CN109795520B

CN109795520B - Retarder

Info

Publication number: CN109795520B
Application number: CN201910145306.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 覃智鹏; 汤岩峰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-02-27
Filing date: 2019-02-27
Publication date: 2024-05-31
Anticipated expiration: 2039-02-27
Also published as: CN109795520A

Abstract

The invention provides a retarder, which comprises an oil cylinder assembly and a base assembly which are connected with each other, wherein the oil cylinder assembly comprises: a sliding oil cylinder; a valve core which is connected with the piston rod in a sliding way is arranged at one end of the piston rod; the throttle seat is in sliding connection with the sliding oil cylinder and sleeved on the periphery of the piston rod, an orifice is arranged on the throttle seat, an oil way for hydraulic oil to circulate is arranged between the throttle seat and the piston rod, and a first sealing piece is arranged between the throttle seat and the sliding oil cylinder; the speed judging structure is used for blocking the oil way; the valve cover is arranged on the periphery of the piston rod, and the valve cover and the valve core form a pressure relief loop for reducing the pressure in the sliding oil cylinder; and the sealing cover is used for sealing the oil cylinder opening. According to the retarder, when the sliding oil cylinder returns, the sliding oil cylinder drives the throttling seat to move upwards through the friction effect of the first sealing piece, hydraulic oil in the sliding oil cylinder slowly returns under the resistance effect generated by the throttling hole, and a better retarding effect is achieved.

Description

Retarder

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of railway speed regulation safety, and particularly relates to a retarder.

Background

The retarder is an indispensable device in the technical field of speed regulation safety of railway shunting operation. When the vehicle rolls on the retarder, the top of the retarder moves downward under the rolling of the vehicle, and when the speed of the vehicle exceeds a certain value, the retarder has a retarding effect on the vehicle. When the existing retarder is in return stroke, the recoil acting force received by the top of the retarder is larger, but the effect of boosting and accelerating the vehicle is improved, and the vehicle deceleration effect is greatly reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a retarder to solve the technical problem of poor vehicle deceleration effect caused by large recoil force when the retarder is in return stroke in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a retarder, including the hydro-cylinder assembly, with the base assembly that the hydro-cylinder assembly is connected, the hydro-cylinder assembly includes:

The sliding oil cylinder is provided with an oil cylinder opening, and hydraulic oil and compressed gas are arranged in the sliding oil cylinder;

one end of the piston rod extends into the sliding oil cylinder, a valve core which is connected with the piston rod in a sliding way is arranged at the end of the piston rod, a pressure elastic piece is arranged between the valve core and the piston rod, and the other end of the piston rod is connected with the base assembly;

The throttle seat is in sliding connection with the sliding oil cylinder and sleeved on the periphery of the piston rod, an orifice is formed in the throttle seat, an oil way for hydraulic oil to circulate is formed between the throttle seat and the piston rod, and a first sealing piece is arranged between the throttle seat and the sliding oil cylinder;

the speed judging structure is arranged on the periphery of the piston rod and is used for blocking the oil path;

The valve cover is arranged on the periphery of the piston rod and is used for being abutted against the valve core, and a pressure relief loop used for reducing the pressure in the sliding oil cylinder is formed on the valve cover and the valve core;

and the sealing cover is fixedly connected with the sliding oil cylinder and is used for sealing the oil cylinder opening.

Further, the speed judging structure comprises a speed judging elastic piece and a speed judging valve plate for blocking the oil path, one end of the speed judging elastic piece is abutted against the piston plate, and the other end of the speed judging elastic piece is abutted against the speed judging valve plate.

Further, a shaft shoulder for limiting the throttle seat is arranged on the periphery of the piston rod, and the throttle seat is arranged between the speed judging valve plate and the shaft shoulder.

Further, a piston plate is further arranged between the throttle seat and the shaft shoulder, the piston plate is fixed on the periphery of the piston rod, and an oil hole communicated with the oil way is formed in the piston plate.

