CN109787294A - A kind of power system optimal dispatch method - Google Patents
A kind of power system optimal dispatch method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of power system optimal dispatch methods, comprising: obtains the wind power output prediction error of electric system；Based on Monte Carlo simulation algorithm, the corresponding multiple wind power output scenes of wind power output prediction error are generated；The target scene of goal-selling scene number is obtained to multiple wind power output scene classifications based on K mean cluster algorithm and goal-selling scene number；Based on target scene, optimize the power output of photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation and power plant units, so that the total activation cost minimization of electric system.The present invention predicts that error generates a certain number of scenes using Monte-carlo Simulation Method according to wind-powered electricity generation first, then target scene number is reduced to scene using K mean algorithm, then it is based on target scene, using total activation cost minimization as target, photo-thermal power station and fired power generating unit power output during Optimized Operation.For the method convenient for analysis photo-thermal power station and influence of the wind-powered electricity generation combined operating to electric system overall operation economy, method is simple, is convenient for engineer application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Economical Operation of Power Systems technical fields, more particularly to a kind of power system optimal dispatch side
Method.
Background technique
Solar light-heat power-generation technology (concentrating solar power, CSP, abbreviation photo-thermal) is except photovoltaic is sent out
Another solar energy generation technology outside electricity.Compared to wind-powered electricity generation and photovoltaic power generation, photo-thermal power generation possesses flexible control characteristic, has
Stronger schedulable ability avoids photovoltaic power generation and the insoluble networking peaking problem of wind-power electricity generation.Due to photo-thermal power generation
Technical advantage and cost continuous reduction, photo-thermal power generation, which will become, improves the important of the following high proportion renewable energy consumption
Technology.For the schedulable ability for giving full play to the photo-thermal power station containing heat reservoir, by the renewable energy knot such as photo-thermal power station and wind-powered electricity generation
Altogether, it is possible to reduce the peaking problem of large-scale wind power access.But at present for photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation and wind-powered electricity generation
Electric system lacks effective Optimization Scheduling, to effectively reduce the abandonment rate of electric system and lose load phenomenon.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of power system optimal dispatch method, deposits in the process of running to reduce existing electric system
Abandonment and lose load the phenomenon that.
The technical scheme to solve the above technical problems is that a kind of power system optimal dispatch method, comprising:
Step 1, obtain electric system wind power output predict error, the electric system include photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation,
Thermal power plant and wind power plant；
Step 2 is based on Monte Carlo simulation algorithm, generates the corresponding M wind power output of the wind power output prediction error
Scene, M are positive integer；
Step 3 is based on K mean cluster algorithm and goal-selling scene number, the M wind power output scene is divided into described
The several class groups of goal-selling scene, and the corresponding target scene of each class group is calculated；
Step 4, the target scene based on the goal-selling scene number optimize the photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation and institute
The power output of power plant units is stated, so that the total activation cost minimization of the electric system, completes the Optimized Operation of electric system.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: electric system of the invention includes photo-thermal power station and wind power plant, first according to about
The wind-powered electricity generation prediction error of wind power plant generates a certain number of scenes using Monte-carlo Simulation Method, then uses K mean algorithm
Target scene number is reduced to scene, target scene is then based on, using total activation cost minimization as target, during Optimized Operation
Photo-thermal power station and fired power generating unit power output, wherein total activation cost includes cost of electricity-generating, start-up and shut-down costs, abandonment loss and loses load
Loss.Influence when this method can be convenient for analyzing photo-thermal power station and wind-powered electricity generation combined operating to electric system overall operation economy,
And the abandonment rate of electric system can be reduced and lose load phenomenon, existing electric system is effectively solved and exist in the process of running
The higher problem of operating cost, method is simple, and calculating speed is fast, be convenient for engineer application.
Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.
Further, the step 3 further include:
Calculate the generating probability of each target sceneWherein, s is the target
The number of scene, NsFor the goal-selling scene number, msIndicate wind power output described in the corresponding classification of s-th of target scene
The number of scene.
Further beneficial effect of the invention is: by obtaining several typical wind-powered electricity generation scenes, can sufficiently represent all
The feature of scene reduces the calculation amount of whole process.
Further, the abandonment lossIn formula, CWFor abandonment penalty coefficient, EW,tFor the electric power
For system in the abandonment electricity of t moment, T is dispatching cycle；
The mistake load lossIn formula, CLOSSTo lose load penalty coefficient, ELOSS.tFor
Mistake power load of the electric system in t moment.
