CN109810485B - Graphite/elastic resin composite particle, preparation method thereof and application thereof in manufacturing polishing wheel - Google Patents
Graphite/elastic resin composite particle, preparation method thereof and application thereof in manufacturing polishing wheel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a graphite/elastic resin compound particle, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in manufacturing a polishing wheel. The polishing wheel mainly comprises unsaturated polyester resin, an abrasive, a filler and graphite/elastic resin compound particles, wherein the graphite/elastic resin compound particles consist of 30-70 vol% of graphite and 70-30 vol% of elastic resin, and the particle size of the compound particles is 200-1500 mu m. The graphite/elastic resin compound particles are applied to the preparation of the resin polishing wheel, the obtained resin polishing wheel is good in friction resistance, lubrication and heat dissipation performance, the processing quality and the service life are improved, and the problem that the lubrication and heat dissipation effects are poor when the resin polishing wheel is processed is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of materials, and particularly relates to graphite/elastic resin compound particles, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in manufacturing a polishing wheel.
Background
Currently, for grinding/polishing stone, glass, ceramic and other materials, unsaturated polyester resin bond polishing wheels are widely used, and comprise unsaturated polyester resin as a bonding agent, hard abrasives such as silicon carbide or aluminum oxide as abrasives, and various inert/grinding-aid fillers. The unsaturated polyester resin in the raw material composition is liquid resin, and a resin casting molding process is adopted, so the unsaturated polyester resin is also called as a casting resin polishing wheel.
The fillers used in such polishing wheels are of various types, including fillers that help improve processing properties of the polishing wheel, enhance grinding aid or functionality of the resin system, and inert fillers that reduce material costs without affecting performance.
In the resin bond grinding wheel manufactured by a hot pressing method, powdered phenolic resin and the like are commonly used to be mixed with grinding materials and solid particle fillers to form a uniform mixture, the mixture is put into a die, and the resin grinding wheel is formed through a cold pressing-heating and direct hot pressing curing process. In the thermosetting resin grinding wheel, graphite is commonly used as a lubricating/heat dissipating filler in the prior art, so that the heat of a grinding/polishing interface is effectively reduced during grinding or polishing, the friction characteristic of the resin grinding wheel is improved, and the service life and the efficiency of the resin grinding wheel are further improved.
However, graphite-based fillers, although well used in hot-pressed resin grinding wheels, cannot be applied to unsaturated polyester resin systems, mainly because graphite-based materials have a polymerization inhibiting effect on unsaturated polyesters, making them incapable of curing. Therefore, the addition amount is limited to 0.5 vol% or less, and the addition level of the amount is insufficient to exert the lubricating/heat dissipating effect in grinding and polishing.
Thus, there is also a lack of an effective and practical method of providing a lubricating/heat dissipating filler in unsaturated polyester resin polishing wheels.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides graphite/elastic resin compound particles, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in manufacturing a polishing wheel. The graphite/elastic resin composite particles are adopted to replace graphite and used in a polishing wheel prepared by taking unsaturated polyester resin as a binding agent, and the problems of poor lubricating and heat dissipation effects of the conventional resin polishing wheel can be effectively solved.
The scheme of the invention is to provide graphite/elastic resin compound particles, which consist of the following components in percentage by volume: 30 to 70 vol% of graphite and 70 to 30 vol% of elastic resin.
Repeatedly verified by the inventor, when the graphite accounts for less than 30 percent of the total volume of the composite particles, the graphite is applied to a polishing wheel, and the lubricating and heat-radiating effects are not obvious; when the graphite accounts for more than 70 percent of the total volume of the composite particles, the exposed proportion of the graphite on the surfaces of the composite particles is too high, so that the unsaturated polyester polishing wheel is inhibited from polymerization during subsequent preparation. Therefore, when the graphite dosage is within the range, the graphite can be embedded by the elastic resin in a large area, the reaction on unsaturated polyester is not enough to generate polymerization inhibition, and the lubricating and heat-radiating effects are good.
Wherein the graphite material is carbon black, natural crystalline flake graphite or graphene.
Wherein the elastic resin is two-component elastic polyurethane or two-component elastic epoxy resin.
The invention further provides a preparation method of the graphite/elastic resin compound particles, which comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing graphite and the elastic resin prepolymer to obtain a mixture a;
(2) casting and curing the mixture a obtained in the step (1) to obtain a graphite/elastic resin composite material;
(3) and (3) crushing the graphite/elastic resin composite material obtained in the step (2) to obtain graphite/elastic resin compound particles.
Preferably, in the step (1), the particle size of the graphite is 1-200 μm.
Preferably, in the step (1), the graphite is carbon black, natural flake graphite or graphene.