Further, the throttling seat is annular, the oil way is formed between the inner wall of the throttling seat and the outer wall of the piston rod, an annular groove is formed in the outer wall of the throttling seat, and the first sealing piece is arranged in the annular groove.

Further, the valve cover is fixed at one end of the piston rod extending into the sliding oil cylinder, an oil drain hole is formed in the valve cover, one end of the valve core is conical, and the end of the valve core extends into the oil drain hole and is used for being abutted to the wall of the oil drain hole.

Further, the sealing cover is in threaded connection with the sliding oil cylinder, a check ring groove is formed in the sealing cover and the sliding oil cylinder together, and a check ring used for preventing the sealing cover and the sliding oil cylinder from generating axial relative movement is arranged in the check ring groove.

Further, the base assembly comprises a shell and a shell fixing piece used for fixing the shell and the steel rail, one end of the sliding oil cylinder stretches into the shell, and the piston rod is fixedly connected with the shell.

Further, a waterproof groove is formed in one end, connected with the shell, of the piston rod, and a second sealing piece is arranged in the waterproof groove.

Further, a heightening pad is arranged between the piston rod and the shell, and the plane where the heightening pad is located is perpendicular to the axial direction of the piston rod.

The retarder provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the speed reducing jack is connected with the throttling seat in a sliding way, hydraulic oil and compressed nitrogen are arranged in the sliding cylinder, a first sealing piece is arranged between the sliding cylinder and the throttling seat, a pressure release loop is formed between a valve core at the top end of a piston rod and a valve cover, and a speed judging structure can block an oil way between the throttling seat and the piston rod; when the sliding oil cylinder is rolled by a vehicle, the sliding oil cylinder moves downwards, when the vehicle speed exceeds a certain value, hydraulic oil flows to a lower cavity in time, the pressure of the hydraulic oil is instantaneously increased, a speed judging structure is pushed to move downwards to contact with a throttling seat, an oil way between the throttling seat and a piston rod is blocked, a pressure release loop is forced to open to apply work, part of kinetic energy of the vehicle is consumed, the effect of decelerating the vehicle is achieved, after the pressure release is finished, a valve core automatically rebounds to close the pressure release loop under the action of a pressure elastic piece, the sliding oil cylinder returns upwards under the action of compressed gas, the throttling seat is driven to move upwards by the friction action of a first sealing piece, the throttling seat is kept in contact with the speed judging structure, the hydraulic oil in the sliding oil cylinder slowly returns under the action of resistance generated by an orifice, the effect of boosting and accelerating the vehicle is not facilitated, and a better decelerating effect is achieved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a retarder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a cylinder assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 (a) is a perspective view of a throttle seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 (b) is a top view of a throttle body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 (c) is a cross-sectional view of a throttle body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a base assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a valve cover provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, each reference sign in the figure:

1-an oil cylinder assembly; 101-a sliding oil cylinder; 102-a valve cover; 1021-header; 10210-oil drain hole; 1022-neck; 10220-reflow holes; 103-a speed judging structure; 1031, judging the speed valve plate; 1032-a speed judging elastic piece; 104-a throttle seat; 1041-an oil path; 1042-orifice; 1043-an annular groove; 105—a first seal; 106-a piston plate; 1060-an oil hole; 107-fourth seals; 108-sealing the cover; 109-a third seal; 110-check ring; 111-a piston rod; 1110-a shaft lumen; 1111-a shoulder; 112-a pressure spring; 113-a valve core; 2-a base assembly; 201-a housing; 202-a piston mount; 203-housing fasteners; 204-a second seal;

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.

