CN109801493A - A kind of traffic capacity calculation method based on congestion ratio - Google Patents
A kind of traffic capacity calculation method based on congestion ratio Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The climate resourcee and equations in space and time of this method integrated application patent application " a kind of space-time analysis method for studying traffic congestion qualitative change opposite with the traffic capacity " (application No. is 201811172485.7), and a kind of research achievements such as sub- equation of climate resourcee of patent application " space-time analysis method for studying microscopic traffic flow " (application No. is 201811200716.0), using the mode of deduction, a kind of method that the traffic capacity is calculated based on traffic congestion rate is established.This method clear logic, it is simple and easy to do, it can obtain to be traditionally based on the observation of a large amount of data and summarize and analyze and obtain traffic capacity data.From application range, traffic capacity and the congestion ratio analysis that this method is carried out from cavitation angle, it can be widely applied to all kinds of traffic and transport fields, including two-dimensional surfaces communications and transportation such as road traffic, water surface traffic, also include the 3 D stereos communications and transportation such as aerospace, underwater, there is great application value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention studies a kind of traffic capacity calculation method based on congestion ratio, and having merged patent application, " one kind is ground
Study carefully the space-time analysis method of traffic congestion qualitative change opposite with the traffic capacity " (application No. is 201811172485.7) and patent Shen
A kind of please " space-time analysis method for studying microscopic traffic flow " (application No. is 201811200716.0) two kinds of novel space-time analysis methods
Achievement, using deduct mode, establish it is a kind of based on traffic congestion rate calculate the traffic capacity method, be suitable for all kinds of friendships
Logical field and associated electrical message area.
Background technique
In daily life, traffic congestion issues have become problem very universal, very sharp in mankind's traffic.
Traffic engineering is exactly to study a special kind of skill science of traffic rule and its application, wherein the traffic capacity of road
It is the basic conception of traffic engineering with service level, they reflect the nature and function of road from different angles.
The traffic capacity mainly reflects the number of road service quantity or the size of ability, be in certain period of time and
Under the conditions of common road, traffic, control, it can reasonably it is expected that people and vehicle are handed over by a certain section of road or the maximum of place
Entire body quantity.
Assessment of Serviceability of Roads mainly reflects the quality or satisfaction of road service, is road user according to traffic shape
State, from speed, it is comfortable, conveniently, the obtained service routine of economic and safety etc., i.e., the provided fortune under certain transportation condition
The service quality of row service.Different service level evaluation indexes is used for different road scenes, mainly includes density
(pcu/ (kmln)), V/C(actual capacity/design capacity) density, the volume of traffic (pcu/ (hln)), delay rate
(%), average speed (km/h), vehicle queue number () etc..
Currently, in the world to the research of road passage capability being started with from observation, obtained by summarizing and analyzing.It is this
Research is using the U.S. as representative, and in the 1940s, other countries follow up successively in the U.S., by government organization research group, base
In big discharge observation data, traffic capacity handbook is compiled, proposes basic capacity, possible traffic capacity and practical current energy
The concepts such as power, service level, Road Network Capacity achieve many scientific achievements.
But since actual road traffic system is the complication system being made of people, vehicle, road interaction, traffic work
In the existing theory of Cheng Xue, also lack a kind of theory for being able to reflect this complication system, road passage capability and service level
Mostly assessed using some measurement data and empirical equation.For example, six grades of LOS criterias with reference to the U.S. are assessed,
Lacking theoretical direction using upper one, two come the national conditions of various countries and traffic condition difference, it is difficult to which accurate evaluation real road is handed over
Logical situation.
A kind of patent application " space-time analysis method for studying traffic congestion qualitative change opposite with the traffic capacity " (patent application
Number be 201811172485.7, hereinafter referred to as macroscopical space-time analysis method) time by research traffic congestion and steric nature, ginseng
The newton view of time and space and space-time view in relativity for examining physics, establish the view of time and space of traffic characteristic, with theorem in Euclid space geometry, Min
The mathematical tools such as family name's spacetime geometry, operational research, with the form of equations in space and time disclose traffic congestion and the cavitation traffic capacity it
Between with respect to variation rule, reflect the macroscopic properties of traffic flow.