Preferably, in the step (1), the elastic resin is a thermosetting resin. The uncured elastic resin is in a liquid state at normal temperature, comprises liquid elastic polyurethane, liquid elastic epoxy resin and the like, and can be cured at the normal temperature.
Preferably, in the step (2), the curing temperature is 25-60 ℃; the curing time is 0.5-10 h.
Preferably, in the step (2), the shore hardness of the cured elastic resin is 40 to 80 HD.
Preferably, in the step (3), the crushing is carried out until the particle size is 200-1500 μm. Wherein, the particle size of the graphite/elastic composite particle is 200-1500 μm, which means the maximum size of the cross section of the composite particle is 200-1500 μm, and the particle can be in the shape of column, strip, triangular pyramid, hexahedron or various irregular shapes, and can also be in single shape or mixed shape.
The inventor repeatedly verifies that when the size of the graphite/elastic resin compound particle is less than 200 mu m, the processing difficulty is improved on one hand, and the exposed area of the graphite on the surface of the compound particle is increased on the other hand; when the size of the graphite/elastic resin composite particle is more than 1500 μm, the degree of uniform dispersion of the graphite/elastic resin composite particle on the surface of the polishing wheel is affected, and the lubricating and heat dissipating effects are weakened.
The invention also provides application of the graphite/elastic resin compound particles in manufacturing polishing wheels.
The invention further provides a preparation method of the polishing wheel, which comprises the following steps:
(i) mixing and homogenizing graphite/elastic resin compound particles, abrasive materials, fillers and unsaturated polyester resin to obtain a mixture A;
(ii) and (e) adding a curing agent and an accelerator into the mixture A obtained in the step (i), mixing again, and casting, curing and molding to obtain the polishing wheel.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the graphite/elastic resin composite particles to the abrasive to the filler to the unsaturated polyester resin to the curing agent to the accelerator is 1: 1.5-2.5: 6-7: 0.08-0.12.
The unsaturated polyester resin binder used in the polishing wheel of the invention may be any of those conventionally used. It is known that unsaturated polyester resins are liquid mixtures in viscous form, obtained by dissolving unsaturated polyesters, such as styrene, with unsaturated monomers which crosslink the polyesters. Cured unsaturated polyester resins can be produced by curing unsaturated polyester resins by using a known peroxide initiator or a combination of a peroxide initiator and a curing accelerator. The cured resins produced have opened up an extremely wide range of uses. The unsaturated polyester is generally prepared by condensation reaction of α, β -unsaturated dibasic acid such as maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, etc. and diol such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, etc., and the molecular weight of the condensate is preferably 1000 to 3000. When unsaturated polyesters are crosslinked using unsaturated monomers, vinyl monomers such as styrene, vinyl toluene, divinyl benzene, vinyl acetate, acrylates and the like are generally suitable, with styrene being particularly preferred. The mixture of the crosslinked unsaturated polyester and the unsaturated monomer is a water-insoluble resinous oily mixture, and the mixture is generally mixed in a ratio of 80:20 to 30:70, which is called as an uncured unsaturated polyester resin. Conventional standard designations are 191 unsaturated polyester resins, 196 unsaturated polyester resins, and the like.
Wherein the abrasive is fused aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, diamond, corundum, garnet or glass powder; the granularity of the abrasive is determined by the specific requirements of polishing, such as material removal amount, surface roughness and brightness, and is 5-400 mu m.
The filler is a general name of all various filling materials except a resin bonding agent and an abrasive in the polishing wheel, and the filler comprises a filler for improving polishing performance and enhancing grinding aid or functionality of a resin system, and an inert filler for reducing material cost on the premise of not influencing performance. The filler can be solid granular mica, quartz, titanium dioxide, cryolite, feldspathic plumbite, olivine, gypsum, clay, calcium carbonate, dolomite, aluminum hydroxide or silicon dioxide, or water soluble salts of sodium chloride, potassium sulfate or sodium sulfate.
It is emphasized that when the graphite/elastic resin compound particles are added into the mixture of the polishing wheel, due to the thermosetting property of the elastic resin, the phenomena of plastic deformation and secondary melting which are easily caused by thermoplastic resin can not occur under the heated condition, so that the situation that the graphite/elastic resin compound particles are melted and deformed when the unsaturated polyester resin has the thermal peak temperature of 110-130 ℃ in the manufacturing process of the polishing wheel is avoided.
