CN109811418B - Primary three-dimensional single-component fiber production line and production process - Google Patents
Primary three-dimensional single-component fiber production line and production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN109811418B CN109811418B CN201910181795.3A CN201910181795A CN109811418B CN 109811418 B CN109811418 B CN 109811418B CN 201910181795 A CN201910181795 A CN 201910181795A CN 109811418 B CN109811418 B CN 109811418B
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- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009730 filament winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of chemical fiber production, in particular to a native three-dimensional single-component fiber production line and a production process, which comprise a pneumatic pulse conveyor, a filling dryer, a screw extruder and a cooling forming machine which are sequentially connected, wherein the cooling forming machine comprises an air pump, a water chilling unit, an air box and a circulating air pipe, one end of the circulating air pipe is connected with an air outlet of the air pump, and the other end of the circulating air pipe is connected with an air inlet of the air pump. The invention utilizes the combined action of the negative pressure suction force and the traction force of the air holes to ensure that the cooling and solidification of one side of the fiber facing to the air holes are faster than that of the side of the fiber back to the air holes, so that the fiber is deformed by self-coiling and is not influenced by air flow turbulence, therefore, the fiber is not easy to float and can be fully cooled; the cold air passing through the air box is cooled by utilizing the circulating refrigerant in the heat exchange pipe of the water chilling unit in the air box, so that the temperature in the straight pipe of the cold air is reduced to reach the standard on the premise of not influencing the temperature in the straight pipe of the cold air.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of chemical fiber production, in particular to a primary three-dimensional single-component fiber production line and a production process.
Background
Two methods are mainly used for producing the hollow three-dimensional crimped polyester staple fiber, namely a two-component composite spinning method and a one-component asymmetric cooling spinning method. The single-component asymmetric cooling spinning method adopts a single-screw conventional spinning machine, adopts single-component raw materials for melt extrusion, and uses high-speed low-temperature airflow to carry out asymmetric quenching forming on the periphery of the section of nascent fiber, so that the cooling solidification speed of the windward side of the fiber is faster than that of the leeward side of the fiber, and the side of the fiber with fast solidification speed is difficult to thin, and the spinning stress is more concentrated than that of the other side, thereby enabling the fiber to deform by self-rolling.
In the asymmetric cooling forming process, cooling is a key, the quality of cooling directly influences whether fibers have potential self-curling performance and the strength of the self-curling performance, an asymmetric structure of three-dimensional curled fibers is required, and the fibers are required to be subjected to different cooling effects in all directions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a primary three-dimensional single-component fiber production line which has the advantage that fibers are not easy to float.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a native three-dimensional single-component fiber production line comprises a pneumatic pulse conveyor, a filling dryer, a screw extruder, a cooling forming machine, a winding machine, a yarn guide machine, a drafting machine, a crimping machine, a fiber cutting machine and a drying machine which are sequentially connected, wherein the cooling forming machine comprises an air pump, a water chilling unit, an air box and a circulating air pipe; bellows include left box, right box and a plurality of straight tubes that are parallel to each other, the both ends of straight tube respectively with the inner chamber of left box, the inner chamber switch-on of right box, evenly be equipped with a plurality of gas pockets along length direction on the every straight tube, the fibre is located between left box and the right box and is close to the straight tube, all has a plurality of gas pockets to be located directly over all fibres on the every straight tube, is equipped with the gas outlet of connecting the circulation tuber pipe on the left box, is equipped with the air inlet of connecting the circulation tuber pipe on the right box.
By adopting the technical scheme, the air of the air box is extracted by the air extracting pump, the air near the air hole flows towards the straight pipe, and the fiber is close to the air hole under the action of the drafting force and the negative pressure suction action at the air hole; the air pump enables cold air made by the water chilling unit to circulate in the circulating air pipe and the air box, so that the cold air flows at the air hole, the cold air enables the air near the air hole outside the straight pipe to be cooled, the temperature is lower when the air hole is close to the air hole, the fiber is located at the proper temperature, the cooling and solidification of one side of the fiber facing the air hole are faster than that of one side of the fiber back to the air hole, and therefore the fiber is deformed by self-rolling and is not influenced by airflow turbulence, so that the fiber is not easy to float and can be fully cooled.
