CN109787561A - The generator of linear FM signal - Google Patents
The generator of linear FM signal Download PDFInfo
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- CN109787561A CN109787561A CN201910092688.3A CN201910092688A CN109787561A CN 109787561 A CN109787561 A CN 109787561A CN 201910092688 A CN201910092688 A CN 201910092688A CN 109787561 A CN109787561 A CN 109787561A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of generator of linear FM signal, generator is for generating linear FM signal to be transmitted, comprising: crystal oscillator generates reference signal；Phase discriminator is compared the output signal of reference signal and voltage controlled oscillator, and output pulse signal；Loop filter generates the tuning voltage for being applied to voltage controlled oscillator；Fundamental wave generator for generating triangular wave, triangular wave and binary data to be transmitted by multiplier, sum by the tuning voltage generated with loop filter, carries out voltage control to voltage controlled oscillator jointly；And voltage controlled oscillator exports modulated linear FM signal to be transmitted.The generator of linear FM signal provided by the invention can guarantee the signal frequency consecutive variations in entire emission process, reduce transit time, the slow problem of convergence rate caused by frequency hopping when preventing swept-frequency signal, effectively improves the transmission rate of system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to linear frequency modulations, especially with regard to a kind of generator of linear FM signal.
Background technique
It is a kind of spread-spectrum signal that linear FM signal, which is also referred to as Chirp signal, shows chirped characteristic, the frequency of signal
Rate linear change with the variation of time, is also Linear chirp.In radar detection, underwater sound communication, laser communication, ultra-wide
A large amount of application has been obtained in band communication and LORA communication.
In a communications system, it is communicated using the sweep characteristic of Chirp signal, such as sweep velocity, the expressions such as frequency sweep direction
Data symbol achievees the effect that spread spectrum, this communication mode spread using Chirp signal are referred to as Chirp spread spectrum
(CSS) communication system.Chirp spread spectrum communication system is big in addition to there is the processing gain of conventional spread spectrum communication system, anti-fading ability
By force, the features such as the advantages that ability of anti-interception is strong, it is low that there are also power spectral densities, and anti-deviation capability is strong, and system power dissipation is low.
It is presently mainly to directly control voltage controlled oscillator (full name in English: voltage- with analog signal that Chirp signal, which generates,
Controlled oscillator, abbreviation: VCO) Chirp signal is generated, this method is easy to accomplish, and sweep linearity is good.But
When being that current communication system is realized, generallys use and chirp signal is generated using sawtooth wave, the waveform of sawtooth wave is as shown in Figure 1, figure
Middle expression is continuous 3 symbols, and the information bit of hair is complete 1.On the boundary of distinct symbols, control voltage has very greatly sawtooth wave
Jump, cause the output frequency of VCO to have a very big jump, the output frequency of VCO is needed could be with by one section of transit time
Track is in place.The output time-frequency waveform of Fig. 2 is fundamental wave when being sawtooth waveform VCO, at this point, two character boundary occurrence frequencies are jumped
Become, but phaselocked loop needs the time of Δ t that could track in place, this period can not correctly demodulate in receiving end, reduce communication
The demodulation performance of system, if this section of transit time proportion is excessive in the case where high symbol rate, will lead to can not be correct
Demodulated signal cannot restore initial data.
Based on this, the inventors of the present application found that it is existing using VCO control Chirp modulation scheme, due to exist
The frequency hopping of character boundary, transit time is long, so cannot achieve the communication system of the Chirp modulation of high code rate.
The information disclosed in the background technology section is intended only to increase the understanding to general background of the invention, without answering
When being considered as recognizing or imply that the information constitutes the prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art in any form.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of generators of linear FM signal, can overcome the frequency of character boundary
Jump.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of generators of linear FM signal, and the generator is for producing
Raw linear FM signal to be transmitted, comprising: crystal oscillator, phase discriminator, loop filter, voltage controlled oscillator and fundamental wave generator；
The crystal oscillator gives the phase discriminator for generating reference signal, and by the reference signal transmission；Described in the phase discriminator receives
The output signal of reference signal and the voltage controlled oscillator believes the output of the reference signal and the voltage controlled oscillator
It number is compared, and output pulse signal；The loop filter is filtered the pulse signal, is applied to institute to generate
State the tuning voltage of voltage controlled oscillator；The fundamental wave generator is for generating triangular wave, wherein in the triangular wave a cycle
Starting point, terminal frequency be fc, peak frequencies fc+B/2, trough frequency be fc-B/2, B be FM signal bandwidth；Described three
By multiplier, the tuning voltage generated with loop filter is summed for angle wave and binary data to be transmitted, common right
Voltage controlled oscillator carries out voltage control；And the voltage controlled oscillator exports modulated linear FM signal to be transmitted.
