CN109805981B

CN109805981B - Medical tool

Info

Publication number: CN109805981B
Application number: CN201711175754.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨明; 胡刚岭; 王正国
Original assignee: Suzhou Microport Orthopedic Instruments Co ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Microport Orthopedic Instruments Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-11-22
Filing date: 2017-11-22
Publication date: 2024-02-27
Anticipated expiration: 2037-11-22
Also published as: CN109805981A

Abstract

The invention relates to a medical tool comprising: a connecting shaft for connecting to a working shaft rotatable about its own axis; the drill bit is driven to rotate by the connecting shaft and is matched with the connecting shaft in a mode of relatively axially moving but not relatively rotating; the adjusting assembly is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft and provided with a driving piece for driving the drill bit to move along the axial direction. The length of the drill bit can be adjusted, the length can be shortened when the work is started, and the rigidity of the drill bit is improved, so that the torque at the beginning is reduced.

Description

Medical tool

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a medical tool with axial torque, and especially relates to a reamer and a reamer with the reamer.

Background

In recent years, in the field of fracture treatment, an intramedullary nail treatment method has been widely used, and a bone fracture part needs to be reamed by a reamers in the operation process, and the intramedullary nail is implanted after reamers are reamed. Reaming requires a high level of skill on the part of the physician. At present, in the marrow expanding process, due to uneven levels of doctors, more bone is often ground on one wall of a bone, and less bone is ground on the other side wall, so that the intramedullary nail is difficult to insert, and the operation effect is affected.

The traditional reamer for reaming marrow is usually matched with a cross wrench to rotate by manpower, and has lower efficiency. Patent CN201610993019 discloses an electric reaming drill, which is only power to replace manpower, and has improved efficiency, but has no effective mechanism to remind doctors of uneven reaming or automatically stop when the reaming is uneven, and cannot solve the problem of uneven reaming. When the reaming is started, part of bone remains in the reaming part, the reaming resistance is large, and the bone is easily deviated from the center of the bone at the beginning, so that the subsequent reaming is uneven.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, it is necessary to provide a medical tool having an axial torque, which is too large when the medical tool starts to operate.

A medical tool, comprising:

a connecting shaft for connecting to a working shaft rotatable about its own axis;

the drill bit is driven to rotate by the connecting shaft and is matched with the connecting shaft in a mode of relatively axially moving but not relatively rotating;

the adjusting assembly is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft and provided with a driving piece for driving the drill bit to move along the axial direction.

The length of the drill bit of the medical tool can be adjusted, the length can be shortened when the medical tool starts working, and the rigidity of the drill bit is improved, so that the torque at the beginning is reduced.

In one embodiment, the adjusting assembly comprises a handle fixedly connected with the connecting shaft, the handle is provided with a containing space, the driving piece is rotatably arranged in the containing space, and the driving piece drives the drill bit to move along the axial direction when rotating. In one embodiment, the driving member is rotatable about the axis of the connecting shaft, the driving member is provided with a helical groove about the axis, the drill bit extends into the driving member, and the drill bit is connected with a pin shaft extending into the helical groove.

In one embodiment, a spring positioning pin which is abutted against the driving piece in the axial direction is arranged on the inner wall of the accommodating space of the handle, a plurality of positioning holes which are arranged along the circumferential direction are arranged on the end face of the driving piece, and the spring positioning pin is selectively matched with different positioning holes to limit the rotation of the driving piece.

In one embodiment, the driving member comprises a screw member arranged outside the drill bit and a rotating structure arranged outside the screw member, the rotating structure is fixedly connected with the screw member, the spiral groove is arranged outside the screw member, and the positioning hole is formed in the end face of the rotating structure.

In one embodiment, the rotating structure is provided with at least one ridge that protrudes at least partially from the surface of the handle.

In one embodiment, the screw member is provided with a pin shaft hole outside, the pin shaft hole is provided with a fastening pin, and the screw member is in interference fit with the rotating structure through the fastening pin.

