CN109799779B - Wire cutting machine control method and device based on golden cutting numerical control system - Google Patents
Wire cutting machine control method and device based on golden cutting numerical control system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a wire cutting machine control method and device based on a golden cut numerical control system and a computer storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining one of a first processing track on the first surface and a second processing track on the second surface of the workpiece as an arc track; dividing the first processing track and the second processing track respectively to obtain a first group of continuous straight-line segments with a preset number corresponding to the first processing track and a second group of continuous straight-line segments with the preset number corresponding to the second processing track; sequentially and simultaneously interpolating straight-line segments at the same arrangement position in the first group of continuous straight-line segments and the second group of continuous straight-line segments in the respective machining directions of the first machining track and the second machining track; and processing the workpiece by an electrode wire of the wire cutting machine. The method of the invention enables the metal cutting numerical control system to be directly used for processing the wire-cutting special-shaped surface, and improves the universality of the equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machining, in particular to a wire cutting machine control method and device based on a metal cutting numerical control system, wire cutting machine control equipment and a storage medium.
Background
The basic working principle of wire cutting machines (also called wire electric discharge machines) is to use a continuously moving thin metal wire (called wire electrode) as an electrode to perform pulse spark discharge to remove metal from a workpiece and perform cutting and forming. The method is mainly used for processing various workpieces with complex and precise shapes, such as a punch, a die, a punch-die, a fixed plate, a stripper plate and the like of a blanking die, a forming tool, a sample plate, a metal electrode for electric spark forming processing, various micro-fine holes, narrow slits, arbitrary curves and the like, has the outstanding advantages of small processing allowance, high processing precision, short production period, low manufacturing cost and the like, and has been widely applied in production.
Due to the particularity of the numerical control system special for linear cutting, various manufacturing enterprises of linear cutting equipment at home and abroad develop and develop the special numerical control system according to the mechanical structure, the power supply mode, the track control mode and the process characteristics of respective products. At present, domestic linear cutting machine tool production enterprises are not large in scale and weak in all aspects, a hardware platform is mostly formed by a PC (personal computer) and corresponding interface cards, and corresponding software is developed according to the processing requirements of the linear cutting machine tool to form various special linear cutting numerical control systems.
The golden cut numerical control system reaches a higher development level in scale and integral control process at present, and is very mature in reliability and compatibility. Therefore, the domestic universal golden cutting four-axis linkage bus type numerical control system (such as Siemens 840 and Huazhong 848) is adopted to replace the domestic linear cutting hardware platform formed by a PC (personal computer) and corresponding interface cards, and the problems encountered by the current linear cutting processing industry can be well solved. However, in the process of online cutting, when workpieces such as upper and lower 'equal cones', 'variable cones', 'upper and lower special shapes' are cut, unlike a traditional metal cutting machine tool, a tool used by the machine tool is a wire electrode, and one end of the wire electrode is controlled by two linkage shafts of a numerical control machine tool to form a processing plane; the other head is controlled by the other two linkage shafts to form another processing plane; the upper and lower planes can be machined at the same time with different trajectories (for example, straight or circular arcs) and the wire is kept under constant tension during the machining.
Because the metal cutting numerical control system cannot realize the synchronous processing of two planes with different shapes in the process of linear cutting, the control algorithm of the metal cutting numerical control system needs to be improved, so that the improved metal cutting numerical control system can be directly used for processing a special-shaped surface by a linear cutting machine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a wire cutting machine control method and device based on a golden cut numerical control system, a control system of the wire cutting machine and a storage medium, and aims to solve the problem of synchronous processing of a special-shaped surface in the process that the golden cut numerical control system is used for wire cutting.
According to a first aspect of the invention, a wire cutting machine control method based on a golden cut numerical control system is provided, which comprises the following steps:
determining a first processing track on a first surface of a workpiece and a second processing track on a second surface of the workpiece, wherein the first processing track and the second track are to-be-synchronously-processed tracks, and the first processing track is an arc track;
dividing the first processing track and the second processing track respectively to obtain a first group of continuous straight-line segments with a preset number corresponding to the first processing track and a second group of continuous straight-line segments with the preset number corresponding to the second processing track;
sequentially and simultaneously interpolating straight-line segments at the same arrangement position in the first group of continuous straight-line segments and the second group of continuous straight-line segments in the respective machining directions of the first machining track and the second machining track;
and based on the interpolation result, controlling an electrode wire of a wire cutting machine to process the workpiece.
Further, when the second processing trajectory is a straight trajectory, the predetermined number depends on the first processing trajectory.
Further, the first group of continuous straight-line segments and the second group of continuous straight-line segments are both continuous straight-line segments with equal length.
Further, the predetermined number depends on the total length of the circular arc trajectory, the circular arc radius, and a set approximation tolerance.
Further, according to the arc length of each arc curve obtained by dividing the first processing track and the coordinates of the starting point and the ending point of the first processing track, calculating the feeding increment of each straight line segment in the first group of continuous straight line segments in the directions of the first linkage shaft and the second linkage shaft corresponding to the first surface;
and synthesizing and converting the feeding increment in the directions of the first linkage shaft and the second linkage shaft into the actual movement increment of each linkage shaft.
Further, according to the total length of the second processing track, the number of the second processing track to be divided, and the coordinates of the start point and the end point of the second processing track, calculating the feed increment of each straight line segment in the second group of continuous straight line segments divided by the second processing track in the directions of a third linkage shaft and a fourth linkage shaft corresponding to the surface where the second processing track is located, wherein the second group of continuous straight line segments are continuous equal-length straight line segments;
and synthesizing and converting the feeding increment in the directions of the third linkage shaft and the fourth linkage shaft into the actual motion increment of each linkage shaft.