In terms of overall design and invention concept, the Shore hardness of the elastic resin used for preparing the compound particles is 40-80 HD, and the Shore hardness of the unsaturated polyester resin used for manufacturing the polishing wheel is 95-100 HD. The biphase resin with different hardness is adopted, so that the elasticity modulus of the whole surface of the polishing wheel can be adjusted, and the deformation resistance and the compliance of the polishing wheel to the surface of a workpiece during high-speed rotation stress are adjusted and improved. Through combining the resins with different hardness, the mechanical property of the polishing wheel is improved, and the technical problem that the polishing wheel is lack of lubrication and heat dissipation in the prior art is solved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the graphite/elastic resin compound particle can still embed the graphite phase in a large area under the condition of higher content of the graphite phase, and cannot cause the graphite phase to appear in a compound particle interface layer, so that the graphite/elastic resin compound particle is adopted to replace graphite and is used in a polishing wheel prepared by taking unsaturated polyester resin as a main raw material, the problem that the graphite can generate a polymerization inhibition effect on the unsaturated polyester resin can be effectively solved, the obtained resin polishing wheel has good friction resistance, lubrication and heat dissipation performance, moreover, the hardness difference existing between the elastic resin (Shore hardness is 40-80 HD) and the unsaturated polyester resin (Shore hardness is 95-100 HD) is utilized, the elastic modulus of the whole surface of the polishing wheel is favorably adjusted, and the anti-deformation capability and the compliance of the polishing wheel to the surface of a workpiece during high-speed rotation stress are further adjusted and improved, the processing quality and the service life are improved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of graphite/elastic resin compound particles, which comprises the following steps:
(1) will be provided with935g of a particle size of 100 μm and a density of 2.15g/cm3The natural crystalline flake graphite is mixed with a two-component commercial elastic polyurethane prepolymer with the brand number of HC-8350, wherein the A component and the B component are both 250g, and a mixture a is obtained after homogeneous mixing;
(2) pouring the mixture a obtained in the step (1) into a rectangular disc, leveling and uniformly spreading to form a casting layer with the thickness of 0.3mm, and curing for 10 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain a graphite/elastic resin composite material;
(3) processing the graphite/elastic resin composite material obtained in the step (2) into a wire material with the width of 300-500 mu m, and then processing the wire material into particles according to the length of 300-500 mu m to obtain hexahedral graphite/elastic resin compound particles.
Through detection, the graphite in the obtained graphite/elastic resin compound particle accounts for 50 percent of the total volume, and the density of the compound particle is 1.65g/cm3The shore hardness of the elastic resin is 50 HD.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the resin polishing wheel, which comprises the following steps:
(i) uniformly mixing 150g of graphite/elastic resin composite particles, 300g of silicon carbide with the particle size of 7 mu m, 200g of light calcium carbonate with the particle size of 20 mu m, 100g of sodium chloride with the particle size of 200 mu m and 1000g of unsaturated polyester resin with the brand number of 191 to obtain a mixture A;
(ii) and (e) adding 15g of curing agent methyl ethyl ketone peroxide and 15g of accelerator cobalt naphthenate into the mixture A obtained in the step (i), and casting and forming to obtain the polishing wheel with the outer diameter of 165mm, the central aperture of 25mm and the thickness of 10 mm.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of graphite/elastic resin compound particles, which comprises the following steps:
(1) 560g of a powder having a particle size of 200 μm and a density of 2.10g/cm3The graphene is mixed with a two-component commercial elastic polyurethane prepolymer with the brand number of HC-8350, wherein the A component and the B component are both 435g, and a mixture a is obtained after homogeneous mixing;
(2) pouring the mixture a obtained in the step (1) into a rectangular disc, leveling and uniformly spreading to form a casting layer with the thickness of 0.3mm, and curing at 60 ℃ for 0.5h to obtain the graphite/elastic resin composite material;
(3) processing the graphite/elastic resin composite material obtained in the step (2) into a wire material with the width of 1300-1500 mu m, and then processing the wire material into particles according to the length of 1300-1500 mu m to obtain the graphite/elastic resin compound particles.
Through detection, the graphite in the obtained graphite/elastic resin compound particle accounts for 30 percent of the total volume, and the density of the compound particle is 1.55g/cm3The shore hardness of the elastic resin was 40 HD.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the resin polishing wheel, which comprises the following steps:
(i) uniformly mixing 150g of graphite/elastic resin compound particles, 225g of corundum with the particle size of 7 mu m, 250g of aluminum hydroxide with the particle size of 20 mu m, 125g of potassium sulfate with the particle size of 200 mu m and 900g of 191-grade unsaturated polyester resin to obtain a mixture A;
(ii) and (e) adding 18g of curing agent methyl ethyl ketone peroxide and 12g of accelerator cobalt naphthenate into the mixture A obtained in the step (i), and casting and forming to obtain the polishing wheel with the outer diameter of 165mm, the central aperture of 25mm and the thickness of 10 mm.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of graphite/elastic resin compound particles, which comprises the following steps:
(1) 1300g of a powder having a particle size of 1 μm and a density of 2.23g/cm3The carbon black is mixed with a two-component commercial elastic polyurethane prepolymer with the brand number of HC-8350, wherein the A component and the B component are both 68g, and a mixture a is obtained after homogeneous mixing;
(2) pouring the mixture a obtained in the step (1) into a rectangular disc, leveling and uniformly spreading to form a casting layer with the thickness of 0.3mm, and curing at 40 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain the graphite/elastic resin composite material;
(3) processing the graphite/elastic resin composite material obtained in the step (2) into a wire material with the width of 200-250 microns, and then processing the wire material into particles according to the length of 200-250 microns to obtain the graphite/elastic resin compound particles.
