CN109800446B - Method and device for estimating voltage inconsistency in discharging process of lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Method and device for estimating voltage inconsistency in discharging process of lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for estimating voltage inconsistency in a discharging process of a lithium ion battery, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a probability distribution cloud picture of the change of the battery discharge voltage along with the capacity before battery grouping; solving a first derivative and a second derivative of voltage to capacity for the probability distribution cloud picture; and acquiring the variation rule of the discreteness and the symmetry of the voltage distribution of the single battery along with the discharging process according to the first derivative and the second derivative. The invention can estimate the voltage discrete change process and the voltage symmetry change process, and the estimation result can effectively guide the establishment of a battery pack state estimation algorithm, ensure that each single battery in the battery pack is in a monitoring range, and avoid monitoring dead angles. The invention adopts a numerical value derivation method to obtain the first derivative and the second derivative of the voltage with respect to the capacity, and directly obtains the voltage discreteness and the symmetry, thereby effectively replacing a complex statistical method and realizing the efficient prediction of the discharge voltage inconsistency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a method and a device for estimating voltage inconsistency in a discharging process of a lithium ion battery.
Background
In order to meet the requirements of high-energy and high-power vehicles, the lithium ion batteries need to be connected in series and parallel in groups to be used for getting on the vehicles. However, the battery pack performance is lower than that of the unit batteries due to the difference in performance between the unit batteries, which not only affects the detection accuracy of the BMS, but also shortens the life of the battery pack or causes safety problems. The problem of inconsistency after the battery cells are grouped is unavoidable and only aggravated with the cycling process. The most important manifestation of inconsistencies between cells in a battery pack is voltage and capacity inconsistencies, which directly affect the accuracy of the BMS system to battery state estimation; and the working loads of different batteries are different, so that the service life inconsistency of the batteries is directly influenced. Therefore, a full understanding of the evolution process of the cell voltage inconsistency law and the reasons behind it are key to alleviating the battery pack inconsistency problem and the battery pack state estimation and life prediction problems caused by the inconsistency.
The current state estimation methods of SOC and SOH of the battery pack are based on the battery with the maximum capacity and the minimum capacity, and the state estimation model of the single battery is directly converted into the estimation model of the battery pack. The battery state can be accurately estimated in a short period in the mode, but the actual working condition information of each battery cannot be captured, and the future state of each battery cannot be predicted.
The method completely depends on a mathematical method driven by data, and can ensure the accuracy of a battery simulation result in the initial stage of battery use, but the method can predict the residual life of the battery only after fully learning data of a researched battery pack, and the learned parameters cannot be popularized to other batteries, namely the method has no universality. This ignored inconsistency information will become an uncontrollable factor, and the inconsistency evolutionary path of the battery pack will deviate from the expected value in future operation, and the accuracy of the original state estimation method will not be applicable. However, the monitoring of the battery pack by the actual BMS selects only two batteries having the largest and smallest attention capacities in order to reduce the calculation amount, and thus detailed information of the inconsistency of the battery parameters will not be obtained.
In the actual production and battery grouping stage, the inconsistency of the batteries is reduced by screening the capacity and the internal resistance of the batteries, and the difference between the single batteries after grouping can be reduced to a certain extent. The selection of the parameters can only ensure the consistency of static parameters of the battery, but cannot ensure the consistency of charge and discharge processes, namely the inconsistency of voltages. However, the inconsistency of the voltages, although being alleviated by the balancing module of the BMS, cannot be completely eliminated, and the inconsistency between the batteries is gradually exacerbated as the battery performance is attenuated. Thus, solutions to the problem of battery inconsistency need not only be maximally excluded, but also need accurate monitoring and prediction.
Currently, both the method for monitoring the state of a battery pack and the research on the inconsistency problem of a group of batteries are relatively independent. The problem of cell inconsistency caused by the production process can be alleviated to a certain extent by a screening method, but the problem of cell inconsistency after grouping still lacks comprehensive knowledge. The long-term detection precision and working condition control of the battery pack are affected, so that individual batteries become monitoring dead angles in the battery pack and cannot work under normal working conditions, and accelerated aging or safety problems are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method and a device for estimating the voltage inconsistency in the discharging process of a lithium ion battery.