In one embodiment, the connecting shaft is in nested fit with the drill bit, and a guiding unit for limiting the drill bit to rotate relative to the connecting shaft is arranged between the connecting shaft and the drill bit.

In one embodiment, the guide unit includes a sliding groove provided on one of the connection shaft or the drill bit, and a stopper provided on the other and restrained by the sliding groove.

In one embodiment, the connecting shaft is a hollow shaft, and one end of the drill bit extends into the connecting shaft.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises: the reamer body is provided with a working shaft which can rotate around the axis of the reamer body;

the connecting shaft is connected with the working shaft.

In one embodiment, the reamer body comprises a motor for driving the working shaft to rotate and a control unit for controlling the motor to operate, the drill bit is provided with a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is in communication connection with the control unit, and the control unit controls the motor to operate according to information of the pressure sensor.

In one embodiment, the device further comprises a prompt unit, and the prompt unit is controlled to work by the control unit.

In one embodiment, the cue unit is disposed on the reamer body or reamer.

In one embodiment, the prompting unit is a display screen, a sound generating device or a light emitting device.

In one embodiment, the reamer further comprises a manual switch that can independently control the motor.

In one embodiment, a control circuit is arranged between the control unit and the motor, the control circuit is used for being connected with a power supply for supplying power to the motor, an electronic switch is arranged in the control circuit, and the control unit controls the electronic switch to be disconnected or connected according to the information of the pressure sensor, so that the control circuit and the power supply are disconnected or can be connected.

In one embodiment, the electronic switch is a MOS transistor or a relay.

In one embodiment, the reamer body includes a housing in which the motor is disposed, and one end of the working shaft is positioned in the housing to be coupled with a driving shaft of the motor, and the other end extends out of the housing.

In one embodiment, the motor further comprises a power supply for supplying power to the motor, wherein the power supply is arranged in the shell or assembled with the shell outside the shell.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an reamer;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the reamer of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the screw member of the reamer of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an end face of the rotating structure shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of an embodiment of a reamer;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the functional module of the reaming reamer of FIG. 5;

fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of the motor on-off control of the reaming reamer of fig. 5.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, whereby the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Aiming at the problem that the torque is overlarge when a medical tool starts to work, the invention provides the medical tool with axial torque. The following description will take the medical tool as an example of a reamer and a reamer having the reamer.

Referring to fig. 1-3, an embodiment of an reamer 100 of the present invention is used to perform reaming operations, and includes a connecting shaft 110, a drill bit 120 and an adjustment assembly.

The connecting shaft 110 is for connection to a working shaft rotatable about its own axis. After the connecting shaft 110 is connected with the working shaft, the working shaft can drive the drill bit 120 to rotate. The connection manner between the connection shaft 110 and the working shaft is not limited. Such as may be directly connected by an interference fit. It is also possible to connect to the working shaft by means of a coupling. The working shaft may be a driving shaft of a motor or a rotating shaft driven by a power device through a transmission mechanism.

The drill bit 120 is engaged with the connection shaft 110 in a relatively axially movable but relatively non-rotatable manner. In other words, only relative axial movement, but not relative rotational movement, between the drill bit 120 and the connecting shaft 110 can occur. Thus, when the connection shaft 110 is rotated by the working shaft, the drill bit 120 rotates together therewith.

The adjustment assembly is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft 110 and has a driving member 131 for driving the drill bit 120 to move in an axial direction. The driving member 131 is a movable element in the adjusting assembly, and when operated, the drill bit 120 is driven to move left and right along the axis of the connecting shaft 110, so that the length of the drill bit 120 can be adjusted, and the length of the reamer 100 can be adjusted.

