CN109812989A - A kind of long-distance intelligent control heat pipe type solar hold over system - Google Patents
A kind of long-distance intelligent control heat pipe type solar hold over system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109812989A CN109812989A CN201910193850.0A CN201910193850A CN109812989A CN 109812989 A CN109812989 A CN 109812989A CN 201910193850 A CN201910193850 A CN 201910193850A CN 109812989 A CN109812989 A CN 109812989A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 40
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 33
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 14
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 208000017667 Chronic Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of solar heat-preservation systems, including reflecting mirror and thermal-collecting tube, the thermal-collecting tube is located at the focal position of reflecting mirror, and first valve, the second valve and the first temperature sensor, second temperature sensor and third temperature sensor and central controller carry out data connection；Controller passes to cloud server by the temperature of the heat-storing material of measurement, into the data of the water temperature of storage heater, then client is sent to by cloud server, the client is mobile phone, the mobile phone installs APP program, user can select to automatically control in client or the operating mode of hand-guided, controller root control the operating mode of client's selection to control the opening and closing of the first valve, the second valve.The present invention provides a kind of long-distance intelligent control solar heat-preservation system, realize that the remote intelligent of solar heat-preservation system detects and controls.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of thermal-arrest Manifold technology more particularly to a kind of thermal-collecting tubes of the heat pipe of Novel structure.
Background technique
Hot pipe technique is George Ge Luofo of U.S. Los Alamos (Los Alamos) National Laboratory in 1963
One kind of (George Grover) invention is known as the heat transfer element of " heat pipe ", it takes full advantage of heat-conduction principle and phase transformation is situated between
The heat of thermal objects is transmitted to outside heat source rapidly by the quick thermal transport property of matter through heat pipe, and the capacity of heat transmission is more than to appoint
The capacity of heat transmission of what known metal.
The industries such as aerospace, military project were widely used in front of hot pipe technique, since being introduced into storage heater manufacturing, so that
People change the mentality of designing of traditional storage heater, get rid of the list for obtaining more preferable accumulation of heat effect by high air quantity motor merely
One radiating mode makes storage heater obtain satisfied heat transfer effect using hot pipe technique, opens heat dissipation industry new world.At present
Heat pipe is widely used in various heat exchange equipments, including power domain, such as the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN of power plant etc..
Thermal-collecting tube is the mechanical equipment for water being heated as using the thermal energy of fuel or other energy steam.Thermal-collecting tube application
Field is extensive, is widely used in clothing factory, drycleaner's, restaurant, steamed bun shop, dining room, dining room, factories and miness, the places such as Bean Products Factory.At present
Thermal-collecting tube be also widely used in the treatment of various diseases, be particularly applied to muscle, ligament etc. because of aging and old damage
The treatment of caused chronic disease, such as CN2167709Y patent, but at present in the prior art, such as CN2167709Y special
Benefit, because directly generating steam by heating, the vapor (steam) temperature that will lead to generation is excessively high, and will lead in the steam of generation
Excess moisture, and drug is because be that particle it is possible that will appear is deposited on lower part, effective component contains in the steam sprayed
Measure too low, and temperature is excessively high, and intelligence degree is not high in the prior art, can not carry out effective intelligent operation.
In background technique, when utilizing solar energy heating thermal-collecting tube, solar energy perhaps directly heats thermal-collecting tube or by two
Secondary heat exchange generates steam, especially directly heats thermal-collecting tube, carries out thermal-collecting tube top using the heat convection inside thermal-collecting tube
It exchanges heat with the fluid convection of lower part, but needs lower part hot fluid free convection to top in such cases, heat exchange efficiency is low.
The degree of automation of solar thermal collector is not high at present, although the prior art also carries out the intelligent control of solar energy
Research, but be not many for the Intelligent Control Research of heat collector, in view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of new
The solar heat-preservation device system of intelligent control, thus the intelligent control during Solar use.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is improved on the basis of invention in front, a kind of new structure is provided
Solar energy heat collection pipe makes full use of heat source, reduces energy consumption.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is improved on the basis of invention in front, a kind of new heat pipe knot is provided
Structure thermal-collecting tube, to realize making full use of for solar energy.
To achieve the goals above, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of solar heat-preservation system, the system comprises heat collector and storage heater, the heat collector include reflecting mirror and
Thermal-collecting tube, the thermal-collecting tube are located at the focal position of reflecting mirror；The heat collector is connected to form circulation loop with storage heater, thermal-arrest
Pipe absorbs solar energy, and the water after heating enters storage heater by outlet, exchanges heat in storage heater；
The first valve and the first temperature sensor are set on the storage heater pipeline, is respectively used to control and enters in storage heater
Water flow and detection enter the temperature of the water in storage heater, it is in parallel that the solar thermal collection system also sets up storage heater pipeline
Bypass line, the second valve and second temperature sensor are set on the bypass line, are respectively used on control bypass line
The flow of water and the temperature of detection water；Third temperature sensor is set in the storage heater, for detecting accumulation of heat material in storage heater
The temperature of material；First valve, the second valve and first temperature sensor, second temperature sensor and third temperature pass
Sensor and central controller carry out data connection；
Controller passes to cloud server by the temperature of the heat-storing material of measurement, into the data of the water temperature of storage heater,
Then client is sent to by cloud server, the client is mobile phone, and the mobile phone installs APP program, and user can be with
It selects to automatically control in client or the operating mode of hand-guided, controller root controls the operating mode of client's selection to control
The opening and closing of first valve, the second valve.
Preferably, user obtains the temperature of heat-storing material according to client, enters under the operating mode of hand-guided
The data of the water temperature of storage heater, in the opening and closing of client hand-guided the first valve, the second valve.