In a preferred embodiment, the generator further includes frequency divider；The output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator
Phase discriminator is transmitted to by the frequency divider.
In a preferred embodiment, when the phase discriminator is digital phase discriminator, the generator further includes modulus
Converter；The output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator is transmitted to digital phase discriminator by the analog-digital converter.
In a preferred embodiment, when the phase discriminator is digital phase discriminator, the generator further includes modulus
Converter；The output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator is transmitted to digital phase detection by the analog-digital converter and the frequency divider
Device.
Compared with prior art, the generator of linear FM signal according to the present invention generates reference signal by crystal oscillator；
Phase discriminator is compared the output signal of the reference signal and the voltage controlled oscillator, and output pulse signal；Loop
Filter is filtered the pulse signal, to generate the tuning voltage for being applied to the voltage controlled oscillator；Fundamental wave generator
For generating triangular wave, wherein starting point, terminal frequency in the triangular wave a cycle are fc, peak frequencies fc+B/2,
Trough frequency is fc-B/2, and B is FM signal bandwidth；The triangular wave and binary data to be transmitted pass through multiplier, with
The tuning voltage that loop filter generates is summed, and carries out voltage control to voltage controlled oscillator jointly；Voltage controlled oscillator output
Modulated linear FM signal to be transmitted, it is ensured that the signal frequency consecutive variations in entire emission process reduce
Transit time, the slow problem of convergence rate caused by frequency hopping when preventing swept-frequency signal effectively improve system
Transmission rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the sawtooth waveform of continuous multiple signals in the prior art according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the output waveform of VCO when fundamental wave in the prior art is sawtooth waveform according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the time-frequency figure of chirp signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the generator architecture schematic diagram of linear FM signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the triangular wave time-frequency figure of the generator of linear FM signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the generator architecture schematic diagram of linear FM signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the generator architecture schematic diagram of linear FM signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the generator architecture schematic diagram of linear FM signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the control waveform diagram of the VCO of the generator of linear FM signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the output waveform figure of the VCO of the generator of linear FM signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 be according to an embodiment of the present invention when sawtooth wave as modulation fundamental wave when, the control waveform of VCO with it is defeated
Comparison of wave shape figure out.
Figure 12 be according to an embodiment of the present invention when triangular wave as modulation fundamental wave when, the control waveform of VCO with it is defeated
Comparison of wave shape figure out.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail, it is to be understood that guarantor of the invention
Shield range is not limited by the specific implementation.
Unless otherwise explicitly stated, otherwise in entire disclosure and claims, term " includes " or its change
Changing such as "comprising" or " including " etc. will be understood to comprise stated element or component, and not exclude other members
Part or other component parts.
The generation of linear frequency modulation Chirp signal has analog- and digital- two methods at present, and simulation has active technique and passive method, has
Source method is to directly control voltage controlled oscillator (full name in English: voltage-controlled oscillator, contracting with simulation restricting the number
Write: VCO) Chirp signal is generated, this method is easy to accomplish, and sweep linearity is good, and passive method is that (English is complete with surface acoustic wave
Claim: Surface Acoustic Wave, abbreviation: SAW) device generation Chirp signal, at low cost, precision is high, but parameter is solid
It is fixed, it is inflexible for use；The method of number is using Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizers (full name in English: Direct Digital
Synthesizer, abbreviation: DDS) generate Chirp signal, but cost of implementation is high.
Chirp signal, when swept bandwidth is B, and the frequency sweep time is T, basic Linear chirp are as follows:
Wherein:
t∈[0,T)
fcFor carrier frequency.
Fig. 3 is the time-frequency figure of chirp signal according to an embodiment of the present invention, and frequency is fc-B/2 at time 0, with
The time increase, frequency linearity variation, when to moment T, frequency becomes fc+B/2, and entire swept frequency range is B, sweep velocity
For B/T.
As shown in figure 4, the generator architecture schematic diagram of linear FM signal according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, described
Generator is for generating modulated linear FM signal to be transmitted, comprising: crystal oscillator 1, phase discriminator (full name in English:
Phasedetector, abbreviation: PD) 2, loop filter (full name in English: Loop Filter, abbreviation: LF) 3, voltage controlled oscillator
VCO4 and fundamental wave generator 5；
Crystal oscillator 1 gives the phase discriminator 2 for generating reference signal, and by the reference signal transmission.