When the length of the reamer 100 needs to be adjusted, the driving member 131 is operated to extend or shorten the drill bit 120 relative to the connecting shaft 110, thereby achieving the length adjustment. Because the length can be adjusted, the length of the reaming bit can be shortened at the beginning of reaming, the rigidity of the reaming bit is improved, and the torque at the beginning of reaming is reduced, so that the deviation is avoided, the uneven reaming is avoided, and the reaming bit can be readjusted to the original length after deep.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the adjustment assembly includes a handle 132 fixedly coupled to the connection shaft 110, wherein the handle 132 has a receiving space 133, and the driving member 131 is rotatably disposed in the receiving space 133 to drive the drill bit 120 to move in an axial direction of the connection shaft 110 when the driving member 132 is rotated.

The manner of fixing the connection shaft 110 to the handle 132 is not limited. For example, in one connection shown in fig. 1, a right side of the handle 132 is provided with a channel communicating with the accommodating space 133, and one end of the connection shaft 110 is extended into the channel. The connection shaft 110 may be connected to the handle 132 on the outer side of the handle 132, for example, by a quick-change structure such as a clip on the outer side of the handle 132.

One configuration of the driving member 131 is shown in fig. 1 and 3, in which the driving member 131 is rotatable about the axis X of the connection shaft 110. The driving member 131 is provided with a helical groove 134 about the axis X. The drill bit 120 extends into the interior of the driver 131, and the drill bit 120 is connected with a pin 121 extending into the helical groove 134. The pin 121 may be integrally or detachably connected with the drill bit 120.

Because the drill bit 120 and the connecting shaft 110 cannot rotate relative to each other. Thus, when the driving member 131 rotates, the spiral groove 134 integrally rotates, and the spiral groove 134 rotates to enable the pin 121 to move linearly, so that the drill bit 120 moves along the axial direction of the connecting shaft 110.

When the drill bit 120 is adjusted into position, rotation of the connecting shaft 110 will cause the drill bit 120 to rotate. The driving member 131 will also rotate along with the connecting shaft 110, where the walls of the helical groove 134 abut the pin 121 in the axial direction, limiting the axial movement of the drill bit 120.

Further, in the present embodiment, a spring positioning pin 135 that abuts against the driving member 131 in the axial direction is provided on the inner wall of the accommodation space 133 of the handle 132. Specifically, the spring positioning pin 135 is placed in a hole opened on the inner wall of the accommodation space 133. As shown in fig. 4, the end surface of the driving member 131 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes 136 arranged in the circumferential direction. The spring alignment pins 135 selectively cooperate with different alignment holes to limit the rotation of the driver 131.

Take four uniformly distributed positioning holes 136 as an example. The position of the drill bit 120 when the spring locator pin 135 is engaged with one of the locator holes 136 may be defined as an initial position, where the drill bit 120 is at a maximum length relative to the connecting shaft, and the length of the entire reamer 100 is the longest. When the length of the drill bit 120 needs to be shortened at the beginning of the reaming, the driving member 131 can be rotated to overcome the component of the elastic force of the spring positioning pin 135 acting on the driving member 131 in the circumferential direction, and when the driving member 131 rotates to the next positioning hole 136 to be matched with the spring positioning pin 135, one-time length adjustment is realized. As such, the drill bit 120 is adjusted to the desired length as needed and then repositioned using the spring locator pins 135. The number of pilot holes 136 is dependent on the accuracy of adjustment required to adjust the drill bit 120 at a time.

Further, in the present embodiment, the driving member 131 includes a screw member 1311 disposed outside the drill bit 120 and a rotating structure 1312 disposed outside the screw member 1311. The rotating structure 1312 is fixedly coupled to the screw 1311. The spiral groove 134 is provided outside the screw 1311. The positioning hole 136 is disposed on the end surface of the rotating structure 1312. Thus, the operator rotates the rotating structure 1312 to rotate the driving member 131, so that the driving member 131 is not affected by the spiral groove 134 during operation, and the structural design of the driving member 131 is simplified. Also, the spiral groove 134 is not visible from the outside, providing a neat appearance. The outer surface of the rotating structure 1312 includes at least one ridge. Preferably, the ridge at least partially protrudes from the surface of the housing 132. During operation, even if tissue fluid in a human body or an animal body is smeared on the hands of medical staff, the rotation of the rotating structure 1312 can be easily realized by stirring the protruding ridges, so that the operation process is simplified, and the operation convenience is improved.