Specifically, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for estimating voltage inconsistency in a discharge process of a lithium ion battery, including:
acquiring a probability distribution cloud picture of the change of the battery discharge voltage along with the capacity before battery grouping;
obtaining a first derivative and a second derivative of voltage to capacity from the probability distribution cloud picture;
and acquiring a change rule of the voltage discreteness of the battery pack along with the discharge according to the first derivative, and acquiring a change rule of the voltage symmetry of different single batteries along with the discharge according to the second derivative.
Further, the method further comprises:
carrying out statistical analysis on the probability distribution cloud picture by using a three-parameter Weibull probability model to obtain the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharging process of the battery, and obtaining the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the battery pack along with the discharging and the variation rule of the symmetry along with the discharging according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharging process of the battery;
verifying the variation law of the voltage dispersion of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge by utilizing the variation law of the voltage dispersion of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge, and judging whether the variation law of the voltage dispersion of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation law of the voltage dispersion of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of three parameters along with the discharge process of the batteries;
and verifying the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge by utilizing the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge, and judging whether the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge is consistent with or similar to the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of three parameters along with the discharge process of the batteries.
Further, the method further comprises:
if the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery, the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the battery pack along with the discharge is obtained according to the first derivative, otherwise, whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency except the capacity exist or not is judged according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery;
if the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery, the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries along with the discharge is obtained according to the second derivative, otherwise, whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency except the capacity exist is judged according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery.
Further, the method further comprises:
if the variation rule of the voltage dispersion of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage dispersion of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery in a specified discharge time period, obtaining the variation rule of the voltage dispersion of the battery pack along with the discharge according to the first derivative in the specified discharge time period, and judging whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency exist except the capacity according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery in a non-specified discharge time period;
If the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery in the appointed discharge time period, the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries along with the discharge is obtained according to the second derivative in the appointed discharge time period, and the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries along with the discharge is obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery in the non-appointed discharge time period.
In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a device for estimating voltage inconsistency in a discharging process of a lithium ion battery, including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a probability distribution cloud picture of the discharge voltage of the batteries before the batteries are grouped along with the change of the capacity;
the calculation module is used for calculating a first derivative and a second derivative of voltage to capacity for the probability distribution cloud picture;
the first estimation module is used for obtaining the change rule of the voltage discreteness of the battery pack along with the discharge according to the first derivative and obtaining the change rule of the voltage symmetry of different single batteries along with the discharge according to the second derivative.
Further, the apparatus further comprises:
the second estimation module is used for carrying out statistical analysis on the probability distribution cloud image by using a Weibull probability model, obtaining the variation trend of three parameters along with the discharging process of the battery, and obtaining the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the battery along with the discharging and the variation rule of the symmetry along with the discharging according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharging process of the battery;
the verification module is used for verifying the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge by utilizing the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge, and judging whether the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge is consistent with or similar to the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of three parameters along with the discharge process of the batteries;
and verifying the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge by utilizing the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge, and judging whether the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge is consistent with or similar to the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of three parameters along with the discharge process of the batteries.
Further, the apparatus further comprises:
the first selection module is used for obtaining the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries along with the discharge according to the first derivative, and obtaining the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries along with the discharge according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery, if the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries along with the discharge process of the battery according to the first derivative, otherwise, the variation trend of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries along with the discharge process of the battery according to the three parameters is similar to the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries along with the discharge process of the battery;
if the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery, the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries along with the discharge is obtained according to the second derivative, otherwise, whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency except the capacity exist is judged according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery.
Further, the apparatus further comprises:
the second selection module is used for judging whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency exist except the capacity according to the first derivative in the appointed discharging time period if the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries acquired according to the first derivative along with the discharging is consistent with or similar to the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries acquired according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharging process of the battery along with the discharging in the appointed discharging time period, and judging whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency exist except the capacity according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharging process of the battery in the non-appointed discharging time period;
If the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery in the appointed discharge time period, the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries along with the discharge is obtained according to the second derivative in the appointed discharge time period, and the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries along with the discharge is obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery in the non-appointed discharge time period.