The phase discriminator 2 receives the output signal of the reference signal and the voltage controlled oscillator 4, believes the benchmark
Number and the output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator 4 be compared, and output pulse signal.
Specifically, phase discriminator 2 is used for the phase of benchmark signal and VCO.Specifically, phase detector can also include
Charge pump.
The loop filter 3 is filtered the pulse signal, specifically to the charge by Phase-Frequency wave detector
Current impulse caused by pumping is integrated, to generate the tuning voltage for being applied to the voltage controlled oscillator 4.
The fundamental wave generator 5 is for generating triangular wave, wherein starting point, terminal frequency in the triangular wave a cycle
Rate is fc, and peak frequencies fc+B/2, trough frequency is fc-B/2, and B is FM signal bandwidth, as shown in figure 5, according to the present invention
The triangular wave time-frequency figure of the generator of the linear FM signal of preferred embodiment.
Wherein, the triangular wave and binary data to be transmitted are by multiplier, the tuning generated with loop filter 3
Voltage is summed, and carries out voltage control to voltage controlled oscillator 4 jointly.If binary data is 0,1 form, then for
Chirp+OOK modulation, if binary data is ± 1 form, for Chirp+BOK modulation.
The voltage controlled oscillator 4 exports modulated linear FM signal to be transmitted.
It should be noted that replacing the sawtooth wave in original method, as tune using the waveform in figure in a communications system
The fundamental wave of system.This waveform is by two triangle wave components, and each symbol frequency sweep is divided into three sections, the frequency phase of the beginning and end of symbol
Together, frequency hopping is avoided, the transit time of the Chirp signal of generation is shorter, is advantageously implemented high-speed communication.
The generator of linear FM signal provided in this embodiment as a result, by crystal oscillator for generating reference signal；Phase demodulation
Device is compared the output signal of the reference signal and the voltage controlled oscillator, and output pulse signal；Loop filtering
Device is filtered the pulse signal, to generate the tuning voltage for being applied to the voltage controlled oscillator；Fundamental wave generator is used for
Generate triangular wave, wherein starting point, terminal frequency in the triangular wave a cycle are fc, peak frequencies fc+B/2, trough
Frequency is fc-B/2, and B is FM signal bandwidth；The triangular wave and binary data to be transmitted are by multiplier, with loop
The tuning voltage that filter generates is summed, and carries out voltage control to voltage controlled oscillator jointly；Voltage controlled oscillator output is to be passed
Defeated modulated linear FM signal, it is ensured that the signal frequency consecutive variations in entire emission process reduce transition
Time, the slow problem of convergence rate caused by frequency hopping when preventing swept-frequency signal effectively improve the biography of system
Defeated rate.
Also, communication system directly generates Chirp signal by controlling VCO4, realizes that structure is simple, at low cost.
As shown in fig. 6, the generator architecture schematic diagram of linear FM signal according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, described
Generator further includes frequency divider 6；The output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator 4 is transmitted to phase discriminator PD by the frequency divider 6.
Wherein, the frequency of VCO4 is reduced to original 1/N for dividing to VCO4 by frequency divider 6.Realize work
The easy adjustment of frequency.Processor will be simply a new frequency division value " write-in " to the register being located in phase-locked loop pll
In, the working frequency of VCO4 is updated, and thus change the working channel of wireless device.Phaselocked loop is usually filtered by phase discriminator, loop
Wave device and voltage controlled oscillator three parts composition.
As shown in fig. 7, the generator architecture schematic diagram of linear FM signal according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, works as institute
State phase discriminator 2 be digital phase discriminator when, the generator further includes analog-digital converter 7；The output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator 4
Digital phase discriminator is transmitted to by the analog-digital converter 7.
As shown in figure 8, the generator architecture schematic diagram of linear FM signal according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, works as institute
State phase discriminator 2 be digital phase discriminator when, the generator further includes analog-digital converter 7；The output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator 4
Digital phase discriminator is transmitted to by the analog-digital converter 7 and the frequency divider 6.
For multiple continuous symbols, the triangular wave in application the present embodiment controls to generate chirp VCO below
The process of signal, is specifically described.