Further, when the second processing trajectory is a circular arc trajectory, the predetermined number depends on one of the first processing trajectory and the second processing trajectory in which a product of an arc length and a radius is large.
Further, the first group of continuous straight-line segments and the second group of continuous straight-line segments are both continuous straight-line segments with equal length.
Further, the predetermined number is determined by the total length of one of the first machining locus and the second machining locus where the product of the arc length and the radius is large, the radius of the arc, and a set approaching tolerance.
Further, according to the arc length of each arc curve obtained by dividing the first processing track and the coordinates of the starting point and the ending point of the first processing track, calculating the feeding increment of each straight line segment in the first group of continuous straight line segments in the first and second linkage shaft directions corresponding to the first surface, and synthesizing and converting the feeding increments in the first and second linkage shaft directions into the actual motion increments of the first and second linkage shafts;
and calculating the feed increment of each straight-line segment in the second group of continuous straight-line segments in the third and fourth linkage shaft directions corresponding to the second surface according to the arc length of each circular arc curve obtained by dividing the second processing track and the coordinates of the starting point and the ending point of the second processing track, and synthesizing and converting the feed increments in the third and fourth linkage shaft directions into the actual motion increments of the third and fourth linkage shafts.
Further, the first processing track and/or the second processing track which are circular arc tracks are/is divided into a group of continuous circular arc curves with equal length in the preset number, and a group of continuous straight-line segments are obtained by connecting the head end and the tail end of each circular arc curve, wherein the track formed by the group of continuous straight-line segments approaches to the circular arc tracks.
The second aspect of the invention also provides a wire cutting machine control device based on the golden cut numerical control system, which comprises the following modules:
the track determining module is used for determining a first processing track on a first surface of a workpiece and a second processing track on a second surface of the workpiece, wherein the first processing track and the second track are to-be-synchronously-processed tracks, and the first processing track is an arc track;
the straight line dividing module is used for dividing the first processing track and the second processing track respectively to obtain a first group of continuous straight line sections with a preset number corresponding to the first processing track and a second group of continuous straight line sections with the preset number corresponding to the second processing track;
the interpolation module is used for sequentially and simultaneously interpolating straight-line segments at the same arrangement position in the first group of continuous straight-line segments and the second group of continuous straight-line segments in the respective machining directions of the first machining track and the second machining track;
and the control module is used for controlling the electrode wire of the wire cutting machine to process the workpiece based on the interpolation result.
Further, when the second processing trajectory is a straight trajectory, the predetermined number depends on the first processing trajectory.
Further, the first group of continuous straight-line segments and the second group of continuous straight-line segments are both continuous straight-line segments with equal length.
Further, the predetermined number depends on the total length of the circular arc trajectory, the circular arc radius, and a set approximation tolerance.
Further, the method also comprises a first incremental synthesis calculation module:
the feeding increment of each straight line segment in the first group of continuous straight line segments in the directions of a first linkage shaft and a second linkage shaft corresponding to the first surface is calculated according to the arc length of each circular arc curve obtained by dividing the first processing track and the coordinates of the starting point and the ending point of the first processing track;
and synthesizing and converting the feeding increment in the directions of the first linkage shaft and the second linkage shaft into the actual movement increment of each linkage shaft.
Further, the method also comprises a second incremental synthesis calculation module:
the feeding increment of each straight line segment in a second group of continuous straight line segments divided by the second processing track in the directions of a third linkage shaft and a fourth linkage shaft corresponding to the surface of the second processing track is calculated according to the total length of the second processing track, the dividing number of the second processing track and the coordinates of the starting point and the ending point of the second processing track, wherein the second group of continuous straight line segments are continuous straight line segments with equal length;
and synthesizing and converting the feeding increment in the directions of the third linkage shaft and the fourth linkage shaft into the actual motion increment of each linkage shaft.
Further, when the second processing trajectory is a circular arc trajectory, the predetermined number depends on one of the first processing trajectory and the second processing trajectory in which a product of an arc length and a radius is large.
Further, the first group of continuous straight-line segments and the second group of continuous straight-line segments are both continuous straight-line segments with equal length.
Further, the predetermined number is determined by the total length of one of the first machining locus and the second machining locus where the product of the arc length and the radius is large, the radius of the arc, and a set approaching tolerance.
Further, also comprises
A third increment synthesis calculation module, configured to calculate, according to an arc length of each arc curve obtained by dividing the first processing trajectory, and coordinates of a start point and an end point of the first processing trajectory, a feed increment of each straight line segment in the first group of continuous straight line segments in a first and second linkage axis directions corresponding to the first surface, and synthesize and convert the feed increments in the first and second linkage axis directions into actual motion increments of the first and second linkage axes;
and the fourth increment synthesis calculation module is used for calculating the feed increment of each straight-line segment in the second group of continuous straight-line segments in the third and fourth linkage axis directions corresponding to the second surface according to the arc length of each circular arc curve obtained by dividing the second processing track and the coordinates of the starting point and the ending point of the second processing track, and synthesizing and converting the feed increments in the third and fourth linkage axis directions into the actual motion increments of the third and fourth linkage axes.
Further, the straight line segmentation module segments the first processing track and/or the second processing track which are circular arc tracks into a group of continuous circular arc curves with equal length in the preset number, and connects the head end and the tail end of each circular arc curve to obtain a group of continuous straight line segments, wherein the tracks formed by the group of continuous straight line segments approximate to the circular arc tracks.