Preferably, a first partition plate is arranged in the left box body and divides the left box body into a first chamber and a second chamber; a second partition plate is arranged in the right box body and divides the right box body into a third chamber and a fourth chamber; the first chamber is connected with the third chamber through straight pipes, the first chamber is connected with the fourth chamber through straight pipes, and the second chamber is connected with the fourth chamber through straight pipes.
By adopting the technical scheme, the flow path of the cold air in the air box can be prolonged, the cold utilization rate of the cold air is improved, the loss of the cold air in the circulating air pipe is indirectly reduced, and the flow of the cold air in all the straight pipes is approximately the same.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the first chamber to the second chamber is 2: 1, the volume ratio of the third chamber to the fourth chamber is 1: 2.
by adopting the technical scheme, the cold air flow in all the straight pipes is basically the same, so that the cooling effect at the air holes on different straight pipes is the same.
Preferably, heat exchange tubes for refrigeration are arranged in the first cavity and the fourth cavity, and the heat exchange tubes are also connected with the water chilling unit.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because air heat transfer with the air pocket department when air conditioning flows, so the cold air can heat up gradually, the temperature is less than the straight intraductal temperature of air conditioning in the straight tube of advancing the cold air promptly, and utilize the cooling water set directly to reduce the intraductal cold air temperature of circulation tuber pipe, though can make the intraductal temperature of air conditioning up to standard in the straight tube of air conditioning, the temperature can be less than the standard in the straight tube of advancing the cold air, so utilize the intraductal circulation refrigerant (first cavity and the middle section position of second cavity position air conditioning flow path in the bellows) of heat transfer of cooling water set in first cavity and fourth cavity, make the interior air conditioning cooling of process of first cavity and fourth cavity, thereby under the straight intraductal temperature prerequisite of the straight tube that does not influence into the cold air, reduce the straight intraductal temperature of air conditioning and to up to standard.
Preferably, the straight pipe is provided with an arc-shaped groove, and the arc-shaped groove is positioned right above the fibers.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the arc recess can increase the distance of gas pocket and fibre, when avoiding fibre and straight tube outer wall direct contact, the fibre that is hauled receives wearing and tearing.
Preferably, a spinneret plate is arranged at the filament outlet of the screw extruder, and the distance from the air hole closest to the spinneret plate is less than 35 cm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the fibers sprayed by the spinneret plate are cooled in time within the distance, so that the fibers can be ensured to have a good forming effect.
The above object of the present invention is also achieved by the following technical solutions: a production process of native three-dimensional single-component fibers comprises the following steps: the temperature at the air holes is 20 +/-2 ℃, and the air flow rate at the air holes is 0.8-3 m/s.
By adopting the technical scheme, the fibers cannot touch the outer wall of the straight pipe at the air flow rate, so that the complete shape of the fibers is ensured; at which the fibres can achieve the best self-curling effect.
Preferably, the screw extruder comprises an extrusion 1 zone, an extrusion 2 zone, an extrusion 3 zone, an extrusion 4 zone, an extrusion 5 zone, and a flange zone, and the temperature ranges of the above zones are as follows: 286 + -5 deg.C, 292 + -5 deg.C, 298 + -5 deg.C, 295 + -5 deg.C, 292 + -5 deg.C, 290 + -5 deg.C.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polyester fiber slices can smoothly discharge yarns under the action of the screw extruder, and the defects on the fiber surface after yarn discharge molding are reduced.
Preferably, the winding speed of the winding machine is 900 +/-50 m/min, and the winding speed of the drafting machine is 600 +/-50 m/min.
By adopting the technical scheme, the fiber can be provided with proper traction force, so that the fiber can move to the temperature of 20 +/-2 ℃ under the combined action of the traction force and the suction force at the air holes.
In conclusion, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. by utilizing the combined action of the negative pressure suction force and the traction force of the air holes, the cooling and solidification of one side of the fiber facing the air holes are faster than that of the side of the fiber back to the air holes, the fiber is deformed by self-coiling and is not influenced by air flow turbulence, so that the fiber is not easy to float and can be fully cooled;
2. the cold air passing through the air box is cooled by utilizing the circulating refrigerant in the heat exchange pipe of the water chilling unit in the air box, so that the temperature in the straight pipe of the cold air is reduced to reach the standard on the premise of not influencing the temperature in the straight pipe of the cold air.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a virgin three-dimensional single component fiber production line;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the cooling forming machine;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cooling forming machine showing the internal structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic bottom view of the cooling forming machine;
fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 4.