In a third aspect, the present invention also provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of the method for estimating voltage inconsistency in a discharge process of a lithium ion battery according to the first aspect when executing the program.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the lithium ion battery discharge process voltage inconsistency estimation method of the first aspect.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the method for estimating the voltage inconsistency in the discharging process of the lithium ion battery provided by the present invention includes: acquiring a probability distribution cloud picture of the change of the battery discharge voltage along with the capacity before battery grouping; obtaining a first derivative and a second derivative of voltage to capacity from the probability distribution cloud picture; and acquiring the change rule of the voltage discreteness of different single batteries along with the discharge according to the first derivative, and acquiring the change rule of the voltage symmetry of different single batteries along with the discharge according to the second derivative. Compared with the traditional inconsistency estimation method, the method can estimate the discrete change process of the voltage. The method can also estimate the symmetry change process of the voltage, takes the estimation result as one of the performance indexes of the battery pack, can effectively guide the establishment of a battery pack state estimation algorithm, ensures that each single battery in the battery pack is in a monitoring range, and avoids monitoring dead angles. In addition, the invention adopts a numerical value derivation method to obtain the first derivative and the second derivative of the voltage with respect to the capacity, and further directly obtains the voltage discreteness and the symmetry, thereby effectively replacing a complex statistical processing method, reducing the sampling cost and the testing period of the battery and realizing the efficient prediction of the discharge voltage inconsistency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for estimating voltage inconsistency in a discharging process of a lithium ion battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cloud of simulated battery voltage probability distributions provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cloud of simulated battery voltage probability distribution (X-Y axis view) provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cloud of simulated battery voltage probability distribution (X-Z axis view) provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graphical illustration of Weibull probability model parameters, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a numerical derivative a' and statistical estimate a provided by an embodiment of the present invention Weibull A curve comparison schematic diagram;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the present inventionNumerical derivative b' and statistical estimate b provided by an embodiment Weibull A curve comparison schematic diagram;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for estimating voltage inconsistency during discharging of a lithium ion battery according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for estimating voltage inconsistency in a discharging process of a lithium ion battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the method for estimating voltage inconsistency in a discharging process of a lithium ion battery according to the present embodiment includes:
step 101: and acquiring a probability distribution cloud picture of the change of the battery discharge voltage along with the capacity before battery grouping.
Step 102: and obtaining a first derivative and a second derivative of the voltage with respect to the capacity from the probability distribution cloud graph.
Step 103: and acquiring a change rule of the voltage discreteness of the battery pack along with the discharge according to the first derivative, and acquiring a change rule of the voltage symmetry of different single batteries along with the discharge according to the second derivative.
In this embodiment, a numerical derivation method is adopted to analyze the cause of the formation of the variation trend of the voltage inconsistency, and since the voltage discreteness is highly related to the first derivative of the discharge voltage with respect to the capacity, the voltage symmetry is related to the second derivative of the discharge voltage with respect to the capacity. Therefore, the embodiment fully utilizes the characteristic, and the discharge voltage inconsistency change process caused by the capacity inconsistency is directly obtained by deriving the voltage capacity curve, so that the prediction of the change rule of the voltage distribution in the battery discharge process is realized.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the method for estimating voltage inconsistency in a discharging process of a lithium ion battery according to the present embodiment includes: acquiring a probability distribution cloud picture of the change of the battery discharge voltage along with the capacity before battery grouping; obtaining a first derivative and a second derivative of voltage to capacity from the probability distribution cloud picture; and acquiring a change rule of the voltage discreteness of the battery pack along with the discharge according to the first derivative, and acquiring a change rule of the voltage symmetry of different single batteries along with the discharge according to the second derivative. Compared with the traditional inconsistent estimation method, the method can estimate the discrete change process of the voltage and the symmetrical change process of the voltage, takes the estimation result as one of the performance indexes of the battery pack, can effectively guide the establishment of a battery pack state estimation algorithm, ensures that each single battery in the battery pack is in a monitoring range, and avoids monitoring dead angles. In addition, the embodiment adopts a numerical value derivation method to obtain the first derivative and the second derivative of the voltage with respect to the capacity, and further directly obtains the voltage discreteness and the symmetry, thereby effectively replacing a complex statistical processing method, reducing the sampling cost and the testing period of the battery, and realizing the rapid prediction of the discharge voltage inconsistency.