It is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are merely for convenience in describing and simplifying the description based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2 together, an embodiment of the present invention will now be described. In this embodiment, the retarder includes a cylinder assembly 1 and a base assembly 2, and the cylinder assembly 1 and the base assembly 2 are fixedly connected. The oil cylinder assembly 1 comprises a sliding oil cylinder 101, a piston rod 111, a throttle base 104, a speed judging structure 103, a valve cover 102, a sealing cover 108 and the like. The sliding oil cylinder 101 is provided with an oil cylinder opening, hydraulic oil and compressed gas are arranged in the sliding oil cylinder 101, the sealing cover 108 is fixedly connected with the sliding oil cylinder 101 and used for sealing the oil cylinder opening, and the sealing cover 108 and the sliding oil cylinder 101 form a cavity for containing the hydraulic oil and the compressed gas. The compressed gas can be compressed nitrogen, the nitrogen can not generate chemical reactions such as combustion and the like with hydraulic oil, and the price of the nitrogen is low. One end of the piston rod 111 extends into the sliding cylinder 101, the end of the piston rod 111 is provided with a valve core 113, and the valve core 113 is slidably connected with the end of the piston rod 111, so that the valve core 113 can slide relatively to the piston rod 111. A pressure elastic member 112 is further provided between the valve core 113 and the piston rod 111, and the pressure elastic member 112 functions as: after the pressure applied to the valve core 113 is removed, the pressure elastic member 112 can drive the valve core 113 to rebound. The valve cap 102 is provided on the outer periphery of the piston rod 111, and the valve cap 102 and the valve element 113 form a relief circuit for reducing the pressure in the slide cylinder 101. When the valve cover 102 is abutted against the valve core 113, the pressure relief loop is in a closed state, when the pressure of hydraulic oil in the upper cavity of the sliding oil cylinder 101 is too high, the hydraulic oil pushes the valve core 113, the pressure elastic piece 112 is compressed, the pressure relief loop is conducted, after the pressure relief is finished, the pressure elastic piece 112 pushes the valve core 113 to move towards the valve cover 102, and the pressure relief loop is closed again. The throttle seat 104 is in sliding connection with the sliding oil cylinder 101, the throttle seat 104 is sleeved on the periphery of the piston rod 111, an oil way 1041 for hydraulic oil to circulate is arranged between the throttle seat 104 and the piston rod 111, an orifice 1042 is arranged on the throttle seat 104, when the oil way 1041 is blocked, hydraulic oil can flow out through the orifice 1042, a first sealing piece 105 is arranged between the throttle seat 104 and the sliding oil cylinder 101, and the sliding oil cylinder 101 can drive the throttle seat 104 to move through friction force generated by the first sealing piece 105 due to the fact that the first sealing piece 105 is abutted against the throttle seat 104 and the sliding oil cylinder 101. The speed determining structure 103 is provided on the outer periphery of the piston rod 111 to block the oil passage 1041.

When the retarder is not rolled by the vehicle, the oil way 1041 is smooth, and the pressure release loop is closed; when the retarder is rolled by a vehicle, the sliding oil cylinder 101 moves downwards, when the speed of the vehicle exceeds a certain speed limiting value, the pressure born by hydraulic oil in the sliding oil cylinder 101 is overlarge, the hydraulic oil pushes the speed judging structure 103, the speed judging structure 103 is in contact with the throttle seat 104 to block the oil path 1041, the pressure in the sliding oil cylinder 101 is further increased, the hydraulic oil is forced to push the valve core 113, the valve core 113 is separated from the valve cover 102, a pressure relief loop is opened, pressure relief work is started, part of kinetic energy of the vehicle is consumed, and the running speed of the vehicle is reduced; after the pressure relief is finished, the sliding oil cylinder 101 starts to return upwards, at this moment, the speed judging structure 103 keeps contact with the throttle seat 104, the oil way 1041 is in a blocking state, the sliding oil cylinder 101 and the throttle seat 104 move upwards simultaneously to squeeze hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil can only slowly flow to the other side of the throttle seat 104 through the throttle 1042, therefore, the return stroke of the sliding oil cylinder 101 and the throttle seat 104 also moves slowly, the oil pressure difference between the upper side and the lower side of the throttle seat 104 controls the return stroke speed of the sliding oil cylinder 101, and the return stroke recoil force of the sliding oil cylinder 101 to a vehicle is avoided.