Preferably, under the operating mode of automatic control, preferably, if the temperature of detection heat-storing material be higher than into
Enter the water temperature of storage heater, then central controller automatically controls the first valve and closes, while the second valve is opened.
Preferably, central controller is certainly if the water temperature of second temperature sensor detection is higher than the temperature of heat-storing material
The first valve of dynamic control is opened, and the second valve is closed.
Preferably, heat pipe is arranged inside thermal-collecting tube, the heat pipe includes header and radiating end, and the header setting is collecting
The bottom of heat pipe, the radiating end are connected to header, and since the radiating end upwardly extend collecting upper box part, and the radiating end is
More, the bottom of the header is connected on the inner wall of thermal-collecting tube.Preferably, the bottom of the lower end of the heat pipe is thermal-collecting tube
Inner wall.
Preferably, communicating pipe is arranged between at least two adjacent radiating ends.
Preferably, the center of thermal-collecting tube is located at the focal position of reflecting mirror.
Preferably, header is arranged in the bottom of the thermal-collecting tube, the radiating end lower part is connected to header.
Preferably, the lower wall surface of the header is the face of the bottom of thermal-collecting tube.
The outer diameter of radiating end be d, the distance between adjacent radiating end center of circle of same row be S, the center of circle of radiating end with
The apex angle that two closed on the radiating end center of circle of adjacent row constitutes isosceles triangle is A, then meets claimed below:
Sin (A)=a* (d/S)3-b*(d/S)2+ c* (d/S)+e, wherein a, b, c, e are parameters, meet following require:
8.20<a<8.22,6.19<b<6.21；0.062<c<0.063,0.83<e<0.84,0.12<d/S<0.55.
Preferably, a=8.21, b=6.20, c=0.0625, d=0.835；
Preferably, the thermal-collecting tube is more, described more are parallel-connection structure.
Preferably, the thermal-collecting tube is more, described more are series and parallel mixed structure.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that:
1) the present invention provides a kind of intelligent control solar heat-preservation system, central controller is according to the heat-storing material of detection
Temperature and enter the water temperature of storage heater device and remotely to control the opening and closing of the first valve, the second valve, realize solar heat-preservation system
The remote intelligent of system detects and controls.
2) present invention improves solar energy heat collection pipe, by the way that heat pipe is arranged in thermal-arrest bottom of the tube, is passed by heat pipe
Solar energy is quickly transmitted to the top of thermal-collecting tube by the fast feature of thermal velocity, improves the heat transfer rate to solar energy, can
The absorbability of further satisfaction heat.
3) will be set communicating pipe between adjacent radiating end, by the way that communicating pipe is arranged, can be heated to avoid between radiating end
Unevenly, realize that the pressure between radiating end is balanced, defect caused by avoiding the uneven heating between different radiating ends even.
4) changing rule of the invention by crossing distributed quantity and caliber communicating pipe, can guarantee in process fluid flow
In reach as soon as possible pressure equilibrium.
5) a large amount of numerical simulation and experimental study have been carried out to the regularity of distribution of radiating end, has been summarized on the basis of research
The relational expression of optimal radiating end distribution.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 solar energy system schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is solar energy heat collection pipe structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of thermal-collecting tube setting communicating pipe of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is radiating end horizontal plane projection structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that thermal-collecting tube of the present invention passes parallel-connection structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is control structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the sizing figure of Fig. 4.
In figure: 1- reflective mirror, 2- thermal-collecting tube, 3-heat pipe heat radiation ends, 4- heat utilization device, 5- heat collector, 6- communicating pipe, 7-
Central controller, 8- outlet, 9- inlet tube, 10- temperature sensor, 11- valve, 12- temperature sensor, 13- valve, 14-
Valve, 15- valve, 16- temperature sensor, 17- header, 18- cloud server, 19- client
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Herein, if without specified otherwise, it is related to formula, "/" indicates that division, "×", " * " indicate multiplication.
Fig. 1 discloses a kind of solar energy system, and the solar energy system includes solar thermal collector 5 and heat utilization device 4,
The solar thermal collector absorbs solar energy, heats the fluid flowed through, then fluid enters heat utilization device and utilized.
If Fig. 2-5 discloses a kind of trough type solar heat-collector 5 using heat pipe, the heat collector includes 1 He of reflecting mirror
Thermal-collecting tube 2, the thermal-collecting tube 2 are located at the focal position of reflecting mirror 1, and solar energy reflection is used for by the reflecting mirror 1 to thermal-collecting tube 2
The water in thermal-collecting tube 2 is heated, the heat collector further includes the heat pipe being arranged in thermal-collecting tube 2, as shown in Figure 1, the heat pipe is set
It sets inside thermal-collecting tube 2, the heat pipe includes header 17 and radiating end 3, and the bottom of thermal-collecting tube 2, institute is arranged in the header 17
It states radiating end 3 to be connected to header 17, the radiating end 3 is upwardly extended since 17 top wall surface of header, and the radiating end 3 is more
The bottom of root, the header 17 is connected on the inner wall of thermal-collecting tube 2.
Traditional solar thermal collector is all to generate steam by direct irradiation of sunlight thermal-collecting tube, inside thermal-collecting tube
Heat convection come carry out thermal-collecting tube upper and lower part fluid convection heat exchange, but need in such cases lower part hot fluid from
It so is by convection into top, heat exchange efficiency is low, and the present invention is by being arranged heat pipe in thermal-arrest bottom of the tube, because of the gas inside after heat pipe is heated
Body evaporates the evaporation ends on the top of the heat pipe of rising at once, exchanges heat on top, and such heat is just quickly transmitted to thermal-arrest
Pipe top can quickly improve heat exchange efficiency, improve solar energy heating utilization rate.