In the figure, 1, a pneumatic pulse conveyer; 2. filling a drier; 3. a screw extruder; 4. cooling the forming machine; 5. a winding machine; 6. a yarn guide machine; 7. a drawing machine; 8. a crimping machine; 9. fiber cutting machine; 10. a drying machine; 11. an air pump; 12. a water chilling unit; 13. an air box; 14. a circulating air duct; 15. a left box body; 16. a right box body; 17. a straight pipe; 17a, air holes; 17b, arc-shaped grooves; 18. a first separator; 19. a second separator; 20. a first chamber; 21. a second chamber; 21a, an air outlet; 22. a third chamber; 22a, an air inlet; 23. a fourth chamber; 24. a heat exchange pipe; 25. a fiber.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example (b): fig. 1 shows a primary three-dimensional single-component fiber production line disclosed by the invention, which comprises a pneumatic pulse conveyor 1, a filling dryer 2, a screw extruder 3, a cooling forming machine 4, a winding machine 5, a yarn guide machine 6, a drafting machine 7, a crimping machine 8, a fiber cutting machine 9 and a drying machine 10 which are arranged in sequence according to working procedures and connected in sequence. The spinning raw material is polyester chips, and the polyester chips are blown into a filling dryer 2 by a fan in an air-powered pulse conveyor 1; a large amount of large-diameter drying agents are arranged in the filling dryer 2 and used for absorbing water, and the drying agents are discharged when the water content of the polyester chips is less than or equal to 0.01 percent and are conveyed into the screw extruder 3; the screw extruder 3 is internally provided with an extrusion 1 zone, an extrusion 2 zone, an extrusion 3 zone, an extrusion 4 zone, an extrusion 5 zone and a flange zone, the temperature in each zone is 286 ℃, 292 ℃, 298 ℃, 295 ℃, 292 ℃ and 290 ℃, polyester chips are subjected to high-temperature high-pressure treatment in each zone to be in a molten state and are extruded from a spinneret plate at the filament outlet end of the screw extruder 3, an extrudate is immediately cooled by a cooling forming machine 4, formed into fibers and wound on a winding machine 5, and the filament winding speed of the winding machine 5 is 913 m/min; the fiber wound on the winder 5 is released and then wound on a yarn guide 6 (eight rollers) and a drafting machine 7 (seven rollers) in sequence to draft the fiber, and the winding speed of the drafting machine 7 is 630 m/min; then the fiber is coiled on a crimping machine 8, so that the fiber is further crimped and deformed; finally, the fiber is cut into required size by a fiber cutting machine 9 and a drying machine 10 and dried.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the cooling forming machine 4 mainly includes an air pump 11, a water chiller 12, an air box 13 and a circulating air pipe 14, the air box 13 is provided with an air inlet 22a and an air outlet 21a, the air pump 11, the water chiller 12 and the air box 13 are sequentially connected through the circulating air pipe 14, one end of the circulating air pipe 14 is connected to an air outlet of the air pump 11, the other end of the circulating air pipe 14 is connected to an air inlet of the air pump 11, and the circulating air pipe 14 is connected to the air inlet 22a and the air outlet 21a of the air box 13 when being connected to the air box 13.
As shown in FIG. 2, the wind box 13 is composed of a left box body 15, a right box body 16 and a plurality of mutually parallel straight pipes 17, and two ends of each straight pipe 17 are respectively communicated with an inner cavity of the left box body 15 and an inner cavity of the right box body 16.
As shown in fig. 3, left box 15 and right box 16 are the cuboid box, are equipped with first baffle 18 in the left box 15, and first baffle 18 separates left box 15 into two cuboid cavities: a first chamber 20 and a second chamber 21, and the first chamber 20 has twice the volume of the second chamber 21; be equipped with second baffle 19 in the right side cavity, second baffle 19 also separates into two cuboid cavities with right box 16: a third chamber 22 and a fourth chamber 23, the fourth chamber 23 having twice the volume of the third chamber 22. The first chamber 20 and the third chamber 22, the first chamber 20 and the fourth chamber 23, and the second chamber 21 and the fourth chamber 23 are all connected by the straight pipes 17, so that the flow path of the cold air in the air box 13 can be prolonged, the cold energy utilization rate of the cold air is improved, the loss of the cold energy in the circulating air pipe 14 is indirectly reduced, and the cold air flow in all the straight pipes 17 is approximately the same. The fibers 25 pass between the left box 15 and the right box 16, and the fibers 25 are positioned below the straight pipe 17 and perpendicular to the straight pipe 17.