The third aspect of the present invention also provides a wire cutting machine control apparatus comprising:
at least one processor; and
a memory storing instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the wire-cutting machine control apparatus to implement a wire-cutting machine control method based on a golden cut numerical control system as any of the above.
The fourth aspect of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the storage medium stores computer instructions, and when a wire cutting machine control device executes the computer instructions, the computer instructions are used to implement any one of the above-mentioned wire cutting machine control methods based on a golden cut numerical control system.
According to the technical scheme, the synchronous processing of the conventional metal cutting numerical control system for the linear cutting special-shaped surface is realized, and the universality of the equipment is greatly improved only by improving the control algorithm of the metal cutting numerical control system under the condition that a special numerical control system for linear cutting is not used.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail preferred embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art wire cutting machine;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a control device of a wire cutting machine based on a golden cut numerical control system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the preferred mode of the first embodiment of the present invention for converting the programmed movement amount of the workpiece into the actual movement amount of the servo-linkage;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the preferred mode of the first embodiment of the present invention for converting the programmed movement amount of the workpiece into the actual movement amount of the servo-linkage;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the preferred mode of the first embodiment of the present invention for converting the programmed movement amount of the workpiece into the actual movement amount of the servo-linkage;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of a control device of a wire electric discharge machine based on a golden cut numerical control system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a structural view of a control device of a wire cutting machine according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" as used herein may include wirelessly connected. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes all or any element and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Fig. 1 shows the basic structure of a wire cutting machine, a machine tool mainly comprises a wire electrode 1, a processing workpiece 2 and a numerical control rotary table 3, wherein the numerical control rotary table is arranged on a machine tool workbench 5 through an insulating plate 4, and one end of the wire electrode 1 is controlled by two linkage shafts (X, Y shafts) of a numerical control machine tool through a guide wheel; the other end is controlled by another two linkage shafts (U, V shafts) through guide wheels.
When a workpiece is cut by wire cutting, preferably, points on upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece, namely upper and lower processing surface tracks, move correspondingly at a constant speed, and processing time used by the upper and lower surface tracks after processing is strictly equal, but a golden cut numerical control system cannot realize synchronous processing of upper and lower special-shaped surfaces, because a control object of the golden cut numerical control system is a cutting tool, the cutting mode of the golden cut numerical control system is completely different from that of wire cutting, and the upper and lower surfaces are not cut synchronously, a control algorithm needs to be further improved on the basis of a golden cut numerical control instruction to meet the synchronous requirement of the upper and lower processing surfaces, which is specifically referred to the following embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a wire cutting machine control method 100 based on a golden cut numerical control system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment is described by taking a universal four-axis NC system for golden cut as an example, but other suitable NC systems are also applicable to the control method in the embodiment.
The wire cutting machine control method 100 based on the golden cut numerical control system comprises the following steps:
step S101, determining a first processing track on a first surface of a workpiece and a second processing track on a second surface of the workpiece, wherein the first processing track and the second track are to-be-synchronized processing tracks, and the first processing track is an arc track;
specifically, before the cutting operation, a user needs to establish a mathematical model of the workpiece machining profile, and divide the machining trajectory of a first surface (corresponding to one of the XY-axis plane or the UV-axis plane) and a second surface (corresponding to one of the XY-axis plane or the UV-axis plane) of the workpiece into a plurality of groups of to-be-synchronized machining trajectories, wherein each group of to-be-synchronized machining trajectories includes a circular arc or a straight line on the first surface and a circular arc or a straight line on the second surface, for example: the upper surface of the workpiece is pre-cut to be square, and the lower surface is pre-cut to be round, so that one side of the square of the upper surface and the 1/4 arc length of the round of the lower surface are a pair of synchronous processing tracks. Respectively writing a numerical control machining program based on a workpiece coordinate system in a conventional golden cutting programming mode aiming at the machining tracks of the upper surface and the lower surface of the workpiece, for example: g code processing program.
For example: the shape of the workpiece is an upper circle and a lower circle, and the workpiece can be divided into four groups of synchronous processing tracks, wherein each group comprises an upper surface straight line and a lower surface circular arc which are synchronously processed.
And then, carrying out synthesis programming on the G code track programs with one-to-one correspondence to the upper surface and the lower surface line by line, wherein the synthesis method comprises the following steps:
(1) if G codes in the corresponding lines of the XY axis and the UV axis planes are all synthesized by linear interpolation: g01(G00) X _ Y _ U _ V _;
(2) if the G codes in the corresponding lines of the XY axis and the UV axis plane have circular interpolation synthesis: g02(G03) X _ Y _ U _ V _ I _ J _ L _ M _ N _;
wherein, L-1 represents that the XY plane is a circular interpolation; l is 2, the UV plane is subjected to circular interpolation; l is 3 to represent XY, and the UV plane is simultaneously subjected to circular interpolation; i, J represents origin coordinates of an XY plane; m, N represent UV plane origin coordinates.
Because the invention uses a general golden cut numerical control system, and the built-in interpolation module of the numerical control platform is different from the numerical control platform of a special linear cutting machine, the special-shaped surface double-interpolator control algorithm of the special platform can not be realized, and in order to ensure the synchronization of the processing of the upper and lower special-shaped surfaces of a workpiece, especially the condition of one surface curve and one surface straight line, the special synchronization processing of an arc track and a straight line track is required:
firstly, reading G codes line by line in sequence, judging whether an arc track exists in the motion track of the G codes in the current line, and if the arc track exists in the track to be synchronously processed on any one of the two surfaces of the workpiece, performing special treatment of the step S102 to realize synchronous interpolation no matter the second surface is the arc track or the linear track; if the to-be-synchronously-machined tracks on the two surfaces of the workpiece are linear tracks, vertical synchronous interpolation can be realized without linear segmentation, and because the wire electrode of the linear cutting machine can be used for cutting the two linear tracks, no matter whether synchronous cutting is carried out, the finally obtained linear tracks can be straight lines, and any error can not occur.