As shown in figure 9, the control waveform of the VCO of the generator of linear FM signal according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention
Scheme, the control waveform of the linear frequency sweep of continuous 3 symbols is shown, the frequency sweep direction of each symbol is different, respectively generation in figure
The different information symbol of table.As shown in Figure 10, the VCO of the generator of linear FM signal according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention
Output waveform figure.
As shown in figure 11, preferred embodiment is when sawtooth wave is as the fundamental wave modulated according to the present invention, the control wave of VCO
Shape and output waveform comparison diagram.In figure, 1 blue of curve is control waveform, and red curve 2 is VCO output waveform.The two it
Between normalization error MSE are as follows: -11.5dB.
As shown in figure 12, preferred embodiment is when triangular wave is as the fundamental wave modulated according to the present invention, the control wave of VCO
Shape and output waveform comparison diagram.In figure, 1 blue of curve is control waveform, and red curve 2 is VCO output waveform.The two it
Between normalization error MSE are as follows: -28dB.
Pass through the generator of linear FM signal provided by the present application as a result, it is ensured that in entire emission process
Signal frequency consecutive variations, the slow problem of convergence rate caused by frequency hopping when preventing swept-frequency signal, effectively mention
The high transmission rate of system.
The aforementioned description to specific exemplary embodiment of the invention is in order to illustrate and illustration purpose.These descriptions
It is not wishing to limit the invention to disclosed precise forms, and it will be apparent that according to the above instruction, can much be changed
And variation.The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiment is that explaining specific principle of the invention and its actually answering
With so that those skilled in the art can be realized and utilize a variety of different exemplary implementation schemes of the invention and
Various chooses and changes.The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by claims and its equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of generator of linear FM signal, the generator is for generating linear FM signal to be transmitted, feature
It is, comprising: crystal oscillator, phase discriminator, loop filter, voltage controlled oscillator and fundamental wave generator；
The crystal oscillator gives the phase discriminator for generating reference signal, and by the reference signal transmission；
The phase discriminator receives the output signal of the reference signal and the voltage controlled oscillator, to the reference signal and
The output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator is compared, and output pulse signal；
The loop filter is filtered the pulse signal, to generate the tuning electricity for being applied to the voltage controlled oscillator
Pressure；
The fundamental wave generator is for generating triangular wave, wherein starting point, terminal frequency in the triangular wave a cycle are
Fc, peak frequencies fc+B/2, trough frequency are fc-B/2, and B is FM signal bandwidth；
By multiplier, the tuning voltage generated with loop filter is asked for the triangular wave and binary data to be transmitted
With, jointly to voltage controlled oscillator carry out voltage control；And
The voltage controlled oscillator exports modulated linear FM signal to be transmitted.
2. generator as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the generator further includes frequency divider；The voltage controlled oscillation
The output signal of device is transmitted to phase discriminator by the frequency divider.
3. generator as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that when the phase discriminator is digital phase discriminator, the generation
Device further includes analog-digital converter；
The output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator is transmitted to digital phase discriminator by the analog-digital converter.
4. generator as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that when the phase discriminator is digital phase discriminator, the generation
Device further includes analog-digital converter；
The output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator is transmitted to digital phase discriminator by the analog-digital converter and the frequency divider.
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| US20030210337A1 (en) * | 2002-05-09 | 2003-11-13 | Hall Wallace E. | Wireless digital still image transmitter and control between computer or camera and television |
| CN1731680A (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2006-02-08 | 曹伟勋 | Frequency modulator for directly modulating VCO and modulating method |
| JP2009284074A (en) * | 2008-05-20 | 2009-12-03 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Chirp signal generating device |
| CN103634002A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-03-12 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Real-time calibration system and method for broadband VCO (Voltage Controlled Oscillator) linearity |
| CN107026646A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2017-08-08 | 恩智浦有限公司 | Digital phase-locked loop |
-
2019
- 2019-01-30 CN CN201910092688.3A patent/CN109787561A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030210337A1 (en) * | 2002-05-09 | 2003-11-13 | Hall Wallace E. | Wireless digital still image transmitter and control between computer or camera and television |
| CN1731680A (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2006-02-08 | 曹伟勋 | Frequency modulator for directly modulating VCO and modulating method |
| JP2009284074A (en) * | 2008-05-20 | 2009-12-03 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Chirp signal generating device |
| CN103634002A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-03-12 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Real-time calibration system and method for broadband VCO (Voltage Controlled Oscillator) linearity |
| CN107026646A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2017-08-08 | 恩智浦有限公司 | Digital phase-locked loop |
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| Title |
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