As shown in fig. 3, the air inlet 22a is located on the third chamber 22, the air outlet 21a is located on the second chamber 21, when the air is pumped by the air pump 11, the air in the circulating air pipe 14 enters the water chilling unit 12 to exchange heat with the refrigerant to form cold air, the cold air sequentially enters the third chamber 22, the straight pipe 17, the first chamber 20, the straight pipe 17, the fourth chamber 23, the straight pipe 17, and the second chamber 21 from the air inlet 22a, and then is discharged from the air outlet 21a to the air inlet of the air pump 11, and is forcibly discharged by the air outlet of the air pump 11 and continues to circulate.
As shown in fig. 5, each straight tube 17 is uniformly provided with a plurality of air holes 17a along the length direction thereof, and each straight tube 17 is provided with a plurality of air holes 17a located right above all the fibers 25, so that the fibers 25 can be cooled when passing right below each straight tube 17. Every straight tube 17 is gone up and all is equipped with arc recess 17b in fibre 25 department directly over, and arc recess 17b sets up along fibre 25's draft direction, and in arc recess 17b was located to air vent 17a, arc recess 17b can increase air vent 17a and fibre 25's distance, when avoiding fibre 25 and straight tube 17 outer wall direct contact, the fibre 25 that is hauled received wearing and tearing. The distance from the air hole 17a closest to the spinneret plate is less than 35cm, and the fibers 25 sprayed by the spinneret plate are cooled in time within the distance, so that the fibers 25 can be ensured to have good forming effect.
Referring to fig. 2 and 5, the air suction pump 11 sucks air from the bellows 13, the air near the air holes 17a flows into the straight tube 17 (the air flow rate at the air holes 17a is 2 m/s), and the fibers 25 are drawn and attracted by the drawing force and the negative pressure at the air holes 17a to be close to the air holes 17 a; the air pump 11 circulates the cold air produced by the water chiller 12 through the circulating air pipe 14 and the air box 13, so that the cold air flows through the air holes 17a, the cold air lowers the temperature of the air near the air holes 17a on the outer side of the straight pipe 17, and the temperature is lower as the distance from the air holes 17a is smaller, the fibers 25 are located at the proper temperature (20 ℃ is optimal), the cooling and solidification of the side of the fibers 25 facing the air holes 17a are faster than that of the side facing away from the air holes 17a, and the fibers 25 are deformed by self-coiling and are not affected by the turbulence of the air flow, so that the fibers 25 are not easily floated, and the fibers 25 can be sufficiently cooled.
As shown in fig. 3, heat exchange pipes 24 for cooling are provided in the first chamber 20 and the fourth chamber 23, and the heat exchange pipes 24 are also communicated with a refrigerant circulation pipe in the water chiller 12. Because the cold air exchanges heat with the air at the air hole 17a when flowing, the cold air in the straight pipe 17 can be gradually heated, namely the temperature in the straight pipe 17 for the inlet cold air is lower than the temperature in the straight pipe 17 for the outlet cold air, and the cold water unit 12 is used for directly reducing the temperature of the cold air in the circulating air pipe 14, although the temperature in the straight pipe 17 for the outlet cold air can reach the standard, the temperature in the straight pipe 17 for the inlet cold air is lower than the standard, so the cold air passing through the first chamber 20 and the fourth chamber 23 can be reduced by circulating the refrigerant in the heat exchange pipes 24 of the first chamber 20 and the fourth chamber 23 by the cold water unit 12 (the first chamber 20 and the second chamber 21 are located at the middle section of the cold air flowing path in the air box 13), and the temperature in the straight pipe 17 for the outlet cold air can be reduced to reach the standard on the premise of not influencing the temperature in the.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a native three-dimensional single component fiber production line, includes pneumatic pulse conveyer (1), filling desiccator (2), screw extruder (3), cooling forming machine (4), winder (5), seal wire machine (6), draft machine (7), crimping machine (8), fibre cutter (9), drying machine (10) that connect gradually, its characterized in that: the cooling forming machine (4) comprises an air suction pump (11), a water chilling unit (12), an air box (13) and a circulating air pipe (14), wherein the air suction pump (11), the water chilling unit (12) and the air box (13) are sequentially connected through the circulating air pipe (14), one end of the circulating air pipe (14) is connected with an air outlet of the air suction pump (11), and the other end of the circulating air pipe (14) is connected with an air inlet of the air suction pump (11); bellows (13) are including left box (15), right box (16) and a plurality of straight tube (17) that are parallel to each other, the both ends of straight tube (17) respectively with the inner chamber of left box (15), the inner chamber switch-on of right box (16), evenly be equipped with a plurality of gas pockets (17 a) along length direction on every straight tube (17), fibre (25) are located between left box (15) and the right box (16) and are close to straight tube (17), all have a plurality of gas pockets (17 a) to be located directly over all fibre (25) on every straight tube (17), be equipped with gas outlet (21 a) of connecting circulation tuber pipe (14) on left side box (15), be equipped with air inlet (22 a) of connecting circulation tuber pipe (14) on right box (16).