The present invention, can by heat first being concentrated in header, heat pipe heat radiation end is then passed in lower end setting header
Quickly to transfer heat away from.
Preferably, the bottom of the header 17 is the inner wall of thermal-collecting tube 2.Can be used as heat pipe and thermal-collecting tube
One entirety reduces thermal contact resistance using the inner wall of thermal-collecting tube as the lower end wall surface of heat pipe, so that compact overall structure,
Preferably, the thermal-collecting tube and heat pipe are to be integrated.
Preferably, communicating pipe 6 is arranged between at least two adjacent radiating ends 3.Such as it is as shown in figure 3, adjacent to each other
Two radiating ends 3 between be arranged communicating pipe 6.Certainly, Fig. 3 is only schematic diagram, although showing only two radiating ends,
Only two radiating ends are not indicated., can be even to avoid uneven heating between radiating end 3 by the way that communicating pipe 6 is arranged, realize heat dissipation
Pressure between end is balanced, defect caused by avoiding the uneven heating between different radiating ends even.
Preferably, being continuously increased the distance between adjacent communicating pipe 6 from 3 lower part of radiating end to 3 top of radiating end.Cause
Solar energy, the then heat release in thermal-collecting tube are absorbed in bottom for heat pipe.With flowing up for radiating end vertical portion fluid, stream
The continuous heat release of body, with the continuous heat release of fluid, the pressure in different radiating ends is gradually decreased, therefore by above-mentioned setting,
It can guarantee to reach pressure equilibrium as soon as possible in process fluid flow, save communicating pipe quantity, energy-saving material.
Preferably, from 3 lower part of radiating end to 3 top of radiating end, the distance between adjacent communicating pipe 6 ever-increasing width
It spends increasing.It is found through experiments that, above-mentioned setting, can guarantee that more excellent in process fluid flow to reach pressure equal faster
Weighing apparatus.This is also the optimal mode of communicating got and largely studying pressure changes in distribution rule.
Preferably, from 3 lower part of radiating end to 3 top of radiating end, the diameter of communicating pipe 6 constantly reduces.This purpose be for
Setting guarantees bigger connection area, because of flowing up with fluid, the continuous heat release of fluid, as fluid is continuous
Heat release, the pressure in different radiating ends is smaller and smaller, therefore by above-mentioned setting, can guarantee in process fluid flow as early as possible
Reach pressure equilibrium.
Preferably, the ever-reduced amplitude of the diameter of communicating pipe 6 is increasingly from 3 lower part of radiating end to 3 top of radiating end
Greatly.Be found through experiments that, above-mentioned setting, can guarantee in process fluid flow it is more excellent faster reach pressure equilibrium.This
It is the optimal mode of communicating got and largely studying pressure changes in distribution rule.
Preferably, the center of thermal-collecting tube is located at the focal position of reflecting mirror.It is located at reflecting mirror coke by thermal-collecting tube center
Point position, it is ensured that thermal-collecting tube Omnidirectional heating is uniform.
Preferably, flowing through medical fluid in the thermal-collecting tube.The thermal-collecting tube is a kind of thermal-collecting tube of medicine liquid heating function.
Preferably, thermal-collecting tube 2 is more, the more thermal-collecting tubes are cascaded structure.
Preferably, as shown in figure 5, the more thermal-collecting tubes are series-parallel mixed structure.
The radiating end be it is multiple, along header top wall surface center line to two side directions, the distribution of the radiating end
Density is smaller and smaller.Numerical simulation and it was found that, along thermal-arrest bottom of the tube center radially outward direction, heat pipe
Received heat is smaller and smaller, and the temperature of the radiating end of different location is also different, to cause local heating uneven.Because more
Close to center, the solar energy of focusing is more, and received heat is increasing, and exchange capability of heat is caused also to increase, and therefore, the present invention passes through
It is different in the density of the different location setting radiating end of thermal-arrest bottom of the tube, so that the integral heat sink end temperature made keeps basic phase
Together, to improve whole heat exchange efficiency, material is saved, local damage caused by non-uniform temperature is avoided, extends making for heat pipe
Use the service life.
Preferably, the distribution density of the radiating end is increasingly along header top wall surface center line to two side directions
Small amplitude constantly increases.As the variation of radiating end distribution density, the present invention has carried out a large amount of numerical simulation and experiment,
To obtain the changing rule of above-mentioned radiating end distribution density.By above-mentioned changing rule, material can be saved, simultaneously also
It can be improved 9% or so heat exchange efficiency.
Preferably, the diameter and length of each radiating end 3 are identical.
Preferably, the radiating end 3 be it is multiple, it is described to dissipate along header top wall surface center line to two side directions
The caliber in hot end is smaller and smaller.The reason of concrete reason is with front radiating end distribution density is identical.
Preferably, along header top wall surface center line to two side directions, the caliber of the radiating end is smaller and smaller
Amplitude constantly increases.The reason of concrete reason is with front radiating end distribution density is identical.
Preferably, the distribution density and length of all radiating ends 3 are all identical.
The radiating end 3 be it is multiple, along the flow direction of thermal-arrest tube fluid, the distribution density of the radiating end is got over
Come bigger.Numerical simulation and it was found that, along fluid flow direction, fluid temperature (F.T.) is higher and higher, thus fluid inhale
Thermal energy power is gradually reduced, and radiating end heat-sinking capability is gradually reduced, therefore the temperature for the radiating end of different location occur is also different,
To cause local heating uneven.The present invention is different by the density that radiating end is arranged in the different location in thermal-collecting tube, thus
Make along fluid flow direction, the emission capacity of radiating end constantly declines, and by being distributed more radiating ends, makes its dispersion heat
Amount, to improve whole heat exchange efficiency, saves material, avoids temperature so that integral heat sink end temperature keeps essentially identical
Local damage caused by degree is uneven, extends the service life of heat pipe.
