CN109811769A - A kind of excavation method - Google Patents
A kind of excavation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109811769A CN109811769A CN201910208543.5A CN201910208543A CN109811769A CN 109811769 A CN109811769 A CN 109811769A CN 201910208543 A CN201910208543 A CN 201910208543A CN 109811769 A CN109811769 A CN 109811769A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of building construction more particularly to a kind of excavation methods comprising following steps: determining construction operating condition, establishes excavation models；To construction simulation analysis, constructed using axle power-deformation control method；Stage excavation simultaneously closes off upper layer and corresponds to axial force of the supports automatic compensation function；Nearest one layer of axial force of the supports is sequentially adjusted according to axle power coherence's control method；Judge whether axial force of the supports has reached axial force of the supports limit value, using current axle power value as this road axle power controlling value, using the axle power after the bracing transform of upper layer as upper layer axle power controlling value；Continue to excavate, simultaneously closes off upper layer bracing members axle power automatic compensation function；The excavation of this layer is completed, then digs down one layer, is so recycled, is completed until excavating.The present invention can either be used to compensate the deformation under control excavation face by using axle power-deformation control method combination axle power coherence's control method, and can be realized to the active control for going along with sb. to guard him lateral weak soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of building construction more particularly to a kind of excavation methods.
Background technique
In order to meet the more harsh environmental protection requirement in foundation pit periphery, the prior art is that axle power is mounted on bracing members
Servo-system is widely applied, axle power servo-system with solving the problems, such as to lose possible foundation pit deformation due to axle power
Axle power can be monitored in real time, and compensate the axle power of loss according to monitoring data, thus realize the active control of axle power, effective gram
The subsequent axle power variation of traditional bracing members has been taken not exclusively to know, is uncontrollable, being not easy to the disadvantages of adjustment.Due to axle power servo-system
It solves axle power and loses possible foundation pit deformation influence, thus be widely applied.
But axle power servo-system only addresses only the problem of axle power loss, the target of control is axial force of the supports, works as axle power
With the corresponding relationship of displacement than it is more consistent when, the control effect of displacement can be relatively good, when the two differs greatly, even if applying
Servo-system deformation control effect also tends to unsatisfactory.For how to apply servo-system to go control foundation pit deformation also fresh at present
There is the maximum lateral deformation gone along with sb. to guard him in research, especially soft soil foundation pit to be frequently experienced in excavation face hereinafter, and with excavation into
Row constantly development downwards also lacks direct effective means for the Deformation control of going along with sb. to guard him below excavation face at present.
And in weak soil Metro Deep Excavation, the rheological behavior of the soil body has an important influence foundation pit deformation, and is difficult to
It accurately calculates and controls.This is the main bugbear of soft soil foundation pit Construction control.Soft soil rheological is related with its stress level, stress water
Flat higher rheology is bigger, while rheology has directionality, and Rheological Deformation is consistent with its load-bearing direction.Axial force of the supports is bigger, cheats
The more low then Rheological Deformation of interior resistance to shear of soil level is smaller；When axial force of the supports is greater than hole external load, the stream outside hole will be generated
Become.
In servo-system axial force of the supports how to set target axle power, how to effectively control under excavation face deformation, how
The rheology for controlling weak soil is all that weak soil Metro Deep Excavation goes along with sb. to guard him problem to be solved in lateral deformation active control.
Therefore, a kind of excavation method is needed to solve above-mentioned technical problem.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of excavation method, can either be used to lead in Excavation Process
The deformation under the compensation control excavation face to axial force of the supports loss is crossed, and can be realized to the active control for going along with sb. to guard him lateral weak soil.
To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of excavation method, includes the following steps:
S1, it determines construction operating condition, establishes excavation models；
S2, to construction simulation analysis, determine and excavate process；
S3, it is constructed using axle power-deformation control method；
S4, stage excavation simultaneously close off upper layer and correspond to axial force of the supports automatic compensation function；
S5, judge whether each layer deformation meets the requirements, if being unsatisfactory for requiring, enter S6 and enter if meeting the requirements
S8；
S6, nearest one layer of axial force of the supports is sequentially adjusted according to axle power coherence's control method；
S7, judge whether axial force of the supports has reached axial force of the supports limit value, if not up to, returning to S5, if reaching, entering
S8；
S8, using current axle power value as this road axle power controlling value, using the axle power after the bracing transform of upper layer as upper layer axle power
Controlling value；
S9, continue to excavate, simultaneously close off upper layer bracing members axle power automatic compensation function；
S10, judge whether excavation of foundation pit excavates on earth, if excavating on earth, enter S11 and returned if not excavating on earth
S4；
S11, excavation of foundation pit are completed.
Further, the step of axle power coherence control method is as follows:
A, stage excavation simultaneously closes off upper layer and corresponds to axial force of the supports automatic compensation function；
B, it digs to Support Position, increases newly and support together, and rheology is controlled using axle power-rheology control method；
C, judge whether each layer deformation meets the requirements, if being unsatisfactory for requiring, enter d, if meeting the requirements, enter f；
D, it is sequentially adjusted in each layer axial force of the supports above；
E, judge whether axial force of the supports has reached axial force of the supports limit value, if not up to, returning to c, if reaching, enter f；
F, using current axle power value as this road axle power controlling value, using the axle power after the bracing transform of upper layer as upper layer axle power control
Value processed；
G, continue to excavate, simultaneously close off upper layer bracing members axle power automatic compensation function；
H, judge whether excavation of foundation pit excavates on earth, if excavating on earth, enter i if not excavating on earth and return to b；
I, excavation of foundation pit is completed.
