CN109787927A - Modulation Identification method and apparatus based on deep learning - Google Patents

Modulation Identification method and apparatus based on deep learning Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109787927A
CN109787927A CN201910003499.4A CN201910003499A CN109787927A CN 109787927 A CN109787927 A CN 109787927A CN 201910003499 A CN201910003499 A CN 201910003499A CN 109787927 A CN109787927 A CN 109787927A
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model
signal
frequency characteristics
processed
layer
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张跃进
李波
黄德昌
梅艳
展爱云
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Jingmen Boqian Information Technology Co Ltd
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Jingmen Boqian Information Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The Modulation Identification method and apparatus based on deep learning that this application involves a kind of, which comprises the filter that signal to be processed inputs in pretreated model, with pretreated model is subjected to convolution algorithm;Sampling and normalized are carried out to the result of convolution algorithm, obtain time-frequency characteristics;Time-frequency characteristics are handled, determine the modulation type of signal to be processed.Deep learning algorithm is introduced the treatment process of signal of communication by this method, pretreated model is constructed using deep learning algorithm, to extract the time-frequency characteristics of signal of communication, recognition efficiency is high, and the type of manageable modulating mode can be expanded by autonomous learning;The ability that this method makes communication equipment or machine have autonomous learning, independently update, so that preferably reply mobile communications network develops brought problem and challenge.

Description

Modulation Identification method and apparatus based on deep learning
Technical field
This application involves signal of communication processing technology fields, and in particular to a kind of Modulation Identification method based on deep learning And device.
Background technique
5th third-generation mobile communication technology of the continuous promotion with user to mobile communication demand, higher speed more wideband is met the tendency of And it gives birth to.With the development of the 5th third-generation mobile communication technology, the variation of communication environment is more complicated, in order to improve the utilization rate of frequency band And guarantee transmission reliability, it needs using a variety of different modulation systems.The purpose of Modulation Identification is exactly, be in more modulation It can be to the modulating mode of the signal of communication received under the background of signal simultaneous transmission and under the environment of priori conditions deficiency It is correctly identified, provides foundation for next analysis signal, processing signal.
In signal of communication processing, feature extraction is a vital step.Traditional feature extraction algorithm is based on artificial Analysis extracts cyclic cumulants, the higher-order spectrum of signal in conjunction with the methods of statistics by determining data transformation for mula and method Feature etc. such as obtains the time-frequency characteristics of signal dependent on STFT (Short Time Fourier Transform), then therefrom statistics obtains the height of signal Rank counts measure feature etc..
In the related technology, identification technology is the frame based on expertise and predefined mathematical model, needs human intervention Statistical analysis process after feature extraction, and extraction.Which is larger by subjective impact, varies with each individual, and problem also compares It is more, for example recognition efficiency is low, the modulation system that can identify is limited etc..Once there is new modulating mode, then it is original Recognition methods would generally fail.
As it can be seen that depending on complex man's work point in the case where frequency spectrum resource efficient multiplexing demand, communication environment variation are complicated Analysis extract feature conventional communication signals identification technology often have greatly it is limiting, can no longer meet actual use need It asks.
Summary of the invention
To be overcome the problems, such as present in the relevant technologies at least to a certain extent, the application provides a kind of based on deep learning Modulation Identification method and apparatus.
According to the embodiment of the present application in a first aspect, providing a kind of Modulation Identification method based on deep learning, comprising:
The filter that signal to be processed inputs in pretreated model, with pretreated model is subjected to convolution algorithm;
Sampling and normalized are carried out to the result of convolution algorithm, obtain time-frequency characteristics;
Time-frequency characteristics are handled, determine the modulation type of signal to be processed.
Further, the pretreated model be Boltzmann machine is limited by convolution trained in advance, including input layer, Hidden layer and output layer;
The input layer includes two channels, is respectively used to input the real and imaginary parts of signal to be processed.
Further, the training method of the pretreated model includes:
Input training sample and learning rate;
Initialization model parameter;
Successively each of training sample data are sent into model and are iterated operation, and mould is updated according to learning rate Shape parameter.
Further, the model parameter includes:
Filter parameter, the amount of bias of input layer, the amount of bias of hidden layer.
Further, the result to convolution algorithm carries out sampling and normalized, comprising:
The length of filter is obtained from filter parameter;
Sampling step length is determined according to the length of filter;
It is sampled according to result of the sampling step length to convolution algorithm;
Result after sampling is substituted into preset standardization formula, is normalized.
