CN109799545A - Multiple-input multiple-output aerial array arrangement, human body safety check equipment and human body safety check method for active millimeter wave safety check imaging - Google Patents
Multiple-input multiple-output aerial array arrangement, human body safety check equipment and human body safety check method for active millimeter wave safety check imaging Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
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Abstract
Embodiment of the disclosure discloses a kind of method for the sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement of active millimeter wave safety check imaging, human body safety check equipment and human body safety check.Sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement, including one group of transmitting antenna and one group of receiving antenna；Wherein, one group of transmitting antenna includes in cambered surface along multiple transmitting antennas of the first arc arrangement, one group of receiving antenna includes along multiple receiving antennas of the second arc arrangement in cambered surface, and one group of transmitting antenna is parallel to one group of receiving antenna and is spaced apart, and is located at same cambered surface；Wherein, at least one receiving antenna is arranged within the scope of the equal arc length of the second arc corresponding with the interval arc length between two adjacent transmitting antennas that the first arc arranges.
Description
Technical field
Embodiment of the disclosure is related to field, in particular to for millimeter wave including multiple-input multiple-output aerial array and people
Body rays safety detection apparatus and method.
Background technique
Have in the prior art based on active millimeter wave Terahertz human body imaging technique.The technical work principle is to set
For first to human body radiation millimeter wave, the millimeter wave after human body or suspicious item scattering is then received by detector, is passed through
Human body is imaged into arc for algorithm for reconstructing.However, computationally intensive, image taking speed is slower.The transmitting millimeter wave and detection millimeter used
The antenna of wave is more, and the device is complicated, and manufacture difficulty is big.
Summary of the invention
According to the one side of the disclosure, embodiment of the disclosure provide it is a kind of for active millimeter wave safety check imaging
Sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement, including one group of transmitting antenna for emitting millimeter wave and for receiving by one group of hair
Penetrate one group of receiving antenna of the millimeter wave of antenna transmitting reflected by human body；
Wherein, one group of transmitting antenna include in cambered surface along the first arc arrangement multiple transmitting antennas, described one group
Receiving antenna includes along multiple receiving antennas of the second arc arrangement in cambered surface, and one group of transmitting antenna is arranged along the first arc
Multiple transmitting antennas of column are parallel to multiple receiving antennas arrangement along the arrangement of the second arc of one group of receiving antenna, and edge
First arc arranges one group of transmitting antenna and is spaced apart with along the second arc arrangement one group of receiving antenna, and is located at same arc
Face；
Wherein, corresponding with the interval arc length between two adjacent transmitting antennas that the first arc arranges the second arc
At least one receiving antenna is arranged within the scope of equal arc length.
In one embodiment, at least one transmitting antenna is aligned at least one receiving antenna so that between the two
Line is perpendicular to the first arc of one group of transmitting antenna or the second arc of one group of receiving antenna；Alternatively, any one is sent out
Penetrate the first arc or one group of reception day of one group of transmitting antenna described in the line out of plumb of antenna and any one receiving antenna
Second arc of line.
In one embodiment, one group of transmitting antenna comes first transmitting antenna and one group of reception day
First arc or the one group reception of the line of line come between first receiving antenna perpendicular to one group of transmitting antenna
Second arc of antenna；Or
One group of transmitting antenna come first transmitting antenna and one group of receiving antenna come first connect
The line received between antenna is not orthogonal to the first arc of one group of transmitting antenna or the second arc of one group of receiving antenna.
In one embodiment, a transmitting antenna of one group of transmitting antenna and one group of receiving antenna be most
The midpoint of one line is counted as the void of this pair of of transmitting antenna-receiving antenna in close corresponding multiple receiving antennas
Quasi- displaced phase center, the distance between adjacent displaced phase center are 0.3 to 0.7 times of the wavelength of radiated wave.
In one embodiment, the distance between adjacent displaced phase center is the half of the wavelength of radiated wave.
In one embodiment, the interval between two adjacent transmitting antennas of the first arc arrangement is second
It is corresponded in arc and arranges at least one receiving antenna in range.
In one embodiment, the multiple transmitting antenna is with the distance of the integral multiple not less than 2 of the wavelength of radiated wave
It is spaced apart, the multiple receiving antenna is opened with the distance interval of the wavelength of one times of radiated wave.
In one embodiment, multiple transmitting antennas with the wavelength of 2 times, 3 times, 4 times, 5 times or 6 times of radiated wave away from
It sows discord and separates.
In one embodiment, the multiple transmitting antenna is divided into multiple transmission antenna groups, in same transmission antenna group
The wavelength of one times or more times of radiated wave is spaced between transmitting antenna, the distance being spaced between adjacent transmission antenna group is spoke
The integral multiple for being not less than 2 of the wavelength of ejected wave.
In one embodiment, the wavelength of radiated wave of the spacing distance between the multiple transmitting antenna greater than one times,
The multiple receiving antenna is opened with the distance interval of the wavelength of the radiated wave greater than one times；Also, the multiple transmitting antenna
Total quantity is not identical and relatively prime as the total quantity of the multiple receiving antenna.
In one embodiment, multiple equivalent phases that adjacent transmitting antenna and corresponding receiving antenna determine
Center is not overlapped；And
The multiple displaced phase centers of transmitting antenna-receiving antenna pair are sequentially arranged in a row or multipair adjacent hair
Penetrate at least partly being alternately arranged on a row of multiple displaced phase centers of antenna-receive antenna pair.
In one embodiment, one group of transmitting antenna described in the first arc is spaced apart with one group of receiving antenna described in the second arc
Distance be less than image-forming range 10%.
In one embodiment, sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement further includes control switch, for controlling one group of hair
It penetrates antenna and successively emits millimeter wave.
In one embodiment, one group described in the first transmitting antenna and the second arc of one group of transmitting antenna described in the first arc
The first receiving antenna of receiving antenna, which misplaces, to be arranged.
In one embodiment, sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement is configured to: one group of transmitting antenna can be along first
Multiple transmitting antennas of arc arrangement successively emit the scanning that radiated wave completes one group of transmitting antenna, and multiple-input multiple-output array arranges energy
It is enough to be gradually completing human body two-dimensional scanning along with the displacement of the orthogonal direction in the direction of the first arc of one group of transmitting antenna, and
It can complete to be imaged based on the synthetic aperture Holographic Algorithm of Fourier transformation.
In one embodiment, it is complete to be configured to the synthetic aperture based on Fourier transformation for sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement
Algorithm is ceased, image reconstruction, imaging formula once are completed to correct imaging region are as follows:
Wherein, σ (x, y) is the scattering coefficient of human body, R0It is image-forming range, FT2DFor two-dimensional Fourier transform,For
Two-dimentional inverse Fourier transform, j are imaginary unit, and k is propagation constant, kx、kyIt is space propagation constant respectively；
The echo-signal of human body is received for a pair of of transmitting antenna-receiving antenna combination；KωFor the sky of stepped frequency radar
Between frequency；For a point target in target area, I indicates to be located at I (xn, yn) at scattering point target, define I and hair
Penetrate antenna AtDistance be RT, n, I and receiving antenna ArBetween distance be RR, n。
According to the one side of the disclosure, a kind of sparse multiple-input multiple-output battle array for active millimeter wave safety check imaging is provided
Column arrangement, including the hair arranged for the multirow arranged in parallel that launch wavelength is millimeter wave along camber line being arranged in cambered surface
Antenna and the multirow arranged in parallel for receiving the wavelength reflected by human body as millimeter wave are penetrated along the reception day that camber line arranges
Line, each arc transmitting antenna include multiple transmitting antennas, and each arc receiving antenna includes multiple receiving antennas；The multirow edge
The transmitting antenna of camber line arrangement is parallel to the receiving antenna that the multirow is arranged along camber line；The hair that the multirow is arranged along camber line
It penetrates antenna and the multirow is separated from each other along the receiving antenna that camber line arranges；Wherein, multirow is along the transmitting day that camber line arranges
A line receiving antenna of a line transmitting antenna and multirow in the receiving antenna that camber line arranges in line constitutes above-mentioned sparse more
Hair receives array arrangement.