Preferably, along the flow direction of thermal-arrest tube fluid, the increasing width of the distribution density of the radiating end
Degree is continuous to be increased.As the variation of radiating end distribution density, the present invention has carried out a large amount of numerical simulation and experiment, thus
To the changing rule of above-mentioned radiating end distribution density.By above-mentioned changing rule, material can be saved, while can also be mentioned
High 9% or so heat exchange efficiency.
Preferably, the diameter and length of each radiating end 3 are identical.
Preferably, the length of thermal-collecting tube is C, along thermal-collecting tube fluid flow direction, the density of the radiating end of front end
It is MTail, then apart from radiating end front end, distance is that the radiating end density M rule of the position l is as follows: M=b*MTail+c*MTail*(l/C)a,
Wherein a, b, c are coefficients, meet following require:
1.075 < a < 1.119,0.94 <b+c < 0.99,0.465 <b < 0.548.
Preferably, a is gradually reduced as l/C increases.
Preferably, 1.09 < a < 1.11, b+c=0.99,0.503 <b < 0.508；
The formula of above-mentioned optimization is obtained with numerical simulation through a large number of experiments, enables to the distribution of radiating end close
Spend the distribution for being optimal, can uniform heat distribution, good effect of heat exchange on the whole, while material can be saved.
Preferably, the radiating end be it is multiple, along the flow direction of thermal-arrest tube fluid, the pipe of the radiating end
Diameter is increasing.
Preferably, the smaller and smaller amplitude of the caliber of the radiating end is not along the flow direction of thermal-arrest tube fluid
Disconnected increase.Concrete reason is referring to radiating end variable density.
Preferably, the distribution density and length of all radiating ends are all identical.
Along flow of flue gas direction, the length of thermal-collecting tube is C, along flow of flue gas direction, the heat dissipation of thermal-collecting tube front end
The caliber at end is DTail, then apart from radiating end tail portion, distance is that the radiating end caliber D rule of the position l is as follows:
D2=b* (DTail)2+c*(DTail)2*(l/C)a, wherein a, b, c are coefficients, meet following require:
1.085 < a < 1.125,0.985 <b+c < 1.015,0.485 <b < 0.645.
Preferably, a is gradually reduced as l/C increases.
Preferably, 1.093 < a < 1.106, b+c=1,0.548 <b < 0.573；
The formula of above-mentioned optimization is obtained with numerical simulation through a large number of experiments, enables to the distribution of radiating end close
Spend the distribution for being optimal, can uniform heat distribution, good effect of heat exchange on the whole, while material can be saved.
Preferably, the radiating end 3 be it is multiple, along the flow direction of thermal-arrest tube fluid, the communicating pipe
Distribution density is increasing.Numerical simulation and it was found that, along fluid flow direction, fluid temperature (F.T.) is higher and higher,
Therefore fluid heat absorption capacity is gradually reduced, and radiating end heat-sinking capability is gradually reduced, therefore the radiating end of different location occurs
Temperature is also different, to cause local heating uneven.The close of communicating pipe is arranged by the different location in thermal-collecting tube in the present invention
Degree is different, thus make along fluid flow direction, the emission capacity of radiating end constantly declines, and passes through the more connections of distribution
Pipe makes it disperse pressure, so that integral heat sink end temperature keeps essentially identical, to improve whole heat exchange efficiency, saves
About material avoids local damage caused by non-uniform temperature, extends the service life of heat pipe.
Preferably, along the flow direction of thermal-arrest tube fluid, the increasing width of the distribution density of the communicating pipe
Degree is continuous to be increased.As the variation of communicating pipe distribution density, the present invention has carried out a large amount of numerical simulation and experiment, thus
To the changing rule of above-mentioned radiating end distribution density.By above-mentioned changing rule, material can be saved, while can also be mentioned
High 9% or so heat exchange efficiency.
Preferably, the diameter and length of each communicating pipe are identical.
Preferably, the radiating end 3 be it is multiple, along the flow direction of thermal-arrest tube fluid, the communicating pipe
Diameter is increasing.Numerical simulation and it was found that, along fluid flow direction, fluid temperature (F.T.) is higher and higher, therefore
Fluid heat absorption capacity is gradually reduced, and radiating end heat-sinking capability is gradually reduced, therefore the temperature of the radiating end of different location occurs
Also different, to cause local heating uneven.The diameter of communicating pipe is arranged not by the different location in thermal-collecting tube in the present invention
Together, thus make along fluid flow direction, the emission capacity of radiating end constantly declines, and by being distributed more communicating pipes, makes
It disperses heat, so that integral heat sink end temperature keeps essentially identical, to improve whole heat exchange efficiency, saves material
Material, avoids local damage caused by non-uniform temperature, extends the service life of heat pipe.
Preferably, the increasing amplitude of the diameter of the communicating pipe is not along the flow direction of thermal-arrest tube fluid
Disconnected increase.As the variation of connection pipe diameter, the present invention has carried out a large amount of numerical simulation and experiment, to obtain above-mentioned
The changing rule of radiating end distribution density.By above-mentioned changing rule, material can be saved, while 9% left side can also be improved
Right heat exchange efficiency.
Preferably, the distribution density of the communicating pipe and the length of every communicating pipe are all identical.
Preferably, as shown in figure 4, from top downwards from, or horizontal plane projection on, the radiating end is more
Row, wherein adjacent two rows are to be staggered in arrangement；The center of circle of radiating end and two closed on the radiating end center of circle of adjacent row constitute isosceles
Triangle, the center of circle of the radiating end are located at the position of the point of isosceles triangle apex angle.