Further, the step of axle power-rheology control method is as follows:
A, it digs to Support Position, increases newly and support together；
B, judge whether each laminar flow change restrains, if not restraining, enter C, if convergence, enter E；
C, axial force of the supports is adjusted；
D, judge whether axial force of the supports has reached axial force of the supports limit value, if not up to, returning to B, if reaching, enter E；
E, using current axle power value as this road axle power controlling value, using the axle power after the bracing transform of upper layer as upper layer axle power control
Value processed；
F, continue to excavate, simultaneously close off upper layer bracing members axle power automatic compensation function；
G, judge whether excavation of foundation pit excavates on earth, if excavating on earth, enter H if not excavating on earth and return to A；
H, excavation of foundation pit is completed.
Further, the S6 is sequentially adjusted in nearest one layer of axial force of the supports according to nearest area principle.
Further, the S5 judges whether each layer deformation meets the requirements according to grading control principle.
Further, the d is sequentially adjusted in each layer axial force of the supports above, and bigger apart from closer support adjustment amount, away from
It is smaller from remoter adjustment amount.
Further, the C is according to rheology increasing amount adjustment axial force of the supports.
Further, comparative analysis computation model is established by using HS and SSC constitutive model in the S1.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Compared with prior art, excavation method provided by the invention, wherein being that foundation can be with practice of construction
Adaptable excavation models carry out the simulation of work progress according to the excavation models of foundation, utilize axle power-deformation control method pair
Foundation pit carry out stage excavation, at this moment need to close upper layer and correspond to axial force of the supports automatic compensation function, can accurately to equivalent layer into
Row axial force of the supports and the measurement for going along with sb. to guard him deformation.Then every to dig one layer, then judge whether each layer deformation meets the requirements, deformation is unsatisfactory for
Needs nearest one layer of axial force of the supports is adjusted according to axle power coherence's control method, guarantee that nearest one layer of axial force of the supports is adjusted
It is precisely reliable, until deformation is met the requirements, if if axial force of the supports is not up to limit value, continuing stage excavation, if axial force of the supports
Reach limit value, then using current axle power value as this road axle power controlling value, using the axle power after the bracing transform of upper layer as upper layer axle power
Controlling value.It is then shut off upper layer axial force of the supports automatic compensation function, is completed until this layer excavates, excavates into lower layer, so follows
Ring carries out, until excavation of foundation pit is on earth, completes excavation construction.Excavation construction method of the invention applies axle power-Deformation control
Method adjusts axial force of the supports by using axle power coherence's control method in axle power-deformation control method, is based on structure shadow
Ring what property principle was proposed, main method is the adjustment changed by the active of axle power to realize building enclosure mechanics parameter,
Wherein axle power-deformation influence property, axle power coherence, axle power-rheology influence property are structure influence property principles in foundation pit active control
In three big applications.It can either be used to control by the compensation for losing axial force of the supports in Excavation Process using this method
Deformation under excavation face, and can be realized to the active control for going along with sb. to guard him lateral weak soil.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of excavation method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of axle power coherence's control method in a kind of excavation method of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is axle power-rheology control method flow chart in a kind of excavation method of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is Pudong, station, South Road subway foundation pit schematic cross-sectional view in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is two layers of station pit schematic cross-sectional view in the present invention；
Fig. 6 a is that two layers of station pit adjusts second axial force of the supports to maintenance deformation influence diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 6 b is that two layers of station pit adjusts third road axial force of the supports to maintenance deformation influence diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 6 c is that two layers of station pit adjusts the 4th axial force of the supports to maintenance deformation influence diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 6 d is that two layers of station pit adjusts the 5th axial force of the supports to maintenance deformation influence diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 7 a is that three layers of station pit adjust second axial force of the supports to maintenance deformation influence diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 7 b is that three layers of station pit adjust third road axial force of the supports to maintenance deformation influence diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 7 c is that three layers of station pit adjust the 5th axial force of the supports to maintenance deformation influence diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 7 d is that three layers of station pit adjust the 6th axial force of the supports to maintenance deformation influence diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 8 is to go along with sb. to guard him deformation figure under the operating condition of two layers of underground, four kinds of station in the present invention；
Fig. 9 is to go along with sb. to guard him deformation figure under the operating condition of four kinds of F3/B3 station in the present invention；
Figure 10 is that subway foundation pit each section in Pudong, station, South Road goes along with sb. to guard him final mean annual increment movement curve graph in the present invention.
In figure:
The support of 1 '-first concrete；2 '-second bracing members；3 '-third road bracing members；4 '-the four bracing members；5 '-the
Five bracing members；
First of concrete support of 1-；2- second bracing members；3- third road bracing members；The support of the 4th concrete of 4-；5- the 5th
Bracing members；The 6th bracing members of 6-.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.It is understood that this place
The specific embodiment of description is used only for explaining the present invention rather than limiting the invention.It also should be noted that in order to
Convenient for description, in attached drawing, only the parts related to the present invention are shown and it is not all.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of excavation method, the foundation pit enclosure lateral deformation in the present embodiment
Active control it is theoretical as follows:
Although bracing members servo-control system can require to carry out deformation regulation according to the Deformation control of protected object, I
It should be appreciated that there are many factor for influencing foundation pit deformation, axle power is only one aspect, and simple axle power control can not
It is fully solved the control of foundation pit deformation, should be in conjunction with the advantage of servo-system, the factor that comprehensively consider various aspects is established comprehensively
Deep basal pit controls theory.
Go along with sb. to guard him the basic principle of lateral deformation active control
For continuous structural system, according to principle of deformation consistency, the adjustment of certain element mechanics parameters necessarily be will affect
The mechanics parameter of other components, the referred to as influence of structure, this influence property have established foundation pit enclosure lateral deformation actively control
The basis of system.