Further, the screw 1311 is externally provided with a pin hole 137. The pin shaft hole 137 may receive a fastening pin 138. The fastening pin 138 slightly protrudes from the pin shaft hole 137. The presence of the fastening pin 138 corresponds to an increase in the mating dimension of the screw 1311, thereby allowing the screw 1311 to be interference fit with the rotating structure 1312 through the fastening pin 138.

In an embodiment, the connecting shaft 110 and the drill bit 120 are in a nested fit, and a guiding unit for limiting the rotation of the drill bit 120 relative to the connecting shaft 110 is arranged between the connecting shaft 110 and the drill bit 120, wherein the nested fit is that the connecting shaft 110 can be located in the inner cavity of the drill bit 120, and the drill bit 120 can also be located in the inner cavity of the connecting shaft 110.

Fig. 1 illustrates a structure of the guide unit. The guide unit includes a sliding groove 122 provided on the drill bit 120, and a limit post 112 provided on the connection shaft 110 and restrained by the sliding groove 122. The stopper 112 prevents the drill bit 120 from rotating relative to the connection shaft 110 by engaging with the sliding groove 122, so that the drill bit 120 can be driven to move in a straight line. The positions of the sliding groove 122 and the limit post 112 may be interchanged.

Referring to fig. 1, a specific structure of the connecting shaft 110 is illustrated when the connecting shaft 110 and the drill bit 120 are in a nested engagement. Wherein the connection shaft 110 is provided as a hollow shaft and one end of the drill bit 120 protrudes into one end of the connection shaft 110. The other end of the connecting shaft 110 may be used to receive the working shaft to receive the torque transmitted by the working shaft.

In addition, the drill bit 120 may be restrained from rotating relative to the connecting shaft 110 in other ways. For example, guide pins are provided in the receiving space 133 of the handle 132 to restrain the drill bit 120 such that the drill bit 120 can only move linearly.

Further, the driving member 132 is not limited to the structure described in the above embodiment. For example, the driving member 132 may be a gear, and may drive the drill bit 120 to move linearly through a rack structure. For another example, the driving member 132 is screw-engaged with the drill bit 120, and the drill bit 120 is limited in rotation by the guide unit to perform only linear movement.

Referring to fig. 5, in one embodiment of the present invention, a reamer is also provided. As shown in fig. 5, the reamer comprises the reamer body 200 and the reamer 100 of the previous embodiment, wherein the reamer body 200 has a working shaft 210 rotatable around its own axis, and the coupling shaft 110 of the reamer 100 is coupled to the working shaft 210. The reamer body 200 includes at least a working shaft 210 rotatable about its own axis, which may also incorporate a power mechanism, power source, etc.

When the working shaft 210 rotates, the connecting shaft 110 is driven to rotate and drives the drill bit 120 to rotate, thereby performing reaming. Because the length of the drill 120 in the reamer 100 can be adjusted, the length of the reamer can be shortened at the beginning of reaming, the rigidity of the reamer can be improved, and the torque at the beginning of reaming can be reduced, so that deviation is avoided, uneven reaming is avoided, and the reamer can be readjusted to the original length after being penetrated in depth.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the reamer body 200 includes a motor 220 for driving the working shaft 210 to rotate, and a control unit 230 for controlling the motor 220 to operate, wherein the drill bit 120 is provided with a pressure sensor 140, the pressure sensor 140 is in communication connection with the control unit 230, and the control unit 230 controls the operation of the motor 220 according to the information of the pressure sensor 140.