Pass through numerical simulation and experiment discovery, the distance between radiating end 3, between distance and adjacent row including same row
Distance cannot be too small, it is too small to will lead to that radiating end distribution is excessive, cause the caloric receptivity of every radiating end insufficient, it is excessive to will lead to
Radiating end distribution is very little, causes radiating end to overheat, therefore the application is summed up by a large amount of numerical simulation and experiment to radiate
The distribution of the optimization of 3 distribution of end, the deficiency so that radiating end can neither recept the caloric, and it is excessive to recept the caloric.
As shown in figure 4, from top downwards from, perhaps horizontal plane projection on or on the top wall surface of header, dissipate
The outer diameter in hot end is d, and the distance between adjacent radiating end center of circle of same row is S, the center of circle of radiating end and facing for adjacent row
The apex angle that two close radiating end centers of circle constitute isosceles triangle is A, then meets claimed below:
Sin (A)=a* (d/S)3-b*(d/S)2+ c* (d/S)+e, wherein a, b, c, e are parameters, meet following require:
8.20<a<8.22,6.19<b<6.21；0.062<c<0.063,0.83<e<0.84,0.12<d/S<0.55.
Preferably, a=8.21, b=6.20, c=0.0625, d=0.835；
Preferably, gradually becoming smaller with d/S, a is increasing, and b is smaller and smaller, and c is increasing, and e is increasing.
Preferably, 15 ° < A < 80 °.
Further preferably, 20 ° < A < 40 °.
Further preferably, 0.3 < d/S < 0.5.
Preferably, a is increasing along the flow direction of thermal-arrest tube fluid, b is smaller and smaller, and c is increasing, and e is got over
Come bigger.
Above-mentioned empirical equation is the form for being obtained by a large amount of numerical simulations and experiment, and taking 3 rank multinomials.It is logical
The structure that above-mentioned relation formula obtains is crossed, the heat dissipation end structure of optimization can be further realized, and pass through verification experimental verification, error
Substantially within 2.5%, so that error further reduces.
Preferably, thermal-collecting tube caliber is 400-600 millimeters, further preferably 500 millimeters.
Radiating end outside diameter d is 9-12 millimeters, further preferably 11mm.
Further preferably, a kind of improved solar energy system, as shown in fig. 6, the system comprises heat collectors 5, heat utilization
Device 4, the heat collector include thermal-collecting tube 2, and the thermal-collecting tube 2 is connected to form circulation loop with heat utilization device 4, thermal-collecting tube 2
Solar energy is absorbed, the water after heating enters heat utilization device 4 by outlet 8, after being exchanged heat in heat utilization device 4,
The water flowed out in heat utilization device 4 enters in thermal-collecting tube 2 in inlet tube 9 to be heated.
Preferably, the heat utilization device 4 is storage heater 4.
Preferably, valve 15 and temperature sensor 16 are arranged on the storage heater pipeline, it is respectively used to control and enters storage
The flow of water in hot device 4 and detection enter the temperature of the water in storage heater 4, and similarly, the solar heat-preservation system is also set up
Valve 13 and temperature sensor 12 are arranged on the bypass line, is respectively used to control for the bypass line of storage heater pipeline parallel connection
The temperature of the flow of water and detection water on bypass line.Temperature sensor is set in the storage heater 4, for detecting in storage heater
The temperature of heat-storing material.The temperature sensor of the valve 13,15 and temperature sensor 12,16 and heat-storing material and center
Controller 7 carries out data connection.
Temperature sensor 10 is set on heat collector outlet 8, for detecting the water temperature on heat collector outlet 8, heat collector
Setting outlet tube valve 11 on outlet 8, the heat collector outlet pipe temp sensor, outlet tube valve 11 and center control
7 data connection of device.
Temperature sensor is set in thermal-collecting tube, for detecting the water temperature in thermal-collecting tube.The temperature sensor and center are controlled
7 data connection of device processed.
The controller 7 connects cloud server 18, and cloud server 18 is connect with client 19, and wherein controller 7 will
Cloud server 18 is given in the data transmitting (including all the sensors data, valve data etc.) of measurement, then passes through cloud service
Device 18 sends client 19 to, and the client 19 is mobile phone, and the mobile phone installs APP program.User can be in client reality
When detect related data.
The main object of the present invention is to realize that the remote intelligent of solar heat-preservation system detects and controls, and the present invention passes through
Multiple embodiments realize technical effect of the invention below.
1. embodiment one
It is improved as one, controller 7 is by the temperature of the heat-storing material of measurement, the data of water temperature into storage heater, valve
The opening and closing data of door 13,15 pass to cloud server 18, then send client 19, the visitor to by cloud server 18
Family end 19 is mobile phone, and the mobile phone installs APP program, and user can automatically control in the selection of client 19 or the work of hand-guided
The operating mode of operation mode, controller 7 control client's selections carrys out the opening and closing of control valve 13,15.
By the way that either manually or automatically control model is arranged, a kind of control mode of more means can be provided for user, is mentioned
The high intelligence degree of system.
Preferably, under the operating mode of hand-guided, user obtained according to client 19 heat-storing material temperature, into
The data for entering the water temperature of storage heater, in the opening and closing of 19 hand-guided valve 13,15 of client.
Preferably, under the operating mode of automatic control, central controller 7 according to the temperature of the heat-storing material of detection and
Carry out the opening and closing of autocontrol valve 13,15 into the water temperature of storage heater.
It is preferred that valve 15 is opened in normal course of operation, valve 13 is closed.