For bar shaped foundation pit, plane strain is generally basede on three-dimensional foundation pit and simplifies two dimensional model, and use beam on elastic foundation
Method application load structure model is analyzed.D elastic-plastic mechanics problem is reduced to two-dimensional structure mechanics problem, foundation pit
The intensity and stiffness reliability of building enclosure are converted into the intensity and stiffness reliability of grade beam in load-structure model.In load-knot
In structure power model, mechanics parameter is mainly axial force of the supports, the moment of flexure of building enclosure and shearing, goes along with sb. to guard him lateral deformation, soil inside and outside hole
Body load etc., any one the change of these mechanics parameters can all have an impact other.
But the mechanics parameter that can dynamically adjust in real time is axial force of the supports, therefore the influence of its structure is mainly reflected in three
A aspect:
1, the adjustment of influence of the axial force of the supports to building enclosure mechanics parameter, i.e. axial force of the supports can change the curved of building enclosure
Square, shearing and deformation, under normal conditions using target of the lateral deformation as active control is gone along with sb. to guard him, i.e., axial force of the supports becomes to going along with sb. to guard him
The influence of shape；
2, the change of axial force of the supports not only influences building enclosure deformation, while having an effect on the axle power of other supports, this shadow
It rings and is referred to as axle power coherence.Since weak soil subway foundation pit building enclosure has vertical and longitudinal rigidity, this coherence
It is space correlation；
3, influence of the axial force of the supports to Ground crack in cheating, due to the soil body in cheating and the support common equilibrium outer soil pressure in hole
With load, the change of axial force of the supports necessarily will affect the stress level for cheating the interior soil body, and cheat stress level and the hole of the interior soil body
The rheology size of the interior soil body is related.
Axle power is that structure influences to the influence of the influence of deformation, the coherence of axle power, axle power to Ground crack in cheating is gone along with sb. to guard him
Property three big applications of the principle in foundation pit active control.After application servo-system, support is no longer simple passive stress, and
It is to be provided with the function of adjusting axle power actively, in real time, this axle power is referred to as active axle power, and active axle power, which becomes, realizes deformation control
The main means of system.
(1) influence of the axial force of the supports to lateral deformation is gone along with sb. to guard him
In foundation pit construction, the maximum lateral deformation of building enclosure is generally not to occur above excavation face, but occur
Within the scope of the certain depth below excavation face.It, can not be directly to it since maximum distortion occurs in the soil body of the beneath side in hole
It is controlled.And the influence principle of structure provides a kind of effective hand to go along with sb. to guard him the active control of lateral deformation at deep soil
Section goes along with sb. to guard him lateral deformation at deep soil to adjust using the active axle power of hole bottom upper support, to realize deformation
Active control.
(2) the Deformation control principle based on axle power-deformation influence property
Based on available three principles for going along with sb. to guard him lateral deformation control of impact analysis of the axial force of the supports to deformation: " nearby
Principle " and " principle as early as possible ", " zonal control principle ".
So-called " nearby principle ", which refers to, controls deformation efficiency most by adjusting the axial force of the supports nearest apart from care positions
Height, this specifies direction how to effectively control lateral deformation is gone along with sb. to guard him for servo-system.Especially weak soil subway foundation pit, if maximum
Deformation generation is in excavation face hereinafter, the axle power side for having one of support recently above adjustment excavation face only can be effectively controlled and go along with sb. to guard him laterally
Deformation.
So-called " principle as early as possible " refers to that the more early the lateral deformation control gone along with sb. to guard him the sooner the better, the easier, supports from cutting the earth
Begin strict control to be gone along with sb. to guard him to lateral deformation, the smaller later period Deformation control target of early deformation control is more easy to accomplish.This is into one
Step illustrates that implementing stringent deformation grading control is necessary.
" zonal control principle ": by above-mentioned impact analysis it is found that the variation of axial force of the supports is to first adjacent of support shadow
Maximum is rung, second takes second place, and influence is smaller after third road, and the depth supported is deeper, and coverage is smaller with degree,
Servo-system is segmented into several regions and is separately provided.
The present invention provides a kind of excavation method, as shown in Figure 1, including the following steps:
S1, according to the actual situation, specifies each operating condition in work progress, establishes corresponding excavation models, it is ensured that foundation pit
Model is corresponding with construction operating condition, and can be corresponding with practice of construction；It specifically, can be using using HS (general theory mould
Type) and SSC (soft soil creep model) constitutive model, comparative analysis computation model is established, work progress can specifically be divided
Analysis determines.
S2, to construction simulation analysis, determine and excavate process；
S3, it is constructed using axle power-deformation control method；
S4, stage excavation simultaneously close off upper layer and correspond to axial force of the supports automatic compensation function；
S5, judge whether each layer deformation meets the requirements, if being unsatisfactory for requiring, enter S6 and enter if meeting the requirements
S8；Specifically, judge whether each layer deformation meets the requirements according to grading control principle.
S6, nearest one layer of axial force of the supports is sequentially adjusted according to axle power coherence's control method；Further, according to nearest point
Area's principle is sequentially adjusted in nearest floor axial force of the supports, guarantees that axial force of the supports is adjusted quickly, effectively.
S7, judge whether axial force of the supports has reached axial force of the supports limit value, if not up to, returning to S5, if reaching, entering
S8；
S8, using current axle power value as this road axle power controlling value, using the axle power after the bracing transform of upper layer as upper layer axle power
Controlling value；
S9, continue to excavate, simultaneously close off upper layer bracing members axle power automatic compensation function；
S10, judge whether excavation of foundation pit excavates on earth, if excavating on earth, enter S11 and returned if not excavating on earth
S4；
S11, excavation of foundation pit are completed.