Further beneficial effect of the invention is: abandonment loss and the calculation method for losing load loss can be calculated effectively
Load loss is lost and is lost in the entire actual abandonment of electric system.
Further, the corresponding objective function of the step 4 are as follows:
MinF=minpw,s[FG,s+FQT,s+FW,s+FLOSS,s]；
Wherein,
In formula, F is the total activation cost, FG,sFor cost of electricity-generating of the electric system under s-th of target scene；
FQT,sFor start-up and shut-down costs of the electric system under s-th of target scene；FW,sIt is the electric system in s-th of target field
Abandonment loss under scape；FLOSS,sThe mistake load loss for being the electric system under s-th of target scene；NGFor the thermoelectricity
The number of units of fired power generating unit in factory；ai、bi、ciIt is the cost coefficient of i-th fired power generating unit；It is i-th fired power generating unit
The power output of t moment under s target scene；NCSPFor the number of units of photo-thermal unit in the photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation,It is i-th
The operating status of fired power generating unit t moment under s-th of target scene, value are 1 expression open state, are 0 expression stoppage in transit state；For the operating status of jth platform photo-thermal unit t moment under s-th of target scene, value is 1 expression operating status, is 0 table
Show stoppage in transit state；SiFor the start-up and shut-down costs of i-th fired power generating unit, QjFor the start-up and shut-down costs of jth platform photo-thermal unit.
Further beneficial effect of the invention is: the optimizing scheduling target letter being scheduled to the entire electric system
Number has fully considered scheduling cost, abandonment loss and the mistake load loss of electric system, has provided the direction of model calculating, can
The abandonment rate of electric system is effectively reduced and loses load loss.
Further, the bound for objective function includes: the operation constraint condition of the thermal power plant, the power train
The power-balance constraint condition of system, the operation constraint condition of each photo-thermal unit in the photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation, and
The operation constraint condition of heat reservoir in the photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation.
Further beneficial effect of the invention is: comprehensively considering the operation constraint condition of thermal power plant, the power of electric system
The operation constraint condition of photo-thermal power station in equilibrium constraint, every photo-thermal unit, heat accumulation system in each unit of photo-thermal containing heat accumulation
The operation constraint condition of system, can effectively ensure that the safe and stable operation of entire electric system.
Further, the operation constraint condition of the thermal power plant includes: Climing constant condition, minimum start-off time constraints item
Part and Reserve Constraint condition.
Further beneficial effect of the invention is: fired power generating unit meets above-mentioned constraint, it can be ensured that thermal power plant is efficiently steady
Fixed operation.
Further, the power-balance constraint condition of the electric system are as follows:Formula
In, Pt WIt is the wind power plant in the power output of t moment, value is constant；Indicate jth platform photo-thermal unit in s-th of target field
The power output of t moment under scape；PL,s,tFor the load of electric system t moment under s-th of target scene.
Further beneficial effect of the invention is: the Power Systems equation of equilibrium, it can be ensured that electric system is efficient
Stable operation.
Further, the operation constraint condition of the jth platform photo-thermal unit are as follows:
In formula,WithRespectively jth platform photo-thermal unit under s-th of target scene t moment it is upper spare
It is spare under；WithRespectively minimum load and maximum of the jth platform photo-thermal unit under s-th of target scene
Power output,WithRespectively jth platform photo-thermal unit is climbed under climbing capacity and maximum in the maximum under s-th of target scene
Slope ability.
Further beneficial effect of the invention is: this contains the specific formula of the operation constraint of unit in heat accumulation photo-thermal power station,
It is capable of the operation of the true efficient stable of photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation.
Further, in the photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation heat reservoir operation constraint condition are as follows:
In formula, Emin,sThe least energy amount of storage for being the heat reservoir under s-th of target scene,WithPoint
Not Wei the heat reservoir energy that t moment and t-1 moment store under s-th of target scene, ρFLHAnd ηTSThe respectively described storage
The hourage at full capacity of hot systems and the heat of photo-thermal unit turn electrical efficiency,It is the photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation in s-th of mesh
Maximum output under scene is marked,WithThe respectively described heat reservoir under s-th of target scene the heat accumulation power of t moment and
Heat release power, γ, ηCAnd ηDDissipation factor, heat accumulation efficiency and the exothermal efficiency of the respectively described heat reservoir.
Further beneficial effect of the invention is: this contains the specific public affairs of the operation constraint of heat reservoir in heat accumulation photo-thermal power station
Formula, it can be ensured that the operation of the efficient stable of photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of power system optimal dispatch method provided by one embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The principle and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the invention.