It is further, described that time-frequency characteristics are handled, comprising:
Time-frequency characteristics input feature vector is extracted into model and carries out operation, obtains characteristic parameter;
Characteristic parameter input disaggregated model is handled, classification results are obtained.
Further, the modulation type for determining signal to be processed, comprising:
The modulation type of signal to be processed is determined according to classification results.
Further, the Feature Selection Model is that convolution is limited Boltzmann machine, including input layer, hidden layer and output Layer;
The disaggregated model is back propagation artificial neural network model.
Further, the Feature Selection Model is identical as the structure of the pretreated model, and model parameter is different.
According to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a kind of Modulation Identification device based on deep learning is provided, comprising:
Preprocessing module, the filter for inputting signal to be processed in pretreated model, with pretreated model carry out Convolution algorithm;
Sampling module carries out sampling and normalized for the result to convolution algorithm, obtains time-frequency characteristics;
Discrimination module determines the modulation type of signal to be processed for handling time-frequency characteristics.
The technical solution that embodiments herein provides can include the following benefits:
Deep learning algorithm is introduced the treatment process of signal of communication by this method, and pre- place is constructed using deep learning algorithm Model is managed, to extract the time-frequency characteristics of signal of communication, recognition efficiency is high, and can expand and can locate by autonomous learning The type of the modulating mode of reason.The ability that this method makes communication equipment or machine have autonomous learning, independently update, thus more preferably It copes with mobile communications network and develops brought problem and challenge in ground.
It should be understood that above general description and following detailed description be only it is exemplary and explanatory, not The application can be limited.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and forms part of this specification, and shows the implementation for meeting the application Example, and together with specification it is used to explain the principle of the application.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of Modulation Identification method based on deep learning shown according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 2 is that single layer convolution is limited Boltzmann machine structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is mapping relations schematic diagram of the CRBM network visible layer to hidden layer.
Fig. 4 is a kind of circuit block of Modulation Identification device based on deep learning shown according to an exemplary embodiment Figure.
Specific embodiment
Example embodiments are described in detail here, and the example is illustrated in the accompanying drawings.Following description is related to When attached drawing, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings indicate the same or similar elements.Following exemplary embodiment Described in embodiment do not represent all embodiments consistent with the application.On the contrary, they be only with it is such as appended The example of the consistent device and method of some aspects be described in detail in claims, the application.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of Modulation Identification method based on deep learning shown according to an exemplary embodiment. Method includes the following steps:
Step 101: the filter that signal to be processed inputs in pretreated model, with pretreated model is subjected to convolution fortune It calculates;
Step 102: sampling and normalized being carried out to the result of convolution algorithm, obtain time-frequency characteristics;
Step 103: time-frequency characteristics being handled, determine the modulation type of signal to be processed.
Deep learning algorithm is introduced the treatment process of signal of communication by this method, and pre- place is constructed using deep learning algorithm Model is managed, to extract the time-frequency characteristics of signal of communication, recognition efficiency is high, and can expand and can locate by autonomous learning The type of the modulating mode of reason.The ability that this method makes communication equipment or machine have autonomous learning, independently update, thus more preferably It copes with mobile communications network and develops brought problem and challenge in ground.
In some embodiments, the pretreated model is the limited Boltzmann machine of process convolution trained in advance, including defeated Enter layer, hidden layer and output layer;
The input layer includes two channels, is respectively used to input the real and imaginary parts of signal to be processed.
Referring to Fig. 2, convolution is limited Boltzmann machine (convolutional restricted Boltzmann Machine, CRBM) it is a kind of extension on the basis of limited Boltzmann machine (RBM), the convolution in convolutional neural networks is grasped It applies in RBM and just generates a kind of new model --- CRBM.Single layer CRBM structure is input layer respectively by up of three-layer (visible layer) V, hidden layer H and output layer (pond layer) P.
Referring to Fig. 3, the detailed process that CRBM network is mapped to hidden layer from input layer is embodied, example is filter in figure Size is 3 × 3, and the filter for having K group different carries out convolution with the data of input layer respectively, finally obtains K group hidden layer.Separately Outside, for neural network, it is also necessary to which amount of bias is set, and a critically important characteristic of CRBM network is that biasing is shared, i.e., defeated Enter the shared biasing c of layer, every layer of hidden layer shares a biasing bk, the parameter of trained network is greatly reduced, can be improved The speed of network training.The last layer is pond layer, and common pondization operation includes maximum value pond, mean value pond etc., Chi Hua Refer to and certain characteristic statistics carried out to the region of specified size, such as mean value pond is exactly to take mean value in a certain zonule the most Output.Pond layer can reduce trained parameter, and can also prevent the appearance of over-fitting.
