CN109798764B - Environment-friendly energy-saving combustion equipment and process for preheating matched scrap steel pressing blocks - Google Patents
Environment-friendly energy-saving combustion equipment and process for preheating matched scrap steel pressing blocks Download PDFInfo
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- CN109798764B CN109798764B CN201910182805.5A CN201910182805A CN109798764B CN 109798764 B CN109798764 B CN 109798764B CN 201910182805 A CN201910182805 A CN 201910182805A CN 109798764 B CN109798764 B CN 109798764B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 21
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses environment-friendly energy-saving combustion equipment and technology for preheating matched scrap steel press blocks, wherein the environment-friendly energy-saving combustion equipment comprises a preheating furnace body and a preheating furnace trolley, the preheating furnace trolley runs on a track paved by the preheating furnace body, and the scrap steel press blocks are piled on the preheating furnace trolley; the preheating furnace body is divided into two sections, namely a preheating section A and a heating and heat preserving section B, and the preheating furnace body of the preheating section A and the heating and heat preserving section B is provided with a gas heat accumulating type burner, an air heat accumulating type burner and an ignition burner. According to the environment-friendly energy-saving combustion equipment and the environment-friendly energy-saving combustion process for preheating the matched scrap steel pressing block, the high-temperature air extraction type residual oxygen analyzer is arranged, so that the complete volatilization and combustion of high-temperature organic matters can be ensured, the furnace temperature detection thermocouple is effectively matched with the air and gas heat supply regulating valve, and the stable or slight fluctuation of the temperature in a set range is ensured; and a furnace pressure detection micro differential pressure transmitter and a smoke discharge regulating valve are installed, so that the furnace pressure is automatically regulated in real time, and the combustion stability is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steelmaking, in particular to environment-friendly energy-saving combustion equipment and technology for preheating a matched scrap steel pressing block.
Background
If the scrap steel briquettes are preheated to 700-800 ℃ and then added into a converter or an electric furnace, not only can the moisture and organic waste in the scrap steel be removed sufficiently, but also the gas content in the molten steel can be reduced, and powerful conditions are provided for the subsequent refining process stage; and the smelting time can be shortened, so that the oxidation of the scrap steel in the furnace is reduced, the discharged smoke dust amount is greatly reduced, the operation load of dust removing equipment is reduced, and the method has good environmental protection and energy saving benefits.
Since the scrap steel briquette inevitably contains a small amount of organic matters, for example: paint, grease, plastics and the like, particularly some scrap steel briquettes made of light and thin materials can contain more paint and the like, and in order to save fuel and reduce the exhaust gas temperature, a long non-heat-supply section or an air heat exchanger is required to be configured by adopting a conventional combustion technology, so that two problems can be caused, on one hand, various organic matters cannot be completely combusted, and a large amount of organic matters are volatilized in a non-heat-supply section and then discharged into the atmosphere along with a chimney or are adhered to the wall surface of the heat exchanger along with mixed dust, so that heat exchange is affected; on the other hand, gaseous organic matters in the flue gas can form a small amount of highly toxic matters such as dioxin at a low temperature section, so that the atmospheric environment can be seriously polluted, and an effective low-cost flue gas purifying treatment system does not exist at present; based on the above, an environment-friendly energy-saving combustion device and a process for preheating the matched scrap steel pressing block are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide environment-friendly and energy-saving combustion equipment and process for preheating a matched scrap steel pressing block, so as to solve the problem that a small amount of organic matters contained in the scrap steel pressing block are burnt to generate extremely toxic substances to pollute the atmosphere in the treatment process of the scrap steel pressing block in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the environment-friendly energy-saving combustion equipment for preheating the matched scrap steel pressing blocks comprises a preheating furnace body and a preheating furnace trolley, wherein the preheating furnace trolley runs on a track set in the preheating furnace body, the preheating furnace body and a preheating furnace table workshop are provided with a preheating furnace matched combustion system, and the scrap steel pressing blocks are piled on the preheating furnace trolley; the preheating furnace body is divided into two sections, namely a preheating section A and a heating and heat preserving section B, and a gas heat accumulating type burner, an air heat accumulating type burner and an ignition burner are arranged at the upper parts of the two side walls of the preheating furnace body of the preheating section A and the heating and heat preserving section B; a first air-gas heat accumulating type burner nozzle and an air-gas horizontal combustion channel are arranged in the preheating furnace body of the preheating section A, the air-gas horizontal combustion channel enables air-gas to burn to form horizontal flame, a second air-gas heat accumulating type burner nozzle and an air-gas inclined combustion channel are arranged in the preheating furnace body of the heating heat preservation section B, and the air-gas inclined combustion channel enables air-gas to form inclined flame when burning; the matched combustion system of the preheating furnace is composed of an air side induced draft fan, a coal gas side induced draft fan, an air and coal gas heat supply regulating valve, a combustion-supporting blower, a coal gas main pipe, a coal gas two-position three-way reversing valve and an air two-position three-way reversing valve as main bodies; three air pipelines at the outlet end of the combustion-supporting blower are correspondingly connected with three air regulating valves M on the air and gas heat supply regulating valves and then are connected with each air two-position three-way reversing valve, three gas pipelines at the outlet end of the gas main pipe are correspondingly connected with three gas regulating valves M on the air and gas heat supply regulating valves and then are connected with each gas two-position three-way reversing valve, the inlet end of the air side induced draft fan is connected with each air two-position three-way reversing valve through an air smoke pipeline, and the inlet end of the gas side induced draft fan is connected with each gas two-position three-way reversing valve through a coal smoke pipeline; and smoke discharging regulating valves are respectively arranged on the air smoke pipeline connected with the air side induced draft fan and each air two-position three-way reversing valve and the coal smoke pipeline connected with the coal gas side induced draft fan and each coal gas two-position three-way reversing valve.