According to the one side of the disclosure, a kind of human body safety check equipment is provided, including one or more above-mentioned sparse multiple
It is receive array arrangement more
In one embodiment, one or more above-mentioned sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangements include first sparse multiple more
Array arrangement and the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement are received, wherein the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array is arranged and second is sparse
Multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement is relatively arranged to limit the inspection space for implementing human body safety check, and first therebetween
Sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement and the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement are configured to upper and lower translation in the vertical direction
To implement scanning.
In one embodiment, human body safety check equipment further include:
First frame, the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array be arranged on the first frame can on the first frame on move down
It is dynamic；With,
Second frame, the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array be arranged on the second frame can on the second frame on move down
It is dynamic；
Wherein, the first track-type facilities are set on the first frame, and the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array is arranged to slide
Mode is connected to first track-type facilities so as to move along first track-type facilities to carry out first to human body and sweep
It retouches；Second track-type facilities are set on the second frame, and the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement is connected in a manner of it can slide
Second track-type facilities are connected to so as to move along second track-type facilities to carry out the second scanning to human body.
In one embodiment, human body safety check equipment further include:
Driving device, for driving the described first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement to move along first track-type facilities
Move and/or drive the described second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement to move along second track-type facilities；With
Restraint device, the restraint device is for constraining the described first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement and described second
The movement relation of sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement is so that the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array is arranged and described second is sparse
Multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement can only move in opposite direction.
In one embodiment, the restraint device is connection the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement and described
The connecting line band of the rigidity of second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement；
Wherein, first track-type facilities are equipped with the first fixed pulley, and second track-type facilities are equipped with the second fixed pulley,
The connecting line band is successively connected by the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley from the described first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement
To the described second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement.
In one embodiment, human body safety check equipment includes: first driving device, and it is sparse more to directly drive described first
Hair receives array arrangement, and the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array is arranged through first driving device and is connected to the first guide rail dress
It sets；With, the second driving device, the described second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement, the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output are directly driven
Array is arranged through the second driving device and is connected to the second track-type facilities.
In one embodiment, the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement is by lowest frequency to most high-frequency emission millimeter wave, the
Two sparse multiple-input multiple-output arrays arrangements by most high frequency to lowest frequency millimeter wave, alternatively, the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrange by
Lowest frequency is to most high-frequency emission millimeter wave, the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement by most high frequency to lowest frequency millimeter wave.
The one side of the disclosure provides a kind of human body safety check method implemented using above-mentioned human body safety check equipment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows a kind of schematic diagram of one-dimensional single-shot list receipts aerial array；
Fig. 2 shows a kind of schematic diagrames of one-dimensional multiple-input multiple-output aerial array；
Fig. 3 shows the multi-emitting antenna according to one embodiment of the disclosure-more receiving antennas working principle diagram；
Fig. 4 shows the arcuate array according to the disclosure；
Fig. 5 shows the relationship of arc length and chord length according to the disclosure；
Fig. 6 shows the schematic diagram arranged according to the sparse multiple-input multiple-output array of one embodiment of the disclosure, wherein emitting
Spacing between antenna is 4 λ；
Fig. 7 shows the schematic diagram arranged according to the sparse multiple-input multiple-output array of one embodiment of the disclosure, wherein emitting
Spacing between antenna is 4 λ；
Fig. 8 A, Fig. 8 B show the schematic diagram arranged according to the sparse multiple-input multiple-output array of one embodiment of the disclosure,
Spacing between middle transmitting antenna is 3 λ；
Fig. 9 A, Fig. 9 B show the schematic diagram arranged according to the sparse multiple-input multiple-output array of one embodiment of the disclosure,
Spacing between middle transmitting antenna is 2 λ；
Figure 10 A, Figure 10 B show the schematic diagram arranged according to the sparse multiple-input multiple-output array of one embodiment of the disclosure,
Wherein the spacing between transmitting antenna is 5 λ；
Figure 11 A, 11B show the schematic diagram arranged according to the sparse multiple-input multiple-output array of one embodiment of the disclosure,
Middle transmitting antenna is divided into multiple groups；
Figure 12 shows the schematic diagram arranged according to the sparse multiple-input multiple-output array of one embodiment of the disclosure；
The signal arranged according to the sparse multiple-input multiple-output array of one embodiment of the disclosure is shown respectively in Figure 13 A, 13B
Front elevation and top view；
Figure 14 shows the schematic diagram of the human body safety check equipment according to one embodiment of the disclosure；
Figure 15 shows the schematic diagram of the human body safety check equipment according to one embodiment of the disclosure；
Figure 16 shows the schematic diagram of the human body safety check equipment according to one embodiment of the disclosure.
Specific embodiment
Although the disclosure allows various modifications and interchangeable form, its specific embodiment passes through example
Mode be shown in the accompanying drawings, and will be described herein in detail.It should be appreciated, however, that the attached drawing and detailed of accompanying
Description is not configured to the disclosed concrete form that is restricted to of the disclosure, but on the contrary, is to cover the power fallen by being appended
Benefit requires all modifications, equivalent form and the alternative forms in the spirit and scope of the present disclosure limited.Attached drawing is to show
Meaning, thus draw not to scale.
The terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right" have been used in the present specification, are not intended to limit the absolute of element
Orientation, but help to understand to describe the relative position of element in the view；" top side " and " bottom side " is phase in this specification
For under normal circumstances, the orientation of the upright the upper side and lower side of object；" first ", " second " etc. are also not to sort, but
In order to distinguish different components.
Multiple embodiments according to the disclosure are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First introduce some basic knowledge of the millimeter wave human body safety check for embodiment of the disclosure.Active millimeter
Wave human body safety check equipment is generally received at present using one-dimensional single-shot list or quasi- single-shot list receives aerial array synthetic aperture imaging original
Reason.Referring to Fig.1, dual-mode antenna (transmitting antenna-receiving antenna) unit is indicated in Fig. 1 intermediate cam shape, indicate to emit with T
Antenna, R indicate that receiving antenna, TR indicate transmitting antenna-receiving antenna unit.Imaging need on aperture length direction according to
Half-wave long spacing principle, is equidistantly spaced from actual dual-mode antenna unit, and dual-mode antenna unit rear end (not shown) passes through height
Speed switch is connected with transceiver, and first dual-mode antenna unit combines data of completion with transceiver by switch and adopt
Collection is controlled second dual-mode antenna unit and is combined by switch with transceiver by switching, then completes a data
Acquisition, successively control switch is switched to n-th dual-mode antenna unit from first dual-mode antenna unit, can complete N group data
Acquisition obtains the data information of N number of equivalent unit needed for being imaged.
The antenna element one-dimensional array imaging mode of above-described transceiver or bistatic is the disadvantage is that need quantity
Huge antenna resources, in order to realize the sampling of N number of antenna element, transceiver aerial array needs N number of antenna element, receives
Hair splits aerial array and needs 2N antenna element, and dual-mode antenna utilization rate is very low；In addition, since antenna unit array is realized
Need antenna element number more, and antenna element spacing needs to meet Nyquist using theorem, i.e. antenna element interval half-wave
Long spacing requirement, when working frequency is lower, physics realization difficulty is little, but with the raising of working frequency, realizes difficulty
It will be stepped up.
Nyquist refers to that the number of samples needed along aperture is determined by several factors using theorem, including wavelength,
Aperture size, target size and range-to-go.If being less than π from a sampled point to the phase shift of next sampled point,
Then meet Nyquist rule.The worst situation will be, target very close to aperture and sampled point close to aperture side
Edge.For space samples interval delta x, the worst situation will be that phase shift is no more than 2k Δ x.Therefore, sampling rule can indicate
Are as follows:
Δ x < (λ/4)
Wherein, λ=2 π/k is wavelength.
This result requires strictly than common, because target (such as human body) usually range aperture is closer, antenna
Beam angle is usually less than 180 degree.Based on this reason, the amount of sampling interval that the imaging system of application generallys use in λ/2
Grade.