Step S102, dividing the first processing track and the second processing track respectively to obtain a first group of continuous straight-line segments with a preset number corresponding to the first processing track and a second group of continuous straight-line segments with the preset number corresponding to the second processing track;
specifically, in order to ensure synchronous interpolation of the upper and lower surface trajectories (i.e. the processing time for processing the upper and lower surface trajectories should be strictly equal), when a circular arc trajectory is found in the G code for the to-be-synchronized processing trajectories of the first and second surfaces, the circular arc trajectory is represented by a set of a predetermined number of consecutive straight line segments, for example: the circular arc curve is infinitely approximated by a large number of small straight line segments. And then, representing the to-be-synchronously-machined track in the other surface by a group of continuous straight line segments with the same quantity, wherein if the to-be-synchronously-machined track on the other surface is also a circular arc, the approximation method is the same, and if the to-be-synchronously-machined track on the other surface is a straight line track, the straight line track is directly divided into a group of continuous straight line segments with the same quantity. And finally, sequentially arranging the two groups of continuous straight line segments in the processing direction of respective tracks to be synchronously processed, for example: the wire electrode of the wire cutting machine can simultaneously cut the upper surface and the lower surface of a workpiece, a cutting starting point is arranged on the track to be synchronously machined on the upper surface, a cutting starting point is correspondingly arranged on the lower surface, and the small straight line segments are sequentially numbered at the cutting starting point of the track to be synchronously machined on the upper surface, namely the divided continuous straight line segments are sequentially numbered as 0000, 0001, 0002, … … and 1000; consecutive straight segments of the lower surface are numbered sequentially 0000, 0001, 0002, … …, 1000 in the same manner.
Step S103, sequentially and simultaneously interpolating straight-line segments at the same arrangement position in the first group of continuous straight-line segments and the second group of continuous straight-line segments in the respective machining directions of the first machining track and the second machining track;
specifically, the interpolation trajectory is obtained as follows: the wire electrode of the wire cutting machine is characterized in that two straight line segments with the numbers of 0000 are simultaneously interpolated in the respective processing directions of two tracks to be synchronously processed on the upper surface and the lower surface, then two straight line segments with the numbers of 0001 are simultaneously interpolated, and the like, and then two straight line segments with the numbers of 0002 and 0003 … … 1000 are simultaneously interpolated, so that the synchronous processing tracks on the upper surface and the lower surface are formed. Because each group of continuous straight line segments are sequentially numbered in the machining direction, the interpolation mode can always synchronously interpolate the straight line segments at the same arrangement position in the two groups of continuous straight line segments, so that the tracks to be synchronously machined on the upper surface and the lower surface can be ensured to simultaneously start and end.
And step S104, based on the interpolation result, controlling the electrode wire of the wire cutting machine to machine the workpiece.
And according to the interpolation rule of the interpolator, controlling the interpolation motion of the wire electrode of the wire cutting machine so as to machine the workpiece.
In the above embodiment, it is preferable that the predetermined number is determined by the first machining locus when the second machining locus is a straight-line locus.
Specifically, when circular arcs and straight lines appear on the upper and lower irregular surfaces, in order to ensure the synchronization of interpolation, the circular arcs and the straight lines are divided into the same number of small straight line segments, and then each straight line segment is interpolated at the same time. If the linear track is divided firstly, no matter how many straight line segments the linear track is divided into theoretically, the machining precision of the workpiece cannot be influenced, because the electrode wire is linearly cut in the steps of cutting 1, 100, 1000 and 10000, the surface of the workpiece can form the same linear track, and only the cutting times are different; however, the cutting number of the arc track represents that the wire electrode completes the cutting of the arc track in several steps, the higher the cutting number is, the more perfect the wire electrode approaches the arc track, that is, the higher the processing precision of the workpiece is, the lower the cutting number is, the more deviated the self shape of the arc track, that is, the lower the processing precision of the workpiece is. As can be seen, if the linear trajectory is divided first, the number of divisions may not match the target processing accuracy. Therefore, the dividing number of the arc track should be determined, and after the requirement of the machining precision of the arc track is met, the determined dividing number is used for dividing the straight track, so that the requirement of the machining precision can be met to the greatest extent, and the execution efficiency of the numerical control program is highest.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the first and second groups of continuous straight-line segments are both continuous straight-line segments of equal length.
Particularly, the optimal cutting precision can be obtained by approximating the circular arc track and the straight line track by a group of continuous equal-length straight line segments, and the calculation process is more convenient and faster. That is to say, although the more the number of segments of the straight line segment into which the machining trajectory is divided, the higher the approximation degree and the higher the cutting accuracy, in the case that the number of segments of the divided straight line segment is fixed, the optimal approximation method is to approximate by using a group of continuous straight line segments with equal length, so that the most accurate circular arc trajectory can be simulated. In addition, when the initial coordinate point of each straight-line segment is calculated, the straight-line segments with equal length are more regular and more convenient than the straight-line segments with unequal length, the calculation process can be greatly simplified, the programming difficulty is greatly reduced, and the program execution efficiency is improved.