For embodiments herein, it is by an input layer that pretreated model essence, which is exactly a CRBM structure, (or visible layer), a hidden layer and an output layer composition.Input layer is made of the real value unit array of Nc × Nv, wherein Nc Represent be signal port number, the Nc=2 in this model, input be respectively modulated signal real and imaginary parts, Nv is letter Number sampling quantity.Hidden layer is made of " Ng group ", wherein each group be a 1 × Nh real value unit array, cause to export Corresponding Ng × Nh the binary unit of layer, wherein binary value indicates the state of activation of each unit in hidden layer.It is each implicit The group of layer is associated with Nc × Nw filter, and filter weight is shared between all positions of signal in organizing.It is noticeable It is relationship between parameter is Nh=Nv-Nw+1.
The filter that input signal is 1 with step-length in convolutional layer carries out convolution, but not all time point is all It needs.It notices in STFT, sliding window is usually laminated in the 1/3 of length of window, and 1/2,2/3, this facilitates in short-term Interior acquisition information, and ensure that no information is lost.Similarly, after convolutional layer, sample level is introduced in what we constructed In network.Data volume can be greatly reduced in this way, to reduce the calculation amount and training complexity in subsequent network.In this model In, the step-length stride that we set down-sampling is related with the length of filter, stride=Nw/2.
If for the average value of each input variable close to zero, covariance is approximately equal (such as 1) on training set, then speed is restrained Degree is usually faster.Heuristic it shall apply to all levels in addition, this.If input data by sigmoid function before being activated It is not normalized, then the value after activating will enter flat site, and output layer will restrain and lead to important reconstructed error.For This, input data and output data with zero-mean and identical covariance are arranged using normalization layer (more precisely, assisting 1) variance both is set to.Referred to as the standardized method of " Z score " can indicate are as follows:
Wherein x is the data of input, and μ is the mean value of input data, and δ is the variance of input data.
In some embodiments, the training method of the pretreated model includes:
Input training sample and learning rate;
Initialization model parameter;
Successively each of training sample data are sent into model and are iterated operation, and mould is updated according to learning rate Shape parameter.
In some embodiments, the model parameter includes:
Filter parameter, the amount of bias of input layer, the amount of bias of hidden layer.
Wherein, filter parameter includes filter length Nw, the amount of bias of input layer include input layer shared one partially C is set, the amount of bias of hidden layer includes the biasing b of every layer of hidden layerk, initialization is using random initializtion.
In some embodiments, the result to convolution algorithm carries out sampling and normalized, comprising:
The length of filter is obtained from filter parameter;
Sampling step length is determined according to the length of filter;
It is sampled according to result of the sampling step length to convolution algorithm;
Result after sampling is substituted into preset standardization formula, is normalized.
It is described that time-frequency characteristics are handled in some embodiments, comprising:
Time-frequency characteristics input feature vector is extracted into model and carries out operation, obtains characteristic parameter;
Characteristic parameter input disaggregated model is handled, classification results are obtained.
In some embodiments, the modulation type for determining signal to be processed, comprising:
The modulation type of signal to be processed is determined according to classification results.
In some embodiments, the Feature Selection Model be convolution be limited Boltzmann machine, including input layer, hidden layer and Output layer;
The disaggregated model is back propagation artificial neural network model.
In some embodiments, the Feature Selection Model is identical as the structure of the pretreated model, and model parameter is different.
Fig. 4 is a kind of circuit block of Modulation Identification device based on deep learning shown according to an exemplary embodiment Figure.The device includes:
Preprocessing module 401, for by signal to be processed input pretreated model, with pretreated model in filter into Row convolution algorithm;
Sampling module 402 carries out sampling and normalized for the result to convolution algorithm, obtains time-frequency characteristics;
Discrimination module 403 determines the modulation type of signal to be processed for handling time-frequency characteristics.
About the device in above-described embodiment, wherein modules execute the concrete mode of operation in related this method Embodiment in be described in detail, no detailed explanation will be given here.
It is understood that same or similar part can mutually refer in the various embodiments described above, in some embodiments Unspecified content may refer to the same or similar content in other embodiments.