Based on the foregoing embodiment, in an optional implementation manner, the method further includes:
carrying out statistical analysis on the probability distribution cloud image by using a Weibull probability model to obtain the variation trend of three parameters along with the discharging process of the battery, and obtaining the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the battery pack along with the discharging and the variation rule of symmetry along with the discharging according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharging process of the battery;
verifying the variation law of the voltage dispersion of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge by utilizing the variation law of the voltage dispersion of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge, and judging whether the variation law of the voltage dispersion of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation law of the voltage dispersion of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of three parameters along with the discharge process of the batteries;
and verifying the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge by utilizing the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge, and judging whether the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge is consistent with or similar to the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of three parameters along with the discharge process of the batteries.
In this embodiment, in order to improve the cognition of the battery pack detection algorithm to the inconsistency problem, ensure the long-term accuracy of the battery pack state estimation and life prediction algorithm, and simultaneously meet the working environment of each battery with health as much as possible, perform statistical analysis on the discharge behavior of the batteries before grouping, reliably describe the change rule of the battery voltage inconsistency along with the discharge process by using a three-parameter Weibull statistical method, clearly know the change process of the voltage discreteness and symmetry along with the discharge, and compared with the traditional inconsistency estimation method, the processing mode not only can estimate the change process of the voltage discreteness, but also can estimate the change process of the voltage symmetry. The statistical result is used as one of the performance indexes of the battery pack, so that the establishment of a battery pack state estimation algorithm can be effectively guided, each single battery in the battery pack is ensured to be in a monitoring range, and monitoring dead angles are avoided.
In addition, the reliability of the description result obtained by the three-parameter Weibull statistical method is higher, so that the description result obtained by the three-parameter Weibull statistical method is verified according to the change rule of the voltage discreteness of different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge and the change rule of the voltage symmetry of different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge, so as to confirm whether the change rule of the voltage discreteness of different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge and the change rule of the voltage symmetry of different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge are reasonable or effective.
Based on the foregoing embodiment, in an optional implementation manner, the method further includes:
if the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery, the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the battery pack along with the discharge is obtained according to the first derivative, otherwise, whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency except the capacity exist or not is judged according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery;
if the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery, the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries along with the discharge is obtained according to the second derivative, otherwise, whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency except the capacity exist is judged according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery.
In this embodiment, if the variation rule of the voltage dispersion of the different unit cells obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge is identical or similar to the variation rule of the voltage dispersion of the different unit cells obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery, it is explained that the variation rule of the voltage dispersion of the different unit cells obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge is reasonable or effective, and because the variation rule of the voltage dispersion of the battery pack along with the discharge is obtained according to the first derivative, the battery sampling cost and the test period can be reduced, so that the variation rule of the voltage dispersion of the battery pack along with the discharge can be obtained according to the first derivative, otherwise, in order to ensure the accuracy and the referenceability of the estimation result, it is preferable to obtain the variation rule of the voltage dispersion of the battery pack along with the discharge process of the battery according to the variation trend of the three parameters, and judge whether other factors affecting the voltage inconsistency except the capacity exist. In addition, the estimation method of the voltage symmetry with the change rule of the discharge is the same, and is not repeated here.
Based on the foregoing embodiment, in an optional implementation manner, the method further includes:
if the variation rule of the voltage dispersion of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage dispersion of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery in a specified discharge time period, obtaining the variation rule of the voltage dispersion of the battery pack along with the discharge according to the first derivative in the specified discharge time period, and judging whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency exist except the capacity according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery in a non-specified discharge time period;
if the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery in the appointed discharge time period, the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries along with the discharge is obtained according to the second derivative in the appointed discharge time period, and the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries along with the discharge is obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery in the non-appointed discharge time period.
