CN109796589A - The preparation method of selfreparing crosslinked polyamide - Google Patents
The preparation method of selfreparing crosslinked polyamide Download PDFInfo
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- CN109796589A CN109796589A CN201910014616.7A CN201910014616A CN109796589A CN 109796589 A CN109796589 A CN 109796589A CN 201910014616 A CN201910014616 A CN 201910014616A CN 109796589 A CN109796589 A CN 109796589A
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Abstract
The preparation method of selfreparing crosslinked polyamide, belongs to field of polyamides.Using the polyamide oligomer for having furan nucleus, the method for preparation selfreparing crosslinked polyamide is reacted with bismaleimide, belongs to the technical field of polyamide.First carries out ontology Michael's addition with the furylamine and acrylate that have furan nucleus and prepare furylamine diester, again with diamines and triamine melt polycondensation, obtain the polyamide oligomer with furan nucleus, ontology Diels-Alder addition is carried out with bismaleimide again, obtains the crosslinked polyamide of selfreparing.This method reaction raw materials are easy to get, and reaction condition is mild, and process is environmentally protective, easy to operate, and the selfreparing crosslinked polyamide thus prepared has excellent mechanical property and high repair rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Diels-Alder of a kind of polyamide oligomer using with furan nucleus and bismaleimide
Addition reaction, the method for preparing selfreparing crosslinked polyamide.Ontology is carried out more particularly to elder generation with furylamine and acrylate to step
Ke Er addition prepares furylamine diester, then carries out melt polycondensation with diamines and triamine, and it is low to obtain the polyamide with furan nucleus
Aggressiveness, last and bismaleimide carry out ontology Diels-Alder addition reaction, obtain having the crosslinking of self-repair function poly-
Amide belongs to field of polyamides.
Technical background
Polyamide is first of five big general engineering plastics, and industrialization is earliest, most species.Linear polyamide mechanical property
Good, fusing point is high, and temperature tolerance is strong, can be used as fiber, engineering plastics, hot melt adhesive etc.；Crosslinked polyamide have mechanical property it is good,
The characteristics such as oil resistant, heat-resisting, wear-resistant, can be used as membrane material, corrosion-inhibiting coating etc..The synthetic method of current crosslinked polyamide has open loop
Polymerization-cross-linking method and polyamines-chloride method, the high molecular materials such as crosslinked polyamide are in production and use process, often due to interior
The micro-crack and local damage in portion cause performance to decline, therefore it is very necessary for preparing the high molecular material with self-healing properties
's.It is currently based on the self-healing polymers material of Diels-Alder reaction, predominantly polyurethane and epoxy resin etc., it is related
The research of Diels-Alder selfreparing crosslinked polyamide is also more rare.
Structure with self-repair function is introduced into crosslinked polyamide by the present invention, is provided a kind of efficient, simple, high
The selfreparing crosslinked polyamide material of repair rate.Ontology Michael's addition is carried out with furylamine and acrylate first and prepares furan
It mutters methylamine diester, then carries out ontology melt polycondensation with diamines and triamine, obtain the polyamide oligomer with furan nucleus, finally again
Ontology melting Diels-Alder is carried out with bismaleimide to react, and obtains the crosslinked polyamide of selfreparing.This method does not need
Any catalyst or auxiliary agent.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of utilizations to have the polyamide oligomer of furan nucleus and adding for bismaleimide
At reaction, the method for preparing selfreparing crosslinked polyamide.This method raw material is easy to get, and reaction condition is mild, preparation method environmental protection；And
Obtained selfreparing crosslinked polyamide has good mechanical property and self-repair efficiency.