In the above embodiment, it is preferable that the predetermined number depends on a total length of the circular arc trajectory, a circular arc radius, and a set approximation tolerance. The specific calculation method is as follows:
assuming that the total length of a certain surface arc of the workpiece to be processed is alf _ len, the radius of the arc is r, and the arc length of each small segment to be divided is alf, wherein
e is a preset approaching tolerance, and the number cnt of continuous small arcs needing to be cut of the arc is calculated according to the above contents:
cnt ═ alf _ len/alf equation (2)
In the above embodiment, it is preferable that a feed increment of each straight-line segment in the first group of continuous straight-line segments in the direction of the first linkage shaft and the second linkage shaft corresponding to the first surface is calculated according to an arc length of each circular arc curve obtained by dividing the first processing track, and coordinates of a start point and an end point of the first processing track; and synthesizing and converting the feeding increment in the directions of the first linkage shaft and the second linkage shaft into the actual movement increment of each linkage shaft.
The XY process plane is assumed to be the first surface and the UV process plane is assumed to be the second surface. Calculating the increment value of each continuous equal-length straight-line segment (the length of each continuous equal-length circular arc curve is approximate to that of the continuous equal-length circular arc curve) from the starting point to the end point in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction:
sina sin (alf) formula (3)
i _ cosa ═ (1-cos (alf)) (4)
Δxi＝-xi*i_cosa-yiSina formula (5)
Δyi＝-yi*i_cosa+xiSina formula (6)
Δ x in the above formulai、ΔyiThe incremental value is the incremental value in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, i is the serial number of the continuous equal-length straight-line segments from the starting point, and i is more than or equal to 0;
calculating the terminal point coordinate of the current straight-line segment according to the increment values of the upper surface and the lower surface of the workpiece in the directions of the universal driving shafts:
xi+1＝xi+Δxiformula (7)
yi+1＝yi+ΔyiFormula (8)
Next, since the interpolation motion of the wire cutting machine is finally reflected on the actual servo axes, and the programmed motion amount of the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece is different from the actual motion amount of each processing plane servo linkage axis, as shown in fig. 3-5, it is necessary to synthetically convert the feeding increments in the first and second linkage axis directions into the actual motion increments of each linkage axis. The specific method comprises the following steps:
referring to FIG. 3, points C and D are servo X and U-axis motion control points, points A and B are upper and lower surface points of the workpiece 6, and h is a reference point1Is the distance between the servo XY axis plane and the upper surface of the workpiece 6, h2Is the distance between the servo UV axis plane and the lower surface of the workpiece 6, and h is the distance between the servo XY axis plane and the servo UV axis plane. If the position of the point A is kept unchanged, the point B moves along the X axis by a distance X which is BB1Then the position of the wire electrode after the movement is completed is shown in fig. 4.
At this time, the point D moves by the distance DD1Comprises the following steps:
at this time, point C movesDistance CC1Comprises the following steps:
wherein, BB1Programming the amount of movement of the workpiece 6, i.e. the actual amount of cutting movement of the upper and lower surface synchronous machining path, CC1And DD1The motion increment of the actual walking of the servo shaft of the four-linkage machine tool is obtained.
If the position of the point B is kept unchanged, the point A moves along the X axis by a distance X which is AA2Then the position of the wire electrode after the movement is completed is shown in fig. 5.
At this time, the point D movement distance is:
at this time, the point C moves by a distance CC2Comprises the following steps:
calculating the resultant in the X coordinate direction when the XU axis moves synchronously:
amount of synthesis on X-axis:
synthetic amount of U axis:
it should be noted that the synthetic increment of the YV axis on the Y coordinate axis can be calculated by referring to the synthetic method of the XU axis on the X coordinate axis, which is not described herein again.
In the above embodiment, it is preferable that a feeding increment of each of the second continuous straight line segments into which the second processing trajectory is divided in a direction of a third linkage axis and a fourth linkage axis corresponding to the surface on which the second processing trajectory is located is calculated according to a total length of the second processing trajectory, a division number of the second processing trajectory, and coordinates of a start point and an end point of the second processing trajectory, where the second continuous straight line segments are continuous equal-length straight line segments; and synthesizing and converting the feeding increment in the directions of the third linkage shaft and the fourth linkage shaft into the actual motion increment of each linkage shaft.
Specifically, in the above embodiment, the to-be-synchronized machining locus of the lower surface of the workpiece is a linear locus, and the starting point (u) is interpolated from the lower surface linear interpolation locus1,v1) And end point coordinate (u)n,vn) And calculating the average increment value of each small segment of straight line on the lower surface in two axes by the segment number i of the small straight line segment divided by the arc track being cnt (the segment number of the arc track is the segment number of the straight line track):
1)Δu1＝(un-u1)/cnt(Δu1＝Δu2…＝Δui) Formula (15)
2)Δv1＝(vn-v1)/cnt(Δv1＝Δv2…＝Δvi) Formula (16)
The coordinates of the start point and the end point of each small straight line segment can be obtained according to the average increment value and the coordinates of the start point and the end point of the straight line track, which is not described herein again.
Next, since the interpolation motion of the wire cutting machine is finally reflected on the actual servo axes, and the programmed motion amount of the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece is different from the actual motion amount of each of the machining plane servo linkage axes, it is necessary to synthetically convert the feed increments in the directions of the third and fourth linkage axes into the actual motion increments of each of the linkage axes. For a specific method, reference is made to the above formulas (9) - (14), which are not described herein again.
In the above embodiment, preferably, when the second machining locus is a circular arc locus, the predetermined number is determined by one of the first machining locus and the second machining locus in which a product of an arc length and a radius is large.