Patent application " a kind of space-time analysis method for studying microscopic traffic flow " (number of patent application 201811200716.0,
Hereinafter referred to as microcosmic space-time analysis method), existing microscopic traffic flow theory is merged, using the thinking side of modern physics quantum theory
Method, research traffic unit occupy the cavitation traffic capacity handed on channel cross-section, establish the climate resourcee submodule of traffic unit
Type embodies the microscopic feature of traffic flow.
Due to defining in conventional traffic engineering theory, the traffic capacity is based upon a certain section of road or place most
Big traffic body quantity counts, and is a kind of traffic capacity of quantification, and macroscopical space-time analysis method is point carried out based on space-time
Analysis, equations in space and time are reflected between traffic congestion and the cavitation traffic capacity with respect to the property of variation, are expressed with spatio-temporal methods
The traffic capacity in application with traditional theory and practice some disconnections.
Summary of the invention
Macroscopical space-time analysis method reflects the macroscopic properties of traffic flow, and microcosmic space-time analysis method reflects the microcosmic of traffic flow
Feature, the present invention will merge the research achievement of macroscopical space-time analysis method and microcosmic two kinds of novel methods of space-time analysis method, with when
The cavitation traffic capacity be medium, establish it is a kind of based on traffic congestion rate calculate with the side of the traffic capacity of traffic unit quantitative measure
Method, it is shown that steps are as follows:
Step 1, selects inspection surface, and setting M/M/s waits traffic queues' system processed；
The cross section in a selected single direction of road is as inspection surface, and number of track-lines s, transit time is unrestricted, and waits
Position long enough.Using the probability theory method of traffic flow theory, it is assumed that the average arrival rate of traffic unit is λ, average service rate
The Poisson process that parameter is λ is obeyed for the arrival of μ, and traffic unit, it is μ's that the service time of each traffic unit, which obeys parameter,
Quantum condition entropy, as it is assumed that the holding fix of this system can be infinity, then the model of the system is that M/M/s waits system
Queuing system.
Step 2, using equations in space and time, is calculated according to traffic congestion rate with the current energy of the traffic of space-time approach metering
Power；
The fluctuation range of traffic congestion rate is between 0 and 1, in macroscopical space-time analysis method, description traffic congestion and cavitation friendship
Shown in the equations in space and time such as formula (1) of the relativeness of logical capacity a,
(1)
Wherein, (s a) indicates that the probability (i.e. time delays rate or congestion ratio) that traffic unit needs to wait, s indicate channel to C
Number, a indicate cavitation traffic road portfolio, p0Indicate there is no the probability of traffic unit in queuing system.
In macroscopical space-time analysis method, shown in the calculation formula such as formula (2) of cavitation traffic density ρ,
(2)
In formula, the cavitation traffic density of ρ, s indicates that port number, a indicate cavitation traffic road portfolio.
Step 3 obtains the average speed v on inspection surface, and observation device acquisition can be used, can also be close using space-time
The functional relation for spending ρ and traffic unit speed obtains；
Average speed v is obtained using observation device, method is simple, direct.Based on the space-time density p and traffic for handing over channel cross-section
Mathematical model between the average speed v of unit, there is presently no researchs.But the mathematics about the speed of traffic flow and density
Model research is relatively more, and there are mainly two types of models, i.e. Statistic analysis models and theory deduction model, can select as needed.
In Statistic analysis models, nineteen fifty-nine, Greenberg proposes the logarithm of the speed-density when density is very big
Model；Underwood in 1961 proposes the exponential model when density very little；The in summary two kinds of models of Edie in 1961
Feature proposes Segment Index model；Nineteen sixty-five, Drew propose the model of one group of differential form；Later, some scholars pass through
Unistage type model is combined, the speed flow models of multisection type are proposed.
