CN109796973B - Solid luminescent carbon nanodot and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Solid luminescent carbon nanodot and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a solid luminescent carbon nanodot, which is prepared from citric acid and a polyamine-based polymer by a solvothermal method. The invention also provides a preparation method of the solid luminescent carbon nanodot. The solid luminescent carbon nanodot is prepared by a one-step solvothermal method by using citric acid and a polyamine-based polymer as reaction raw materials. The carbon nanodots are solid luminous pure carbon nanodots, and can emit bright fluorescence under the excitation of blue light without any dispersed matrix.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon nanodots, and particularly relates to a solid luminescent carbon nanodot as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Carbon nanodots (CDs) are a new type of luminescent Carbon nanomaterial and are considered as a potential substitute for organic dyes and semiconductor quantum dots due to their good stability, water solubility, photobleaching resistance, and excellent biocompatibility. By virtue of the advantages, the carbon nanodots have wide application prospects in the fields of biological imaging, photoelectric devices, biomarkers, sensing and the like. At present, the carbon nano-dots realize high-efficiency luminescence of blue light and green light bands, and the fluorescence quantum efficiency of the aqueous solution of the carbon nano-dots reaches over 60 percent.
Recently, carbon nanodots, which are a fluorescent material, have been applied to solid state light emitting devices. One of the major problems impeding the application of carbon nanodots is their aggregation-induced luminescence quenching at solid or high concentrations. A common way to overcome this adverse effect is to dope the carbon nanodots into a dispersed matrix such as an inorganic salt, which can achieve high-efficiency luminescence of the low-concentration carbon nanodots, but still cannot solve the problem of fluorescence quenching at high concentration and in pure state.
The prior art discloses carbon nanodot fluorescent powder, a manufacturing method and an LED lamp bead, wherein the manufacturing method of the carbon nanodot fluorescent powder forms stable barium sulfate on the surface of a carbon nanodot in a carbon nanodot solution by adding soluble barium salt and soluble sulfate in the carbon nanodot solution. However, the method has complex experimental process and high cost, and the principle is to dope the carbon nanodots into a solid matrix, not solid fluorescent powder based on pure carbon nanodots. In the prior art, a preparation method of fluorescent mesoporous silicon spheres is disclosed, wherein a toxic template agent in a mesoporous silicon sphere synthesis process is converted into carbon quantum dots with fluorescence property, and the carbon quantum dots are uniformly embedded into a mesoporous silicon skeleton to form the fluorescent mesoporous silicon spheres. Suitable catalyst components are sodium chloride, lithium chloride and potassium nitrate. However, the method has the disadvantages of harsh reaction conditions, catalyst requirement, high cost and solid-state light emission realized in a low-concentration doping system of the carbon nano dots.
At present, few reports of obtaining carbon nanodots without aggregation-induced fluorescence quenching characteristics in a solid state by a simple method are available.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide at least the advantages which will be described later.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a solid luminescent carbon nanodot prepared by a one-step solvothermal method using citric acid and a polyamine-based polymer as reaction raw materials. The carbon nanodots are solid luminous pure carbon nanodots, and can emit bright fluorescence under the excitation of blue light without any dispersed matrix.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a solid-state luminescent carbon nanodot using citric acid and a polyamine-based polymer as raw materials, which is prepared by a solvothermal method.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the solid luminescent carbon nanodot, which comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving citric acid and the polyamino polymer in a solvent, uniformly mixing, and then placing in a reaction kettle for reaction;
s2, centrifuging the solution reacted in the step S1 to obtain supernatant, and putting the supernatant into a dialysis bag for dialysis to obtain a retention solution;
and S3, freeze-drying the retention solution to obtain the solid luminescent carbon nanodots.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the solid luminescent carbon nanodot, the solvent in S1 is one of water, DMF and DMSO.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the solid luminescent carbon nanodot, the reaction temperature in S1 is 160-200 ℃, and the reaction time is 4-12 h.
Preferably, in S2, the supernatant is dialyzed in a dialysis bag having a cut-off relative molecular mass of 3500 to obtain a retentate.
The invention also provides application of the solid luminescent carbon nanodots in a white light LED.