If the temperature of heat-storing material is greater than or equal to the water temperature into storage heater, 7 autocontrol valve of central controller
Door 15 is closed, while valve 13 is opened.Guarantee that water does not enter storage heater, because if water enters storage heater 4 at this time, does not have not only
The effect of accumulation of heat is played, instead by the heat transfer water supply in heat-storing material, to reduce accumulation of heat effect.Therefore by such
Measure can save the energy.
If the water temperature that bypass line temperature sensor 12 detects is higher than the temperature certain temperature of heat-storing material, center control
Device autocontrol valve 15 is opened, and valve 13 is closed, and is guaranteed that water is able to enter storage heater 4, is played the effect of accumulation of heat.
Preferably, the certain temperature is 5-10 degrees Celsius.
Preferably, multiple temperature sensors 16 are arranged on the storage heater pipeline water inlet pipe, passed by multiple temperature
Sensor 16 measures the temperature of water on storage heater pipeline water inlet pipe.
Preferably, the average value of the temperature for the water that central controller 7 is measured by multiple temperature sensors 16 controls
The opening and closing of valve 13,15.
Preferably, the minimum of the temperature for the water that central controller 7 is measured by multiple temperature sensors 16 controls
The opening and closing of valve 13,15.By taking minimum, it is capable of the further accuracy of data.
Preferably, accumulator inlet pipe is arranged in close to the position of storage heater 4 at least one described temperature sensor.
Preferably, the tie point of the bypass conduit and storage heater pipeline is close to accumulator inlet.It thus is avoided that
The cold water left when storing too many last closing valve 15 on storage heater pipeline.
2. embodiment two
It is improved as one, controller 7 is by the temperature of 4 inlet tube of storage heater of measurement, the temperature of heat collector outlet water
Data pass to cloud server 18, then send client 19 to by cloud server 18, and the client 19 is mobile phone,
The mobile phone installs APP program, and user can automatically control in the selection of client 19 or the operating mode of hand-guided, controller
The operating mode of 7 control client's selections carrys out the opening and closing of control valve 13,15.
By the way that either manually or automatically control model is arranged, a kind of control mode of more means can be provided for user, is mentioned
The high intelligence degree of system.
Preferably, user obtains the temperature of 4 inlet tube of storage heater according to client 19 under the operating mode of hand-guided
The temperature data of degree, heat collector outlet water, in the opening and closing of 19 hand-guided valve 13,15 of client.
Preferably, the central controller 7 enters according to the storage heater 4 of detection under the operating mode of automatic control
Temperature, the temperature of heat collector outlet water and the temperature of bypass line of mouth pipe carry out the opening and closing of autocontrol valve 13,15.
If the temperature for the accumulator inlet pipe that central controller 7 detects is lower than the temperature of the heat-storing material of storage heater,
7 automatic-closing valve 15 of central controller opens valve 13.The water between valve 11 and 15 can be guaranteed by opening valve 13
It can be recycled to by bypass line in heat collector and be heated again, while the temperature that do not meet emptied between valve 13,15 is wanted
The water asked.Water in thermal-collecting tube 2 continues through solar energy heating, when the water temperature in heat collector outlet is more than heat-storing material temperature
When certain numerical value, preferably greater than 10 degrees Celsius or more, valve 15 is opened, and valve 13 is closed, so that water enters in storage heater
It radiates.
By above-mentioned measure, storage heater accumulation of heat can be made to realize intelligentized control method.
Preferably, the position on heat collector outlet close to heat collector is arranged in the valve 11.Make to obtain in this way
Cold water will not be substantially stored on mouth pipeline 17, guarantees accumulation of heat effect.
Preferably, the multiple temperature sensors of setting in the outlet port of the heat collector or outlet header, pass through
Multiple temperature sensors measure the temperature of water.
Preferably, temperature sensor is arranged at 2 outlet header position of thermal-collecting tube, water is measured by temperature sensor
Temperature.
Preferably, central controller 7 is by the average value of the temperature of the water of multiple temperature sensor measurements come control valve
The opening and closing of door 11,13,15.
Preferably, central controller 7 is by the minimum of the temperature of the water of multiple temperature sensor measurements come control valve
The opening and closing of door 11,13,15.By taking minimum, it can guarantee that the temperature of the water of all positions in thermal-collecting tube 2 can reach
To utilizable temperature.
Preferably, the position in thermal-collecting tube 2 close to heat collector inlet tube 9 is arranged at least one described temperature sensor
It sets.
Preferably, the position in thermal-collecting tube 2 close to heat collector outlet 8 is arranged at least one described temperature sensor
It sets.
Preferably, the tie point of the bypass conduit and storage heater pipeline is close to accumulator inlet.It thus is avoided that
The cold water left when storing too many last closing valve 15 on storage heater pipeline.
3. embodiment three
It is improved as one, controller 7 passes the temperature of 4 inlet tube of storage heater of measurement, the temperature of heat collector Guan Zhongshui
Cloud server 18 is passed, client 19 is then sent to by cloud server 18, the client 19 is mobile phone, the hand
Machine installs APP program, and user can automatically control in the selection of client 19 or the operating mode of hand-guided, controller 7 controls
The operating mode of client's selection processed carrys out the opening and closing of control valve 11,13,15.
By the way that either manually or automatically control model is arranged, a kind of control mode of more means can be provided for user, is mentioned
The high intelligence degree of system.
Preferably, user obtains the temperature of 4 inlet tube of storage heater according to client 19 under the operating mode of hand-guided
The temperature data of degree, heat collector Guan Zhongshui, in the opening and closing of 19 hand-guided valve 11,13,15 of client.
Preferably, the central controller 7 enters according to the storage heater 4 of detection under the operating mode of automatic control
Temperature, the temperature of heat collector Guan Zhongshui and the temperature of bypass line of mouth pipe carry out the closing of autocontrol valve 11,13,15.