It is compared by taking working frequency 24-30GHz and 70-80GHz as an example, corresponding wavelength is respectively 10mm and 4mm,
Realize one-dimensional array shown in Fig. 1, then requiring dual-mode antenna spacing is respectively 5mm and 2mm, it is assumed that antenna aperature length is 1m
When, transceiver aerial array is respectively necessary for 200 and 500 antenna elements, and bistatic aerial array needs 400 and 1000
A antenna element.It can be seen that the increase antenna spacing with frequency becomes smaller, required number of antennas is sharply increased.Antenna spacing
Become smaller so that design and the array layout design of antenna element all have great difficulty, while also will limit dual-mode antenna
Performance.The increase of number of antennas, not only increases hardware cost, increases the complexity of system, and data volume increases, and adopts
The collection time becomes.Therefore, one-dimensional array shown in Fig. 1 is answered in terms of safety check is imaged in high frequency millimeter wave (50GHz-300GHz) human body
It is not high with the feasibility of realization, do not have Project Realization value.
Fig. 2 shows a kind of antenna arrangement modes of sparse distribution multiple-input and multiple-output, and wherein T indicates transmitting antenna, R table
Show receiving antenna, although this antenna arrangement mode can reduce the number of antenna, there is disadvantage: for example, due to equivalent
Phase center and dual-mode antenna can only use back-projection algorithm apart from larger, and back-projection algorithm calculating speed is slow, figure
As reconstruction time is long.Rear orientation projection is a kind of based on the accurate of signal procesing in time domain originating from computed tomography
Imaging algorithm.Its basic thought is to imaging point each in imaging region, by calculating the point to prolonging between sending and receiving antenna
When, all echoes are obtained into the point corresponding pixel value in the picture to its contribution coherent superposition, in this way to entirely at
As region carries out coherent superposition processing point by point, the image of imaging region can be obtained.This algorithm is maximum the disadvantage is that needing
Entire each point of imaging section is rebuild, reconstruction speed is slow, and time-consuming；In addition, the receiving antenna at both ends is dense distribution
, interval need to meet Nyquist using theorem.Such as 170GHz-260GHz frequency range, typical transmitting antenna and receiving antenna mouth
Diameter is 10.8mm, and a length of 1.36mm of the corresponding half-wave of centre frequency.Obviously, this antenna element mode is unsuitable.One
Kind solution is exactly sparse receiving antenna, so that displaced phase center interval is grown up than half-wave, but antenna samples deficiency meeting
Cause the artifact of reconstruction image serious.
The disclosure proposes a kind of sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement, by multiple-input multiple-output array rarefaction design with
Control technology can greatly improve acquisition speed and antenna element utilization rate；Electric scanning is fully realized along array direction
(i.e. by the Antenna Operation one by one of switch control antenna or by switch control antenna, frequency of use is scanned one by one),
It without mechanical scanning, may be implemented quickly to scan, improve image taking speed；And it can be using being changed based on fast Fourier
Algorithm for reconstructing, and then significantly improve reconstruction speed；Hardware complexity is reduced simultaneously, improves engineering realizability.
Specifically, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, a kind of sparse multiple-input multiple-output for active millimeter wave imaging is provided
Array arrangement, wherein controlling by the way that single station is equivalent with electric switch, equivalent unit spacing is arranged to be slightly larger than or be equal to work
The half of frequency corresponding wavelength, the equivalent unit are displaced phase center.
For convenience of explanation, a kind of multiple-input multiple-output system is shown referring to Fig. 3, member X-Y coordinate system is set in x-axis
Upper setting is sparse to carry out transmitting-receiving combination, uses At(xt, yt) and Ar(xr, yr) respectively indicate it is a pair of receive and dispatch combined transmitting antenna with
Receiving antenna and its position coordinates at place.
For a point target in target area, I indicates to be located at I (xn, yn) at scattering point target, define I with
Transmitting antenna AtDistance be RT, n, I and receiving antenna ArBetween distance be RR, n, R0For target area center and linear array it
Between vertical range namely image-forming range.
Echo-signal after passing point target scattering can be expressed as Sn(xt, yt；xr, yt；Kω)=σ (xn, yn)exp[-
jKω(RT, n+RR, n)]
Wherein, σ x, y) be human body scattering coefficient, KωFor the spatial frequency of stepped frequency radar, j is imaginary unit.
A is combined for transmitting-receivingtArReceive the echo-signal of target area are as follows:
Wherein D is imaging region.
Transmitting and the equivalent position for receiving signal can be indicated that the equivalent position is two by the phase center of antenna
The physical centre in stand-alone antenna or aperture.In multiple-input multiple-output system, a transmitting antenna corresponds to multiple receiving antennas, this
In disclosed embodiment, receiving antenna unit and transmission antenna unit are arranged to be not at same position, this to emit and connect
Receiving the system that is spatially separating of antenna can be used a virtual system simulation, in virtual system, each group of transmitting with connect
It receives and adds a virtual location between antenna, this position is referred to as displaced phase center.Dual-mode antenna combines collected time
Wave number evidence can be equivalent to its displaced phase center Ae (xe, ye) position internal loopback antenna echo collected.
The transmitting-receiving is combined, the relationship of physical coordinates can indicate between each antenna are as follows:
Using displaced phase center principle, equivalent echo signal can be indicated are as follows:
Principle is arranged according to the sparse multiple-input multiple-output array of the above-mentioned active millimeter wave imaging of the disclosure, it is sparse more
Hair to be received in array arrangement, in the interval between two adjacent transmitting antennas of the first row arrangement in a second row
At least one receiving antenna is arranged in corresponding range.
Fig. 6 shows one embodiment.For example, multiple transmitting antennas are opened with the distance interval of the wavelength of 4 times of radiated wave,
Multiple receiving antennas are opened with the distance interval of the wavelength of one times of radiated wave, and transmitting antenna and receiving antenna are meeting above-mentioned item
In the case where part, the length or so-called aperture quantification arranged according to array.Sparse multiple-input multiple-output array cloth in Fig. 6
Setting can specifically be constructed by following steps:
First according to imaging indicators parameter such as working frequency (wavelength X), aerial array length, that is, antenna aperature Lap etc.
It is required that determining required equivalent unit number N and interval d；
Then, actual antennas unit is arranged according to bistatic mode, transmitting antenna/receiving antenna is respectively according to mutual
Two parallel lineal layouts, are divided into dtr；
Then, the arrangement of transmission antenna unit is designed, transmitting antenna sum Nt is arbitrary number, is determined by antenna aperature Lap
It is fixed；The spacing of each transmitting antenna is that M λ (is in the present embodiment 4 λ)；
Next, the arrangement of design receiving antenna unit, receiving antenna sum are arbitrary number Nr, receiving antenna is equidistant
Distribution, spacing λ.
In the arrangement shown in Fig. 6, the correspondence of a transmitting antenna and one group of receiving antenna of one group of transmitting antenna
The midpoint of line of a receiving antenna be counted as the virtual displaced phase center of this pair of of transmitting antenna-receiving antenna,
The distance between adjacent displaced phase center is the half of the wavelength of radiated wave.In Fig. 6 (following Fig. 7 is also similar), just
It is connected between the receiving antenna that the transmitting antenna and circle R that rectangular T is indicated indicate with dotted line, the midpoint triangle table of T and R
Show, triangle position means that virtual displaced phase center.There is a void between every a pair of transmitting antenna-receiving antenna
Quasi- displaced phase center, these virtual displaced phase centers, i.e. displaced phase center shown in triangle in Fig. 6
The distance that position is separated from each other is the half of the wavelength of radiated wave or close to half.In order to reduce transmitting antenna and receive day
The quantity of line, and the overlapping of displaced phase center is generally avoided, the distance between adjacent displaced phase center is radiated wave
Wavelength half or the wavelength slightly larger than radiated wave half, for example, the distance between adjacent displaced phase center be spoke
0.3 to 0.7 times of the wavelength of ejected wave can satisfy and finally constitute clearly image.In other words, in adjacent equivalent phase
The half that the distance between heart is greater than the wavelength of radiated wave is too many, then may fogging image.
In one embodiment, sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement is configured to successively send out by one group of transmitting antenna
The scanning that radiated wave completes one group of transmitting antenna is penetrated, by multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement along the row with one group of transmitting antenna
Direction orthogonal direction displacement be gradually completing human body two-dimensional scanning；And the synthetic aperture holography based on Fourier transformation is calculated
Method completes imaging.As shown in fig. 6, emitting millimeter magnitude radiated wave since the transmitting antenna of first, left side, receiving antenna is connect
Return signal is received, subsequent second transmitting antenna emits radiated wave, successively operate, and completes single pass.Then, along paper
The mobile step distance in direction upward or downward, repeats above-mentioned scanning again, gradually scans human body.