Further, as shown in Fig. 2, the step of axle power coherence control method is as follows:
A, stage excavation simultaneously closes off upper layer and corresponds to axial force of the supports automatic compensation function；
B, it digs to Support Position, increases newly and support together, and rheology is controlled using axle power-rheology control method；
C, judge whether each layer deformation meets the requirements, if being unsatisfactory for requiring, enter d, if meeting the requirements, enter f；
D, it is sequentially adjusted in each layer axial force of the supports above；Specifically, it is sequentially adjusted in each layer axial force of the supports above, and distance is closer
Support adjustment amount it is bigger, distance remoter adjustment amount it is smaller.
E, judge whether axial force of the supports has reached axial force of the supports limit value, if not up to, returning to c, if reaching, enter f；
F, using current axle power value as this road axle power controlling value, using the axle power after the bracing transform of upper layer as upper layer axle power control
Value processed；
G, continue to excavate, simultaneously close off upper layer bracing members axle power automatic compensation function；
H, judge whether excavation of foundation pit excavates on earth, if excavating on earth, enter i if not excavating on earth and return to b；
I, excavation of foundation pit is completed.
Further, as shown in figure 3, the step of axle power-rheology control method is as follows:
A, it digs to Support Position, increases newly and support together；
B, judge whether each laminar flow change restrains, if not restraining, enter C, if convergence, enter E；
C, axial force of the supports is adjusted；Specifically, according to practical rheology increasing amount adjustment axial force of the supports.
D, judge whether axial force of the supports has reached axial force of the supports limit value, if not up to, returning to B, if reaching, enter E；
E, using current axle power value as this road axle power controlling value, using the axle power after the bracing transform of upper layer as upper layer axle power control
Value processed；
F, continue to excavate, simultaneously close off upper layer bracing members axle power automatic compensation function；
G, judge whether excavation of foundation pit excavates on earth, if excavating on earth, enter H if not excavating on earth and return to A；
H, excavation of foundation pit is completed.
Specific application example:
(1) according to application project background, model is established
Pudong, station, South Road is three layers of station, is located in Lujiazui nucleus, and foundation pit lays along Pudong Avenue East and West direction, rides
That is ink road.Proposed station distribution of strata is as follows: 1. 1 miscellaneous fill, 2. 1 silty clay, 3. very soft sill clay, 3. burning into sand matter powder
Soil, 4. Muddy Bottoms clay, 5. 1 silty clay, 6. silty clay, 7. 1-2 sandy silt, 7. 2 flour sand.Station main body Foundation Pit bottom
In 5. 1 layer of silty clay, enclosure wall toe of wall bottom is located at the 7. in 2 layers of flour sand.
Foundation pit enclosure form is the diaphram wall of 1.0m thickness 46m depth.Standard paragraphs six support, the first, the 4th support
It is concrete support (1000*800,1500*1200), the 5th support is that 800*20 steel pipe supports, remaining is supportted (such as 609*16 steel pipe
Shown in Fig. 4).
For comparing calculation, it is assumed that separately have two layers of underground station, go along with sb. to guard him depth 33m, foundation depth 18m；In digging process
If five supports, first of support is that C40 concrete supports, second, third road is the support of 609 × 16 steel pipes, and the four or five is 800 × 20
Steel pipe supports (as shown in Figure 5), HS and SSC constitutive model is respectively adopted, establishes comparative analysis computation model.
(2) work progress is simulated, determines and excavates process
Excavation of foundation pit process is as shown in Table 1 and Table 2 in excavation of foundation pit process and SSC model in HS model.
Excavation of foundation pit process in 1 HS model of table
Excavation of foundation pit process in 2 SSC model of table
(3) construction simulation is carried out using axle power-deformation control method
1, influence of the axial force of the supports to deformation is gone along with sb. to guard him
(1), influence of two layers of station axial force of the supports to deformation is gone along with sb. to guard him
By second bracing members 2 ', third road bracing members 3 ', the 4th bracing members 4 ' and the 5th bracing members 5 ', axis
Power applies in five times, studies and goes along with sb. to guard him lateral deformation at each road support with the increased variation of bracing members axle power.Axial force of the supports control
Below limit value (609 steel pipe 250t, 800 steel pipe 400t), substep application value is as shown in table 3.
The support of table 3 applies axle power value (kN/m) by several times
| Second bracing members | Third road bracing members | 4th bracing members | 5th bracing members | |
| For the first time | 100 | 100 | 150 | 150 |
| Second | 200 | 200 | 300 | 300 |
| For the third time | 300 | 300 | 450 | 450 |
| 4th time | 400 | 400 | 600 | 600 |
| 5th time | 500 | 500 | 750 | 750 |
| 6th time | 600 | 600 | 900 | 900 |
| 7th time | 700 | 700 | 1050 | 1050 |
| 8th time | 800 | 800 | 1200 | 1200 |
Axial force of the supports is increased, the influence for going along with sb. to guard him lateral deformation is arranged in Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 b, Fig. 6 c, Fig. 6 d.It can by figure
Know, axial force of the supports can influence to go along with sb. to guard him lateral deformation at different depth, and apart from active axle power position, remoter influence is smaller.Top
The axial force of the supports of active lateral deformation gone along with sb. to guard him on lower section influence big, the axial force of the supports of lower section goes along with sb. to guard him lateral deformation shadow to top
Sound is small, goes along with sb. to guard him lateral deformation then as the increase of axial force of the supports linearly reduces.First of concrete supports 1 ' place to go along with sb. to guard him deformation by steel branch
Support the influence very little of axle power variation, the increase of 2 ' axle power of second bracing members on the deformation at 3 ' place of third road bracing members influence compared with
Greatly, but on the deformation that the 4th bracing members 4 ', 5 ' place of the 5th bracing members are gone along with sb. to guard him it influences relatively small；3 ' axis of third road bracing members
The increase of power is affected to the deformation at 4 ' place of the 4th bracing members, but encloses to the second bracing members 2 ', 5 ' place of the 5th bracing members
The deformation of shield influences relatively small；The increase of 4th bracing members 4 ', 5 ' axle power of the 5th bracing members can be then substantially reduced thereon
Deformation at each one of support down influences the deformation that first concrete support 1 ', second bracing members 2 ' go out little.