If the temperature for the accumulator inlet pipe that central controller 7 detects is lower than the temperature of the heat-storing material of storage heater,
7 automatic-closing valve 15 of central controller and valve 11 open valve 13.Water in thermal-collecting tube 2 continues through solar energy heating,
When the water temperature in thermal-collecting tube is more than heat-storing material temperature certain numerical value, preferably greater than 10 degrees Celsius or more, 11,15 dozens, valve
It opens, valve 13 is closed, so that water, which enters, carries out accumulation of heat in storage heater.
By above-mentioned measure, storage heater accumulation of heat can be made to realize intelligentized control method.
Preferably, the position on heat collector outlet close to heat collector is arranged in the valve 11.Make to obtain in this way
Cold water will not be substantially stored on mouth pipeline 17, guarantees accumulation of heat effect.
Preferably, the multiple temperature sensors of setting in the outlet port of the heat collector or outlet header, pass through
Multiple temperature sensors measure the temperature of water.
Preferably, temperature sensor is arranged at 2 outlet header position of thermal-collecting tube, water is measured by temperature sensor
Temperature.
Preferably, central controller 7 is by the average value of the temperature of the water of multiple temperature sensor measurements come control valve
The opening and closing of door 11,13,15.
Preferably, central controller 7 is by the minimum of the temperature of the water of multiple temperature sensor measurements come control valve
The opening and closing of door 11,13,15.By taking minimum, it can guarantee that the temperature of the water of all positions in thermal-collecting tube 2 can reach
To utilizable temperature.
Preferably, the position in thermal-collecting tube 2 close to heat collector inlet tube 9 is arranged at least one described temperature sensor
It sets.
Preferably, the position in thermal-collecting tube 2 close to heat collector outlet 8 is arranged at least one described temperature sensor
It sets.
Preferably, the tie point of the bypass conduit and storage heater pipeline is close to accumulator inlet.It thus is avoided that
The cold water left when storing too many last closing valve 15 on storage heater pipeline.
4. example IV
Further improvement of the example IV as embodiment two.
Controller 7 is by the temperature number of the temperature of 4 inlet tube of storage heater of measurement, the temperature of heat-storing material and bypass line
According to cloud server 18 is passed to, client 19 is then sent to by cloud server 18, the client 19 is mobile phone, institute
Mobile phone installation APP program is stated, user can automatically control in the selection of client 19 or the operating mode of hand-guided, controller 7
The operating mode of root control client's selection carrys out the opening and closing of control valve 11,13,15.
By the way that either manually or automatically control model is arranged, a kind of control mode of more means can be provided for user, is mentioned
The high intelligence degree of system.
Preferably, under the operating mode of hand-guided, temperature of the user according to 4 inlet tube of storage heater, heat-storing material
Temperature and bypass line temperature data, in the opening and closing of 19 hand-guided valve 11,13,15 of client.
Preferably, under the operating mode of automatic control, if the temperature for the accumulator inlet pipe that central controller 7 detects
Degree is lower than the temperature of the heat-storing material of storage heater, then 7 automatic-closing valve 11,15 of central controller, opens valve 13.Thermal-collecting tube
Water in 2 continues through solar energy heating, preferably super when the water temperature in thermal-collecting tube 2 is more than heat-storing material temperature certain numerical value
10 degrees Celsius or more are crossed, valve 11 is opened, and water is flowed through by bypass line, if the water temperature that bypass line sensor 12 detects is super
Cross the certain degree of heat-storing material, such as more than 5 degrees Celsius, then bypass line valve 13 is closed, and storage heater pipe valve 15 is opened,
It radiates so that water enters in storage heater.
By above-mentioned measure, the temperature of water is detected by bypass line, is further improved the effect of accumulation of heat, is improved
The intelligent control of heat dissipation.
Remaining technical characteristic not described is identical as embodiment two, is not just further describing.
5. embodiment five
Further improvement of the embodiment five as embodiment three.
As one improve, controller 7 by the temperature of 4 inlet tube of storage heater of measurement, the temperature of heat collector Guan Zhongshui with
And the temperature of bypass line passes to cloud server 18, then sends client 19, the visitor to by cloud server 18
Family end 19 is mobile phone, and the mobile phone installs APP program, and user can automatically control in the selection of client 19 or the work of hand-guided
The operating mode of operation mode, controller 7 control client's selections carrys out the opening and closing of control valve 11,13,15.
By the way that either manually or automatically control model is arranged, a kind of control mode of more means can be provided for user, is mentioned
The high intelligence degree of system.
Preferably, user obtains the temperature of 4 inlet tube of storage heater according to client 19 under the operating mode of hand-guided
The temperature data of degree, the temperature of heat collector Guan Zhongshui and bypass line, in 19 hand-guided valve 11,13,15 of client
Opening and closing.
Preferably, under the operating mode of automatic control, controller 7 is by the temperature of 4 inlet tube of storage heater of measurement, collection
The temperature of hot device Guan Zhongshui and the temperature data of bypass line pass to cloud server 18, then pass through cloud server 18
Send client 19 to, the client 19 is mobile phone, and the mobile phone installs APP program, and user can select in client 19
Automatically control or the operating mode of hand-guided, the operating modes of controller 7 control clients' selections come control valve 11,13,
15 opening and closing.
By the way that either manually or automatically control model is arranged, a kind of control mode of more means can be provided for user, is mentioned
The high intelligence degree of system.
Preferably, user obtains the temperature of 4 inlet tube of storage heater according to client 19 under the operating mode of hand-guided
The temperature data of degree, the temperature of heat collector Guan Zhongshui and bypass line, in 19 hand-guided valve 11,13,15 of client
Opening and closing.
