51 slide along the annular sliding chute 5, and the first cutting line 54 between the two sliding columns 51 cuts and separates the contact surface of the test piece and the mold, so that the demolding of the test piece is completed.

While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from its scope. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. The mold for the fractured rock test piece is characterized by comprising a front mold frame (11), a rear mold frame (12), an upper cover plate (13) and a lower cover plate (14), wherein the front mold frame (11) and the rear mold frame (12) have the same structure, the front mold frame (11) and the rear mold frame (12) are both U-shaped, the front mold frame (11) and the rear mold frame (12) can be spliced into a square column, a square cavity is formed inside the square column, and rectangular grooves (121) which can enable rectangular steel sheets to penetrate between the front mold frame (11) and the rear mold frame (12) are formed in the middle parts of the front mold frame (11) and the rear mold frame (12); the upper cover plate (13) and the lower cover plate (14) are both square step plates in the same structure, the upper cover plate (13) is used for sealing the upper end of a square column, the lower cover plate (14) is used for sealing the lower end of the square column, two opposite sides of the upper cover plate (13) and the lower cover plate (14) are respectively and fixedly connected with a support plate (4), a through hole (41) is formed in the middle of the support plate (4), first threaded holes (42) arranged corresponding to the through holes (41) are formed in the side edges of the front mold frame (11) and the rear mold frame (12), and a fastening bolt penetrates through the through hole (41) and is in threaded connection with the first threaded holes (42);

the front die frame (11) and the rear die frame (12) respectively comprise a vertical plate (111) and two side plates (112), the two side plates (112) are respectively fixedly connected with two sides of the vertical plate (111) and are perpendicular to the vertical plate (111), a horizontally arranged dovetail groove (2) is arranged at the upper edge and the lower edge of the outer side of each side plate (112), a sliding block (21) is respectively connected in the dovetail grooves (2) of the two side plates (112) of the rear die frame (12) in a sliding manner, the two sliding blocks (21) are connected through a second cutting line (22), and cutting grooves (23) avoiding the movement of the second cutting line (22) are respectively arranged at the side edges of the front die frame (11) and the rear die frame (12); the two sliding blocks (21) are pushed by the driving piece (3) to synchronously slide and slide into the front mold frame (11) from the rear mold frame (12);

the second cutting line (22) is an iron wire, and the outer ring of the second cutting line is rolled to form a group of annular grooves;

a group of bolts are fixedly connected to the side edge of the front mold frame (11) contacting the rear mold frame (12), and jacks (9) corresponding to the bolts one by one are arranged on the side edge of the rear mold frame (12) contacting the front mold frame (11).

2. A mold for a fractured rock-like test piece according to claim 1, wherein: the driving piece (3) comprises a cross rod (31), two pull rods (32) are rotatably mounted on one side of the cross rod (31), the ends of the pull rods (32) are provided with threads, a second threaded hole (211) is formed in one side of each sliding block (21), the axis of each second threaded hole (211) is parallel to the dovetail groove (2), the two pull rods (32) are correspondingly connected with the two sliding blocks (21), and the ends of the pull rods (32) are connected in corresponding second threaded holes (211) in a threaded fit mode.

3. A mold for a fractured rock-like test piece according to claim 1, wherein: one of the slide blocks (21) is connected with the step column (6) in a sliding way, one end of a second cutting line (22) penetrates through the slide block (21) and is fixedly connected with one end of the step column (6), the second cutting line (22) and the step column (6) are coaxially arranged, a support spring (61) is sleeved on the column body between the step of the step column (6) and the slide block (21), the other end of the second cutting line (22) is fixedly connected with one end of a square column (62), the square column (62) and the second cutting line (22) are coaxially arranged and are in sliding connection with the other slide block (21) which is opposite, a sliding rod (63) is fixedly connected at the other end of the square column (62), a wave-shaped plate (64) is fixedly connected at one side of the side plate (112) corresponding to the square column (62), the wave-shaped plate (64) is arranged in parallel with the dovetail groove (2), and the sliding rod (63) can slide on the wave surface of the wave-shaped plate (64).

4. A mould for a fractured rock-like test piece according to claim 3, wherein: the outer ring of the sliding rod (63) is sleeved with the deep groove ball bearing (7), the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing (7) is fixedly connected with the sliding rod (63), and the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing (7) is connected to the wave surface of the wave-shaped plate (64) in a contact mode.

5. A mold for a fractured rock-like test piece according to claim 1, wherein: the bolt is in clearance fit connection with the jack (9).