Through detection, the graphite in the obtained graphite/elastic resin compound particle accounts for 70 percent of the total volume, and the density of the compound particle is 1.75g/cm3Shore of elastic resinThe hardness in durometer is 80 HD.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the resin polishing wheel, which comprises the following steps:
(i) uniformly mixing 150g of graphite/elastic resin composite particles, 375g of glass powder with the particle size of 7 mu m, 160g of silicon dioxide with the particle size of 20 mu m, 90g of sodium sulfate with the particle size of 200 mu m and 1050g of unsaturated polyester resin with the trade name of 191 to obtain a mixture A;
(ii) and (e) adding 12g of curing agent methyl ethyl ketone peroxide and 18g of accelerator cobalt naphthenate into the mixture A obtained in the step (i), and casting and forming to obtain the polishing wheel with the outer diameter of 165mm, the central aperture of 25mm and the thickness of 10 mm.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a method for manufacturing a resin polishing wheel, which is different from example 1 in that 240g of light calcium carbonate was substituted for the graphite/elastic resin composite particles in example 1, and the rest of the operation was not changed.
Application example
The performance of both polishing wheels was verified by mounting the polishing wheels obtained in example 1 and comparative example 1 coaxially on a stone mill and polishing marble conventionally.
The detection method comprises the following steps:
the grinding length of the marble is 20m in total, and the surface glossiness of the marble in the rear 15m is checked in consideration of the fact that the wheel is not completely contacted with the surface of the stone when 5m is in the running-in period before grinding; the polishing wheel diameter was then measured and the wear resistance of the polishing wheel was estimated.
And (3) detection results:
after the surface of the polished marble is naturally air-dried, ten-point sampling is carried out on the polished rear section by using a YG268 high-precision gloss meter to measure the gloss, ten-point data is averaged, and the result of measured data of the gloss shows that the polishing effect of the polishing wheel obtained in the example 1 is superior to that of the polishing wheel obtained in the comparative example 1.
The diameters of the polishing wheels obtained in example 1 and comparative example 1 were measured, respectively, and the results of the measurements showed that the relative wear amount of the polishing wheel obtained in example 1 was lower than that of the polishing wheel obtained in comparative example 1.
In conclusion, the polishing wheel added with the graphite/elastic resin compound particles has improved processing quality and service life.
In addition, it has been found that in the actual polishing process, since the frictional property of the polishing wheel is improved, the noise occurring during polishing is greatly reduced, which is very advantageous for improving the working environment.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The graphite/elastic resin composite particle is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by volume: 30-70 vol% of graphite and 70-30 vol% of elastic resin;
the graphite/elastic resin compound particle is applied to a method for manufacturing a polishing wheel, and the preparation method of the polishing wheel comprises the following steps:
(i) mixing and homogenizing graphite/elastic resin compound particles, abrasive materials, fillers and unsaturated polyester resin to obtain a mixture A;
(ii) adding a curing agent and an accelerant into the mixture A obtained in the step (i), mixing again, and casting, curing and molding to obtain the polishing wheel;
wherein the particle size of the graphite/elastic resin composite particles is 200-1500 μm; the elastic resin is thermosetting resin; the Shore hardness of the elastic resin is 40-80 HD; the Shore hardness of the unsaturated polyester resin is 95-100 HD.
2. The method for producing the graphite/elastic resin composite particle as set forth in claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) uniformly mixing graphite and the elastic resin prepolymer to obtain a mixture a;
(2) casting and curing the mixture a obtained in the step (1) to obtain a graphite/elastic resin composite material;
(3) and (3) crushing the graphite/elastic resin composite material obtained in the step (2) to obtain graphite/elastic resin compound particles.
3. The method for producing the graphite/elastic resin composite particle according to claim 2, wherein in the step (1), the particle size of the graphite is 1 to 200 μm.
4. The method for producing the graphite/elastic resin composite particle according to claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the curing temperature is 25 to 60 ℃; the curing time is 0.5-10 h.
5. The method for preparing the graphite/elastic resin composite particle according to claim 2, wherein in the step (2), the Shore hardness of the elastic resin after the curing is 40 to 80 HD.
6. The method for producing graphite/elastic resin composite particles according to claim 2, wherein in the step (3), the pulverization is carried out to a particle size of 200 to 1500 μm.
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