(2), influence of the three layers of station axial force of the supports to deformation is gone along with sb. to guard him
By the axle power of second bracing members 2, third road bracing members 3, the 5th bracing members 5 and the 6th bracing members 6 point
Five applications are studied and go along with sb. to guard him deformation at each road support with the increased variation of bracing members axle power.Shown in axial force of the supports chart 4.
The support of table 4 applies axle power value (kN/m) by several times
Equally by three layers of station model axial force of the supports increase to go along with sb. to guard him lateral deformation influence arrange in Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b,
In Fig. 7 c, Fig. 7 d.As seen from the figure, axial force of the supports can influence to go along with sb. to guard him lateral deformation at different depth, apart from active axle power position
It is smaller to set remoter influence.The axial force of the supports of top, which goes along with sb. to guard him lateral deformation to lower section, to be influenced greatly, and the axial force of the supports of lower section is to top
It is small to go along with sb. to guard him lateral deformation influence, goes along with sb. to guard him lateral deformation then as the increase of axial force of the supports linearly reduces.It is enclosed at first of concrete support 1
Shield deformation is influenced very little by the variation of bracing members axle power, and the increase of 2 axle power of second bracing members is to the change at third road bracing members 3
Shape is affected, but it is relatively small to support the deformation gone along with sb. to guard him at the 4, the 5th bracing members 5 to influence on the 4th concrete；Third road steel branch
The increase for supportting 3 axle powers is affected to the deformation at the 4th concrete support 4, but to second bracing members 2, the 5th bracing members 5
The deformation that place is gone along with sb. to guard him influences relatively small；4th concrete support 4, the increase of 5 axle power of the 5th bracing members can then be substantially reduced it
Deformation at each one of support up and down influences the deformation at first of concrete support 1, second bracing members 2 little.
Axial force of the supports is linear changing relation with lateral deformation is gone along with sb. to guard him in above-mentioned analysis, all because common in soil pressure and support
Under effect, goes along with sb. to guard him and small deformation only has occurred.When deforming larger, above-mentioned relation is presented as non-linear.
2, influence of the vertical coherence of axial force of the supports to axial force of the supports
According to the influence of structure it is found that axle power has coherence, vertical coherence is mainly reflected in certain root axial force of the supports
To the influence of each axial force of the supports of upper and lower level when adjustment.
(1) the vertical coherence of axle power under propping operating condition
1) two layers of station
The influence that lower layer's earth excavation, axial force of the supports apply to upper layer axle power in the station case of two layers of underground is as shown in table 5.
Axial force of the supports variation (kN/m) in two layers of the station pit digging process of table 5
From the data in the table, newly-increased axial force of the supports can cause the reduction of existing axial force of the supports, and get over apart from newly-increased support
Recent photo sound is bigger, and remoter influence is smaller.In addition to first of concrete supports 1 ' axle power tension to become larger, the axle power of other each road supports
Gradually reduced with the application of newly-increased support；And earth excavation off-load causes above excavation face away from nearest one of excavation face
Axial force of the supports increases, and the bracing members axle power far from excavation face reduces, and apart from the fewer of the remoter axial force of the supports reduction of excavation face, more
What is closely reduced is more.Excavating off-load will lead to last one of axial force of the supports load, other each road steel support shafts above excavation face
Power unloading, first concrete support 1 ' with excavation carry out be as general as loading.
2) three layers of station
The influence that lower layer's earth excavation, axial force of the supports apply to upper layer axle power in the case of F3/B3 station is as shown in table 6.
To the affecting laws of each axial force of the supports of upper and lower level with two layers of station when axial force of the supports adjusts, which is not described herein again.
Axial force of the supports variation (kN/m) in 6 three layers of station pit digging process of table
(2) the vertical coherence under support operating condition is torn open
1) two layers of station
Influence of the lower road support to upper track axial force of the supports will be removed to be summarized in table 7.
Table 7 tears the variation of axial force of the supports caused by support (kN/m) open
By data it is found that upper layer bracing members axle power becomes larger when removing lower road support, and recent photo sound is got over apart from bracing members are removed
Bigger, remoter influence is smaller.As the carry out bracing members axle power for tearing support open gradually increases, and the axle power of first of concrete support 1 ' is then
Become being pressurized from tension.
2) three layers of station
Influence of the lower road support to upper track axial force of the supports will be equally removed to be summarized in table 8.
The variation of axial force of the supports caused by 8 lower layer's axle power of table applies (kN/m)
Equally, upper layer bracing members can become larger when support is torn at three layers of station open, when removing lower road support, and get over apart from bracing members are removed
Recent photo sound is bigger, and remoter influence is smaller；As the carry out bracing members axle power for tearing support open gradually increases, the axle power of first of concrete support 1
It is then to become being pressurized from tension；4th concrete supports 4 axle powers to be gradually increased by tension to compression.