Preferably, the preheating furnace trolley adopts a strip rectangular structure.
Preferably, the heating sections of the preheating section A and the heating and heat preserving section B and the heat preserving section of the heating and heat preserving section B are respectively provided with 1-2 sets of high-temperature air extraction type residual oxygen analyzers at the top of the preheating furnace body, a set of furnace pressure detection differential pressure transmitters is configured, the heating sections of the preheating section A and the heating and heat preserving section B and the heat preserving section of the heating and heat preserving section B are respectively provided with 6-9 furnace temperature detection thermocouples at the top and the two sides of the preheating furnace body, and the high-temperature air extraction type residual oxygen analyzers, the furnace pressure detection differential pressure transmitters and the furnace temperature detection thermocouples are all positioned on the central line of the preheating furnace body.
Preferably, the furnace top of the preheating furnace body is built by adopting a full-fiber structure, the side wall of the preheating furnace body is built by adopting a high-alumina brick building and heat insulation material structure, and the height between the furnace top of the preheating furnace body and the scrap steel pressing block is 1.4m-1.8 m.
Preferably, the gas regenerative burner, the air regenerative burner, the first air gas regenerative burner nozzle and the second air gas regenerative burner nozzle are built at the set position of the side wall of the preheating furnace body by adopting a composite structure of low-cement casting materials.
Preferably, the scrap steel pressing blocks are piled on the preheating furnace trolley according to a set distribution mode.
Preferably, the air heat accumulating type burner and the gas heat accumulating type burner adopt an upper and lower combined structure, and the air heat accumulating type burner and the gas heat accumulating type burner are arranged on two side walls of the preheating furnace body in an asymmetric staggered mode.
Preferably, the air flow intersection angle of the first air-gas heat accumulating type burner nozzle of the preheating section A is horizontal, the flame is in a horizontal state, the upper burner of the first air-gas heat accumulating type burner nozzle is a gas heat accumulating burner, the lower burner is an air heat accumulating burner, the air flow intersection angle of the heating section of the heating heat preserving section B and the air flow intersection angle of the second air-gas heat accumulating type burner nozzle of the heat preserving section B are inclined downwards, the nozzles correspond to the gap of the scrap steel pressing block, the upper burner is an air heat accumulating burner, and the lower burner is a gas heat accumulating burner.