The invention also provides application of the solid luminescent carbon nanodot in visible light communication.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
1. the solid luminescent carbon nanodot is prepared by a one-step solvothermal method by using citric acid and a polyamine-based polymer. Citric acid provides a carbon source for the formation of carbon nanodots; on the one hand, the amino-rich unit of the polyamine-based polymer provides rich reaction sites for dehydration condensation and nitrogen doping, and is beneficial to the formation of luminescent carbon cores. On the other hand, in the aggregation state of the carbon nanodots, the polymer main chain and the polymer branch chain can be uniformly dispersed and define adjacent luminescence centers, so that surface electronic transition among particles and pi-pi interaction of graphitized carbon cores are prevented, and solid-state luminescence of the pure carbon nanodots is realized.
2. The solid luminescent carbon nanodots can be applied to LEDs, and the solid luminescent carbon nanodots are dispersed in polydimethylsilane and are dripped on an indium gallium nitride blue LED chip to obtain a white LED and a yellow LED which take the carbon nanodots as color conversion layers.
3. According to the application of the solid luminescent carbon nanodots in visible light communication, the polyethyleneimine is adopted to participate in the preparation reaction of the carbon nanodots, so that the problem of fluorescence quenching caused by aggregation of the carbon nanodots in a solid state is solved, the solid luminescent pure carbon nanodots with green light emission are obtained, and the carbon nanodot fluorescent powder has the characteristic of short fluorescence life and has the potential of being applied to the field of visible light communication. And uniformly dispersing the prepared solid luminescent pure carbon nanodots in polydimethylsiloxane by a physical method to obtain a gel layer block of the solid luminescent pure carbon nanodots. The optical fiber can be used as an optical conversion layer in visible light communication application, and can realize the bandwidth of 55MHz and the data transmission rate of 181 Mbps.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an absorption spectrum and an emission spectrum of a solid-state luminescent carbon nanodot according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the fluorescence decay curve of 510nm emitted light measured by solid-state light-emitting carbon nanodots according to an embodiment of the present invention under 405nm excitation light;
FIG. 3 is a field emission transmission electron microscope photograph of solid state luminescent carbon nanodots (CDs) according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an X-ray photoelectron spectrum of solid state luminescent carbon nanodots (CDs) according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectrum of C1s of solid state light emitting carbon nanodots (CDs) according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectrum of N1s of solid state luminescent carbon nanodots (CDs) according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectrum of O1s of solid state luminescent carbon nanodots (CDs) according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a Fourier transform infrared spectrum of solid state luminescent carbon nanodots (CDs) according to example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of solid state luminescent carbon nanodots (CDs) according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a color temperature and emission spectrum of a white LED as a color conversion layer in which solid-state luminescent carbon nanodots (CDs) and polydimethylsilane are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2 according to example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a color coordinate diagram of a white LED in which solid-state luminescent carbon nanodots (CDs) and polydimethylsilane are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2 as a color conversion layer according to example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a photograph of a white LED photo showing a color conversion layer formed by mixing solid state luminescent carbon nanodots (CDs) and polydimethylsilane at a mass ratio of 1:2 according to example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a yellow LED emission spectrum of a color conversion layer of solid state luminescent carbon nanodots (CDs) mixed with polydimethylsilane in a mass ratio of 3:1 in example 6 according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a graph of color coordinates of a yellow LED with solid state luminescent carbon nanodots (CDs) mixed with polydimethylsilane in a mass ratio of 3:1 as a color conversion layer according to example 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a photomicrograph of a yellow LED with color conversion layer comprising solid state luminescent carbon nanodots (CDs) and polydimethylsilane mixed in a mass ratio of 3:1 in example 6 according to the present invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of an optical path used by a color converter prepared from solid state light-emitting carbon nanodots (CDs) and polydimethylsiloxane as a color conversion layer of a visible light communication system, excited by a blue laser, according to embodiment 7 of the present invention;
fig. 17 shows broadband data test results of blue laser excitation using color converters prepared from solid state luminescent carbon nanodots (CDs) and polydimethylsiloxane as color conversion layers of a visible light communication system according to example 7 of the present invention;
fig. 18 is a graph showing a result of data transmission test using blue laser excitation, using a color converter made of solid state light-emitting carbon nanodots (CDs) and polydimethylsiloxane as a color conversion layer of a visible light communication system according to embodiment 7 of the present invention;
fig. 19 is a photograph of a sheet prepared from solid state luminescent carbon nanodots (CDs) and polydimethylsiloxane in example 7 according to the present invention in sunlight and blue light.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
Example 1
The solid luminescent carbon nanodot is prepared from citric acid and a polyamine-based polymer by a solvothermal method.