In one embodiment, it is complete to be configured to the synthetic aperture based on Fourier transformation for sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement
Algorithm is ceased, image reconstruction, imaging formula once are completed to correct imaging region are as follows:
Wherein, σ (x, y) is the scattering coefficient of human body, R0It is image-forming range, FT2DFor two-dimensional Fourier transform,For
Two-dimentional inverse Fourier transform, j are imaginary unit, and k is propagation constant, kx、kyIt is space propagation constant respectively；
The echo-signal of human body is received for a pair of of transmitting antenna-receiving antenna combination；KωFor the sky of stepped frequency radar
Between frequency.
When work, by control switch, multiple transmitting antennas successively emit radiated wave.When the 1st transmitting antenna work,
1st to the 4th receiving antenna acquires echo data；When the 2nd transmitting antenna work, the 1st to the 8th receiving antenna is acquired back
Wave number evidence；When the 3rd transmitting antenna work, the 5th to the 12nd receiving antenna acquires echo data；In turn, each emits
Corresponding 8 receiving antennas of antenna acquire data；A to the last transmitting antenna, i.e. the Nt transmitting antenna, last 4 connect
It receives antenna and acquires data.
After all transmitting antennas successively emit, primary lateral data acquisition is completed, (Nt-1) × 8 is finally obtained and returns
Wave number evidence.According to above-mentioned displaced phase center principle, these echo datas be can be equivalent in (Nt-1) × 8 equivalent phase
The collected echo data of heart institute.Also, it is divided into 0.5 λ between among these equivalent phases, meets nyquist sampling law
It is required that it is equivalent member distribution.
Then carrying out synthetic aperture scanning in ary Quadrature direction, i.e. the scanning to two-dimentional aperture is completed in mechanical scanning,
The step-length of scanning also needs to meet using theorem, i.e. 0.5 λ of half-wavelength.
After completing two-dimentional aperture scanning, collected echo data can be expressed as S (xt, yt；xr, yr；Kω)。
Finally, may be implemented quickly to rebuild in conjunction with the synthetic aperture Holographic Algorithm based on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), complete
Imaging.
The purpose of imaging algorithm is exactly the picture that target is finally inversed by from echo expression formula, i.e., target scattering coefficient σ (x,
Y), the synthetic aperture Holographic Algorithm based on Fourier transformation, without point-by-point to entire imaging region as subsequent projection algorithm
It rebuilds, but utilizes the advantage of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), once correct imaging region is rebuild and is completed.Imaging formula are as follows:
Wherein R0 is image-forming range.
The sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement proposed in the disclosure is based on single station principle of equal effects, i.e. array of designs passes through
Single station is equivalent and combines the control of control switch, so that finally formed displaced phase center (is also referred to as equivalent unit in the disclosure
Or equivalent aerial unit) meet nyquist sampling law, it is, the finally formed equivalent aerial list of dual-mode antenna array
The spacing of member is slightly larger than or is equal to the half of working frequency corresponding wavelength.Embodiment of the disclosure is examined according to mentioned above principle
It is shorter to consider high band millimetre wavelength, to take into account engineering realizability, while using array rarefaction design and array switch
Control technology, it is final to realize the requirement of half-wave long spacing equivalent aerial cell distribution.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmitting antenna along the first row arrangement and the receiving antenna quilt along the arrangement of the second row
Further it is arranged to arrange along the first arc and the second arc respectively；In other words, along the transmitting antenna of the first row arrangement and along the
The receiving antenna of two rows arrangement is arranged in a cambered surface, and two rows are parallel, however transmitting antenna and receiving antenna are respectively along arc
Line arrangement.Illustrate the implementation method of the transmitting antenna arranged along arc and receiving antenna below.
The circular arc that we are R at radius array bend arranged in a straight line, the value range of R are 0.5m-1m.It was bent
Journey is as shown in Figure 4.For along the array that arc arranges, image-forming condition needs to arrange along camber line for linear array
Two neighbouring transmitting antennas or the corresponding arc length of maximum value at receiving antenna interval and the poor e of chord length h tend to 0, such as Fig. 5
It is shown.
Wherein, θ is the corresponding subtended angle of circular arc, and R is arc radius.Meet following relationship,
It is right as θ < < 1Taylor series expansion is carried out,
Wherein, O (θ) is higher order term.
Difference e can be expressed as,
All array structures enumerated below can realize e~0.In Fig. 6 and Fig. 7,1 transmitting antenna pair
8 receiving antennas are answered, 4 λ is divided between adjacent two emitting antennas, takes λ=4mm, bend to the circular arc of radius R=500mm,
E=2.22x10 at this time-5m.Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 is simplifiedly shown as transmitting antenna and receiving antenna along arranged in a straight line, in fact, hair
Antenna and receiving antenna is penetrated to arrange along camber line.
TR spacing dtr can be arbitrary value, on the one hand can place lower dual-mode antenna array, to intercouple small, separately
On the one hand requiring dtr/z0 < 10%, z0 is image-forming range.
It can be seen that for 1 meter of macro length of array structure, with arc arrange with along array structure arranged in a straight line at
As principle is similar.In the other embodiments of the disclosure, for convenience by transmitting antenna and receiving antenna with arranged in a straight line
Form show, it should be appreciated that these transmitting antennas and receiving antenna arcuately arrange.Or briefly, the disclosure
Thinned array R-T unit can be arranged first with form of straight lines, then pass through bending camber.
It is introduced by taking the design process of 63 transmitting antennas and 248 receiving antenna composition arrays as an example referring to Fig. 6
The sparse multiple-input multiple-output array method for arranging of the disclosure, those skilled in the art can carry out sparse according to the introduction of the disclosure
The arrangement of array.
Firstly, according to imaging indicators parameter request, such as imaging resolution, sidelobe level parameter determine it is required equivalent
Number of unit and interval, that is, determine the distribution of equivalent virtual array.The interval of equivalent array element need maximum be slightly larger than or
Equal to the half of operation wavelength.
Then, actual antennas unit is arranged according to bistatic mode, transmitting antenna/receiving antenna is respectively according to mutual
Two parallel lineal layouts, straight line spacing can be arbitrary value, but small as far as possible (can be λ, 1.5 λ, 2 λ, 3 λ, 4 λ
Deng), it is reasonably selected with actual design antenna element size and array sizes design requirement, array sizes 1m design of the present invention.
Then, as shown in fig. 6, the arrangement of design transmission antenna unit, transmitting antenna sum (are extended to other for 63
Arbitrary number, specific number are determined by factors such as imaging resolution, areas imagings), each transmitting antenna spacing is 4 λ.
Next, design receiving antenna unit arrangement, receiving antenna sum be 248 (be extended to any other number,
Specific number is determined that each receiving antenna spacing is λ by factors such as imaging resolution, areas imagings.Transmitting antenna array with connect
Aerial array first place is received to as shown in Figure 6 at that time.
Fig. 7 shows one embodiment, and wherein transmitting antenna array and the dislocation of receiving antenna array first place design, and emits day
The spacing of first antenna transverse direction of first antenna of the linear array the left-hand side and the receiving antenna array the left-hand side is that λ (can be any other
Value, the arbitrary value being generally taken as between [- 5 λ, 5 λ]).
When work, first transmitting antenna carries out difference to preceding answering a receiving antenna of M/2 (i.e. 4)；Second to Nt-1
Transmitting antenna is distributed corresponding M (i.e. 8) a receiving antenna and carries out difference；The Nt transmitting antenna is to last M/2 (i.e. 4) a reception
Antenna carries out difference, obtains the equivalent unit distribution of 0.5 λ at equal intervals, finally obtains and meet nyquist sampling Law requirement
Equivalent member distribution；It is controlled by electric switch, successively switches transmitting antenna and complete a data acquisition.Then in ary Quadrature side
To synthetic aperture scanning is carried out, the scanning to two-dimentional aperture is completed.Finally, in conjunction with the synthesis hole changed based on fast Fourier
Diameter Holographic Algorithm may be implemented quickly to rebuild, and complete imaging test.
