CN109811713A - A kind of construction method of medium and small river basin ecological flood bank - Google Patents
A kind of construction method of medium and small river basin ecological flood bank Download PDFInfo
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- CN109811713A CN109811713A CN201910087031.8A CN201910087031A CN109811713A CN 109811713 A CN109811713 A CN 109811713A CN 201910087031 A CN201910087031 A CN 201910087031A CN 109811713 A CN109811713 A CN 109811713A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of construction methods of medium and small river basin ecological flood bank.Method includes the following steps: (1) calculates riverbed limiting scour Δ D；(2) local scouring depth h is calculatedb；(3) stub length is calculated；(4) it in the tung oil that the surface smearing thickness of stub is 1~5mm, dries spare；(5) then the stub of certain density, certain buried depth and certain scale is arranged along water flow downbeam, then plants the shrub willow of certain density and certain scale between concave bank side slope in stub on the riverbed of river concave bank.The river concave bank ecological revetment that the present invention constructs, the problems such as can effectively coping with the collapse on the bank that river concave bank generates during by erodsion of stream.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental engineering technical fields, and in particular to a kind of building of medium and small river basin ecological flood bank
Method.
Background technique
Slope erosion is that river corrodes under natural conditions, such as flow action.Collapse on the bank is most commonly seen erosion
Form, since the etch resistant properties and the gradient of soil are big, under the souring of flood period water flow, slope foot is by water flow sapping, slope
Face collapses.Bend concave bank is the part of slope erosion most serious.Since water flow is moved along bend by centrifugal acceleration
It influences, generates transverse gradient and secondary flowing.The presence of spiral flow, so that silt content and partial size are smaller at bend concave bank, flow direction
Sediment concentration, the partial size of convex bank are larger, and outer bank erosion retreats, and convex bank siltation is advanced, and bend generates horizontal swing.For big
Type river, it is to destroy the stable important threat of river regime that bend, which is swung, and performance is mainly that bend transverse flow speed causes at concave bank
Surface top bath stream, can cause strong collapse on the bank.
Collapse on the bank has seriously affected the mankind's activities such as stabilization and the shipping of river ecosystem.In order to slow down slope erosion
Degree, the mankind take various engineering measures, and China once occurred planting skill with the forest against wave wash that " planting Liu Liufa " is representative in history
Art, but the randomness as present in its growth course and the flood impact for failing to deal carefully with seedling period experience, are sending out
Priority gradually decreases during exhibition, only a small amount of in recent years still not played effect by the natural forest against wave wash of anthropogenic influence.Mesh
Preceding most commonly used method is using concrete, the rigidity revetments such as grouts.Rigidity revetment can stable river regime to the greatest extent, but
Its interaction that will lead to the factors such as substance between land and river, energy and information is obstructed, and plant, aquatic animal, which lose, relies
It survives and the environment of breeding, the ability of the river self-purification weakens, ecosystem balance is destroyed, therefore needs to seek a kind of reasonable, warp
Ji, the Ecological Flood Control dike constructing technology stablized and meet ecological requirements.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned deficiency in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of construction method of medium and small river basin ecological flood bank,
By establishing Ecological Flood Control dykes and dams, the Bank that river concave bank generates during by erodsion of stream can be effectively solved.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of construction method of medium and small river basin ecological flood bank, comprising the following steps:
(1) riverbed limiting scour Δ D is calculated
Wherein, Δ D is limiting scour；Δ Q is that big vast low water discharge is poor；N is bed roughness；U is average for flood season water flow
Flow velocity；B is water surface width；H is flood season mean depth；D is riverbed median particle diameter；G is acceleration of gravity；
(2) local scouring depth h is calculatedb
Wherein, K1For pier shape coefficient；K2For Silt non-even coefficient；V is flood mean flow rate；v'0For the silt beginning swash of wave
Speed；A is the underwater relative density of silt；ρ is silt density；B is that pier is wide；H is flood season mean depth；
(3) stub length L is calculated
Stub length L=(1.1~1.2) (H+h)；Wherein, H=Δ D+hb；
(4) it in the tung oil that the surface smearing thickness of stub is 1~5mm, dries spare；
(5) then on the riverbed of river concave bank, several stubs are set along water flow downbeam, then stub with it is recessed
Several willows are planted between the slope of bank；Wherein, the line-spacing of every row stub is 1~2m, and spacing is 1~2m, the embedment of stub
Depth is H.