In theory deduction model, nineteen fifty-five, British scholar Lighthill and Whitham propose traffic flow dynamic model；
1967, May derived occupation rate-rate pattern according to microcosmic car-following model；2005, bear big powers passed through to mixed traffic
The feature formula of hydromechanics model is integrated, and the kinetic model of mixed traffic flow is proposed；2006, Yang Yongqin et al. existed
On the basis of wagon flow is with theory of speeding, speed flow models stage by stage are proposed.
Step 4 is obtained using the sub- equations in space and time of capacity of microcosmic space-time analysis method in conjunction with the driving behavior of traffic unit
The size of the sub- c of the climate resourcee of traffic unit；By taking traffic unit is along lane normally travel as an example, traffic unit passes through traffic road
The climate resourcee c occupied when cross section, as shown in formula (3)
(3)
Wherein, t0 As shown in formula (4),
(4)
Wherein, T is that driver safety reacts duration, and chronomere commonly uses the second to indicate；
L0For the sum of vehicle length and safe distance.
Step 5 obtains the situation certain in congestion ratio with the climate resourcee a in traffic road divided by the sub- c of traffic unit capacity
Under, it hands on channel cross-section with the size of the traffic capacity of traffic unit quantitative measure,
Using formula (1), the climate resourcee a(i.e. channel service amount that channel cross-section is handed under certain congestion condition can be obtained), in conjunction with
Formula (3) and (4) can get in 1 hour, with traffic road quantity of service come the traffic road traffic capacity C that expressesn, such as formula (5)
It is shown,
(5)
When formula (5) calculates, the unification of chronomere is paid attention to, if formula (5) is converted into formula (6) to divide hour to calculate,
I.e.
(6)
In this way, traffic road has successfully been obtained with the mode of deduction based on macroscopical space-time analysis method and microcosmic space-time analysis method
The traffic capacity with traffic unit quantitative measure.
Technical application
Step 1, setting M/M/s wait traffic queues' system processed, select the cross section in a single direction of road, number of track-lines s etc.
In 2, transit time is unrestricted, and holding fix long enough；
Step 2 can be obtained, the numerical value of cavitation traffic capacity a, such as formula (7) if average congestion ratio is 30% by formula (1)
It is shown
(7),
It can be obtained by formula (2), shown in the numerical value such as formula (8) of cavitation traffic density ρ,
(8)；
Step 3 obtains average speed v using the functional relation of space-time density p and traffic unit speed, calculates to be easy, false
If being equal to 40km/h using the average speed v that observation device obtains;
Step 4, if average vehicle commander is 6 meters, safe spacing is 2 meters, and when driver's average response is 1 second a length of, and average speed is
40000 ms/h, the minimum duration t that vehicle safety passes through cross section can be obtained by formula (4)0, as shown in formula (9)
(9)
If vehicle is along lane normally travel on road cross section, by t0Numerical value substitutes into formula (), can obtain appearance of vehicle amount
The size of sub- c, as shown in formula (10)
(10)
Step 5 obtains in 1 hour using formula (6) with the climate resourcee a in traffic road divided by the sub- c of traffic unit capacity,
Congestion ratio is 30%, in the case that average speed is 40 km/h, is handed on channel cross-section with the passage of traffic unit quantitative measure
Ability CnSize, as shown in formula (11),
(11)。
Claims (1)
1. the present invention research using deduct mode, establish it is a kind of based on congestion ratio obtain with traffic unit quantitative measure
The calculation method of traffic capacity characterized by comprising
Step 1, selects inspection surface, and setting M/M/s waits traffic queues' system processed；
The cross section in a selected single direction of road is as inspection surface, and number of track-lines s, transit time is unrestricted, and waits
Position long enough, using the probability theory method of traffic flow theory, it is assumed that the average arrival rate of traffic unit is λ, average service rate
The Poisson process that parameter is λ is obeyed for the arrival of μ, and traffic unit, it is μ's that the service time of each traffic unit, which obeys parameter,
Quantum condition entropy, as it is assumed that the holding fix of this system can be infinity, then the model of the system is that M/M/s waits system
Queuing system；
Step 2, using equations in space and time, calculates the traffic capacity measured with space-time approach according to traffic congestion rate；