Fig. 8 shows another embodiment of the present disclosure, sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement in contrast to the embodiment of FIG. 6,
The spacing of each transmitting antenna is 3 λ, and the spacing between each receiving antenna is λ, wherein in Fig. 8 A, first transmitting antenna and head
The alignment of a receiving antenna, in Fig. 8 B, first transmitting antenna and first receiving antenna are staggered a λ.The present embodiment it is sparse multiple
Arrays of receiving arrange that mode that can be as similar such as Fig. 7 works more.
Fig. 9 shows another embodiment of the present disclosure, sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement in contrast to the embodiment of FIG. 6,
The spacing of each transmitting antenna is 2 λ, and the spacing between each receiving antenna is λ, wherein in Fig. 9 A, first transmitting antenna and head
The alignment of a receiving antenna, in Fig. 9 B, first transmitting antenna and first receiving antenna are staggered a λ.The present embodiment it is sparse multiple
Arrays of receiving arrange that mode that can be as similar such as Fig. 7 works more.
Figure 10 A, 10B show another embodiment of the present disclosure, in contrast to the embodiment of FIG. 6, each transmitting antenna
Spacing is 5 λ, and the spacing between each receiving antenna is λ, wherein in Figure 10 A, first transmitting antenna and first receiving antenna pair
Together, in Figure 10 B, first transmitting antenna and first receiving antenna are staggered a λ.When work, first transmitting antenna is to preceding answering 5
A receiving antenna carries out difference；Second to Nt-1 corresponding 10 receiving antennas of transmitting antenna distribution carry out difference；Nt
Transmitting antenna carries out difference to last 5 receiving antennas, obtains the equivalent unit distribution of 0.5 λ at equal intervals, finally obtains satisfaction
The equivalent member distribution of nyquist sampling Law requirement；It is controlled by electric switch, successively switches transmitting antenna and complete a data
Acquisition.Then synthetic aperture scanning is carried out in ary Quadrature direction, completes the scanning to two-dimentional aperture.Finally, combining based on fast
The synthetic aperture Holographic Algorithm of fast Fourier's variation, may be implemented quickly to rebuild, completes imaging test.For example, can be set 51
A transmitting antenna and 250 receiving antennas, form the array of 1m.
Similarly, into Figure 10 in order to briefly describe, transmitting antenna and receiving antenna are shown as along arranged in a straight line Fig. 7,
Actually transmitting antenna and receiving antenna are arranged along camber line.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the multiple transmitting antenna is with the integral multiple not less than 2 of the wavelength of radiated wave
Distance interval is opened, and the multiple receiving antenna is opened with the distance interval of the wavelength of one times of radiated wave.For example, multiple transmitting days
Line is opened with the distance interval of the wavelength of 2 times, 3 times, 4 times, 5 times or 6 times of radiated wave.In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, a hair
Multiple receiving antennas can generally be corresponded to by penetrating antenna, for example, a transmitting antenna can correspond to 3,4,5,6,7 or
The signal that 8 receiving antennas, i.e. a transmitting antenna issue is by 3,4,5,6,7 or 8 receptions near it
Antenna receives and identifies.Actually the signal of transmitting antenna may be received also by other receiving antennas, however in practical application
In it is not intended that other receiving antennas signal, that is to say, that each transmitting antenna and fixed corresponding receiving antenna pairing are real
Testing amount.Hithermost corresponding several of one transmitting antenna of one group of transmitting antenna and one group of receiving antenna receive day
The midpoint of one line is counted as the virtual displaced phase center of this pair of of transmitting antenna-receiving antenna in line, adjacent
The distance between displaced phase center can be for the half of the wavelength of radiated wave or close to half.Herein it should be noted that connecing
Nearly half means that not being strict with the distance between adjacent displaced phase center can be the wavelength of radiated wave
Half can also form clearly millimeter-wave image even if the half for deviateing wavelength.For example, adjacent displaced phase center it
Between distance can be between 0.3 times to 0.7 times of the wavelength of radiated wave.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, adjacent transmitting antenna determines multiple equivalent with corresponding receiving antenna
Phase center is not overlapped.And the multiple displaced phase centers of transmitting antenna-receiving antenna pair are sequentially arranged in a row.
In other embodiments, the multipair adjacent multiple displaced phase centers of transmitting antenna-receiving antenna pair are at least
Part is alternately arranged on a row.For example, the multiple transmitting antenna is segmented into more in one embodiment of the disclosure
A transmission antenna group, the wavelength of the radiated wave at one times of interval between the transmitting antenna in same transmission antenna group；Adjacent transmitting
The distance being spaced between antenna sets is the integral multiple for being not less than two of the wavelength of radiated wave.Figure 11 A shows the transmitting of the present embodiment
The arrangement of antenna and receiving antenna.T indicates that transmitting antenna, r indicate receiving antenna in figure.T1, t2 are close, are considered as one
Group, t3, t4 are close to that can be counted as one group, and the displaced phase center of t1-r1 and the displaced phase center of t2-r2 are adjacent, t2-
The displaced phase center of r2 and the displaced phase center of t1-r2 are adjacent, that is to say, that the displaced phase center of t1-r1, t1-r2
It is not adjacent to arrangement, but is arranged the displaced phase center of t2-r1 therebetween.Such arrangement is needed to transmitting
The signal of antenna is encoded, and receiving antenna is decoded the encoded signal of the preset transmitting antenna received, then
It is handled.Receiving antenna can not handle the signal of other transmitting antennas or not handle.To approach the wavelength of millimeter wave
Half interval and arrange displaced phase center feedback signal be used to constitute millimeter-wave image.
In another embodiment, multiple transmitting antennas are segmented into multiple transmission antenna groups, in same transmission antenna group
Interval is the integral multiple for being not less than two of the wavelength of radiated wave between transmitting antenna；It is spaced between adjacent transmission antenna group
Distance is the integral multiple for being not less than two of the wavelength of radiated wave.Fig. 9 B shows one embodiment of the disclosure.Observing Fig. 9 B can be with
Know, two one group of antennas (such as t1 and t2), t1 is at 1.5 times of millimetre wavelengths of r1, and spacing is 3 times between t1 and t2
Millimetre wavelength, and the spacing between t2 and t3 is 5 times of millimetre wavelengths, the spacing between transmitting antenna t and receiving antenna r
For 3 times of millimetre wavelengths.Spacing between transmitting antenna and receiving antenna can be arbitrary value, as long as lower transmitting-receiving day can be placed
Linear array, however in order to enable dual-mode antenna intercouples small, it requires between transmitting antenna and receiving antenna under normal circumstances
Spacing is less than the 10% of image-forming range.It is the displaced phase center of t2-r1 between t1-r2 and the displaced phase center of t1-r3,
It is the displaced phase center of t1-r3, multiple transmitting antennas-receiving antenna group between t2-r1 and the displaced phase center of t2-r2
Displaced phase center be alternately arranged.It should be noted that needing before rebuilding millimeter-wave image receiving antenna
The sequence of data is adjusted to correct sequence.In Figure 11 A, when array length be 1 meter, need 128 receiving antennas, and
Transmitting antenna is 64, takes image-forming range 0.35m, then the spacing of dual-mode antenna array is 3 millimetre wavelengths.
In practical operation, transmitting antenna t1 transmitting, receiving antenna r1-r4 is received；Then transmitting antenna t2 emits, and connects
Antenna r1-r4 is received to receive；Then transmitting antenna t3 emits, and receiving antenna r1-r8 is received；Then transmitting antenna t4 emits, and receives
Antenna r1-r8 is received；According to this rule until transmitting antenna t67 transmitting, receiving antenna r121-r128 is received；Finally send out
Antenna t68 transmitting is penetrated, receiving antenna r121-r128 is received；504 displaced phase center points are formed in total.Reconstruction image it
Before, it needs the sequence of displaced phase center to adjust, i.e., according to spatially arranging from left to right.