Further, v ' in step (2)0For silt beginning swash of wave speed, can actual measurement, or take v '0=0.5v0；Wherein:
Further, whenWhen, formula:Middle r's
Value is 1.04；WhenWhen less than 5, the value of r is 1.08.
Further, in step (4) tung oil with a thickness of 2~3mm.
Further, shrub willow is purple willow, salix monogolica, Wu Liu and Salix suchowensis in step (4), in China Yangtze river basin and its
Northern area is widely distributed.
Further, stub is poplar stake in step (4).
Further, shrub willow is planted by the way of branch cutting in step (5), planting depth and density and tree
Stake is consistent.
The invention has the benefit that
1, stub total length and stub length of embedment can be calculated by the method for the invention, can effectively cope with river
The problems such as collapse on the bank that concave bank generates during by erodsion of stream, meanwhile, the river concave bank ecology constructed by the method for the invention
Shore protection is also equipped with the effect of Ecological Flood Control dykes and dams, can effectively cope with bring when flood season level goes up and endanger.
2, tung oil is smeared on stub surface, can effectively promotes the liquid impact erosion resistance of stub, extend stub uses the longevity
Life, meanwhile, it also can avoid stub and root；And between stub between plant well developed root system, with extremely strong solid-holding capacity salix monogolica,
Further improve the whole flood control of Eco dike, and the ability for preventing river concave bank from generating collapse on the bank.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the top view of ecological revetment；
Fig. 2 is the schematic view of facade structure of ecological revetment stub；
Fig. 3 is control efficiency figure.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described below, in order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art originally
Invention, it should be apparent that coming the present invention is not limited to the range of specific embodiment to those skilled in the art
It says, as long as various change is in the spirit and scope of the present invention that the attached claims limit and determine, these variations are aobvious
And be clear to, all are using the innovation and creation of present inventive concept in the column of protection.
Embodiment
A kind of construction method of medium and small river basin ecological flood bank, comprising the following steps:
(1) select the Chifeng upper, middle and lower reaches Balin Left Banner Sha Lihe bend outer bank region as poplar stake, salix monogolica
Planting site；
(2) according to hydrological data, it is husky in river cutout take place frequently, minimum discharge 0m3/ s, chance crest discharge is within 20 years one
170m3/ s, depth of water 0.5m, the wide 300m of the water surface, bed material median particle diameter about 2mm, bed roughness 0.03 substitute into formula:
Limiting scour therefore is calculated by calculating flood low water discharge difference Δ Q=170m3/s < 1000m3/s
Δ D=1.14m.
(3) it selects using poplar stake of the diameter for 10cm, pier type COEFFICIENT K1=1, Silt non-even coefficient K2=0.42, mud
Husky underwater relative density is 1.65, and flood mean flow rate is 1.13m/s, and silt density is 2650 kg/m3, silt beginning swash of wave speed
v′0=0.5v0, and
V is calculated by above-mentioned formula0=0.289m/s, v '0=0.5v0=0.1445m/s；And
Therefore, r value is 1.08；
Then according to formula:
Local scour h can be acquiredb=0.25m, total scour depth H is equal to limiting scour Δ D as a result, and part rushes
Brush hbThe sum of, it is equal to 1.39m.
(4) taking coefficient is 1.1, according to formula:
L=(1.1~1.2) (H+h)
Required poplar pile length L=2m is calculated；Then the tung oil of one layer of 2-3mm is brushed on poplar stake surface again, dried
It is spare.
(5) the poplar stake that seeding row spacing is 1.5m × 1m, midstream and downstream arrangement are arranged at the bend concave bank of upstream June
The poplar stake of 1m × 1m, then plantation Salix sandy barrier can construct to obtain river concave bank ecology shield between poplar stake and side slope
Bank.Specific building layout drawing is shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2.