The pressure sensor 140 is used to detect the pressure applied by the drill bit 120 during reaming. It may be a resistive strain gauge pressure sensor, a semiconductor strain gauge pressure sensor, a piezoresistive pressure sensor, an inductive pressure sensor, a capacitive pressure sensor, a resonant pressure sensor, etc.

The control unit 230 may be an embedded digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), microprocessor (Micro Processor Unit, MPU), application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), programmable logic device (Programmable Logic Device, PLD) System On Chip (SOC), central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), or field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA). It will be appreciated that the present embodiment is not limited to a particular type of control device 230.

The control unit 230 controls the operation of the motor 220 according to a preset pressure threshold, and when the pressure borne by the drill bit 120 exceeds the preset pressure threshold, the control unit 230 cuts off the power supply of the motor 220, so that the motor 220 automatically stops rotating, and the occurrence of uneven reaming is avoided. For example, if the normal force is 5N, the power of the motor 220 can be automatically turned off when the normal force exceeds 8N, so that the motor 220 automatically stops rotating, and the occurrence of uneven reaming is avoided.

The reamer can monitor the working pressure of the drill 120 in real time due to the pressure sensor 140, and realize automatic stop protection in overpressure, thereby avoiding uneven reaming.

The pressure sensor 140 may be integrated on the drill bit 120 of the reamer 100, and in use, the reamer 100 may be directly coupled to the reamer body 200 by selecting a suitable reamer.

In one embodiment, the reaming reamer further includes a prompt unit 240. The prompt unit 240 is controlled to operate by the control unit 230. Specifically, the prompt unit 240 may be provided on the reamer body 200 or the reamer 100 to prompt the operator of the current pressure value. As shown in fig. 5, the presentation unit 240 is provided on the connection shaft 110 of the reamer 100.

The prompt unit 240 may be a display screen that displays the number of pressures experienced by the drill bit 120 in real time. When motor 220 is stalled, an operator may learn, by looking at the display, that the protection shut down was due to pressure reaching a threshold. For another example, the presentation unit 240 may be a sound generating device. The increase in pressure may be indicated at this time by a non-component shellfish or a different type of sound. The indication unit 240 may also be a light emitting device that indicates an increase in pressure by means of a light color, brightness, or a combination thereof.

By providing the prompting unit 240, the operator can learn the cause of the stoppage. In addition, when the automatic shutdown fails, the manual power-off protection can be selected according to the prompt of the prompt unit 240.

Referring to fig. 7, a principle of an implementation of controlling the operation of the motor 220 by the control unit 230 is illustrated. A control circuit 250 is provided between the control unit 230 and the motor 240. The control circuit 250 is configured to be coupled to a power supply 260 that provides power to the motor 220. The control circuit 250 is provided with an electronic switch 251. The control unit 230 controls the electronic switch 251 to be turned off or on according to the information of the sensor 130, so that the control circuit 250 is turned off or can be connected to the power supply 260.

The electronic switch 251 turns on or off the circuit according to a preset condition. For example, the electronic switch 251 may be a MOS transistor or a relay.

Further, in one embodiment, the reaming reamer further includes a manual switch 270 that can independently control the motor 220. The manual switch 270 is connected in series with the electronic switch 251 in the circuit, and the two can respectively and independently control the motor 220. Specifically, manual switch 270 may employ a single pole double throw switch that may be used to drive motor 220 and manually disconnect power to motor 220 when desired.

In one embodiment, the reamer body 200 includes a housing 280. Motor 220 is disposed within housing 280. One end of the working shaft 210 is located within the housing 280 and mates with the drive shaft of the motor 220, and the other end extends out of the housing 280.

The housing 280 is a carrier for other components such as the motor 220. The housing 280 may be a half-type housing formed by splicing left and right parts. In this embodiment, a holding portion 281 is formed on the housing 280 for an operator to hold. The grip 281 is substantially 90 degrees from the rest of the housing 280. The housing 280 is generally pistol-shaped.