In one embodiment, the wavelength of radiated wave of the spacing distance between the multiple transmitting antenna greater than one times,
The multiple receiving antenna is opened with the distance interval of the wavelength of the radiated wave greater than one times；Also, the multiple transmitting antenna
Total quantity is not identical and relatively prime as the total quantity of the multiple receiving antenna.Figure 12 shows one embodiment, one of hair
Penetrate corresponding 5 receiving antennas of antenna, a receiving antenna can receive and identify the signal of the coding of 4 transmitting antennas, and one
The displaced phase center that transmitting antenna and corresponding multiple receiving antennas determine and adjacent transmitting antenna and corresponding multiple
The displaced phase center that receiving antenna determines is alternately arranged, and the 0.3 to 0.7 of the wavelength of displaced phase center interval millimeter wave
Times, usually 0.5 times.
Array structure in Figure 12 is period sparse relatively prime array, utilizes the array of transmitting antenna and the battle array of receiving antenna
Array number is relatively prime in column, and carries out quasi- single station approximation, and the midpoint of receive-send antenna connection is regarded as to the position of single transmitting-receiving array, from
And obtain equivalent uniform line array.Assuming that the sending and receiving number of antennas in a cycle is distributed as N1、N2, in order to obtain uniformly
The array of the displaced phase center of sampling, needs N1With N2It is unequal, and N1With N2There is no common divisor, usually takes N2> N1.One
The array antenna length in period is D, then the spacing of transmitting antenna is D/N1, the array pitch of receiving antenna is D/N2.One
Transmitting antenna will corresponding 2N2A displaced phase center, then the displaced phase center sum in a cycle is 2N1N2.Assuming that
The periodic array number of cycles of array is M, then total displaced phase center number is 2MN1N2Dual-mode antenna array spacing dtr
Array structure in the condition and preceding embodiment of satisfaction is the same.
The sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement of active millimeter wave safety check imaging is configured to according to above embodiments,
Including being the one of millimeter wave for one group of transmitting antenna that launch wavelength is millimeter wave and for receiving the wavelength reflected by human body
Group receiving antenna, one group of transmitting antenna include along multiple transmitting antennas of the first arc arrangement in cambered surface, and described one group connects
Receiving antenna includes along multiple receiving antennas of the second arc arrangement in cambered surface, and one group of transmitting antenna is arranged along the first arc
Multiple transmitting antennas be parallel to multiple receiving antennas arrangement along the arrangement of the second arc of one group of receiving antenna, and along the
One arc arranges one group of transmitting antenna and is spaced apart with along the second arc arrangement one group of receiving antenna, and is located at same arc
Face；Wherein, the equal arc of the second arc corresponding with the interval arc length between two adjacent transmitting antennas that the first arc arranges
At least one receiving antenna is arranged in long range.In the present embodiment, the total quantity of transmitting antenna and receiving antenna is relative to hair
It penetrates antenna and receiving antenna is arranged between one-to-one transmitting antenna and receiving antenna group between the wavelength of one times of radiated wave
Total quantity in the case of separating is reduced, thus reduces manufacture difficulty and cost.
Sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement work can be there are many form.For example, in one embodiment, it is sparse multiple
Array arrangements of receiving further include that can control switch more, successively emit millimeter wave for controlling one group of transmitting antenna.Pass through control
System switch, the one by one/stepping transmitting from left to right (that is, since the transmitting antenna of one end) of multiple transmitting antennas of the first arc
The electromagnetic wave signal of electromagnetic wave signal, each transmitting antenna is received and (is guaranteed near its such as 6 or 8 receiving antennas
Half-wavelength is divided between displaced phase center).The transmitting that finally all transmitting antennas complete a signal is completed
The scanning of a line.In one embodiment, (for example) another working forms, multiple transmitting antennas of the first arc are sent out simultaneously
The electromagnetic wave signal of a frequency is penetrated, the signal of each transmitting antenna transmitting is encoded, and the signal that receiving antenna receives will
Image application is carried out after needing to decode, completes the transmitting an of electromagnetic wave signal and receive to complete an one-dimensional scanning.One
In a embodiment, the one by one/stepping from left to right (that is, since the transmitting antenna of one end) of multiple transmitting antennas of the first row
The electromagnetic wave signal of electromagnetic signals, each transmitting antenna is connect near its such as 6 or 8 receiving antennas
It receives, and the frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal of transmitting antenna transmitting is gradually increased.Finally all transmitting antennas complete a signal
Transmitting complete the scanning of a line.In one embodiment, (for example) there are also a kind of working forms, the multiple hairs of the first arc
Antenna electromagnetic signals one by one from left to right are penetrated, after completing an one-dimensional scanning, the first arc transmitting antenna is along arrangement
After the transverse direction translation certain displacement in direction, electromagnetic signals one by one again, the frequency of electromagnetic wave signal with it is previous
Transmitting is different.
Transmitting antenna and receiving antenna can also have other working methods.
In one embodiment, at least one transmitting antenna is aligned at least one receiving antenna so that between the two
Line is perpendicular to the first arc of one group of transmitting antenna or the second arc of one group of receiving antenna；However, it should be understood that this
It is not necessary to；In another embodiment, the line out of plumb institute of any one transmitting antenna and any one receiving antenna
State first arc of one group of transmitting antenna or the second arc of one group of receiving antenna.
In another embodiment, the line and one group of hair of any one transmitting antenna and any one receiving antenna
The direction for penetrating the row of antenna or one group of receiving antenna is angled；This can be advantageous, and can efficiently use transmitting
Space between antenna and neighbouring receiving antenna will not make a pair of of transmitting antenna lean on too close with receiving antenna.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, along the first arc arrange one group of transmitting antenna with along the second arc arrangement described in
One group of receiving antenna distance spaced apart can be arbitrary, still, along the first arc arrange one group of transmitting antenna with along the
One group of receiving antenna of two arcs arrangement distance spaced apart is as small as possible to be advantageous, because will cause apart from excessive
It is invalid to imitate phase center condition (spacing of adjacent displaced phase center is the half of wavelength or the half close to wavelength)；So
And in practical applications, will cause that realization is difficult apart from too short, crosstalk and spatial arrangement not under problem.Implement at one
In example, it is spaced apart along one group of transmitting antenna of the first arc arrangement with along one group of receiving antenna that the second arc arranges
Distance is less than the 10% of image-forming range.
A kind of sparse multiple-input multiple-output battle array for active millimeter wave safety check imaging is also disclosed in one embodiment of the disclosure
Column arrangement, including being arranged with the multirow arranged in parallel that launch wavelength is millimeter wave that is used for being arranged in cambered surface along camber line
Transmitting antenna and for receive by human body reflect wavelength be millimeter wave multirow arranged in parallel along the reception day that camber line arranges
Line, each arc transmitting antenna include multiple transmitting antennas, and each arc receiving antenna includes multiple receiving antennas；The multirow edge
The transmitting antenna of camber line arrangement is parallel to the receiving antenna that the multirow is arranged along camber line；The hair that the multirow is arranged along camber line
It penetrates antenna and the multirow is separated from each other wherein along the receiving antenna that camber line arranges, the transmitting antenna that multirow is arranged along camber line
In an arc receiving antenna in the receiving antenna that camber line arranges of a line transmitting antenna and multirow constitute it is attached as described with reference
The sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement that Fig. 6-10 is described.Details are not described herein again.
According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, unlike above embodiments, one kind being used for active millimeter wave safety check
Imaging sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement include for launch wavelength be millimeter wave multirow transmitting antenna arranged in parallel and
For receiving the multirow receiving antenna arranged in parallel that the wavelength reflected by human body is millimeter wave, thus, transmitting antenna can be sent out
Stronger signal is penetrated, receiving antenna can obtain stronger signal, and scanning accuracy is enhanced.Every a line transmitting antenna includes more
A transmitting antenna, every a line receiving antenna include multiple receiving antennas.In this way, multirow transmitting antenna successively emits millimeter magnitude
Radiated wave completes single pass, substantially increases scan efficiency, and the human body area of single pass covering increases, and improves scanning speed
Degree.In the present embodiment, the electromagnetic wave signal of transmitting antenna transmitting can be encoded, so that predetermined receive connecing for its signal
Receiving the signal that antenna receives can be identified and decode for use in image is generated.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a kind of human body safety check equipment is also provided, including one or more above-mentioned dilute
Dredge multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement.If Figure 11 shows a kind of schematic diagram of human body safety check equipment, human body safety check equipment includes first dilute
Multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 100 and the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200 are dredged, wherein the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array
Arrangement and the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement are relatively arranged to limit the inspection for implementing human body safety check therebetween
Space S.First sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 100 and the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement are configured to vertical
It is translated along the vertical direction in plane to implement to scan.For example, the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 100 is vertical where it
In plane from top to bottom, the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200 is swept in perpendicular at it from bottom to top respectively
It retouches.