The fluctuation range of traffic congestion rate is between 0 and 1, referenced patent application " a kind of research traffic congestion and traffic capacity phase
To the space-time analysis method of qualitative change " (application No. is 201811172485.7), description traffic congestion and cavitation traffic capacity a
Relativeness equations in space and time such as formula (1) shown in,
(1)
Wherein, (s a) indicates that the probability (i.e. time delays rate or congestion ratio) that traffic unit needs to wait, s indicate channel to C
Number, a indicate cavitation traffic road portfolio, p0Indicate there is no the probability of traffic unit in queuing system；
Patent application " a kind of space-time analysis method of opposite with the traffic capacity qualitative change of research traffic congestion " (application No. is
201811172485.7) in, shown in the calculation formula such as formula (2) of cavitation traffic density ρ,
(2)
In formula, the cavitation traffic density of ρ, s indicates that port number, a indicate cavitation traffic road portfolio；
Step 3, obtain inspection surface on average speed v, can be used observation device acquisition, can also using space-time density p with
The functional relation of traffic unit speed obtains；
Average speed v is obtained using observation device, method is simple, direct, based on the space-time density p and traffic for handing over channel cross-section
Mathematical model between the average speed v of unit, there is presently no researchs, but the mathematics about the speed of traffic flow and density
Model research is relatively more, and there are mainly two types of models, i.e. Statistic analysis models and theory deduction model, can select as needed；
Step 4, using the patent application space-time analysis method of microscopic traffic flow " a kind of study " (application No. is
201811200716.0) the sub- equations in space and time of the climate resourcee of traffic unit obtains traffic in conjunction with the driving behavior of traffic unit in
The size of the sub- c of the climate resourcee of unit；By taking traffic unit is along lane normally travel as an example, traffic unit is by handing over passage cross sectional
The climate resourcee c occupied when face, as shown in formula (3)
(3)
Wherein, t0 As shown in formula (4),
(4)
Wherein, T is that driver safety reacts duration, and chronomere commonly uses the second to indicate；
L0For the sum of vehicle length and safe distance；
Step 5 obtains the feelings certain in congestion ratio with the climate resourcee a in traffic road divided by the sub- c of climate resourcee of traffic unit
Under condition, hand on channel cross-section with the size of the traffic capacity of traffic unit quantitative measure,
Using formula (1), the climate resourcee a(i.e. channel service amount that channel cross-section is handed under certain congestion condition can be obtained), in conjunction with
Formula (3) and (4) can get in 1 hour, with traffic road quantity of service come the traffic road traffic capacity C that expressesn, such as formula (5)
It is shown,
(5)
When formula (5) calculates, the unification of chronomere is paid attention to, if formula (5) is converted into formula (6) to divide hour to calculate,
I.e.
(6)
In this way, based on a kind of patent application " space-time analysis method for studying traffic congestion qualitative change opposite with the traffic capacity " (Shen
Please number for 201811172485.7) and the patent application space-time analysis method of microscopic traffic flow " a kind of study " (application No. is
201811200716.0), with the mode of deduction, the passage energy with traffic unit quantitative measure in traffic road has successfully been obtained
Power.
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| CN105632177A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-01 | 浙江大学 | Dynamic traffic demand-oriented intersection operation efficiency change rate calculating method |
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| CN109147332A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-04 | 林夏珊 | A kind of space-time analysis method for studying microscopic traffic flow |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105632177A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-01 | 浙江大学 | Dynamic traffic demand-oriented intersection operation efficiency change rate calculating method |
| US20180198726A1 (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-12 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | QoS MANAGEMENT FOR MULTI-USER AND SINGLE USER EDCA TRANSMISSION MODE IN WIRELESS NETWORKS |
| CN109147332A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-04 | 林夏珊 | A kind of space-time analysis method for studying microscopic traffic flow |
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