The invention provides an environment-friendly energy-saving combustion process for preheating a matched scrap steel pressing block, which comprises the following steps of:
S1: piling the scrap steel briquettes on a trolley of the preheating furnace according to a set material distribution mode, feeding one trolley from a charging end of the preheating furnace and discharging one trolley from a discharging end according to a set discharging rhythm trolley, and realizing cyclic charging and discharging;
S2: the air regenerative burner and the gas regenerative burner of the preheating section are ignited by the ignition burner, the cold steel scrap briquettes just entering the furnace are heated, flame is controlled above the steel scrap briquettes to ensure stable combustion, the full combustion of volatile matters on the surfaces of the steel scrap briquettes is facilitated, and the furnace temperature of the preheating section is controlled to be 850-950 ℃;
S3: the air heat accumulating type burner and the gas heat accumulating type burner of the heating heat preservation section B are heated, flame sprayed out by the air heat accumulating type burner and the gas heat accumulating type burner passes through a scrap steel briquetting gap in an inclined manner through an air-gas inclined combustion channel at a high speed, and the furnace temperature of the heating heat preservation section B is controlled to be 800-950 ℃ so that the surface temperature of the scrap steel briquetting is quickly increased to 800-850 ℃;
S4: after the temperature is raised in the step S3, the temperature of the surface and a certain depth of the scrap steel pressing block basically reaches more than 800 ℃, when the central temperature of the scrap steel pressing block is between 250 and 400 ℃, the gas heat accumulating type burner is controlled to reduce the gas transportation, the temperature is downwards regulated to 800 to 900 ℃, the air heat accumulating type burner is controlled to reduce the air transportation, the air excess coefficient in the furnace is reduced, so that extremely weak oxidizing or reducing atmosphere is formed in the furnace, and the oxidation burning loss of the scrap steel pressing block is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the environment-friendly energy-saving combustion equipment and the environment-friendly energy-saving combustion process for preheating the matched scrap steel pressing blocks, the high-temperature air extraction type residual oxygen analyzer monitors the residual oxygen content of the flue gas in the furnace in real time, ensures a certain residual oxygen proportion in the flue gas, ensures complete volatilization and combustion of high-temperature organic matters, effectively cooperates with an air and gas heat supply regulating valve, and ensures that the heating sections of the preheating section A and the heating and heat preservation section B and the heat preservation section of the heating and heat preservation section B are stable or slightly fluctuated within a set range; the furnace temperature of the heating and heat preserving section B is set to be above 850 ℃ and the heat accumulating type combustion is characterized in that the air and gas heat accumulating type burners are arranged in an asymmetric dislocation way, so that the synthesis of the highly toxic substance dioxin can be blocked; the gas two-position three-way reversing valve and the air two-position three-way reversing valve are adopted, only two groups of burners are used for reversing combustion during reversing, the influence on the furnace pressure is small, a furnace pressure detection micro-differential pressure transmitter and a smoke discharging regulating valve are arranged, and the furnace pressure is automatically regulated in real time according to a furnace pressure feedback signal so as to ensure the stability of combustion; the whole combustion stability is good, the organic matters can be completely combusted, and the combustion can be prevented from generating extremely toxic matters such as dioxin.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of a preheating furnace body according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a preheating section A according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heating and insulating section B of the invention;
Fig. 4 is a diagram of a combustion control system according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a preheating furnace body; 2. preheating a furnace trolley; 3. briquetting waste steel; 4. gas heat accumulating burner; 5. air heat accumulating type burner; 6. igniting a burner; 7. the first air gas heat accumulating type burner nozzle; 8. an air-gas horizontal combustion channel; 9. the second air gas heat accumulating type burner nozzle; 10. an air-gas inclined combustion channel; 11. an air side induced draft fan; 12. a gas side induced draft fan; 13. an air/gas heat supply regulating valve; 14. a combustion-supporting blower; 15. a gas main pipe; 16. a gas two-position three-way reversing valve; 17. an air two-position three-way reversing valve; 18. a smoke discharge regulating valve; 19. a high temperature air extraction type residual oxygen analyzer; 20. a furnace pressure detection micro differential pressure transmitter; 21. and detecting the furnace temperature by using a thermocouple.