A kind of power system optimal dispatch method 100, as shown in Figure 1, comprising:
Step 110, the wind power output for obtaining electric system predict error, and electric system includes photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation, fire
Power plant and wind power plant；
Step 120 is based on Monte Carlo simulation algorithm, generates wind power output and predicts error corresponding M wind power output field
Scape, M are positive integer；
Step 130 is based on K mean cluster algorithm and goal-selling scene number, and M wind power output scene is divided into default mesh
The several class groups of scene are marked, and the corresponding target scene of each class group is calculated；
Step 140, the target scene based on goal-selling scene number, optimization photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation and power plant units
Power output, so that the total activation cost minimization of electric system, completes the Optimized Operation of electric system.
It should be noted that Monte Carlo method, also referred to as computer stochastic simulation method or statistical simulation methods, pass through
The geometry quantity and geometrical characteristic for catching thing movement, are simulated using mathematical method, that is, it is real to carry out a kind of digital simulation
It tests.It is based on a probabilistic model, according to the discribed process of this model, by simulated experiment as a result, conduct
The approximate solution of problem.
K mean cluster algorithm is first to randomly select K object as initial cluster centre.Then calculate each object with
The distance between each seed cluster centre distributes to each object the cluster centre nearest apart from it.Cluster centre and
The object for distributing to them just represents a cluster.Once whole objects are all assigned, the cluster centre of each cluster can root
It is recalculated according to object existing in cluster.This process is repeated continuous until meeting some termination condition.Termination condition
Can be does not have (or minimal amount) object to be reassigned to different clusters, does not have (or minimal amount) cluster centre to send out again
Changing, error sum of squares Local Minimum.
Step 130 specifically includes: classifying to multiple wind power output scenes, generates the classification of preset quantity, every one kind
There are not multiple wind power output scenes, fusion superposition is carried out to multiple wind power output scenes in each classification, obtains a target
The corresponding target scene of scene, the i.e. category, therefore, the classification of preset quantity has the target scene of preset quantity correspondingly
Scene refers to 24 hours one day wind power output curves.
In fact, due to the inaccuracy of wind-powered electricity generation prediction and the non-scheduling of wind-powered electricity generation, the system of may cause cannot be received
All wind-power electricity generations need to take abandonment measure to guarantee system power balance；Alternatively, the capacity that generates electricity in system is not able to satisfy load,
Cutting load measure need to be taken to guarantee system power balance.Therefore, it is necessary to consider and control in scheduling process since abandonment and mistake are negative
The abandonment loss and lose load loss that lotus event generates
The present embodiment predicts that error generates a certain number of scenes using Monte-carlo Simulation Method according to wind-powered electricity generation first, so
Target scene number is reduced to scene using K mean algorithm afterwards, target scene is then based on, using total activation cost minimization as mesh
It marks, photo-thermal power station and conventional power unit power output during Optimized Operation, wherein total activation cost includes that abandonment loss and mistake load damage
It loses.The method can be convenient for analysis photo-thermal power station and wind-powered electricity generation combined operating, the influence to electric system overall operation economy, and
The abandonment rate of electric system can be reduced and lose load phenomenon, method is simple, and calculating speed is fast, is convenient for engineer application.
Preferably, step 130 further include:
Calculate the generating probability of each target sceneWherein, s is the volume of target scene
Number, NsFor goal-selling scene number, msIndicate the number of wind power output scene in the corresponding classification of s-th of target scene.
For example, a total of 100 wind power output scenes, goal-selling scene number is five, by K mean cluster algorithm, is obtained
To five class wind power output scenes, the first kind has 20 wind power output scenes, and the second class has 5 wind power output scenes, and third class has
25 wind power output scenes, the 4th class have 20 wind power output scenes, and the 5th class has 30 wind power output scenes, then and every a kind of one
One it is corresponding have a target scene, the accounting of each target scene is respectively as follows: 0.2,0.05,0.25 and 0.3.By obtaining allusion quotation
Several wind-powered electricity generation scenes of type, can sufficiently represent the feature of all scenes, reduce the calculation amount of whole process.
Preferably, abandonment is lostIn formula, CWFor abandonment penalty coefficient, EW,tIt is electric system in t
The abandonment electricity at moment, T are dispatching cycle；Lose load lossIn formula, CLOSSIt is punished to lose load
Penalty factor, ELOSS.tFor electric system t moment mistake power load.
It should be noted that abandonment penalty coefficient is mainly determined according to the environmental benefit of wind-powered electricity generation, energy-saving and emission-reduction benefit, lose negative
Lotus penalty coefficient is mainly determined according to the significance level of load.Abandonment loss and the calculation method for losing load loss, can have
Effect calculates the actual abandonment loss of entire electric system and loses load loss.