Specifically, when the first and second processing tracks are circular arc tracks, the circular arc interpolation is changed into small straight line segment interpolation, the number of continuous straight line segments can affect the processing precision of the circular arc tracks, the more the straight line segments are, the higher the processing precision is, the less the straight line segments are, the lower the processing precision is, therefore, when the arc length and the radius of the two circular arc tracks are different, the number of segmentation can affect the processing precision, and the sequencing of segmentation can affect the program execution efficiency:
for example, the two arcs have the same arc length and different radii, if the number of the divided small straight line segments is the same, the approximation degree of the arc with the large radius is inevitably different from that of the arc with the small radius, and if the arc with the small radius is divided first, the arc with the small radius may meet the requirement of the machining precision, while the arc with the large radius may not meet the requirement of the machining precision.
For another example, the two arcs have different arc lengths and the same radius, and if the number of the divided small straight-line segments is the same, the approximation degree of the arc with the larger arc length is inevitably different from that of the arc with the smaller arc length. Thus, if the arc with a small arc length is divided first, the arc with a small arc length may meet the requirement of the machining accuracy, while the arc with a large radius may not meet the requirement of the machining accuracy.
In summary, when the synchronous processing tracks of the upper and lower surfaces are all circular arc tracks, the small straight line segments are required to be approximated, and the arc length alf _ len and the radius r are both factors influencing the dividing number of the small straight line segments and the approximation degree of circular arcs, i.e. the processing precision, therefore, the product of the arc length and the radius should be used as the basis for determining the dividing number of the small straight line segments, i.e. firstly, the circular arc with the larger product of the arc length and the radius is divided, and then, the circular arc with the smaller product of the arc length and the radius is divided according to the dividing number, so that the processing precision of the circular arc with the smaller product of the arc length and the radius is ensured as long as the processing precision of the circular arc with the larger product of the arc length and the radius is ensured.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the first and second groups of continuous straight-line segments are both continuous straight-line segments of equal length.
Specifically, two groups of continuous equal-length straight-line segments are used for approximating two circular arc tracks, the reason for doing so is that the circular arc tracks can be simulated most accurately, in addition, when the initial coordinate point of each straight-line segment is calculated, the equal-length straight-line segments are more regular and convenient than the unequal-length straight-line segments, the calculation process can be greatly simplified, the programming difficulty is greatly reduced, and the program execution efficiency is improved.
In the above embodiment, it is preferable that the predetermined number is determined by a total length of one of the first machining locus and the second machining locus in which a product of an arc length and a radius is large, an arc radius, and a set approaching tolerance.
Specifically, when the to-be-synchronized processing trajectories are all circular arc trajectories, the calculation manner of the number of the continuous straight-line segments approximating the circular arc trajectories is completely the same as the calculation manner of the number of the continuous straight-line segments approximating the circular arc trajectories when the to-be-synchronized processing trajectories are circular arc trajectories and linear trajectories, and the equations (1) - (2) may be specifically referred to, and are not repeated herein.
In the above embodiment, it is preferable that the feed increment of each of the first group of continuous straight line segments in the first and second link axis directions corresponding to the first surface is calculated based on the arc length of each of the circular arc curves obtained by dividing the first machining trajectory and the coordinates of the start point and the end point of the first machining trajectory, and the feed increments in the first and second link axis directions are synthesized and converted into the first and second link axis actual motion increments; and calculating the feed increment of each straight-line segment in the second group of continuous straight-line segments in the third and fourth linkage shaft directions corresponding to the second surface according to the arc length of each circular arc curve obtained by dividing the second processing track and the coordinates of the starting point and the ending point of the second processing track, and synthesizing and converting the feed increments in the third and fourth linkage shaft directions into the actual motion increments of the third and fourth linkage shafts.
Specifically, in the preferred embodiment, for the case that both the two to-be-synchronized processing trajectories are circular arc trajectories, the calculation manner of the feed increment of each straight line segment in the linkage axis direction in the continuous straight line segments obtained by dividing each circular arc trajectory is completely the same as the calculation manner when the two to-be-synchronized processing trajectories are circular arc trajectories and linear trajectories, specifically refer to equations (3) - (14) above.
In the foregoing embodiment, preferably, the first processing trajectory and/or the second processing trajectory, which are circular arc trajectories, are divided into a group of continuous circular arc curves with equal length in the predetermined number, and a connection line between a head end and a tail end of each circular arc curve is used to obtain a group of continuous straight-line segments, where a trajectory formed by the group of continuous straight-line segments approximates to the circular arc trajectory. Specifically, there are various methods for dividing the circular arc trajectory into a group of continuous straight line segments with equal length, such as: the inventor finds that the calculation process is simpler, more stable and more effective by using the equal arc length method through a large number of tests, and therefore preferentially recommends using the equal arc length method to perform linear fitting on the circular arc track.
The second embodiment of the present invention further provides a wire cutting machine control device 200 based on a golden cut numerical control system, as shown in fig. 6, including the following modules connected in sequence:
the track determining module 201 is configured to determine a first processing track located on a first surface of a workpiece and a second processing track located on a second surface of the workpiece, where the first processing track and the second processing track are to-be-synchronized processing tracks, and the first processing track is an arc track;
a straight line dividing module 202, configured to divide the first processing trajectory and the second processing trajectory respectively to obtain a first group of consecutive straight line segments corresponding to the first processing trajectory and a second group of consecutive straight line segments corresponding to the second processing trajectory, wherein the first group of consecutive straight line segments and the second group of consecutive straight line segments have a predetermined number;
an interpolation module 203, configured to sequentially and simultaneously interpolate line segments at the same arrangement position in the first group of continuous line segments and the second group of continuous line segments in the respective processing directions of the first processing trajectory and the second processing trajectory;
and the control module 204 is used for controlling the electrode wire of the wire cutting machine to machine the workpiece based on the interpolation result.