The present invention first carries out ontology Michael addition reaction with acrylate with the furylamine with furan nucleus and prepares furan
Mutter methylamine diester, further with diamines/triamine in the presence of no catalyst melt polycondensation, obtain the polyamide with furan nucleus
Oligomer, then ontology Diels-Alder addition is carried out with bismaleimide, obtain the crosslinked polyamide of selfreparing.Specific step
It is rapid as follows:
1) furylamine and acrylate the preparation of furylamine diester: are subjected to ontology mikey at 30 DEG C~100 DEG C
That addition reaction a few hours, obtain furylamine diester liquid；It is preferred that furylamine and acrylate molar ratio are 1:2；
2) preparation has a polyamide oligomer of furan nucleus: furylamine diester that step 1) is obtained and diamines or/and
Triamine, according to ester group: amido=(n+1): n (n=2~6) feeds intake, under nitrogen protection, the stoichiometric number at 120 DEG C~180 DEG C
Hour, obtain the polyamide oligomer with furan nucleus；
3) preparation of selfreparing crosslinked polyamide: by polyamide oligomer obtained in step 2) and bismaleimide,
According to furan nucleus: dimaleoyl imino=1:1 (molar ratio) feeds intake, and pours into mold after mixing at < 150 DEG C, places into 60 DEG C
Vacuum drying oven in react 30h or more, obtain selfreparing crosslinked polyamide material.
Wherein, the furylamine diester arrived in step 1), structure is such as shown in (I):
R in above formula1For alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl.
Acrylate used in step 1) is methyl acrylate, ethyl ester, propyl ester, butyl ester etc., is also possible to metering system
Sour methyl esters, ethyl ester, propyl ester or butyl ester etc..
The polyamide oligomer of furan nucleus is had obtained in step 2), one of general structure is such as shown in (II):
Amine used in step 2) is single or mixed amine, is selected from diamines, triamine, has the structure of following (III):
Diamines used in step 2) is preferably ethylenediamine, 1,2- propane diamine, 1,3- propane diamine, 1,4- butanediamine, 1,6-
Hexamethylene diamine, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexanediamine, isophorone diamine, m-xylene diamine, p dimethylamine, one in polyetheramine (such as d230)
Kind is several.
Used triamine is preferably that there are three the polyetheramines of amino, such as d440 for tool in step 2).
The crosslinked polyamide one of which general structure such as (IV) that selfreparing is obtained in step 3) is shown:
Bismaleimide used in step 3) has the general structure of following (V):
Bis- (dimaleoyl imino) ethane of bismaleimide used in step 3), preferably 1,2-, the bis- (Malaysias of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-
Acid imide) butane, bis- (dimaleoyl imino) hexanes of 1,6-, bis- (dimaleoyl imino) dodecanes of 1,12-, the bis- (Malaysias 1,4-
Imide) hexamethylene, bis- (the dimaleoyl imino) -2- methylpentanes of 1,5-, 1- dimaleoyl imino -5- maleimide
Bis- (maleimide) benzene of base -3,3,5- trimethyl-cyclohexane, 1,3-, bis- (4- maleimide phenyl) methane etc..
Effect of the present invention:
The present invention is first carried out Michael addition reaction and is prepared furans first using the furylamine with furan nucleus and acrylate
Amine diester, then with diamines and triamine melt polycondensation, obtain the polyamide oligomer with furan nucleus, then with bismaleimide into
Row ontology Diels-Alder reacts to obtain the crosslinked polyamide of selfreparing.
This method is easy to operate, green, environmentally friendly, and obtained selfreparing polyamide material is with excellent mechanical property and certainly
Remediation efficiency, tensile strength can reach 63MPa, and remediation efficiency can achieve 100%.And the knot of change diamines can be passed through
The proportion of structure and diamines and triamine obtains the selfreparing crosslinked polyamide material of the excellent and high repair rate of different mechanical properties.
Specific embodiment
According to GB/T 1040-2006 standard, standard dog bone sample is made in product, tensile speed 10mm/min is used
INSTRON-1185 tensilon measures its tensile strength and elongation at break.
Remediation efficiency: first surveying the tensile strength for being crosslinked batten, then will similarly be crosslinked batten cutting, certain
Temperature (such as 150 DEG C or so) under allow section to join, survey its tensile strength, then seek ratio, show that repairing batten repairs
Multiple rate.