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, an environment-friendly energy-saving combustion device for preheating matched steel scrap press blocks comprises a preheating furnace body 1 and a preheating furnace trolley 2, wherein the preheating furnace trolley 2 runs on a track set in the preheating furnace body 1, a preheating furnace matched combustion system is assembled between the preheating furnace body 1 and the preheating furnace trolley 2, the steel scrap press blocks 3 are piled on the preheating furnace trolley 2, the preheating furnace trolley 2 adopts a strip rectangular structure, the steel scrap press blocks 3 are piled on the preheating furnace trolley 2 according to a set distribution mode, the steel scrap press blocks 3 are convenient to detach, the furnace top of the preheating furnace body 1 is built by adopting a full-fiber structure, the side wall of the preheating furnace body 1 is built by adopting a high-alumina brick plus heat insulation material structure, the height between the furnace top of the preheating furnace body 1 and the piled steel scrap press blocks 3 is 1.4m-1.8m, and the formed space is the combustion space; the preheating furnace body 1 is divided into two sections, namely a preheating section A and a heating and heat preserving section B, and a gas heat accumulating burner 4, an air heat accumulating burner 5 and an ignition burner 6 are arranged at the upper parts of the two side walls of the preheating furnace body 1 of the preheating section A and the heating and heat preserving section B; a first air-gas heat accumulating type burner nozzle 7 and an air-gas horizontal combustion channel 8 are arranged in the preheating furnace body 1 of the preheating section A, the air-gas horizontal combustion channel 8 enables air-gas to burn to form horizontal flame, a second air-gas heat accumulating type burner nozzle 9 and an air-gas inclined combustion channel 10 are arranged in the preheating furnace body 1 of the heating heat preserving section B, the air-gas inclined combustion channel 10 enables the air-gas to form inclined flame when being burnt, the air-gas heat accumulating type burner 4, the air heat accumulating type burner 5, the first air-gas heat accumulating type burner nozzle 7 and the second air-gas heat accumulating type burner nozzle 9 are built at a set position of the side wall of the preheating furnace body 1 by adopting a composite structure of low cement pouring materials, the air heat accumulating type burner 5 and the air heat accumulating type burner 4 adopt an upper-lower combined structure, and the air heat accumulating type burner 5 and the air heat accumulating type burner 4 are arranged on two sides of the preheating furnace body 1 in an asymmetric staggered manner; the air flow intersection angle of the first air-gas heat accumulating type burner nozzle 7 of the preheating section A is horizontal, flame is in a horizontal state, the upper burner is a gas heat accumulating burner in an upper-lower combined mode of the air-gas heat accumulating type burner, and the lower burner is an air heat accumulating burner; the air flow intersection angle of the heating section of the heating heat preservation section B and the air flow intersection angle of the second air heat accumulating type burner nozzle 9 of the heating heat preservation section B is inclined downwards, the nozzle corresponds to the gap of the scrap steel pressing block 3, the upper burner is an air heat accumulating burner, and the lower burner is a coal gas heat accumulating burner; the matched combustion system of the preheating furnace is composed of an air side induced draft fan 11, a gas side induced draft fan 12, an air and gas heat supply regulating valve 13, a combustion-supporting blower 14, a gas main pipe 15, a gas two-position three-way reversing valve 16 and an air two-position three-way reversing valve 17 as main bodies; three air pipelines at the outlet end of the combustion-supporting blower 14 are correspondingly connected with three air regulating valves M on the air and gas heat supply regulating valve 13 and then are connected with each air two-position three-way reversing valve 17, three gas pipelines at the outlet end of the gas main pipe 15 are correspondingly connected with three gas regulating valves M on the air and gas heat supply regulating valve 13 and then are connected with each gas two-position three-way reversing valve 16, the inlet end of the air side induced draft fan 11 is connected with each air two-position three-way reversing valve 17 through an air smoke pipeline, and the inlet end of the gas side induced draft fan 12 is connected with each gas two-position three-way reversing valve 16 through a coal smoke pipeline; a smoke discharge regulating valve 18 is arranged on an air smoke pipeline connected with each air two-position three-way reversing valve 17 by the air side induced draft fan 11 and a coal smoke pipeline connected with each coal gas two-position three-way reversing valve 16 by the coal gas side induced draft fan 12; the preheating section A, the heating section of the heating heat preservation section B and the heat preservation section of the heating heat preservation section B are respectively provided with 1-2 sets of high-temperature air extraction type residual oxygen analyzers 19 at the top of the preheating furnace body 1, a set of furnace pressure detection differential pressure transmitters 20 are arranged, 6-9 furnace temperature detection thermocouples 21 are respectively arranged at the top and two sides of the preheating furnace body 1 where the heating section of the heating heat preservation section A and the heat preservation section B are positioned, and the high-temperature air extraction type residual oxygen analyzers 19, the furnace pressure detection differential pressure transmitters 20 and the furnace top furnace temperature detection thermocouples 21 are all positioned on the central line of the preheating furnace body 1; the high-temperature air extraction type residual oxygen analyzer 19 is arranged, the residual oxygen amount of the flue gas in the furnace is monitored in real time, a certain residual oxygen proportion in the flue gas is ensured, the high-temperature organic matters are ensured to volatilize and burn completely, the furnace temperature detection thermocouple 21 is effectively matched with the air and gas heat supply regulating valve 13, and the heating section of the preheating section A, the heating and heat preservation section B and the heat preservation section of the heating and heat preservation section B can be ensured to be stable or slightly fluctuated within a set range.