It should be understood that this embodiment is an embodiment of the apparatus corresponding to embodiment 1, and this embodiment can be implemented in cooperation with embodiment 1. The related technical details mentioned in embodiment 1 are still valid in embodiment 1, and are not described herein again in order to reduce repetition. Accordingly, the related-art details mentioned in the present embodiment can also be applied to embodiment 1.
It should be noted that each of the modules in the present embodiment is a logic module implemented by a computer program. In addition, in order to highlight the innovative part of the present invention, a module unit which is not so closely related to solve the technical problem proposed by the present invention is not introduced in the present embodiment, but it does not indicate that there is no other module unit in the present embodiment.
The third embodiment of the present invention also provides a wire cutting machine control apparatus 300, as shown in fig. 7, which includes:
at least one processor 301; and
a memory 302, the memory 302 storing instructions executable by the at least one processor 301, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor 301, causing the wire-cutting machine control apparatus 300 to implement the wire-cutting machine control method based on the golden cut numerical control system described in the above embodiments.
The memory 302 is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and can be used for storing non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer-executable programs, and modules, such as the wire cutting control program in the embodiment of the present invention. The processor 301 executes various functional applications and data processing of the wire cutting machine control device 300 by running the nonvolatile software program, instructions and modules stored in the memory 302, that is, implements the wire cutting machine control method based on the golden cut numerical control system in the above-described embodiment.
The memory 302 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function; the storage data area may store information on the number of acquired reminders for the application program, and the like. Further, the memory 302 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid state storage device. In some embodiments, memory 302 may optionally include memory located remotely from processor 301, which may be connected over a network to a processing device operating the list items. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The wire cutting machine control device 300 can execute the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, and has corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method. For technical details that are not described in detail in this example, reference may be made to the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application.
A fourth embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer storage medium in the form of non-volatile memory, such as electrically erasable programmable read-Only memory (EEPROM), flash memory, and a hard disk drive, storing computer-executable instructions. When being executed by the wire cutting machine control system, the computer-executable instructions are used for realizing the wire cutting machine control method based on the golden cut numerical control system in the above embodiment.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention includes apparatus relating to performing one or more of the operations described in the present invention. These devices may be specially designed and manufactured for the required purposes, or they may comprise known devices in general-purpose computers. These devices have stored therein computer programs that are selectively activated or reconfigured. Such a computer program may be stored in a device (e.g., computer) readable medium, including, but not limited to, any type of disk including floppy disks, hard disks, optical disks, CD-ROMs, and magnetic-optical disks, ROMs (Read-Only memories), RAMs (Random Access memories), EPROMs (Erasable programmable Read-Only memories), EEPROMs (Electrically Erasable programmable Read-Only memories), flash memories, magnetic cards, or optical cards, or any type of media suitable for storing electronic instructions, and each coupled to a bus. That is, a readable medium includes any medium that stores or transmits information in a form readable by a device (e.g., a computer).
It will be understood by those within the art that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, can be implemented by computer program instructions. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the computer program instructions may be implemented by a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, implement the features specified in the block or blocks of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations of the invention disclosed herein.
Those of skill in the art will appreciate that various operations, methods, steps in the processes, acts, or solutions discussed in the present application may be alternated, modified, combined, or deleted. Further, various operations, methods, steps in the flows, which have been discussed in the present application, may be interchanged, modified, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or eliminated. Further, steps, measures, schemes in the various operations, methods, procedures disclosed in the prior art and the present invention can also be alternated, changed, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted.
The foregoing is only a partial embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A wire cutting machine control method based on a golden cut numerical control system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining a first processing track on a first surface of a workpiece and a second processing track on a second surface of the workpiece, wherein the first processing track and the second processing track are to-be-synchronously-processed tracks, and the first processing track is an arc track;
respectively dividing the first processing track and the second processing track to obtain a first group of continuous straight-line segments with a preset number corresponding to the first processing track and a second group of continuous straight-line segments with the preset number corresponding to the second processing track, wherein the first group of continuous straight-line segments and the second group of continuous straight-line segments are continuous straight-line segments with equal length;
when the second processing track is a straight-line track, the preset number depends on the first processing track, according to the arc length of each circular arc curve obtained by dividing the first processing track and the coordinates of the starting point and the ending point of the first processing track, the feed increment of each straight-line segment in the first group of continuous straight-line segments in the directions of the first linkage shaft and the second linkage shaft corresponding to the first surface is calculated, the feed increments in the directions of the first linkage shaft and the second linkage shaft are synthesized and converted into the actual motion increment of each linkage shaft, and according to the total length of the second processing track, the dividing number of the second processing track and the coordinates of the starting point and the ending point of the second processing track, the feed increment of each straight-line segment in the second group of continuous straight-line segments into which the second processing track is divided in the directions of the third linkage shaft and the fourth linkage shaft corresponding to the surface of the second processing track is calculated, synthesizing and converting feed increments in the directions of the third linkage shaft and the fourth linkage shaft into actual motion increments of each linkage shaft;
sequentially and simultaneously interpolating straight-line segments at the same arrangement position in the first group of continuous straight-line segments and the second group of continuous straight-line segments in the respective machining directions of the first machining track and the second machining track;
and based on the interpolation result, controlling an electrode wire of a wire cutting machine to process the workpiece.
2. The wire cutting machine control method based on the golden cut numerical control system according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined number depends on the total length of the circular arc track, the circular arc radius and the set approaching tolerance.