In this embodiment, if the variation rule of the voltage dispersion of the different unit cells obtained according to the first derivative with the discharge is not completely consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage dispersion of the different unit cells obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters with the discharge process of the battery, but is consistent or similar in a specified discharge time period (such as the later stage of discharge) (the consistency or similarity here refers to the similarity is greater than a preset standard, such as the similarity is greater than or equal to 80%), it is illustrated that the variation rule of the voltage dispersion of the different unit cells obtained according to the first derivative with the discharge in the specified discharge time period is reasonable or effective, and because the variation rule of the voltage dispersion of the different unit cells obtained according to the first derivative with the discharge is relatively simple and convenient to judge whether other factors affecting the voltage dispersion except the capacity exist according to the variation rule of the first derivative, the sampling cost and the test period of the battery can be reduced, and the variation of the voltage dispersion of the different unit cells with the discharge can be obtained according to the first derivative with the discharge in the specified discharge time period (such as the later stage of discharge), and whether the variation rule of the voltage dispersion of the different unit cells with the discharge along with the discharge in the specified discharge time period is not the specified discharge time period is guaranteed, and whether the variation of the voltage dispersion of the different factors affecting the discharge along with the discharge rule of the three parameters with the discharge rule is estimated accurately is judged. In addition, the estimation method of the voltage symmetry with the change rule of the discharge is the same, and is not repeated here.
The method for estimating the voltage inconsistency in the discharging process of the battery according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first step: probability distribution of voltage curve. The probability distribution of discharge voltage of 100 batteries is changed along with discharge capacity to be made into a 4-dimensional image, and as shown in fig. 2-4, four dimensions are respectively: the x-axis: discharge capacity; normalizing the voltage on the y axis; the z axis: a voltage; color axis: probability of distribution.
And a second step of: statistical analysis of voltage inconsistencies.
Weibull probability model Probability Density Function (PDF) is shown in equation one below:
the function is determined by three parameters, wherein a is a size parameter, b is a shape parameter and c is a position parameter;
three-parameter Weibull statistical analysis is carried out on discharge voltage curves of 100 batteries, and the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process is shown in figure 5.
And a third step of: numerical derivation of voltage non-uniformity
Voltage-capacity curve according to biv=v (SOC) and three
The relationship between capacity and SOC derives the behavior change rule of the battery inconsistency. And respectively solving a first derivative and a second derivative of the voltage-capacity curve with respect to the capacity to obtain a change rule of the voltage dispersion and the voltage symmetry caused by the capacity. Wherein C represents the discharge capacity of the battery, C t Representing battery capacity, and SOC representing battery state of charge; SOC (C) t C) represents the state of charge of the battery as a function of the capacity and the amount of discharged electricity.
The relationship between battery voltage dispersion and capacity dispersion is as follows:
the relationship between the battery voltage symmetry and the discharge capacity is as follows:
and setting the formula IV and the formula V as a 'and b', and comparing the calculated result of the formula IV and the formula V with the statistical result, as shown in fig. 6 and 7.
The value a 'and the value b' obtained by deriving the values of the voltage curve are used for analyzing the influence of the discreteness and the concave-convex property of the voltage curve on the voltage distribution. Wherein, the calculated result shows better similarity with the trend of the a value and the b value of the Weibull probability model, and the a' value and the a value are as follows Weibull The value curve trend is highly consistent, and the values of the discharge later period are also highly consistent, so a' can be used for the dispersion prediction of the discharge later period voltage dispersion. b' and b Weibull The trend is very similar, but due to the difference of orders of magnitude between the calculation results of the two methods, b cannot be directly estimated from the value of b' directly Weibull Thus, the value of b 'can be determined by the convexity of the sign of the b' value, for b Weibull Qualitative speculation is performed.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for estimating voltage inconsistency during discharging of a lithium ion battery according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, the apparatus for estimating voltage inconsistency in a discharging process of a lithium ion battery according to the present embodiment includes: an acquisition module 21, a calculation module 22 and a first estimation module 23, wherein:
The acquisition module 21 is used for acquiring a probability distribution cloud image of the change of the discharge voltage of the batteries before the batteries are grouped along with the capacity;
a calculation module 22 for taking a first derivative and a second derivative of the probability distribution cloud image with respect to the voltage versus the capacity;
the first estimation module 23 is configured to obtain a variation rule of the battery voltage discreteness along with the discharge according to the first derivative, and obtain a variation rule of the voltage symmetry of different single batteries along with the discharge according to the second derivative.