An environment-friendly energy-saving combustion process for preheating a matched scrap steel pressing block comprises the following steps:
The first step: the preheating furnace adopts a continuous production mode, and the operation mechanism of the trolley is similar to the kiln car operation control mechanism of the tunnel kiln. Piling the scrap steel briquettes 3 on the preheating furnace trolley 2 according to a set material distribution mode outside the furnace to prepare for charging, wherein the preheating furnace trolley 2 adopts a strip rectangular structure, so that the scrap steel briquettes 3 are piled on the preheating furnace trolley 2 according to the set material distribution mode, and the trolley is simultaneously fed from a charging end of the preheating furnace to a discharging end according to a set discharging rhythm, thereby realizing cyclic charging and discharging;
And a second step of: the trolley enters the furnace through a pressed furnace door, the air regenerative burner 5 and the coal gas regenerative burner 4 of the preheating section heat the scrap steel pressing block 3 on the trolley, because the scrap steel pressing block 3 which just enters the furnace is at normal temperature, in order to ensure stable combustion of the regenerative burner, flame is controlled above the scrap steel pressing block 3, the flame directly washes the scrap steel pressing block 3, meanwhile, the furnace temperature at the upper part of the preheating section is controlled at 850-950 ℃, through the combustion, the organic matters such as paint, grease and the like contained on the surface of the scrap steel pressing block 3 can be gasified and volatilized, and the volatilized organic matters can be quickly burnt out through oxygen-enriched combustion (the air proportion is improved by adjusting the air and coal gas heat supply regulating valve 13). The air heat accumulating type burner 5 and the coal gas heat accumulating type burner 4 of the preheating section are ignited through the ignition burner 6, the cold-state steel scrap pressing block 3 which is just fed into the furnace is heated, flame is controlled above the steel scrap pressing block 3 to ensure stable combustion, the sufficient combustion of volatile matters on the surface of the steel scrap pressing block 3 is facilitated, and the furnace temperature of the preheating section is controlled to 850-950 ℃;
And a third step of: according to the production rhythm requirement, the trolley carrying the preheated scrap steel pressing block 3 sequentially enters a heating and heat-preserving section B, flames sprayed by the air heat accumulating type burner 5 and the coal gas heat accumulating type burner 4 of the section obliquely pass through gaps of the scrap steel pressing block 3 at a high speed, the furnace temperature of the heating and heat-preserving section B is controlled at 800-950 ℃, the scrap steel pressing block 3 absorbs heat and heats up rapidly under a higher temperature difference (the temperature difference between the scrap steel pressing block 3 and the temperature in the furnace), the surface temperature of the scrap steel pressing block 3 rises to 800-850 ℃ rapidly, the inner and outer sides of the scrap steel pressing block 3 form a larger temperature difference rapidly, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved; because organic matters still exist on the surface of the scrap steel pressing block 3 to volatilize, oxygen-enriched combustion is still adopted for combustion, the volatilized organic matters are rapidly burnt to be completely used for heating the air heat accumulating type burner 5 and the coal gas heat accumulating type burner 4 of the heat preserving section B, flames sprayed by the air heat accumulating type burner 5 and the coal gas heat accumulating type burner 4 pass through gaps of the scrap steel pressing block 3 at high speed in an inclined manner through an air-gas inclined combustion channel 10, and the furnace temperature of the heat preserving section B is controlled to be 800-950 ℃, so that the surface temperature of the scrap steel pressing block 3 is rapidly increased to 800-850 ℃;
Fourth step: after the temperature is raised in the third step, the temperature of the surface and a certain depth of the waste steel pressing block 3 basically reaches more than 800 ℃, when the central temperature of the waste steel pressing block 3 is between 250 and 400 ℃, the organic matters contained in the waste steel pressing block 3 are basically burnt and volatilized completely, and simultaneously the heat absorption capacity of the waste steel pressing block 3 is rapidly reduced; because 800 ℃ is the starting point of rapid oxidation burning loss of steel billets, the specific surface area of the scrap steel briquettes 3 is large, so that the oxidation burning loss of the scrap steel briquettes 3 is reduced, the gas heat accumulating type burner 4 is controlled to reduce gas transportation, the heat supply capacity of the burner is greatly reduced, the furnace temperature is reduced to 800-900 ℃, the air heat accumulating type burner 5 is controlled to reduce air transportation, the air excess coefficient in the furnace is reduced, extremely weak oxidizing or reducing atmosphere is formed in the furnace, and the oxidation burning loss of the scrap steel briquettes 3 is reduced; the heat supply capacity of the burner is reduced, the temperature in the furnace is maintained at 800-900 ℃, under the condition that the surface temperature of the scrap steel briquette 3 is unchanged, the central temperature of the scrap steel briquette 3 is increased as much as possible, after the temperature of the surface and a certain depth of the scrap steel briquette 3 is increased by the third step, the temperature of the surface and a certain depth of the scrap steel briquette 3 basically reaches more than 800 ℃, when the central temperature of the scrap steel briquette 3 is also between 250-400 ℃, the gas heat accumulating burner 4 is controlled to reduce gas transportation, the temperature is reduced to 800-900 ℃, the air heat accumulating burner 5 is controlled to reduce air transportation, the air excess coefficient in the furnace is reduced, extremely weak oxidizing or reducing atmosphere is formed in the furnace, and the oxidation burning loss of the scrap steel briquette 3 is reduced.