A gear system may be provided between the working shaft 210 and the driving shaft of the motor 220 to expand the selection range of the motor. In the configuration shown in fig. 5, a primary bevel gear system is provided.

Further, in the present embodiment, the reamer body 200 further includes a power source 260 for powering the motor 220, wherein the power source 260 is disposed within the housing 280. In addition, the power supply 260 may be assembled with the housing 280 outside the housing 280. At this time, a power supply installation site is provided on the outer wall of the housing 280. The reamer body 200 is integrated with a power supply 260, and is convenient to operate without the influence of a power line when in use.

The power supply 260 may be a battery pack. The battery pack has one or more battery packs therein. Each battery pack has one or more batteries.

In other embodiments, the interior or exterior of the reamer body 200 does not contain a power source. Wherein the reamer body 200 is reserved with a power interface to an internal control circuit 250. The power interface may be connected to an external power source, such as mains or a mobile power source.

The embodiment provided by the invention is preferably a reamer and a reamer, but the technical scheme provided by the invention can be applied to other medical tools or medical instruments which need rotational torque.

The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A medical tool, comprising:

the adjusting component is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft and provided with a driving piece for driving the drill bit to move along the axial direction, the adjusting component comprises a handle fixedly connected with the connecting shaft, the handle is provided with an accommodating space, the driving piece is rotatably arranged in the accommodating space, and the driving piece drives the drill bit to move along the axial direction when rotating; the driving piece can rotate around the axis of the connecting shaft, the driving piece is provided with a spiral groove around the axis, the drill bit stretches into the driving piece, the drill bit is connected with a pin shaft stretching into the spiral groove, the connecting shaft is in nested fit with the drill bit, and a guide unit limiting the drill bit to rotate relative to the connecting shaft is arranged between the connecting shaft and the drill bit.

2. The medical tool according to claim 1, wherein the right side of the handle is provided with a channel communicating with the accommodating space, and one end of the connecting shaft extends into the channel.

3. The medical tool according to claim 1, wherein a spring positioning pin which is abutted against the driving member in the axial direction is provided on an inner wall of the accommodating space of the handle, a plurality of positioning holes which are arranged in the circumferential direction are provided on an end surface of the driving member, and the spring positioning pin is selectively engaged with different positioning holes to restrict rotation of the driving member.

4. A medical tool according to claim 3, wherein the driving member comprises a screw member arranged outside the drill bit and a rotating structure arranged outside the screw member, the rotating structure is fixedly connected with the screw member, the spiral groove is arranged outside the screw member, and the positioning hole is arranged on the end face of the rotating structure.

5. The medical tool according to claim 1, wherein the guide unit includes a sliding groove provided on one of the connection shaft or the drill bit, and a stopper post provided on the other, which is restrained by the sliding groove.

6. The medical tool of claim 1, wherein the connecting shaft is a hollow shaft, and wherein one end of the drill extends into the connecting shaft.

7. The medical tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising:

the reamer body is provided with a working shaft which can rotate around the axis of the reamer body;

the connecting shaft is connected with the working shaft.

8. The medical tool according to claim 7, wherein the reamer body comprises a motor for driving the working shaft to rotate and a control unit for controlling the motor to operate, a pressure sensor is arranged on the drill bit, the pressure sensor is in communication connection with the control unit, and the control unit controls the motor to operate according to information of the pressure sensor.

9. The medical tool of claim 8, further comprising a reminder unit, the reminder unit being operated by the control unit.

10. The medical tool according to claim 8, wherein a control circuit is arranged between the control unit and the motor, the control circuit is used for being connected with a power supply for supplying power to the motor, an electronic switch is arranged in the control circuit, and the control unit controls the electronic switch to be turned off or on according to the information of the pressure sensor, so that the control circuit and the power supply are turned off or can be turned on.