Based on the foregoing embodiment, in an alternative implementation manner, the apparatus further includes:
the second estimation module is used for carrying out statistical analysis on the probability distribution cloud image by using a Weibull probability model, obtaining the variation trend of three parameters along with the discharging process of the battery, and obtaining the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the battery along with the discharging and the variation rule of the symmetry along with the discharging according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharging process of the battery;
the verification module is used for verifying the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge by utilizing the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge, and judging whether the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge is consistent with or similar to the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of three parameters along with the discharge process of the batteries;
And verifying the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge by utilizing the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge, and judging whether the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge is consistent with or similar to the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of three parameters along with the discharge process of the batteries.
Based on the foregoing embodiment, in an alternative implementation manner, the apparatus further includes:
the first selection module is used for acquiring the change rule of the voltage discreteness of the battery pack along with the discharge according to the first derivative if the change rule of the voltage discreteness of different single batteries along with the discharge acquired according to the first derivative is consistent or similar to the change rule of the voltage discreteness of different single batteries along with the discharge acquired according to the change trend of three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery, otherwise judging whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency exist except the capacity according to the change trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery;
and if the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery, obtaining the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries along with the discharge according to the second derivative, otherwise, obtaining the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries along with the discharge according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery.
Based on the foregoing embodiment, in an alternative implementation manner, the apparatus further includes:
the second selection module is used for judging whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency exist except the capacity according to the change trend of the three parameters along with the battery discharging process in the appointed discharging time period if the change rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries along with the discharging obtained according to the first derivative is consistent or similar to the change rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries along with the discharging obtained according to the change trend of the three parameters along with the battery discharging process in the appointed discharging time period;
if the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery in the appointed discharge time period, the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries along with the discharge is obtained according to the second derivative in the appointed discharge time period, and the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries along with the discharge is obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery in the non-appointed discharge time period.
Since the device for estimating the voltage inconsistency in the discharging process of the lithium ion battery according to the present embodiment may be used to perform the method for estimating the voltage inconsistency in the discharging process of the lithium ion battery according to the foregoing embodiment, the working principle and the beneficial effects thereof are similar, so that details thereof will not be described herein, and reference will be made to the description of the foregoing embodiments.
Fig. 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to a further embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 9, the electronic device provided in this embodiment specifically includes the following: a processor 601, a memory 602, a communication interface 603, and a bus 604;
wherein the processor 601, the memory 602, and the communication interface 603 complete communication with each other through the bus 604; the communication interface 603 is used for implementing information transmission between related devices such as modeling software and an intelligent manufacturing equipment module library;
the processor 601 is configured to invoke a computer program in the memory 602, where the processor executes the computer program to implement all the steps in the first embodiment, for example, the processor executes the computer program to implement the following steps:
step 101: and acquiring a probability distribution cloud picture of the change of the battery discharge voltage along with the capacity before battery grouping.
Step 102: and obtaining a first derivative and a second derivative of the voltage with respect to the capacity from the probability distribution cloud graph.
Step 103: and obtaining the change rule of symmetry along with discharge according to the first derivative and the second derivative.
Further, the logic instructions in the memory described above may be implemented in the form of software functional units and stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
Based on the same inventive concept, a further embodiment of the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, realizes all the steps of the above embodiment, for example, the processor realizes the following steps when executing the computer program:
step 101: and acquiring a probability distribution cloud picture of the change of the battery discharge voltage along with the capacity before battery grouping.
Step 102: and obtaining a first derivative and a second derivative of the voltage with respect to the capacity from the probability distribution cloud graph.