It should be noted that the sparse multiple-input multiple-output array of only one first arrangement 100 also can due to the design of arc
Complete human body safety check.
After the scanning for completing entire human body, complete scattering field data is obtained, is then communicated to data processing unit, benefit
It is rebuild with Holographic Algorithm, forms tested human body image.Finally, image transmitting is shown to operator to such as display unit
Member's observation.
In another embodiment, as shown in figure 14, human body safety check equipment includes the first frame 101, and first is sparse multiple
Array arrangements 100 of receiving on the first frame 101 more, so as to move up and down on the first frame 101.Human body safety check equipment
Including the second frame 201, the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200 is on the second frame 201, so as in the second frame
It is moved up and down on frame 201.
Specifically, as shown in figure 15, the first track-type facilities 104 can be set on the first frame 101, first is sparse multiple
Array arrangements 100 of receiving are connected to first track-type facilities 104 in a manner of it can slide so as to along described first more
Track-type facilities 104 are mobile to carry out the first scanning to object to be measured (human body)；The second guide rail can be set on second frame 201
Device 204, the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200 are connected to the second guide rail dress in a manner of it can slide
204 are set so as to move along second track-type facilities 204 to carry out the second scanning to the object (human body) to be measured.
First track-type facilities 104 and second track-type facilities 204 can be parallel to each other.
Human body safety check equipment may include driving device 400, for driving the described first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement
100 move and/or drive the described second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200 along institute along first track-type facilities 104
It is mobile to state the second track-type facilities 204.Human body safety check equipment can also include restraint device, and the restraint device is for constraining institute
State the movement relation of the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 100 and the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200 so that
The first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 100 and the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200 can only be along opposite
Direction it is mobile.In one embodiment, the restraint device is to the described first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 100 and institute
The positional relationship for stating the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200 is constrained so that the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array
Arrangement 100 and the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200 can only move at an equal rate.Specifically, the constraint
Device is the sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 100 of connection described first and the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200
The connecting line band 300 of rigidity.First track-type facilities 104 are equipped with the first fixed pulley 103, second track-type facilities 204
Equipped with the second fixed pulley 203, the connecting line band successively passes through first from the described first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 100
Fixed pulley 103 and the second fixed pulley 203 are connected to the described second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200.
In another embodiment, as shown in figure 16, human body safety check equipment includes the first frame 101, and first is sparse multiple more
Array arrangement 100 is received on the first frame 101, so as to move up and down on the first frame 101.Human body safety check equipment packet
The second frame 201 is included, the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200 is on the second frame 201, so as in the second frame
It is moved up and down on 201.The first track-type facilities 104, the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement can be set on first frame 101
100 are connected to first track-type facilities 104 in a manner of it can slide so as to along first track-type facilities 104
It is mobile to be scanned with carrying out first to object to be measured (human body)；The second track-type facilities 204 can be set on second frame 201, it is described
Second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200 be connected in a manner of it can slide second track-type facilities 204 so as to
It moves along second track-type facilities 204 to carry out the second scanning to the object (human body) to be measured.Driving device includes straight
Connect the first driving device 401 for driving the described first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 100, the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output
Array arrangement 100 is connected to the first track-type facilities 104 by first driving device.The driving device includes directly driving institute
State the second driving device 402 of the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200, the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement
200 are connected to the second track-type facilities 204 by the second driving device.By this arrangement, the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array cloth
Set 100 and second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200 can be independently controlled, such as both moving direction can be identical
Or on the contrary, movement speed can be identical or different.In the present embodiment, be not provided with such as first pulley and second pulley and
The restraint device of the connecting line band 300 of rigidity.
In the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 100 and the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200 together to be measured
During the entire process of object is scanned, the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 100 and described second sparse multiple more
It receives different at the time of 200 transmitting millimeter wave of array arrangement.For example, when scanning is commenced, the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement
100 are taken place frequently by most high frequency to minimum by lowest frequency to most high-frequency emission millimeter wave, the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200
Penetrate millimeter wave；Alternatively, the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200 is by lowest frequency to most high frequency, the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output
Array arrangement 100 is by most high frequency to lowest frequency.In the present embodiment, the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 100 and second is dilute
Dredging multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200 can individually scan, and the scanning signal of the two is used to form the image of human body.
Human body safety check equipment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure further includes processor or controller, for controlling driving dress
It sets and is also used to handle the millimeter-wave signal received to implement scan operation the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array is arranged 100 Hes
The image on the millimeter wave echo signal processing adult body surface of the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200, can be also used for connecing
Receive externally input instruction etc..
When carrying out safety check to human body such as passenger etc. using the human body safety check equipment of the disclosure, it is only necessary to which human body rests on
In human body safety check equipment, i.e., the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 100 and the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200 it
Between, the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 100 and the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement 200 are scanned simultaneously or are swept respectively
The side of human body is retouched, resulting signal then will be scanned and is sent to processor or controller, is carried out by processor or controller
Image procossing forms the image of human body, and completion conveniently checks.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, it also provides a kind of using such as above-mentioned sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement pair
The method of human body examinations.
Although some embodiments of this totality inventional idea have been shown and have illustrated, those of ordinary skill in the art will be managed
Solution can make a change these embodiments, the disclosure in the case where principle and spirit without departing substantially from this totality inventional idea
Range with claim and they equivalent limit.
Claims (25)
1. a kind of sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement for active millimeter wave safety check imaging, including for emitting millimeter wave
One group of transmitting antenna and for receive by one group of transmitting antenna transmitting by human body reflect millimeter wave one group of reception day
Line；
Wherein, one group of transmitting antenna includes in cambered surface along multiple transmitting antennas of the first arc arrangement, one group of reception
Antenna includes along multiple receiving antennas of the second arc arrangement in cambered surface, and arranging along the first arc for one group of transmitting antenna is more
A transmitting antenna is parallel to multiple receiving antennas arrangement along the arrangement of the second arc of one group of receiving antenna, and arranges along the first arc
It arranges one group of transmitting antenna to be spaced apart with along the second arc arrangement one group of receiving antenna, and is located at same cambered surface；
Wherein, the equal arc of the second arc corresponding with the interval arc length between two adjacent transmitting antennas that the first arc arranges
At least one receiving antenna is arranged in long range.
2. sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement according to claim 1, wherein at least one transmitting antenna and at least one
Receiving antenna be aligned so that line between the two perpendicular to one group of transmitting antenna the first arc or one group of reception day
Second arc of line；Alternatively, one group of transmitting day described in the line out of plumb of any one transmitting antenna and any one receiving antenna
Second arc of the first arc of line or one group of receiving antenna.
3. sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement according to claim 1, wherein coming for one group of transmitting antenna is first
Transmitting antenna and one group of receiving antenna the line come between first receiving antenna perpendicular to one group of transmitting
Second arc of the first arc of antenna or one group of receiving antenna；Or
One group of transmitting antenna come first transmitting antenna and one group of receiving antenna come first reception day
Line between line is not orthogonal to the first arc of one group of transmitting antenna or the second arc of one group of receiving antenna.
4. sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement according to claim 1, wherein a transmitting of one group of transmitting antenna
The midpoint of one line is counted as this in hithermost corresponding multiple receiving antennas of antenna and one group of receiving antenna
The virtual displaced phase center of a pair of of transmitting antenna-receiving antenna, the distance between adjacent displaced phase center are radiation
0.3 to 0.7 times of the wavelength of wave.
5. sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement according to claim 4, wherein between adjacent displaced phase center away from
Half from the wavelength for radiated wave.
6. sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement according to claim 4, wherein along two adjacent hairs of the first arc arrangement
It penetrates the interval between antenna and is corresponded in the second arc in range and arrange at least one receiving antenna.
7. sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement according to claim 6, wherein the multiple transmitting antenna is with radiated wave
The distance interval of the integral multiple not less than 2 of wavelength is opened, and the multiple receiving antenna is with the distance of the wavelength of one times of radiated wave
It is spaced apart.
8. sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement according to claim 6, plurality of transmitting antenna is with 2 times, 3 times, 4 times, 5
Times or the distance interval of wavelength of 6 times of radiated wave open.
9. sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement according to claim 4, wherein the multiple transmitting antenna is divided into multiple hairs
Antenna sets are penetrated, the wavelength of the radiated wave at one times or more times of interval, adjacent hair between the transmitting antenna in same transmission antenna group
Penetrate the integral multiple for being not less than 2 for the wavelength that the distance being spaced between antenna sets is radiated wave.
10. sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement according to claim 4, wherein the interval between the multiple transmitting antenna
The wavelength of radiated wave of the distance greater than one times, the multiple receiving antenna is with the distance interval of the wavelength of the radiated wave greater than one times
It opens；Also, total quantity of the multiple transmitting antenna is not identical and relatively prime as the total quantity of the multiple receiving antenna.
11. sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement according to claim 4, wherein adjacent transmitting antenna with it is corresponding
Multiple displaced phase centers that receiving antenna determines are not overlapped；And
The multiple displaced phase centers of transmitting antenna-receiving antenna pair are sequentially arranged in a row or multipair adjacent transmitting day
The multiple displaced phase centers of line-receiving antenna pair are at least partly alternately arranged on a row.
12. sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement according to claim 1, wherein one group of transmitting antenna described in the first arc and the
The distance spaced apart of one group of receiving antenna described in two arcs is less than the 10% of image-forming range.
13. sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement according to claim 1, further includes control switch, for controlling described one
Group transmitting antenna successively emits millimeter wave.
14. sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the head of one group of transmitting antenna described in the first arc
The first receiving antenna of one group of receiving antenna described in a transmitting antenna and the second arc, which misplaces, to be arranged.
15. sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement according to claim 4, be configured to: one group of transmitting antenna being capable of edge
Multiple transmitting antennas of first arc arrangement successively emit the scanning that radiated wave completes one group of transmitting antenna, multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement
It can be displaced along the orthogonal direction in the direction of the first arc with one group of transmitting antenna and be gradually completing human body two-dimensional scanning, and
It can complete to be imaged based on the synthetic aperture Holographic Algorithm of Fourier transformation.
16. sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement according to claim 15, is configured to the synthesis hole based on Fourier transformation
Diameter Holographic Algorithm once completes image reconstruction, imaging formula to correct imaging region are as follows:
Wherein, σ (x, y) is the scattering coefficient of human body, R0It is image-forming range, FT2DFor two-dimensional Fourier transform,For two-dimentional Fu
In leaf inverse transformation, j is imaginary unit, and k is propagation constant, kx、kyIt is space propagation constant respectively；
The echo-signal of human body is received for a pair of of transmitting antenna-receiving antenna combination；KωFor the space frequency of stepped frequency radar
Rate；For a point target in target area, I indicates to be located at I (xn, yn) at scattering point target, define I and transmitting day
Line AtDistance be RT, n, I and receiving antenna ArBetween distance be RR, n。
17. a kind of sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement for active millimeter wave safety check imaging, including being arranged in cambered surface
It the transmitting antenna that arrange for the multirow arranged in parallel that launch wavelength is millimeter wave along camber line and is reflected for reception by human body
Wavelength be millimeter wave the receiving antenna that is arranged along camber line of multirow arranged in parallel, each arc transmitting antenna includes multiple transmittings
Antenna, each arc receiving antenna include multiple receiving antennas；
The multirow is parallel to the receiving antenna that the multirow is arranged along camber line along the transmitting antenna that camber line arranges；The multirow edge
The transmitting antenna and the multirow of camber line arrangement are separated from each other along the receiving antenna that camber line arranges；
Wherein, a line transmitting antenna and multirow of the multirow in the transmitting antenna that camber line arranges are along the receiving antenna that camber line arranges
A line receiving antenna constitute sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement as described in claim 1.
18. a kind of human body safety check equipment, including one or more sparse more as described in any one of claim 1-16 or 17
Hair receives array arrangement.
19. human body safety check equipment as claimed in claim 18, wherein any one of one or more claim 1-16 or 17
The sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement includes the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement and the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array cloth
It sets, wherein the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement and the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement are relatively arranged so as in the two
Between limit the inspection space for implementing human body safety check, and the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement and the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output
Array arrangement be configured in the vertical direction upper and lower translation to implement to scan.
20. human body safety check equipment as claimed in claim 19, wherein human body safety check equipment further include:
First frame, the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array are arranged on the first frame and can move up and down on the first frame；With,
Second frame, the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array are arranged on the second frame and can move up and down on the second frame；
Wherein, the first track-type facilities are set on the first frame, and the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement is in a manner of it can slide
First track-type facilities are connected to so as to move along first track-type facilities to carry out the first scanning to human body；The
Second track-type facilities are set on two frames, and the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement is connected to institute in a manner of it can slide
The second track-type facilities are stated so as to move along second track-type facilities to carry out the second scanning to human body.
21. human body safety check equipment as claimed in claim 20, wherein human body safety check equipment further include:
Driving device, for drive the described first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement to move along first track-type facilities and/
Or the sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement of driving described second is moved along second track-type facilities；With
Restraint device, the restraint device for constraining, arrange and described second is sparse more by the described first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array
The hair movement relations for receiving array arrangement so that the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array is arranged and described second is sparse multiple more more
Receiving array arrangement can only move in opposite direction.
22. human body safety check equipment as claimed in claim 21, wherein the restraint device is that connection described first is sparse multiple
The connecting line band of the rigidity for receiving array arrangement and the described second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement more；
Wherein, first track-type facilities are equipped with the first fixed pulley, and second track-type facilities are equipped with the second fixed pulley, the company
Wiring band is successively connected to by the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley described from the described first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement
Second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement.
23. human body safety check equipment as claimed in claim 20, wherein human body safety check equipment includes: first driving device, directly
The described first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement is driven, the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array is arranged through first driving device
It is connected to the first track-type facilities；With, the second driving device, the described second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement is directly driven, it is described
Second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array is arranged through the second driving device and is connected to the second track-type facilities.
24. human body safety check equipment as claimed in claim 19, wherein the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement by lowest frequency to
Most high-frequency emission millimeter wave, the second sparse multiple-input multiple-output array are arranged by most high frequency to lowest frequency millimeter wave, alternatively, second is sparse
Multiple-input multiple-output array arrangement by lowest frequency to most high-frequency emission millimeter wave, the first sparse multiple-input multiple-output array arrange by most high frequency to
Lowest frequency millimeter wave.
25. a kind of human body safety check method implemented using human body safety check equipment described in any one of claim 18-24.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811654154.7A CN109799545A (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Multiple-input multiple-output aerial array arrangement, human body safety check equipment and human body safety check method for active millimeter wave safety check imaging |
| EP19817109.2A EP3647826A4 (en) | 2018-08-17 | 2019-08-15 | Multiple-transmitting multiple-receiving antenna array arrangement for active millimeter wave security inspection imaging, and human body security inspection device and method |
| JP2020571671A JP7181319B2 (en) | 2018-08-17 | 2019-08-15 | Multiple transmit/receive antenna array arrangement used for active millimeter wave security inspection imaging, human body security inspection apparatus and method |
| PCT/CN2019/100787 WO2020035023A1 (en) | 2018-08-17 | 2019-08-15 | Multiple-transmitting multiple-receiving antenna array arrangement for active millimeter wave security inspection imaging, and human body security inspection device and method |
| BR112020027061-0A BR112020027061A2 (en) | 2018-08-17 | 2019-08-15 | MULTIPLE TRANSMISSION AND MULTIPLE RECEPTIONS ANTENNA MATRIX ARRANGEMENT, AND SAFETY INSPECTION APPLIANCE IN THE HUMAN BODY |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811654154.7A CN109799545A (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Multiple-input multiple-output aerial array arrangement, human body safety check equipment and human body safety check method for active millimeter wave safety check imaging |
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| CN109799545A true CN109799545A (en) | 2019-05-24 |
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