3. The wire cutting machine control method based on the golden cut numerical control system according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
when the second machining locus is an arc locus, the predetermined number depends on one of the first machining locus and the second machining locus in which the product of the arc length and the radius is larger;
calculating the feed increment of each straight-line segment in the first group of continuous straight-line segments in the first and second linkage shaft directions corresponding to the first surface according to the arc length of each circular arc curve obtained by dividing the first processing track and the coordinates of the starting point and the ending point of the first processing track, and synthesizing and converting the feed increments in the first and second linkage shaft directions into the actual motion increments of the first and second linkage shafts;
and calculating the feed increment of each straight-line segment in the second group of continuous straight-line segments in the third and fourth linkage shaft directions corresponding to the second surface according to the arc length of each circular arc curve obtained by dividing the second processing track and the coordinates of the starting point and the ending point of the second processing track, and synthesizing and converting the feed increments in the third and fourth linkage shaft directions into the actual motion increments of the third and fourth linkage shafts.
4. The wire cutting machine control method based on the golden cut numerical control system according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined number is determined by a total length of one of the first and second processing tracks in which a product of an arc length and a radius is large, an arc radius, and a set approximation tolerance.
5. The wire electric discharge machine control method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
and dividing the first processing track and/or the second processing track which are circular arc tracks into a group of continuous circular arc curves with equal length in the preset number, and connecting the head end and the tail end of each circular arc curve to obtain a group of continuous straight-line segments, wherein the tracks formed by the group of continuous straight-line segments approach to the circular arc tracks.
6. A wire cutting machine control device based on a metal cutting numerical control system is characterized by comprising the following modules:
the device comprises a track determining module, a first processing module and a second processing module, wherein the track determining module is used for determining a first processing track on a first surface of a workpiece and a second processing track on a second surface of the workpiece, the first processing track and the second processing track are to-be-synchronously-processed tracks, and the first processing track is an arc track;
the straight line segmentation module is used for respectively segmenting the first processing track and the second processing track to obtain a first group of continuous straight line segments with a preset number corresponding to the first processing track and a second group of continuous straight line segments with the preset number corresponding to the second processing track, and the first group of continuous straight line segments and the second group of continuous straight line segments are both continuous straight line segments with equal length;
a first increment synthesis calculation module, configured to calculate, when the second processing trajectory is a linear trajectory, a feed increment of each linear segment in the first group of continuous linear segments in the first and second linkage axis directions corresponding to the first surface according to an arc length of each arc curve obtained by dividing the first processing trajectory and start and end coordinates of the first processing trajectory, and synthesize and convert the feed increments in the first and second linkage axis directions into actual motion increments of each linkage axis;
a second increment synthesis calculation module, configured to calculate, when the second processing trajectory is a linear trajectory, a feed increment of each straight line segment in the second group of continuous straight line segments into which the second processing trajectory is divided in a third linkage axis and a fourth linkage axis direction corresponding to a surface where the second processing trajectory is located according to a total length of the second processing trajectory, a division number of the second processing trajectory, and start and end coordinates of the second processing trajectory, and synthesize and convert the feed increments in the third linkage axis and the fourth linkage axis direction into actual motion increments of each linkage axis;
the interpolation module is used for sequentially and simultaneously interpolating straight-line segments at the same arrangement position in the first group of continuous straight-line segments and the second group of continuous straight-line segments in the respective machining directions of the first machining track and the second machining track;
and the control module is used for controlling the electrode wire of the wire cutting machine to process the workpiece based on the interpolation result.
7. The control device of the wire cutting machine based on the golden cut numerical control system according to claim 6, characterized in that the predetermined number depends on the total length of the circular arc track, the circular arc radius and the set approaching tolerance.
8. The wire cutting machine control device based on the golden cut numerical control system according to claim 6, characterized by further comprising:
a third incremental synthesis calculation module, configured to, when the second processing trajectory is an arc trajectory, determine that the predetermined number depends on one of the first processing trajectory and the second processing trajectory, where a product of an arc length and a radius of the first processing trajectory and the second processing trajectory is larger, calculate, according to an arc length of each arc curve obtained by dividing the first processing trajectory and coordinates of a start point and an end point of the first processing trajectory, feed increments of each straight line segment in the first and second continuous straight line segments in the first and second coupling axis directions corresponding to the first surface, and synthesize and convert the feed increments in the first and second coupling axis directions into actual motion increments of the first and second coupling axes; and
and the fourth increment synthesis calculation module is used for calculating the feed increment of each straight-line segment in the second group of continuous straight-line segments in the third and fourth linkage axis directions corresponding to the second surface according to the arc length of each circular arc curve obtained by dividing the second processing track and the coordinates of the starting point and the ending point of the second processing track, and synthesizing and converting the feed increments in the third and fourth linkage axis directions into the actual motion increments of the third and fourth linkage axes.
9. The wire cutting machine control device based on the golden cut numerical control system according to claim 8, wherein the predetermined number is determined by a total length of one of the first processing track and the second processing track in which a product of an arc length and a radius is large, a radius of an arc, and a set approximation tolerance.
10. The control device of the wire cutting machine based on the golden cut numerical control system according to any one of the claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the straight line dividing module divides the first processing track and/or the second processing track which are circular arc tracks into a group of continuous equal-length circular arc curves of the preset number, and connects the head end and the tail end of each circular arc curve to obtain a group of continuous straight line segments, wherein the track formed by the group of continuous straight line segments approximates to the circular arc track.
11. A wire electric discharge machine control apparatus, characterized by comprising:
at least one processor; and
a memory storing instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the wire cutting machine control apparatus to implement the golden cut numerical control system based wire cutting machine control method of any one of claims 1-5.
12. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause an apparatus to perform the steps in the method of any one of claims 1-5.
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