Step 103: and acquiring a change rule of the voltage discreteness of the battery pack along with the discharge according to the first derivative, and acquiring a change rule of the voltage symmetry of different single batteries along with the discharge according to the second derivative.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
It should be noted that the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platforms, or of course may be implemented by means of hardware. Based on this understanding, the foregoing technical solution may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the respective embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for estimating the voltage inconsistency in the discharging process of the lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring a probability distribution cloud picture of the change of the battery discharge voltage along with the capacity before battery grouping;
obtaining a first derivative and a second derivative of voltage to capacity from the probability distribution cloud picture;
and acquiring the change rule of the voltage distribution discreteness of different single batteries along with the discharge according to the first derivative, and acquiring the change rule of the voltage symmetry of different single batteries along with the discharge according to the second derivative.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
carrying out statistical analysis on the probability distribution cloud image by using a Weibull probability model to obtain the variation trend of three parameters along with the discharging process of the battery, and judging whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency and the variation rule of symmetry along with the discharging exist except the capacity according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharging process of the battery;
Verifying the variation law of the voltage dispersion of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge by utilizing the variation law of the voltage dispersion of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge, and judging whether the variation law of the voltage dispersion of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation law of the voltage dispersion of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of three parameters along with the discharge process of the batteries;
and verifying the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge by utilizing the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge, and judging whether the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge is consistent with or similar to the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of three parameters along with the discharge process of the batteries.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the method further comprises:
if the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery, the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries along with the discharge is obtained according to the first derivative, otherwise, whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency exist or not is judged according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery;
If the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery, the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries along with the discharge is obtained according to the second derivative, otherwise, whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency exist or not is judged according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the method further comprises:
if the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery in a designated discharge time period, obtaining the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the battery pack along with the discharge according to the first derivative in the designated discharge time period, and judging whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency exist except the capacity according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery in the non-designated discharge time period;
If the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery in the appointed discharge time period, the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries along with the discharge is obtained according to the second derivative in the appointed discharge time period, and the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries along with the discharge is obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery in the non-appointed discharge time period.
5. A lithium ion battery discharge process voltage inconsistency estimation device, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a probability distribution cloud picture of the discharge voltage of the batteries before the batteries are grouped along with the change of the capacity;
the calculation module is used for calculating a first derivative and a second derivative of voltage to capacity for the probability distribution cloud picture;
the first estimation module is used for judging whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency exist except the capacity according to the first derivative, and acquiring the change rule of the voltage symmetry of different single batteries along with the discharge according to the second derivative.
6. The apparatus as recited in claim 5, further comprising:
the second estimation module is used for carrying out statistical analysis on the probability distribution cloud image by using a Weibull probability model, obtaining the variation trend of three parameters along with the discharging process of the battery, and judging whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency and the variation rule of symmetry along with the discharging exist except the capacity according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharging process of the battery;
the verification module is used for verifying the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge by utilizing the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge, and judging whether the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the first derivative along with the discharge is consistent with or similar to the variation rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of three parameters along with the discharge process of the batteries;
and verifying the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge by utilizing the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge, and judging whether the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge is consistent with or similar to the variation law of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of three parameters along with the discharge process of the batteries.
7. The apparatus as recited in claim 6, further comprising:
the first selection module is used for acquiring the change rule of the voltage discreteness of the battery pack along with the discharge according to the first derivative if the change rule of the voltage discreteness of different single batteries along with the discharge acquired according to the first derivative is consistent or similar to the change rule of the voltage discreteness of different single batteries along with the discharge acquired according to the change trend of three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery, otherwise judging whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency exist except the capacity according to the change trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery;
if the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery, the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries along with the discharge is obtained according to the second derivative, otherwise, whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency exist or not is judged according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery.
8. The apparatus as recited in claim 6, further comprising:
The second selection module is used for judging whether other factors influencing the voltage inconsistency exist except the capacity according to the change trend of the three parameters along with the battery discharging process in the appointed discharging time period if the change rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries along with the discharging obtained according to the first derivative is consistent or similar to the change rule of the voltage discreteness of the different single batteries along with the discharging obtained according to the change trend of the three parameters along with the battery discharging process in the appointed discharging time period;
if the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the second derivative along with the discharge is consistent or similar to the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery in the appointed discharge time period, the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries along with the discharge is obtained according to the second derivative in the appointed discharge time period, and the variation rule of the voltage symmetry of the different single batteries along with the discharge is obtained according to the variation trend of the three parameters along with the discharge process of the battery in the non-appointed discharge time period.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor performs the steps of the method for estimating the voltage inconsistency of a discharge process of a lithium ion battery of any of claims 1 through 4.
10. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the lithium ion battery discharge process voltage inconsistency estimation method of any of claims 1 to 4.
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