(6) the maximum daily rain amount of August part reaches 21.1mm, and co-falling rain 27.6mm on the three can be seen in no project treatment section
To apparent bank slope collapse phenomenon, collapsings is had no at the concave bank that carries out that treated, and the appearance one at the timber 1.8m of outside
Obvious ladder (see Fig. 3) shows that flow velocity reduces obvious within the scope of Effects on Engineering, and souring weakens.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of construction method of medium and small river basin ecological flood bank, which comprises the following steps:
(1) riverbed limiting scour Δ D is calculated
Wherein, Δ D is limiting scour；Δ Q is that big vast low water discharge is poor；N is bed roughness；U is flood season water flow mean flow rate；
B is water surface width；H is flood season mean depth；D is riverbed median particle diameter；G is acceleration of gravity；
(2) local scouring depth h is calculatedb
Wherein, K1For pier shape coefficient；K2For Silt non-even coefficient；V is flood mean flow rate；v'0For silt beginning swash of wave speed；A is
The underwater relative density of silt；ρ is silt density；B is that pier is wide；H is flood season mean depth；
(3) stub length L is calculated
Stub length L=(1.1~1.2) (H+h)；Wherein, H=Δ D+hb；
(4) it in the tung oil that the surface smearing thickness of stub is 1~5mm, dries spare；
(5) then on the riverbed of river concave bank, several stubs are set along water flow downbeam, then in stub and concave bank side slope
Between plant several willows；Wherein, the line-spacing of every row stub is 1~2m, and spacing is 1~2m, and the length of embedment of stub is
H。
2. the construction method of medium and small river basin ecological flood bank according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute in step (2)
State v '0For silt beginning swash of wave speed, wherein v '0As obtained by actual measurement or v '0=0.5v0；And
3. the construction method of medium and small river basin ecological flood bank according to claim 2, which is characterized in that whenWhen, it is public
Formula:The value of middle r is 1.04；WhenWhen less than 5, r's is taken
Value is 1.08.
4. the construction method of medium and small river basin ecological flood bank according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute in step (4)
State tung oil with a thickness of 2~3mm.
5. the construction method of medium and small river basin ecological flood bank according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute in step (4)
Stating willow is shrub willow.
6. the construction method of medium and small river basin ecological flood bank according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the shrub willow is
Purple willow, salix monogolica, Wu Liu and Salix suchowensis.
7. the construction method of medium and small river basin ecological flood bank according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute in step (4)
Stating stub is poplar stake.
8. the construction method of medium and small river basin ecological flood bank according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute in step (5)
It states shrub willow to plant by the way of branch cutting, planting depth and density are consistent with stub.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112359775A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-02-12 | 河海大学 | Ecological zone construction method for reducing waves and sandy beach argillization |
| CN115075184A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-20 | 江苏百绿园林集团有限公司 | Urban inland river curved river channel anti-erosion revetment structure layout and construction method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08207023A (en) * | 1995-02-06 | 1996-08-13 | Mitani Sekisan Co Ltd | Matrix-like concrete block and manufacture thereof |
| CN102789534A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-21 | 江苏省电力设计院 | Method for calculating multi-soil layer bursting scouring depth |
| CN205776073U (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-12-07 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of shore-beach protection structure taking into account view |
| CN107630435A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-01-26 | 河海大学 | One kind impact river improvement line width determines method |
-
2019
- 2019-01-29 CN CN201910087031.8A patent/CN109811713B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08207023A (en) * | 1995-02-06 | 1996-08-13 | Mitani Sekisan Co Ltd | Matrix-like concrete block and manufacture thereof |
| CN102789534A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-21 | 江苏省电力设计院 | Method for calculating multi-soil layer bursting scouring depth |
| CN205776073U (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-12-07 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of shore-beach protection structure taking into account view |
| CN107630435A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-01-26 | 河海大学 | One kind impact river improvement line width determines method |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112359775A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-02-12 | 河海大学 | Ecological zone construction method for reducing waves and sandy beach argillization |
| CN115075184A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-20 | 江苏百绿园林集团有限公司 | Urban inland river curved river channel anti-erosion revetment structure layout and construction method |
| CN115075184B (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-05-17 | 江苏百绿园林集团有限公司 | Urban inland river curved river erosion protection shore structure layout and construction method |
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| CN109811713B (en) | 2020-03-03 |
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