Embodiment as described above, enumerating preferable embodiment below, the present invention is described in detail, but
Realization of the invention is not limited to following instance.
Embodiment 1:
1) preparation of furylamine diester: weighing 97 parts of furylamine with parts by weight, and 86 parts of methyl acrylate, at 50 DEG C
3h is reacted, is cooled to room temperature, obtains furylamine dipropionic acid methyl esters.
2) preparation has the polyamide oligomer of furan nucleus: weighing furan obtained in 1 step 1) of embodiment with parts by weight
It mutters 17.96 parts of methylamine diacrylate, 12.88 parts of d230 polyetheramine, the atmospheric reverse under 170 DEG C of reflux states under nitrogen protection
10h is answered, is cooled to room temperature, the polyamide oligomer with furan nucleus is obtained.
3) it prepares selfreparing crosslinked polyamide: being weighed in 1 step 2) of embodiment and be made with furan nucleus with parts by weight
10 parts of polyamide oligomer, 1,5- 3.38 parts of dimaleoyl imino -2- methylpentane pours into mold after mixing, at 60 DEG C
30h is reacted in vacuum drying oven, obtains selfreparing crosslinked polyamide.Its tensile strength 17.6MPa, elongation at break 91.4%, one
Secondary remediation efficiency is 91.2%.
Embodiment 2:
1) preparation has the polyamide oligomer of furan nucleus: weighing furan obtained in 1 step 1) of embodiment with parts by weight
It mutters 26.94 parts of methylamine diacrylate, 17.34 parts of d230 polyetheramine, 2.46 parts of d440 polyethers, under nitrogen protection in 170 DEG C
Synthesis under normal pressure 10h under reflux state, is cooled to room temperature, and obtains the polyamide oligomer with furan nucleus.
2) it prepares selfreparing crosslinked polyamide: being weighed with parts by weight and be made poly- with furan nucleus in 2 step 1) of embodiment
10 parts of amide oligomer, 1,5- 3.34 parts of dimaleoyl imino -2- methylpentane pours into mold after mixing, true at 60 DEG C
30h is reacted in empty baking oven, obtains selfreparing crosslinked polyamide.Its tensile strength 23.8MPa, elongation at break 135.6%, once
Remediation efficiency is 100%.
Embodiment 3
1) preparation has the polyamide oligomer of furan nucleus: weighing furan obtained in 1 step 1) of embodiment with parts by weight
It mutters 26.94 parts of methylamine diacrylate, 9.6 parts of d230 polyetheramine, 4.85 parts of hexamethylene diamine, flows back under nitrogen protection in 170 DEG C
Synthesis under normal pressure 10h under state, is cooled to room temperature, and obtains the polyamide oligomer with furan nucleus.
2) it prepares selfreparing crosslinked polyamide: being weighed with parts by weight and be made poly- with furan nucleus in 3 step 1) of embodiment
10 parts of amide oligomer, 1,5- 3.83 parts of dimaleoyl imino -2- methylpentane pours into mold after mixing, true at 60 DEG C
30h is reacted in empty baking oven, obtains selfreparing crosslinked polyamide.Its tensile strength 50.9MPa, elongation at break 10% are once repaired
Multiple efficiency is 78%.
Embodiment 4
1) preparation has the polyamide oligomer of furan nucleus: weighing furan obtained in 1 step 1) of embodiment with parts by weight
It mutters 26.94 parts of methylamine diacrylate, 7.68 parts of d230 polyetheramine, 3.88 parts of hexamethylene diamine, 4.9 parts of d440 polyetheramine, in nitrogen
Under protection under 170 DEG C of reflux states synthesis under normal pressure 10h, be cooled to room temperature, obtain the polyamide oligomer with furan nucleus.