The preparation method of the solid luminescent carbon nanodot comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving 3g of citric acid and 6ml of branched polyethyleneimine (50 wt.% of water solution) with the mass average molecular weight of 2000 in 20ml of deionized water, uniformly stirring, then placing in a closed reaction kettle, and reacting at 160 ℃ for 6 hours;
s2, centrifuging the solution after the reaction in the S1 in a centrifuge for 3 times at a speed of 8000r/min, removing insoluble polymers, and centrifuging to obtain a supernatant; transferring the supernatant obtained by centrifugation into a dialysis bag with the relative molecular mass cutoff of 3500, dialyzing with deionized water for 5d to obtain dialysate, placing the retentate obtained in the dialysis bag into a freeze dryer, freeze-drying, and grinding to obtain the solid luminescent carbon nanodots. FIG. 1 shows the absorption and emission spectra of carbon nanodot thin film, with the absorption peak at 360nm and the bright green emission (λ) at 450nm excitationem510nm), the fluorescence quantum efficiency was 26%, and the fluorescence lifetime was 4ns (fig. 2). The transmission electron microscope photograph (figure 3) shows that the grain size distribution of the carbon nano-dots is between 2 and 6nm, and the lattice spacing is 0.24 nm. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (fig. 4) indicates that the carbon nanodots contain carbon, nitrogen and oxygen elements, and the high resolution spectroscopy (fig. 5 to 7) indicates that the carbon nanodots contain C ═ C, C ═ O, C-N and N-H bonds. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (figure 8) shows that the carbon nanodots containHaving N-H, CH2C-N and-CONH-functional groups. The X-ray diffraction pattern (fig. 9) indicates that the carbon nanodots contain a broad diffraction peak at 2 θ ═ 21 °.
Example 2
The solid luminescent carbon nanodot is prepared from citric acid and a polyamine-based polymer by a solvothermal method.
The preparation method of the solid luminescent carbon nanodot comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving 3g of citric acid and 6ml of branched polyethyleneimine (50 wt.% of aqueous solution) with the mass-average molecular weight of 2000 in 20ml of DMF, uniformly stirring, then placing in a closed reaction kettle, and reacting at 160 ℃ for h;
s2, centrifuging the solution after the reaction in the S1 in a centrifuge for 3 times at a speed of 8000r/min, removing insoluble polymers, and centrifuging to obtain a supernatant; transferring the supernatant obtained by centrifugation into a dialysis bag with the relative molecular mass cutoff of 3500, dialyzing with deionized water for 5d to obtain dialysate, placing the retentate obtained in the dialysis bag into a freeze dryer, freeze-drying, and grinding to obtain the solid luminescent carbon nanodots.
Example 3
The solid luminescent carbon nanodot is prepared from citric acid and a polyamine-based polymer by a solvothermal method.
The preparation method of the solid luminescent carbon nanodot comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving 3g of citric acid and 4g of linear polyethyleneimine hydrochloride with the mass average molecular weight of 4000 in 20ml of water, uniformly stirring, then placing in a closed reaction kettle, and reacting for 8 hours at 180 ℃;
s2, centrifuging the solution after the reaction in the S1 in a centrifuge for 3 times at a speed of 8000r/min, removing insoluble polymers, and centrifuging to obtain a supernatant; transferring the supernatant obtained by centrifugation into a dialysis bag with the relative molecular mass cutoff of 3500, dialyzing with deionized water for 5d to obtain dialysate, placing the retentate obtained in the dialysis bag into a freeze dryer, freeze-drying, and grinding to obtain the solid luminescent carbon nanodots.