It should be noted that term " first ", " second " etc. are used for description purposes only in the description of the present application, without It can be interpreted as indication or suggestion relative importance.In addition, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of " multiple " Refer at least two.
Any process described otherwise above or method description are construed as in flow chart or herein, and expression includes It is one or more for realizing specific logical function or process the step of executable instruction code module, segment or portion Point, and the range of the preferred embodiment of the application includes other realization, wherein can not press shown or discussed suitable Sequence, including according to related function by it is basic simultaneously in the way of or in the opposite order, Lai Zhihang function, this should be by the application Embodiment person of ordinary skill in the field understood.
It should be appreciated that each section of the application can be realized with hardware, software, firmware or their combination.Above-mentioned In embodiment, software that multiple steps or method can be executed in memory and by suitable instruction execution system with storage Or firmware is realized.It, and in another embodiment, can be under well known in the art for example, if realized with hardware Any one of column technology or their combination are realized: having a logic gates for realizing logic function to data-signal Discrete logic, with suitable combinational logic gate circuit specific integrated circuit, programmable gate array (PGA), scene Programmable gate array (FPGA) etc..
Those skilled in the art are understood that realize all or part of step that above-described embodiment method carries It suddenly is that relevant hardware can be instructed to complete by program, the program can store in a kind of computer-readable storage medium In matter, which when being executed, includes the steps that one or a combination set of embodiment of the method.
It, can also be in addition, can integrate in a processing module in each functional unit in each embodiment of the application It is that each unit physically exists alone, can also be integrated in two or more units in a module.Above-mentioned integrated mould Block both can take the form of hardware realization, can also be realized in the form of software function module.The integrated module is such as Fruit is realized and when sold or used as an independent product in the form of software function module, also can store in a computer In read/write memory medium.
Storage medium mentioned above can be read-only memory, disk or CD etc..
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example Point is contained at least one embodiment or example of the application.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not Centainly refer to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be any One or more embodiment or examples in can be combined in any suitable manner.
Although embodiments herein has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example Property, it should not be understood as the limitation to the application, those skilled in the art within the scope of application can be to above-mentioned Embodiment is changed, modifies, replacement and variant.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of Modulation Identification method based on deep learning characterized by comprising
The filter that signal to be processed inputs in pretreated model, with pretreated model is subjected to convolution algorithm;
Sampling and normalized are carried out to the result of convolution algorithm, obtain time-frequency characteristics;
Time-frequency characteristics are handled, determine the modulation type of signal to be processed.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: the pretreated model be by convolution trained in advance by Limit Boltzmann machine, including input layer, hidden layer and output layer;
The input layer includes two channels, is respectively used to input the real and imaginary parts of signal to be processed.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the training method of the pretreated model includes:
Input training sample and learning rate;
Initialization model parameter;
Successively each of training sample data are sent into model and are iterated operation, and are joined according to learning rate more new model Number.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the model parameter includes:
Filter parameter, the amount of bias of input layer, the amount of bias of hidden layer.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the result to convolution algorithm is sampled and is normalized Processing, comprising:
The length of filter is obtained from filter parameter;
Sampling step length is determined according to the length of filter;
It is sampled according to result of the sampling step length to convolution algorithm;
Result after sampling is substituted into preset standardization formula, is normalized.
6. method according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that described to handle time-frequency characteristics, comprising:
Time-frequency characteristics input feature vector is extracted into model and carries out operation, obtains characteristic parameter;
Characteristic parameter input disaggregated model is handled, classification results are obtained.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the modulation type for determining signal to be processed, comprising:
The modulation type of signal to be processed is determined according to classification results.
8. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized by: the Feature Selection Model is that convolution is limited Boltzmann Machine, including input layer, hidden layer and output layer;
The disaggregated model is back propagation artificial neural network model.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized by: the knot of the Feature Selection Model and the pretreated model Structure is identical, and model parameter is different.
10. a kind of Modulation Identification device based on deep learning characterized by comprising
Preprocessing module, the filter for inputting signal to be processed in pretreated model, with pretreated model carry out convolution Operation;
Sampling module carries out sampling and normalized for the result to convolution algorithm, obtains time-frequency characteristics;
Discrimination module determines the modulation type of signal to be processed for handling time-frequency characteristics.
CN201910003499.4A 2019-01-03 2019-01-03 Modulation Identification method and apparatus based on deep learning Withdrawn CN109787927A (en)

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Application publication date: 20190521