Compared with the prior art, the retarder provided by the invention has the advantages that the retarder sliding oil cylinder 101 is in sliding connection with the throttling seat 104, hydraulic oil and compressed nitrogen are arranged in the sliding oil cylinder 101, a first sealing piece 105 is further arranged between the sliding oil cylinder 101 and the throttling seat 104, a pressure release loop is formed between the valve core 113 at the top end of the piston rod 111 and the valve cover 102, and the speed judging structure 103 can block an oil path 1041 between the throttling seat 104 and the piston rod 111; when the sliding oil cylinder 101 is rolled by a vehicle, the sliding oil cylinder 101 moves downwards, when the vehicle speed exceeds a certain value, the pressure of hydraulic oil is increased, the speed judging structure 103 moves downwards to be in contact with the throttle seat 104, an oil way 1041 between the throttle seat 104 and the piston rod 111 is blocked, a pressure release loop is forced to open to do work, part of kinetic energy of the vehicle is consumed, the effect of decelerating the vehicle is achieved, after the pressure release is finished, the valve core 113 automatically rebounds to close the pressure release loop under the action of the pressure elastic piece 112, the sliding oil cylinder 101 returns upwards under the action of compressed gas, the sliding oil cylinder 101 drives the throttle seat 104 to move upwards through the friction action of the first sealing piece 105, the throttle seat 104 is kept in contact with the speed judging structure 103, the hydraulic oil in the sliding oil cylinder 101 slowly returns under the action of resistance generated by the throttle seat 1042, the effect of boosting acceleration on the vehicle is avoided, and a better deceleration effect is achieved.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the speed determining structure 103 includes a speed determining elastic member 1032 and a speed determining valve plate 1031 for blocking the oil path 1041, one end of the speed determining elastic member 1032 is abutted against the piston rod 111, and the other end of the speed determining elastic member 1032 is abutted against the sealing cover 108. The function of the speed judging structure 103 is that when the vehicle reaches a certain speed, the speed judging valve plate 1031 contacts the throttle base 104 to block the oil path 1041, and the pressure release loop is triggered to conduct pressure release. The speed judging valve plate 1031 is sheet-shaped, so that under the same oil pressure, the pressure is larger, and the speed limiting value is more convenient to adjust by adjusting the size of the speed judging valve plate 1031 and the elastic force of the speed judging elastic piece 1032. The speed judging elastic member 1032 has a certain elasticity, and when the retarder is restored to a normal state, the speed judging elastic member 1032 can push the speed judging valve plate 1031 to be separated from the throttle base 104, so that the oil path 1041 is restored to a conducting state.

More specifically, in another embodiment, the speed determining elastic member 1032 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the piston rod 111, and the speed determining elastic member 1032 is disposed in the oil path 1041, so that the piston rod 111 is utilized to position the speed determining elastic member 1032, thereby facilitating the installation of the speed determining elastic member 1032. The speed judging resilient member 1032 can be a spring.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the piston rod 111 has a shaft cavity 1110, the pressure elastic member 112 is disposed in the shaft cavity 1110, one end of the pressure elastic member 112 abuts against the bottom of the shaft cavity 1110, the other end of the pressure elastic member 112 abuts against the valve core 113, and the valve core 113 slides relatively against the inner wall of the shaft cavity 1110. More specifically, the pressure elastic member 112 includes an inner pressure spring and an outer pressure spring, the outer pressure spring being fitted around the outer periphery of the inner pressure spring, the inner pressure spring and the outer pressure spring being disposed so that the up-and-down movement of the spool 113 is more stable.

In another embodiment, a shoulder 1111 for limiting the throttle seat 104 is disposed on the outer periphery of the piston rod 111, and the throttle seat 104 is disposed between the speed determining valve plate 1031 and the shoulder 1111. The shaft shoulder 1111 has a limiting effect on the throttle base 104, specifically, when the throttle base 104 drives the sliding oil cylinder 101 to move downwards, the setting of the shaft shoulder 1111 can limit the limit position of the throttle base 104, and after the throttle base 104 reaches the limit position, the throttle base 104 remains motionless, and the sliding oil cylinder 101 can continue to move downwards. The throttle base 104 divides the cavity of the sliding cylinder 101 into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the upper side of the throttle base 104 is the upper cavity, and the lower side of the throttle base 104 is the lower cavity.