Example 4
The solid luminescent carbon nanodot is prepared from citric acid and a polyamine-based polymer by a solvothermal method.
The preparation method of the solid luminescent carbon nanodot comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving 1g of citric acid, 2.5g of PAMAM dendritic polymer, ethylenediamine core and 2.0 generation (20 wt.% methanol solution) in 7ml of DMSO, uniformly stirring, then placing in a closed reaction kettle, and reacting for 12 hours at 200 ℃;
s2, centrifuging the solution after the reaction in the S1 in a centrifuge for 3 times at a speed of 8000r/min, removing insoluble polymers, and centrifuging to obtain a supernatant; transferring the supernatant obtained by centrifugation into a dialysis bag with the relative molecular mass cutoff of 3500, dialyzing with deionized water for 5d to obtain dialysate, placing the retentate obtained in the dialysis bag into a freeze dryer, freeze-drying, and grinding to obtain the solid luminescent carbon nanodots.
Example 5
The solid luminescent carbon nanodots (CDs) prepared in example 1 and polydimethylsilane are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:2, coated on an LED chip with the wavelength of 450nm, and dried to prepare a white LED, wherein FIG. 10 shows the emission spectrum of the white LED, the luminescent peak position of the carbon nanodot phosphor is 566nm, the color temperature is 4850K, the color rendering index is 70.5, the efficiency is 8.9lm/W, FIG. 11 shows the color coordinates (0.34 ) of the white LED, and 9 surface light sources connected in parallel with the white LED can be lightened by 3V voltage to realize white light illumination (FIG. 12).
Example 6
The solid luminescent carbon nanodots (CDs) prepared in example 1 and polydimethylsilane are mixed in a mass ratio of 3:1, coated on a 450nm LED chip, and dried to obtain a yellow LED, where fig. 13 shows an emission spectrum of the yellow LED, a luminescent peak of the phosphor is 580nm, and fig. 14 shows color coordinates (0.56,0.43) of the yellow LED, so as to realize yellow illumination (fig. 15).
Example 7
The solid luminescent carbon nanodots (CDs) prepared in example 1 and polydimethylsilane were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2 to obtain a gel layer block of solid luminescent pure carbon nanodots. The blue laser is used for excitation, and the blue laser is used as a light conversion layer in visible light communication application, so that the bandwidth of 55MHz and the data transmission rate of 181Mbps are realized (figures 16-19).
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (2)
1. The application of the solid luminescent carbon nanodots in the LED is characterized in that the preparation of the solid luminescent carbon nanodots comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving citric acid and the polyamino polymer in a solvent, uniformly mixing, and then placing in a reaction kettle for reaction; the polyamine-based polymer is branched polyethyleneimine;
s2, centrifuging the solution reacted in the step S1 to obtain supernatant, and dialyzing the supernatant to obtain a retention solution;
s3, freeze-drying the retention solution to obtain the solid luminescent carbon nanodots;
mixing the solid luminescent carbon nano-dots and the polydimethylsilane according to the mass ratio of 1:2, coating the mixture on an LED chip with the thickness of 450nm, and drying to obtain a white LED;
or mixing the solid luminescent carbon nano-dots and the polydimethylsilane according to the mass ratio of 3:1, coating the mixture on a 450nm LED chip, and drying to obtain the yellow LED.
2. An application of solid luminescent carbon nano-dots in visible light communication is characterized in that,
the preparation method of the solid luminescent carbon nanodots comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving citric acid and the polyamino polymer in a solvent, uniformly mixing, and then placing in a reaction kettle for reaction; the polyamine-based polymer is branched polyethyleneimine;
s2, centrifuging the solution reacted in the step S1 to obtain supernatant, and dialyzing the supernatant to obtain a retention solution;
s3, freeze-drying the retention solution to obtain the solid luminescent carbon nanodots;
the solid luminescent carbon nanodots and the polydimethylsilane are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:2 to obtain gel layer blocks of the solid luminescent pure carbon nanodots, and the gel layer blocks are excited by blue laser to serve as light conversion layers in visible light communication application.
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| CN111662712A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-15 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Preparation method of solid luminescent carbon nanodots |
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