According to the environment-friendly energy-saving combustion equipment and process for preheating the matched scrap steel briquettes, 1-2 sets of high-temperature air extraction type residual oxygen analyzers 19 are arranged on the top of a preheating furnace body 1 where a heating section of a preheating section A, a heating and heat-preserving section B and a heat-preserving section of the heating and heat-preserving section B are positioned, so that the residual oxygen content of flue gas in the furnace is monitored in real time, a certain residual oxygen proportion in the flue gas is ensured, and the complete volatilization and combustion of high-temperature organic matters is ensured; in the preheating section A, the air regenerative burner 5 and the gas regenerative burner 4 are horizontally sprayed into the furnace, the air regenerative burner 5 is arranged below, the gas regenerative burner 4 is arranged above, so that the volatile matters of the organic matters are efficiently and comprehensively contacted with high-temperature combustion air, the outlet flow rate of the first air gas regenerative burner nozzle 7 is low, dispersion combustion is formed in the furnace, the smoke is ensured to stay in the furnace for more than 2s, in the heating and heat preserving section B, the air regenerative burner 5 and the gas regenerative burner 4 are obliquely sprayed into the gap of the scrap steel briquette 3, at the moment, the air regenerative burner 5 is arranged above, and the gas regenerative burner 4 is arranged below to minimize the direct contact between the high-temperature combustion air and the scrap steel briquette 3; because the density, the composition and the ventilation condition of the scrap steel pressing block 3 are uncertain, the heat absorption capacity of each section is also continuously changed, and 6-9 furnace temperature detection thermocouples 21 are respectively arranged on the furnace top and the two sides of the preheating furnace body 1 where the heating section A, the heating section B and the heat preservation section B are positioned, and the furnace temperature detection thermocouples 21 are effectively matched with the air and gas heat supply regulating valve 13 to ensure that the heating section A, the heating section B and the heat preservation section B are stable or slightly fluctuated within a set range; the furnace temperature of the heating and heat preserving section B is set to be above 850 ℃, and the air heat accumulating type burner 5 and the coal gas heat accumulating type burner 4 are arranged in an asymmetric dislocation manner, so that the three meanings are provided: (1) The residence time of the flue gas in the furnace is prolonged, so that the organic matters are fully combusted, and the possibility of synthesizing highly toxic substance dioxin is reduced; (2) The smoke can longitudinally flow in the furnace, so that the heat exchange effect of the scrap steel pressing block 3 is improved; (3) The high-speed combustion products sprayed by the heat accumulating type burner can raise a small amount of ferric oxide and various dust particles are not easily sucked into the burner heat accumulator with the opposite side in a smoke discharging state. Meaning of adopting a heat accumulating combustion mode: (1) According to the dioxin generation condition, the regenerative combustion mode is adopted to effectively prevent the generation of dioxin during smoke discharge, because the high-temperature smoke at 850 ℃ during smoke discharge is quickly cooled to 120-150 ℃ in 1s through the heat accumulator, the smoke is quenched at 850 ℃ similar to the steelmaking smoke of an electric furnace, and the possibility of secondary synthesis of dioxin is blocked; (2) The upper part of the scrap steel pressing block 3 which is fed into the furnace is in a high-temperature environment of about 850 ℃ by adopting a heat accumulating type combustion mode, so that gasified organic matters are rapidly decomposed and combusted in an oxygen-enriched environment. The gas two-position three-way reversing valve 16 and the air two-position three-way reversing valve 17 are adopted, and only two groups of burners are used for reversing combustion during reversing, so that the influence on the furnace pressure is small; a set of furnace pressure detection micro differential pressure transmitter 20 is arranged on the furnace top of the preheating furnace body 1, a smoke discharging adjusting valve 18 is arranged, and the furnace pressure is automatically adjusted in real time according to a furnace pressure feedback signal.