In another embodiment, the sealing cover 108 is sleeved on the periphery of the piston, the shaft shoulder 1111 also has a limiting effect on the sealing cover 108, and the shaft shoulder 1111 can limit the limiting position when the sealing cover 108 moves upwards.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, in order to facilitate installation of the throttle seat 104, the valve cover 102, the speed judging elastic member 1032, etc., a piston plate 106 is further disposed between the throttle seat 104 and the shaft shoulder 1111, the piston plate 106 is fixed to the outer periphery of the piston rod 111, and the piston plate 106 is provided with an oil hole 1060 communicating with the oil passage 1041. The oil passage 1041 and the oil hole 1060 communicate the upper and lower chambers of the sliding cylinder 101.

In this embodiment, the valve cover 102, the speed determining valve plate 1031, the throttle base 104, the piston plate 106, and the seal cover 108 are disposed in this order along the axial direction of the piston rod 111. The piston plate 106, the throttle seat 104, the speed judging elastic member 1032 and the valve cover 102 are sleeved on the upper end of the piston rod 111 in sequence, one end of the valve cover 102 is abutted against the piston plate 106, so that the valve cover 102 can be in threaded connection with the upper end of the piston rod 111, the piston plate 106 is clamped between the valve cover 102 and the shaft shoulder 1111, and the piston plate 106 and the piston rod 111 are mutually fixed. The sealing cover 108 is sleeved on the lower end of the piston rod 111, and the sealing cover 108 is in threaded connection with the sliding cylinder 101. The outer wall of the throttle seat 104 and the inner wall of the sliding cylinder 101 are sealed by the first sealing member 105, the outer wall of the piston rod 111 and the inner wall of the sealing cover 108 are sealed by the third sealing member 109, and the outer wall of the sealing cover 108 and the inner wall of the sliding cylinder 101 are sealed by the fourth sealing member 107. The first seal 105, the third seal 109, and the fourth seal 107 may each be an O-ring seal.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the valve cover 102 is fixed to an end of the piston rod 111 extending into the sliding cylinder 101, the valve cover 102 is provided with an oil drain hole 10210, one end of the valve core 113 is tapered, and the end of the valve core 113 extends into the oil drain hole 10210 and is used for abutting against a wall of the oil drain hole 10210. When the valve core 113 is abutted against the wall of the oil drain hole 10210, the oil drain loop is closed; when the valve element 113 is separated from the valve cover 102, the drain circuit is opened. The tapered end of the valve core 113 makes the valve cover 102 seal the oil drain hole 10210 more easily, and has a guiding function on the valve core 113.