(3) the servo-system axle power setting principle based on vertical coherence
Axle power important in inhibiting of the axle power coherence for determining servo-system.Axle power servo-system is typically provided with axis
Power automatic regulating function will start axle power compensation function when axle power is more than or less than the 5% of set target value, make its maintenance
In the target value of setting, the purpose is to compensate the loss of the axle power of support.But axle power caused by axle power coherence changes therewith not
Together, it needs correctly to distinguish and treat.
By the work progress of foundation pit it is found that each road axial force of the supports applied in one timing of soil pressure for maintenance constitutional balance
Between there is coherence, namely the axle power group composed by each road axle power that is mutually related maintains the balance of structure.Each road axle power
Changing with the difference of operating condition, the target of the balance namely per pass support shaft force value of maintaining structure is not fixed and invariable,
And it should change with the adjustment of operating condition.Therefore axle power compensation function should match with the target axle power under current working, especially
It is that the automatic of the function enables the lasting adjustment that will cause axial force of the supports and destroy existing constitutional balance.
Therefore in Excavation Process, the target value of axial force of the supports must match with construction operating condition, and operating condition does not become
Axle power automatic compensation function is opened when change to cope with axle power loss；Operating condition should close the function when changing, reset axis
Restart automatic compensation function after the control target of power, so that axle power value can adapt to the caused axle power variation of operating condition variation.
3, influence of the axial force of the supports to Ground crack
In weak soil subway foundation pit, the building enclosure due to caused by the rheology of the soil body in hole is deformed occupies in whole deformation
Critical role, and soft soil rheological deformation is closely related with the stress level of the soil body, stress level suffered by the soil body is got under equal conditions
Height, rheology is bigger, otherwise smaller.Due to the soil body in cheating and support the common equilibrium outer soil pressure in hole and load, support shaft
It is smaller that power gets over resistance to shear of soil in hollow place, and deformation caused by rheology is just smaller.Here with soft soil creep model (SSC) come approximate simulation
The rheology of weak soil, to study influence of the axial force of the supports to rheology.
Not influence of the coaxial force control mode to rheology of (1) two layers of station
For two layers of underground station, following four kinds of operating conditions are calculated:
Operating condition 1, the axle power obtained using dual control method；
Operating condition 2, the axle power that the 4th bracing members 4 ', the 5th bracing members 5 ' use dual control method to obtain, and second steel branch
Support 2 ', the axle powers of third road bracing members 3 ' take design pre- value added 50% (in view of applying axle power in work progress with jack
Presumable axle power damaed cordition)；
Operating condition 3, second, third, fourth, fifth road bracing members axle power all take design pre- value added 50%；
Operating condition 4: all without brace pre axial force, (brace pre axial force is in the construction process for second, third, fourth, fifth road bracing members
Loss).The bracing displacement time is set as 7 days.Axial force of the supports under four kinds of operating conditions is listed in Table 9 below:
Axial force of the supports (kN/m) under the different operating conditions of table 9
| Operating condition 1 | Operating condition 2 | Operating condition 3 | Operating condition 4 | |
| Second bracing members | -420 | -155 | -155 | / |
| Third road bracing members | -550 | -155 | -155 | / |
| 4th bracing members | -800 | -800 | -185 | / |
| 5th bracing members | -900 | -900 | -100 | / |
Calculated result under the operating condition of two layers of underground, four kinds of station is as shown in Figure 8:
It is arranged in table 10 by maximal displacement and its with the ratio of foundation depth.
Deformation is gone along with sb. to guard him under the station pit difference operating condition of two layers of 10 underground of table
| Analyze operating condition | Maximal displacement (mm) is gone along with sb. to guard him in foundation pit | Sidesway/H (‰) |
| Operating condition 1 | 14.77 | 0.82 |
| Operating condition 2 | 19.87 | 1.10 |
| Operating condition 3 | 35.54 | 1.98 |
| Operating condition 4 | 44.14 | 2.45 |
Consider that every layer of native bracing displacement time is in the case where 7 days, the deformation of operating condition 1 is increased to by 11.91mm
14.77mm increasing 24%；The deformation of operating condition 2 also increases the Deformation control requirement for being obviously unable to satisfy 0.8 ‰ H；Operating condition 3 with
The basic control that deformation has been more than level-one foundation pit of going along with sb. to guard him of operating condition 4 requires (1.4 ‰ H), especially operating condition 4 beyond obviously, reaches
Three times of operating condition 1, it is seen that time effect is obvious, while illustrating that axle power has significant control action to Rheological Deformation.
In Practical Project, the bracing displacement time, deformation was much larger than calculating due to caused by soft soil creep commonly greater than 7 days
Deformation, at this moment the effect of servo-system is more crucial.
(2) the three layers of station not influence of coaxial force control mode to rheology
For F3/B3 station, soft soil creep model is considered, same four kinds of operating conditions:
Operating condition 1, the axle power obtained using dual control method；
Operating condition 2, the axle power that the 5th bracing members 5, the 6th bracing members 6 are obtained using dual control method, and second bracing members
2, the axle power of third road bracing members 3 takes design pre- value added 50%；
Operating condition 3, second, third, the five, the 6th bracing members axle powers all take design pre- value added 50%；
Operating condition 4: second, third, without brace pre axial force, (brace pre axial force is in the construction process on the five, the 6th bracing members
Loss).The bracing displacement time is set as 7 days.Axial force of the supports under four kinds of operating conditions is shown in Table 11:
Axial force of the supports (kN/m) under the different operating conditions of table 11
| Operating condition 1 | Operating condition 2 | Operating condition 3 | Operating condition 4 | |
| Second support | -420 | -125 | -125 | / |
| The support of third road | -550 | -192.5 | -192.5 | / |
| 5th support | -1000 | -1000 | -280 | / |
| 6th support | -900 | -900 | -170 | / |
By the calculated result under the operating condition of four kinds of F3/B3 station in Fig. 9.