Preferably, under the operating mode of automatic control, if the temperature for the accumulator inlet pipe that central controller 7 detects
Degree is lower than the temperature of the heat-storing material of storage heater, then 7 automatic-closing valve 15 of central controller and valve 11, open valve 13.
Water in thermal-collecting tube 2 continues through solar energy heating, when the water temperature in thermal-collecting tube 2 is more than heat-storing material temperature certain numerical value,
Preferably greater than 10 degrees Celsius or more, valve 11 is opened, and water is flowed through by bypass line, if what bypass line sensor 12 detected
Water temperature is more than the certain degree of heat-storing material, such as more than 5 degrees Celsius, then bypass line valve 13 is closed, storage heater pipe valve
15 open, so that water, which enters, carries out accumulation of heat in storage heater.
By above-mentioned measure, the temperature of water is detected by bypass line, is further improved the effect of heat dissipation, is improved
The intelligent control of accumulation of heat.
Remaining technical characteristic not described is identical as embodiment three, is not just further describing.
6. embodiment six
It is improved as one, solar heat-preservation system can be with intelligence computation heat loss.As shown in Figure 1, in the thermal-collecting tube 2
Temperature sensor can detecte the water temperature in thermal-collecting tube 2, the temperature sensor 16 can be measured into the water in storage heater
Temperature can calculate the heat loss in solar energy system transportational process by water temperature and flow, i.e., (water temperature-in thermal-collecting tube 2 into
Enter the water temperature of storage heater) × mass flow × water specific heat.
Controller 7 is by the temperature and pipe data on flows into water temperature, heat collector Guan Zhongshui in storage heater of measurement
Cloud server 18 is passed to, client 19 is then sent to by cloud server 18, the client 19 is mobile phone, described
Mobile phone installs APP program, and user can monitor heat loss in client 19.
Flowmeter is set on the export pipeline 17, flowmeter is set on storage heater pipeline, and described two flowmeters are in
It entreats controller to carry out data connection, calculates heat loss by the mean values of two flowmeters measurement.
It is preferred that calculating heat loss by the way that the flow that flowmeter measures is arranged on storage heater pipeline.
If the heat loss of detection is excessive, central controller issues prompting automatically.Needing to detect fluid circuit at this time is
It is no that there are problems.
Although the present invention has been disclosed in the preferred embodiments as above, present invention is not limited to this.Any art technology
Personnel can make various changes or modifications, therefore protection scope of the present invention is answered without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
When being defined by the scope defined by the claims..
Claims (8)
1. a kind of solar heat-preservation system, the system comprises heat collector and storage heater, the heat collector includes reflecting mirror sum aggregate
Heat pipe, the thermal-collecting tube are located at the focal position of reflecting mirror；The heat collector is connected to form circulation loop with storage heater, thermal-collecting tube
Solar energy is absorbed, the water after heating enters storage heater by outlet, exchanges heat in storage heater；
The first valve and the first temperature sensor are set on the storage heater pipeline, are respectively used to the water that control enters in storage heater
Flow and detection enter the temperature of the water in storage heater, the solar thermal collection system also sets up the side of storage heater pipeline parallel connection
The second valve and second temperature sensor is arranged on the bypass line in siphunculus road, is respectively used to water on control bypass line
The temperature of flow and detection water；Third temperature sensor is set in the storage heater, for detecting heat-storing material in storage heater
Temperature；First valve, the second valve and first temperature sensor, second temperature sensor and third temperature sensor
Data connection is carried out with central controller；
Controller passes to cloud server by the temperature of the heat-storing material of measurement, into the data of the water temperature of storage heater, then
Client is sent to by cloud server, and the client is mobile phone, and the mobile phone installs APP program, and user can be in visitor
The selection of family end automatically controls or the operating mode of hand-guided, and controller root controls the operating mode of client's selection to control first
The opening and closing of valve, the second valve.
2. hold over system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that under the operating mode of hand-guided, user is according to visitor
Family end obtain heat-storing material temperature, into storage heater water temperature data, in the first valve of client hand-guided, the second valve
The opening and closing of door.
3. hold over system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that under the operating mode of automatic control, central controller
The opening and closing of the first valve, the second valve is automatically controlled according to the temperature of the heat-storing material of detection and into the water temperature of storage heater.
4. solar heat-preservation system as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that if detection heat-storing material temperature be higher than into
Enter the water temperature of storage heater, then central controller automatically controls the first valve and closes, while the second valve is opened；If second temperature
The water temperature of sensor detection is higher than the temperature of heat-storing material, and central controller automatically controls the first valve and opens, and the second valve closes
It closes.
5. solar heat-preservation system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that heat pipe, the heat pipe are arranged inside thermal-collecting tube
Including header and radiating end, the bottom of thermal-collecting tube is arranged in the header, and the radiating end is connected to header, the radiating end from
Collection upper box part starts to upwardly extend, and the radiating end is more, and the bottom of the header is connected on the inner wall of thermal-collecting tube.
6. thermal-collecting tube described in solar heat-preservation system as claimed in claim 5 and heat pipe are to be integrated.
7. solar heat-preservation system as claimed in claim 5 is it is characterized in that, the lower wall surface of the header is the bottom of thermal-collecting tube
The face in portion.
8. hold over system as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the radiating end be it is multiple rows of, wherein adjacent two rows are
It is staggered in arrangement；The center of circle of radiating end and two closed on the radiating end center of circle of adjacent row constitute isosceles triangle, the radiating end
The center of circle be located at isosceles triangle apex angle point position.
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| CN113494778A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-10-12 | 山东大学 | Solar pressure difference control method for loop heat pipe |
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