In another embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the valve cover 102 includes a head 1021 and a neck 1022, wherein the head 1021 has an outer diameter larger than that of the neck 1022, and an L-shaped stop portion for stopping the speed determining valve plate 1031 is formed between the head 1021 and the neck 1022. When the retarder is not subjected to external force, the speed judging valve plate 1031 is abutted against the L-shaped stop part of the valve cover 102, and the L-shaped stop part has a positioning effect on the speed judging valve plate 1031, wherein the speed judging elastic piece 1032 is sleeved on the periphery of the neck 1022. The oil drain hole 10210 is opened at the head 1021, and the neck 1022 has a cavity therein, which communicates with the oil drain hole 10210, so that the neck 1022 is thin-walled. When the cap 102 is screwed with the upper end of the piston rod 111, the inner wall of the neck 1022 is provided with an inner thread, the upper end of the piston rod 111 is provided with an outer thread, and the neck 1022 is screwed with the piston rod 111. The neck 1022 is further provided with a return hole 10220, so that hydraulic oil returns to the oil passage 1041 through the return hole 10220 and the drain hole in order during pressure relief.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3 (a) to 3 (c), the throttle seat 104 is annular, an oil path 1041 is formed between an inner wall of the throttle seat 104 and an outer wall of the piston rod 111, an annular groove 1043 is formed on the outer wall of the throttle seat 104, and the first sealing member 105 is disposed in the annular groove 1043. The inner diameter of the throttle seat 104 is larger than the outer diameter of the piston rod 111 so that a gap is provided between the throttle seat 104 and the piston rod 111, so that the oil passage 1041 can be formed. The external diameter of the throttle seat 104 is matched with the internal diameter of the sliding oil cylinder 101, the throttle seat 104 and the sliding oil cylinder are sealed through the first sealing piece 105, and the first sealing piece 105 has a sealing effect and can drive the throttle seat 104 to move up and down. The cross-section of the annular recess 1043 may be arcuate or square, and is not limited herein. The number of orifices 1042 on the orifice seat 104 may be plural and evenly distributed in the radial direction. The function of the restriction 1042 is to allow the hydraulic oil in the lower chamber of the sliding cylinder 101 to slowly enter the upper chamber, preventing the sliding cylinder 101 from generating a recoil force.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, a step is disposed on a side of the sealing cover 108 facing the shaft shoulder 1111, and the step has the same height as the thickness of the shaft shoulder 1111, so that when the sealing cover 108 moves up to the limit position, the upper side of the sealing cover 108 and the upper side of the shaft shoulder 1111 are on the same horizontal plane, and hydraulic oil is prevented from remaining in the lower cavity.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the sealing cover 108 is screwed with the sliding cylinder 101, the sealing cover 108 and the sliding cylinder 101 together form a retainer groove, and a retainer 110 for preventing the sealing cover 108 and the sliding cylinder 101 from generating relative axial movement is disposed in the retainer groove. Because the sealing cover 108 and the sliding cylinder 101 are in threaded connection, the sealing cover 108 and the sliding cylinder 101 can generate axial relative movement, and the retainer ring 110 can prevent the sealing cover 108 and the sliding cylinder 101 from generating relative movement. The retainer ring 110 may be selected to be a circlip to prevent long term stress damage to the retainer ring 110.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 4, the base assembly 2 includes a housing 201 and a housing fixing member 203 for fixing the housing 201 and the rail, one end of the sliding cylinder 203 extends into the housing 201, and the piston rod 111 is fixedly connected with the housing 201. Optionally, the piston rod 111 is in axial limited connection with the housing 201. The upper end of the piston rod 111 extends into the sliding cylinder 203, the lower end of the piston rod 111 is fixedly connected with the shell 201, the shell 201 has the function of preventing the sliding cylinder 203 from shaking left and right, and the whole retarder is convenient to be installed on a rail. Optionally, a through hole is formed at the bottom of the housing 201 for the piston rod 111 to pass through, the piston rod 111 passes through the through hole and extends out of the housing, a connecting hole is formed at the bottom end of the piston rod 111, and the piston rod 111 can be axially limited on the housing 201 by passing through the connecting hole through a piston fixing member 202 such as a cotter pin. The piston rod 111 and the housing 201 may also be connected by screws, and the fixed connection structure thereof is not limited herein.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4, a water-proof groove is formed at the end of the piston rod 111 connected to the housing 201, and a second sealing member 204 is disposed in the water-proof groove. The second seal 204 abuts against the outer wall of the piston rod 111 and the inner wall of the housing 201, so that the housing 201 is sealed inside. The second seal 204 may alternatively be an O-ring seal. The position of the water-repellent tank is not limited here.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the housing 201 and the sliding cylinder 101 are sealed by a fifth seal, and the shape and number of the fifth seal are not limited herein.