It is arranged in table 12 by maximal displacement and its with the ratio of foundation depth:
Deformation is gone along with sb. to guard him under 12 F3/B3 station pit difference operating condition of table
| Analyze operating condition | Maximal displacement (mm) is gone along with sb. to guard him in foundation pit | Sidesway/H (‰) |
| Operating condition 1 | 17.51 | 0.81 |
| Operating condition 2 | 25.21 | 1.16 |
| Operating condition 3 | 34.45 | 1.59 |
| Operating condition 4 | 42.2 | 1.95 |
The deformation of operating condition 1 increases to 17.51mm by 14.81mm, increases 18%；The deformation of operating condition 2 increases obvious；And it is complete
Under two kinds of operating conditions for not using automatic servo system, it is not able to satisfy deformation control of foundation pit basic demand equally.Operating condition 3 and operating condition 4
Go along with sb. to guard him deformation be more than level-one foundation pit basic control requirement (1.4 ‰ H), especially operating condition 4 exceed obviously, be operating condition 1
More than twice, it is seen that time effect is obvious, while illustrating that axle power has significant control action to Rheological Deformation.
In Practical Project, the bracing displacement time, deformation was much larger than calculating due to caused by soft soil creep commonly greater than 7 days
Deformation, at this moment the effect of servo-system is more crucial.
(3) Active Control Method based on axle power-rheology influence property
Axle power has remarkable effect to rheology Deformation control as the above analysis, therefore can be according to rheology increment come constantly
Axle power is adjusted, so that Ground crack tends to restrain in the lower hole of axle power effect.Thus the control method of soft soil rheological is obtained --- axis
Power-rheology method of addition, the i.e. convergence in the case where ensuring support safety based on rheology increment, according to the stream in monitoring data
Become increment to adjust the control axle power of servo-system, until its convergence.
(4) application of practice of construction
1, the adjustment of servo-system and support system
The support of first of Pudong, station, South Road, the 4th support for concrete, second, third, the five, the 6th supports be bracing members,
Wherein in order to control foundation pit enclosure lateral deformation, original design is only at second, third, be provided with servo system at the 5th bracing members
System.For last one of bracing members, generally believe that action time is shorter, servo-system has little significance without being arranged.But root
According to " nearby principle ", if maximum distortion occurs in excavation face hereinafter, having the axis supported together recently above adjustment excavation face only
Power side can be effectively controlled deformation.
Therefore servo-system is also increased to last one of bracing members in later period implementation process.Simultaneously as under hole
Axle power of the control of lateral deformation depending on last support together is gone along with sb. to guard him by side, in order to improve the controllability of deformation, last one
609 bracing members of Ф are changed to 800 bracing members of Ф, improve the ultimate bearing capacity of road support.
2, the grading control of foundation pit lateral deformation
According to " principle as early as possible ", the more early the lateral deformation control gone along with sb. to guard him the sooner the better, the easier, has formulated every layer of soil thus
Maximum distortion when support excavates in side, implements stringent deformation grading control.
According to the control standard of 0.8 ‰ H, the stage excavation for obtaining the hole Pudong South Road station A-2 goes along with sb. to guard him lateral deformation early warning value
It is as shown in table 13:
Deviational survey early warning value is excavated in the distribution of 13 Pudong, station, South Road of table
3, the subregion setting of servo-system
According to " zonal control principle " it is found that axial force of the supports can in certain depth bounds to go along with sb. to guard him lateral deformation generate
It influences, will be smaller more than influence after the range, thus the setting position for concrete support provides foundation.This project is designing
At initial stage, there are mainly two types of the set-up modes of concrete support: " setting one every one ", " setting one every two ", analysis shows, concrete support sets one not every one
It is loaded conducive to the collaboration of bracing members, deformation control effect is worst；It is preferable therefore final that concrete support every two sets a deformation control effect
Foundation pit selection is arranged one of concrete every twice bracing members and supports, and not only improves Deformation control, and improve the safety of foundation pit.
4, the servo-system compensating switch setting based on axle power coherence
Since servo-system can open compensation function according to axle power variation, axle power coherence is correctly distinguished in construction and is drawn
Axle power variation and the axle power on conventional meaning risen is lost.Axle power automatic compensation function is opened when operating condition does not change to answer
Axle power is lost, closing axle force compensating function when operating condition changes, reopens the function after stable conditions.
5, it is controlled based on the axle power for going along with sb. to guard him lateral deformation
Since axle power is to lateral deformation is gone along with sb. to guard him and rheology increment restriction effect is obvious, in the security control model of bracing members
Axial force of the supports is improved in enclosing as far as possible and goes along with sb. to guard him lateral deformation to constrain.When adding rear bracing displacement to control support frame facility
Between under rheology increment, real-time monitoring goes along with sb. to guard him the daily variation of lateral deformation, is adjusted and is watched come dynamic according to the size of daily variation
The control axle power of dress system, until being adjusted to control best axle power to going along with sb. to guard him lateral deformation within the scope of the carrying of bracing members
Value.