2) it prepares selfreparing crosslinked polyamide: being weighed in 4 step 1) of embodiment and be made with furan nucleus with parts by weight
10 parts of polyamide oligomer, 1,5- 3.63 parts of dimaleoyl imino -2- methylpentane pours into mold after mixing, at 60 DEG C
30h is reacted in vacuum drying oven, obtains selfreparing crosslinked polyamide.Its tensile strength 63MPa, elongation at break 13% are once repaired
Multiple efficiency is 67%.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method of selfreparing crosslinked polyamide, which is characterized in that have the furylamine and propylene of furan nucleus
Acid esters carry out ontology Michael addition reaction prepare furylamine diester, further with diamines/triamine no catalyst presence
Lower melt polycondensation obtains the polyamide oligomer with furan nucleus, then carries out ontology Diels-Alder with bismaleimide and add
At obtaining the crosslinked polyamide of selfreparing；Shown in specific step is as follows:
1) preparation of furylamine diester: furylamine and acrylate are carried out to ontology Michael at 30 DEG C~100 DEG C and added
At reaction a few hours, furylamine diester liquid is obtained；
2) preparation has the polyamide oligomer of furan nucleus: the furylamine diester and diamines or/and triamine that step 1) is obtained,
According to ester group: amido=(n+1): n (n=2~6) feeds intake, and under nitrogen protection, reacts a few hours at 120 DEG C~180 DEG C,
Obtain the polyamide oligomer with furan nucleus；
3) preparation of selfreparing crosslinked polyamide: by polyamide oligomer obtained in step 2) and bismaleimide, according to
Furan nucleus: dimaleoyl imino=1:1 (molar ratio) feeds intake, and pours into mold after mixing at < 150 DEG C, places into 60 DEG C true
30h or more is reacted in empty baking oven, obtains selfreparing crosslinked polyamide material.
2. a kind of preparation method of selfreparing crosslinked polyamide described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that step 1) furans
Methylamine and acrylate molar ratio are 1:2.
3. a kind of preparation method of selfreparing crosslinked polyamide described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 1)
The furylamine diester arrived, structure is such as shown in (I):
R in above formula1For alkyl, preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl；
Amine used in step 2) is single or mixed amine, is selected from diamines, triamine, has the structure of following (III):
Bismaleimide used in step 3) has the general structure of following (V):
4. a kind of preparation method of selfreparing crosslinked polyamide described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that institute in step 1)
Acrylate is selected from methyl acrylate, ethyl ester, propyl ester, butyl ester, or is selected from methyl methacrylate, ethyl ester, propyl ester or fourth
Ester.
5. a kind of preparation method of selfreparing crosslinked polyamide described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 2)
The polyamide oligomer with furan nucleus arrived, one of general structure is such as shown in (II):
6. a kind of preparation method of selfreparing crosslinked polyamide described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that institute in step 2)
Diamines is preferably ethylenediamine, 1,2- propane diamine, 1,3- propane diamine, Putriscine, 1,6- hexamethylene diamine, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-hexamethylene two
One of amine, isophorone diamine, m-xylene diamine, p dimethylamine, polyetheramine are several；
Used triamine is that there are three the polyetheramines of amino for tool in step 2).
7. a kind of preparation method of selfreparing crosslinked polyamide described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 3)
Crosslinked polyamide one of which general structure such as (IV) to selfreparing is shown:
8. a kind of preparation method of selfreparing crosslinked polyamide described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that institute in step 3)
Bismaleimide, it is bis- selected from bis- (dimaleoyl imino) ethane of 1,2-, bis- (maleimide) butane of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-, 1,6-
Bis- (dimaleoyl imino) dodecanes of (dimaleoyl imino) hexane, 1,12-, bis- (dimaleoyl imino) hexamethylenes of 1,4-, 1,
Bis- (the dimaleoyl imino) -2- methylpentanes of 5-, 1- dimaleoyl imino -5- dimaleoyl imino -3,3,5- 3-methyl cyclohexanol
Bis- (maleimide) benzene of alkane, 1,3-, bis- (4- maleimide phenyl) methane.
9. the selfreparing crosslinked polyamide being prepared according to the described in any item methods of claim 1-8.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111732727A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-10-02 | 北京化工大学 | Preparation method of self-repairing crosslinked polyamide |
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