In summary, the environment-friendly energy-saving combustion equipment and the process for preheating the matched scrap steel pressing blocks provided by the invention have the advantages that the high-temperature air extraction type residual oxygen analyzer 19 monitors the residual oxygen content of the flue gas in the furnace in real time, ensures a certain residual oxygen proportion in the flue gas, ensures complete volatilization and combustion of high-temperature organic matters, effectively cooperates the furnace temperature detection thermocouple 21 with the air and gas heat supply regulating valve 13, and ensures that the heating sections of the preheating section A and the heating and heat preservation section B and the heat preservation section of the heating and heat preservation section B are stable or slightly fluctuated within a set range; the furnace temperature of the heating and heat preserving section B is set to be above 850 ℃, and the air heat accumulating type burner 5 and the gas heat accumulating type burner 4 are arranged in an asymmetric dislocation way, so that the synthesis of highly toxic substance dioxin can be prevented; the gas two-position three-way reversing valve 16 and the air two-position three-way reversing valve 17 are adopted, only two groups of burners are used for reversing combustion during reversing, the influence on the furnace pressure is small, the furnace pressure detection micro-differential pressure transmitter 20 and the smoke discharge regulating valve 18 are arranged, and the furnace pressure is automatically regulated in real time according to a furnace pressure feedback signal so as to ensure the stability of combustion; the whole combustion stability is good, the organic matters can be completely combusted, and the generation of severe poison caused by combustion can be prevented.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a supporting steel scrap briquetting preheats environmental protection and energy saving combustion apparatus, includes preheating furnace body (1) and preheating furnace platform truck (2), its characterized in that: the preheating furnace trolley (2) runs on a track set in the preheating furnace body (1), a preheating furnace matched combustion system is arranged between the preheating furnace body (1) and the preheating furnace trolley (2), and scrap steel pressing blocks (3) are piled on the preheating furnace trolley (2); the preheating furnace body (1) is divided into two sections, namely a preheating section A and a heating and heat-preserving section B, and a gas heat accumulating type burner (4), an air heat accumulating type burner (5) and an ignition burner (6) are arranged at the upper parts of the two side walls of the preheating furnace body (1) of the preheating section A and the heating and heat-preserving section B; a first air-gas heat accumulating type burner nozzle (7) and an air-gas horizontal combustion channel (8) are arranged in the preheating furnace body (1) of the preheating section A, the air-gas horizontal combustion channel (8) enables air-gas to burn to form horizontal flame, a second air-gas heat accumulating type burner nozzle (9) and an air-gas inclined combustion channel (10) are arranged in the preheating furnace body (1) of the heating and heat preserving section B, and the air-gas inclined combustion channel (10) enables air-gas to form inclined flame when in combustion; the matched combustion system of the preheating furnace is composed of an air side induced draft fan (11), a gas side induced draft fan (12), an air and gas heat supply regulating valve (13), a combustion-supporting blower (14), a gas main pipe (15), a gas two-position three-way reversing valve (16) and an air two-position three-way reversing valve (17) as main bodies; three air pipelines at the outlet end of the combustion-supporting blower (14) are correspondingly connected with three air regulating valves M on the air and gas heat supply regulating valves (13) and then are connected with each air two-position three-way reversing valve (17), three gas pipelines at the outlet end of the gas main pipe (15) are correspondingly connected with three gas regulating valves M on the air and gas heat supply regulating valves (13) and then are connected with each gas two-position three-way reversing valve (16), the inlet end of the air side induced draft fan (11) is connected with each air two-position three-way reversing valve (17) through an air smoke pipeline, and the inlet end of the gas side induced draft fan (12) is connected with each gas two-position three-way reversing valve (16) through a coal smoke pipeline; a smoke discharging adjusting valve (18) is arranged on an air smoke pipeline connected with each air two-position three-way reversing valve (17) and a coal smoke pipeline connected with each coal gas two-position three-way reversing valve (16) by the air side induced draft fan (11);
The preheating furnace comprises a preheating furnace body (1), wherein a preheating section A, a heating section of a heating and heat preserving section B and a heat preserving section of the heating and heat preserving section B are respectively provided with 1-2 sets of high-temperature air extraction type residual oxygen analyzers (19) at the furnace top of the preheating furnace body (1), a set of furnace pressure detection micro-differential pressure transmitters (20) are arranged, 6-9 furnace temperature detection thermocouples (21) are respectively arranged at the furnace top and the two sides of the preheating furnace body (1) at which the heating section A, the heating section of the heating and heat preserving section B and the heat preserving section B are positioned, and the high-temperature air extraction type residual oxygen analyzers (19), the furnace pressure detection micro-differential pressure transmitters (20) and the furnace temperature detection thermocouples (21) are all positioned on the central line of the preheating furnace body (1);