Initial axle power and final axle power as shown in table 14, table 15,
14 A-2 of table cheats each section support and sets up primitive axis power table (kN/m)
| Support road number | The initial axle power of P23 section | The initial axle power of P25 section | The initial axle power of P28 section |
| Second bracing members | 378 | 378 | 315 |
| Third road bracing members | 540 | 495 | 420 |
| 5th bracing members | 1050 | 930 | 900 |
| 6th bracing members | 900 | 960 | 600 |
15 Pudong South Road station A-2 of table cheats the final axle power table (kN/m) of bracing members
| Support road number | The initial axle power of P23 section | The initial axle power of P25 section | The initial axle power of P28 section |
| Second bracing members | 549 | 678 | 693 |
| Third road bracing members | 846 | 702 | 702 |
| 5th bracing members | 1038 | 996 | 825 |
| 6th bracing members | 993 | 978 | 825 |
The deformation due to caused by rheology is more apparent when longer without support exposure duration in soft soil foundation pit, the 5th support
Exposure duration too long result in significant deformation.Later period has obtained effective control by applying active axle power, Ground crack in time
System, rheology increment tend to restrain, this illustrates that rheology influence property is feasible.
(5) conclusion
The concept that property is influenced from structure, in conjunction with Practical Project case, from axial force of the supports to going along with sb. to guard him lateral deformation, the soil body
The influence of rheology, the vertical coherence of axial force of the supports etc. have studied structure and influence property goes along with sb. to guard him laterally in weak soil Metro Deep Excavation
Deform the application in active control.According to structure influence property principle, the active tune of axle power is supported using axle power servo-system
It is whole, it can be achieved that go along with sb. to guard him the Precise control of lateral deformation, so that the virtual condition gone along with sb. to guard him is tended to dbjective state.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is just for the sake of clearly illustrating examples made by the present invention, and being not is pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the art, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other variations or changes in different ways.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all this
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should be included in the claims in the present invention within the spirit and principle of invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of excavation method, which comprises the steps of:
S1, it determines construction operating condition, establishes excavation models；
S2, to construction simulation analysis, determine and excavate process；
S3, it is constructed using axle power-deformation control method；
S4, stage excavation simultaneously close off upper layer and correspond to axial force of the supports automatic compensation function；
S5, judge whether each layer deformation meets the requirements, if being unsatisfactory for requiring, enter S6, if meeting the requirements, enter S8；
S6, nearest one layer of axial force of the supports is sequentially adjusted according to axle power coherence's control method；
S7, judge whether axial force of the supports has reached axial force of the supports limit value, if not up to, returning to S5, if reaching, enter S8；
S8, using current axle power value as this road axle power controlling value, using the axle power after the bracing transform of upper layer as upper layer axle power control
Value；
S9, continue to excavate, simultaneously close off upper layer bracing members axle power automatic compensation function；
S10, judge whether excavation of foundation pit excavates on earth, if excavating on earth, enter S11 if not excavating on earth and return to S4；
S11, excavation of foundation pit are completed.
2. a kind of excavation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the axle power coherence controlling party
The step of method, is as follows:
A, stage excavation simultaneously closes off upper layer and corresponds to axial force of the supports automatic compensation function；
B, it digs to Support Position, increases newly and support together, and rheology is controlled using axle power-rheology control method；
C, judge whether each layer deformation meets the requirements, if being unsatisfactory for requiring, enter d, if meeting the requirements, enter f；
D, it is sequentially adjusted in each layer axial force of the supports above；
E, judge whether axial force of the supports has reached axial force of the supports limit value, if not up to, returning to c, if reaching, enter f；
F, it using current axle power value as this road axle power controlling value, is controlled using the axle power after the bracing transform of upper layer as upper layer axle power
Value；
G, continue to excavate, simultaneously close off upper layer bracing members axle power automatic compensation function；
H, judge whether excavation of foundation pit excavates on earth, if excavating on earth, enter i if not excavating on earth and return to b；
I, excavation of foundation pit is completed.
3. a kind of excavation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the axle power-rheology control side
The step of method, is as follows:
A, it digs to Support Position, increases newly and support together；
B, judge whether each laminar flow change restrains, if not restraining, enter C, if convergence, enter E；
C, axial force of the supports is adjusted；
D, judge whether axial force of the supports has reached axial force of the supports limit value, if not up to, returning to B, if reaching, enter E；
E, it using current axle power value as this road axle power controlling value, is controlled using the axle power after the bracing transform of upper layer as upper layer axle power
Value；
F, continue to excavate, simultaneously close off upper layer bracing members axle power automatic compensation function；
G, judge whether excavation of foundation pit excavates on earth, if excavating on earth, enter H if not excavating on earth and return to A；
H, excavation of foundation pit is completed.
4. a kind of excavation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the S6 is former according to nearest subregion
Then it is sequentially adjusted in nearest one layer of axial force of the supports.
5. a kind of excavation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the S5 is according to grading control original
Reason judges whether each layer deformation meets the requirements.
6. a kind of excavation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the d is sequentially adjusted in each above
Layer axial force of the supports, and it is bigger apart from closer support adjustment amount, the remoter adjustment amount of distance is smaller.
7. a kind of excavation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the C is according to rheology increment tune
Whole axial force of the supports.
8. a kind of excavation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the S1 by using HS and
SSC constitutive model establishes comparative analysis computation model.
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| CN111398063A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-10 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Axial force meter-based prediction method for shear load-shear displacement curve of anchoring joint surface |
| CN112459080A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-03-09 | 上海市机械施工集团有限公司 | Intelligent adjusting method for steel support axial force based on bp neural network |
| CN113152476A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-07-23 | 中铁九局集团第六工程有限公司 | Excavation construction method for soft geological foundation pit of existing line station |
| CN113356219A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-07 | 天津市地质工程勘察院 | Synchronous excavation construction method for foundation pits at different depths on two sides of operation subway |
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| CN108385695A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-08-10 | 张家港江苏科技大学产业技术研究院 | Foundation pit supporting construction and its construction method |
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