2. The virgin three-dimensional monocomponent fiber production line of claim 1, wherein: a first partition plate (18) is arranged in the left box body (15), and the left box body (15) is divided into a first chamber (20) and a second chamber (21) by the first partition plate (18); a second partition plate (19) is arranged in the right box body (16), and the right box body (16) is divided into a third chamber (22) and a fourth chamber (23) by the second partition plate (19); the first chamber (20) is connected with the third chamber (22), the first chamber (20) is connected with the fourth chamber (23), and the second chamber (21) is connected with the fourth chamber (23) through a straight pipe (17).
3. The primary three-dimensional monocomponent fiber production line according to claim 2, wherein: the volume ratio of the first chamber (20) to the second chamber (21) is 2: 1, the volume ratio of the third chamber (22) to the fourth chamber (23) is 1: 2.
4. the protogenic three-dimensional mono-component fibre production line according to claim 3, characterized in that: and heat exchange pipes (24) for refrigeration are arranged in the first chamber (20) and the fourth chamber (23), and the heat exchange pipes (24) are also connected with the water chilling unit (12).
5. The virgin three-dimensional monocomponent fiber production line of claim 1, wherein: the straight pipe (17) is provided with an arc-shaped groove (17 b), and the arc-shaped groove (17 b) is positioned right above the fiber (25).
6. The virgin three-dimensional monocomponent fiber production line of claim 1, wherein: and a spinneret plate is arranged at the filament outlet of the screw extruder (3), and the distance from the air hole (17 a) closest to the spinneret plate is less than 35 cm.
7. A process for producing virgin three-dimensional monocomponent fibers, which adopts the virgin three-dimensional monocomponent fiber production line of any one of claims 1 to 6, and is characterized in that: the temperature at the air vent (17 a) is 20 + -2 deg.C, and the air flow rate at the air vent (17 a) is 0.8-3 m/s.
8. The process for producing virgin three-dimensional mono-component fibers according to claim 7, wherein: the screw extruder (3) comprises an extrusion 1 area, an extrusion 2 area, an extrusion 3 area, an extrusion 4 area, an extrusion 5 area and a flange area, and the temperature ranges of the above areas are as follows: 286 + -5 deg.C, 292 + -5 deg.C, 298 + -5 deg.C, 295 + -5 deg.C, 292 + -5 deg.C, 290 + -5 deg.C.
9. The process for producing virgin three-dimensional mono-component fibers according to claim 7, wherein: the winding speed of the winder (5) is 900 +/-50 m/min, and the winding speed of the drafting machine (7) is 600 +/-50 m/min.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1332275A (en) * | 2000-07-03 | 2002-01-23 | 东华大学 | Production process of 3D hollow crimped staple |
| CN102517675B (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2014-01-15 | 杭州贝斯特化纤有限公司 | Production technique of three-dimensional curly hollow polyester staple fibers |
| DE102014015729A1 (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-04-28 | Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg | Apparatus and method for melt spinning and cooling a filament bundle |
| CN204417731U (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-06-24 | 江苏法华纺织机械有限公司 | A kind of cold rail mechanism of false twist elastic machine |
| CN107012522B (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2019-11-01 | 无锡力扬纤维有限公司 | Produce the production line and its production technology of the compound short fibre of Three-dimensional crimped hollow type terylene |
| CN208545519U (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-02-26 | 长兴宝福织造股份有限公司 | A kind of cooling device of chemical fiber wire |
| CN208362534U (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2019-01-11 | 江苏恒力化纤股份有限公司 | A kind of side-blown fairing |
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