In one embodiment, a height increasing pad is further provided between the piston rod 111 and the housing 201, and a plane on which the height increasing pad is located is perpendicular to an axial direction of the piston rod 111. The function of the heightening pad is to adjust the height of the piston rod 111 relative to the housing 201 for compensating the height difference between the new rail and the old rail, and to prevent the irreparable damage of the retarder caused by the retarder being pushed away by the vehicle barrier.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, a connecting arm is provided on one side of the housing 201, a rail connecting hole is provided on the connecting arm, and a connecting hole adapted to the rail connecting hole is correspondingly reserved on the rail, so that the housing 201 can be fixed on the rail by a rail fastener such as a screw.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims

1. Retarder, its characterized in that: the hydraulic oil cylinder assembly comprises an oil cylinder assembly and a base assembly connected with the oil cylinder assembly, wherein the oil cylinder assembly comprises:

one end of the piston rod extends into the sliding oil cylinder, a valve core which is connected with the piston rod in a sliding way is arranged at one end of the piston rod, a pressure elastic piece is arranged between the valve core and the piston rod, and the other end of the piston rod is connected with the base assembly;

The throttle seat is in sliding connection with the sliding oil cylinder, the throttle seat is sleeved on the periphery of the piston rod, an orifice is formed in the throttle seat, an oil way for hydraulic oil to circulate is formed between the throttle seat and the piston rod, the throttle seat is annular, the oil way is formed between the inner wall of the throttle seat and the outer wall of the piston rod, and a first sealing piece is arranged between the throttle seat and the sliding oil cylinder;

The speed judging structure is arranged on the periphery of the piston rod and used for blocking the oil way, and comprises a speed judging elastic piece and a speed judging valve plate used for blocking the oil way, one end of the speed judging elastic piece is abutted against the piston plate, and the other end of the speed judging elastic piece is abutted against the speed judging valve plate;

When the vehicle is greater than the critical speed, hydraulic oil pushes the speed judging structure to enable the speed judging valve plate to be in contact with the throttling seat so as to block the oil way, force the hydraulic oil to push the valve core, separate the valve core from the valve cover, open the pressure release loop, start pressure release work, consume part of kinetic energy of the vehicle and reduce the running speed of the vehicle; after the pressure relief is finished, the sliding oil cylinder returns upwards, the inner wall of the sliding oil cylinder and the first sealing piece are in friction action, the sliding oil cylinder drives the throttling seat to move upwards simultaneously, the speed judging valve plate is kept in contact with the throttling seat, the oil way is in a blocking state, hydraulic oil can only slowly flow to the other side of the throttling seat through the throttling hole, and the return speed of the sliding oil cylinder is controlled through the oil pressure difference between the upper side and the lower side of the throttling seat, so that the sliding oil cylinder is prevented from generating return recoil force to a vehicle;

2. The retarder according to claim 1, wherein: the periphery of the piston rod is provided with a shaft shoulder for limiting the throttle seat, and the throttle seat is arranged between the speed judging valve plate and the shaft shoulder.

3. The retarder according to claim 2, wherein: and a piston plate is further arranged between the throttle seat and the shaft shoulder, the piston plate is fixed on the periphery of the piston rod, and an oil hole communicated with the oil way is formed in the piston plate.

4. The retarder according to claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the throttling seat is provided with an annular groove, and the first sealing piece is arranged in the annular groove.

5. The retarder according to claim 1, wherein: the valve cover is fixed at one end of the piston rod extending into the sliding oil cylinder, the valve cover is provided with an oil drain hole, one end of the valve core is conical, and the end of the valve core extends into the oil drain hole and is used for being abutted to the wall of the oil drain hole.

6. The retarder according to claim 1, wherein: the sealing cover is in threaded connection with the sliding oil cylinder, a check ring groove is formed in the sealing cover and the sliding oil cylinder together, and a check ring used for preventing the sealing cover and the sliding oil cylinder from generating axial relative movement is arranged in the check ring groove.

7. The retarder according to any of claims 1-6, wherein: the base assembly comprises a shell and a shell fixing piece used for fixing the shell and the steel rail, one end of the sliding oil cylinder stretches into the shell, and the piston rod is fixedly connected with the shell.

8. The retarder according to claim 7, wherein: the waterproof groove is formed in one end, connected with the shell, of the piston rod, and a second sealing piece is arranged in the waterproof groove.

9. The retarder according to claim 7, wherein: and a heightening pad is arranged between the piston rod and the shell, and the plane where the heightening pad is located is vertical to the axial direction of the piston rod.