The gas heat accumulating type burner (4), the air heat accumulating type burner (5), the first air gas heat accumulating type burner nozzle (7) and the second air gas heat accumulating type burner nozzle (9) are built at the set position of the side wall of the preheating furnace body (1) by adopting a composite structure of low-cement casting materials;
The air heat accumulating type burner (5) and the gas heat accumulating type burner (4) adopt an upper-lower combined structure, and the air heat accumulating type burner (5) and the gas heat accumulating type burner (4) are arranged on two side walls of the preheating furnace body (1) in an asymmetric staggered mode;
The air flow intersection angle of a first air-gas heat accumulating type burner nozzle (7) of the preheating section A is horizontal, flame is in a horizontal state, an upper burner of the first air-gas heat accumulating type burner nozzle (7) is a gas heat accumulating burner, a lower burner is an air heat accumulating burner, the air flow intersection angle of a heating section of the heating heat preserving section B and a second air-gas heat accumulating type burner nozzle (9) of the heat preserving section of the heating heat preserving section B is inclined downwards, the nozzles correspond to a gap of a scrap steel pressing block (3), the upper burner is the air heat accumulating burner, and the lower burner is the gas heat accumulating burner.
2. An environmental protection and energy saving combustion apparatus for preheating a supporting scrap steel briquette as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the preheating furnace trolley (2) adopts a strip-shaped rectangular structure.
3. An environmental protection and energy saving combustion apparatus for preheating a supporting scrap steel briquette as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the furnace top of the preheating furnace body (1) is built by adopting a full-fiber structure, the side wall of the preheating furnace body (1) is built by adopting a high-alumina brick building and heat insulation material structure, and the height between the furnace top of the preheating furnace body (1) and the scrap steel pressing block (3) is 1.4m-1.8 m.
4. An environmental protection and energy saving combustion apparatus for preheating a supporting scrap steel briquette as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the scrap steel pressing blocks (3) are piled on the preheating furnace trolley (2) according to a set distribution mode.
5. An environment-friendly energy-saving combustion process for preheating a matched scrap steel pressing block is characterized in that: an environmental protection and energy saving combustion device adopting the matched scrap steel pressing block as defined in claim 1, comprising the following steps:
S1: piling the scrap steel briquettes (3) on a preheating furnace trolley (2) according to a set material distribution mode, feeding one trolley from a charging end of the preheating furnace and discharging one trolley from a discharging end according to a set discharging rhythm trolley, and realizing cyclic charging and discharging;
S2: an air heat accumulating type burner (5) and a gas heat accumulating type burner (4) of a preheating section are ignited by an ignition burner (6), a cold-state steel scrap pressing block (3) which is just fed into the furnace is heated, flame is controlled above the steel scrap pressing block (3) to ensure stable combustion, the sufficient combustion of volatile matters on the surface of the steel scrap pressing block is facilitated, and the furnace temperature of the preheating section is controlled to be 850-950 ℃;
S3: the air regenerative burner (5) and the gas regenerative burner (4) of the heating and heat-preserving section B are heated, flame sprayed out of the air regenerative burner (5) and the gas regenerative burner (4) passes through the gap of the scrap steel pressing block (3) in an inclined manner through an air-gas inclined combustion channel (10), the furnace temperature of the heating and heat-preserving section B is controlled to be 850-950 ℃, and the surface temperature of the scrap steel pressing block (3) is quickly increased to 800-850 ℃;
S4: after the temperature is raised by the S3, the surface and the certain depth of the scrap steel pressing block (3) basically reach more than 800 ℃, when the central temperature of the scrap steel pressing block (3) is between 250 and 400 ℃, the gas heat accumulating type burner (4) is controlled to reduce gas transmission, the temperature is adjusted to 800 to 900 ℃, the air heat accumulating type burner (5) is controlled to reduce air transmission, the air excess coefficient in the furnace is reduced, extremely weak oxidizing or reducing atmosphere is formed in the furnace, and the oxidation burning loss of the scrap steel pressing block (3) is reduced.
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| CN113739569A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-03 | 中合万嘉(北京)建设有限公司 | Preheating method for high-proportion cooperative recycling of scrap steel of ferrous metal material |
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