Preferably, the corresponding objective function of step 140 are as follows:
MinF=minpw,s[FG,s+FQT,s+FW,s+FLOSS,s]；
Wherein,
In formula, F is total activation cost, FG,sFor cost of electricity-generating of the electric system under s-th of target scene；FQT,sFor electricity
Start-up and shut-down costs of the Force system under s-th of target scene；FW,sThe abandonment for being electric system under s-th of target scene loss；
FLOSS,sThe mistake load loss for being electric system under s-th of target scene；NGFor the number of units of fired power generating unit in thermal power plant；ai、bi、
ciIt is the cost coefficient of i-th fired power generating unit；For the power output of i-th fired power generating unit t moment under s-th of target scene；
NCSPFor the number of units of photo-thermal unit in photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation,For i-th fired power generating unit under s-th of target scene t moment
Operating status, value is 1 expression open state, is 0 expression stoppage in transit state；It is jth platform photo-thermal unit in s-th of target
The operating status of t moment under scene, value are 1 expression operating status, are 0 expression stoppage in transit state；SiFor i-th fired power generating unit
Start-up and shut-down costs, QjFor the start-up and shut-down costs of jth platform photo-thermal unit.
The optimizing scheduling objective function being scheduled to entire electric system, has fully considered being scheduled to for electric system
Originally, abandonment loss and mistake load loss, provide the direction of model calculating, and abandonment rate and the mistake that can effectively reduce electric system are negative
Lotus loss.
Preferably, bound for objective function includes: the operation constraint condition of thermal power plant, the power-balance of electric system
Constraint condition, the operation constraint condition of each photo-thermal unit in photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation, and heat accumulation in photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation
The operation constraint condition of system.
Comprehensively consider the operation constraint condition of thermal power plant, the power-balance constraint condition of electric system, every photo-thermal unit
The operation constraint condition of middle photo-thermal power station, each in the unit of photo-thermal containing heat accumulation heat reservoir operation constraint condition, can effectively protect
Demonstrate,prove the safe and stable operation of entire electric system.
Preferably, the operation constraint condition of thermal power plant includes: Climing constant condition, minimum start-off time constraints condition, with
And Reserve Constraint condition.
Fired power generating unit meets above-mentioned constraint, it can be ensured that the operation of thermal power plant's efficient stable.
Preferably, the power-balance constraint condition of electric system are as follows:In formula,
Pt WIt is wind power plant in the power output of t moment, value is constant；Indicate jth platform photo-thermal unit under s-th of target scene when t
The power output at quarter；PL,s,tFor the load of electric system t moment under s-th of target scene.
The Power Systems equation of equilibrium, it can be ensured that the operation of electric system efficient stable.
Preferably, the operation constraint condition of jth platform photo-thermal unit are as follows:
In formula,WithRespectively jth platform photo-thermal unit under s-th of target scene t moment it is upper spare
It is spare under；WithRespectively minimum load and maximum of the jth platform photo-thermal unit under s-th of target scene
Power output,WithRespectively jth platform photo-thermal unit is climbed under climbing capacity and maximum in the maximum under s-th of target scene
Slope ability.
In the photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation photo-thermal power station operation constraint specific formula, can really photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation height
Imitate stable operation.
Preferably, in photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation heat reservoir operation constraint condition are as follows:
In formula, Emin,sThe least energy amount of storage for being the heat reservoir under s-th of target scene,WithPoint
Not Wei the heat reservoir energy that t moment and t-1 moment store under s-th of target scene, ρFLHAnd ηTSThe respectively described storage
The hourage at full capacity of hot systems and the heat of photo-thermal unit turn electrical efficiency,It is the photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation in s-th of mesh
Maximum output under scene is marked,WithThe respectively described heat reservoir under s-th of target scene the heat accumulation power of t moment and
Heat release power, γ, ηCAnd ηDDissipation factor, heat accumulation efficiency and the exothermal efficiency of the respectively described heat reservoir.
The specific formula of the operation constraint of heat reservoir in the photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation, it can be ensured that photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation
The operation of efficient stable.
Optimization Scheduling through this embodiment, can be in the case where same light shines power, to two kinds of solar power generations
The economic indicator that system is run under scene compares, i.e. scene 1 are as follows: electric system is by photovoltaic plant, thermal power plant and wind power plant
Composition；Scene 2 are as follows: electric system is made of photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation, thermal power plant and wind power plant.This is passed through to two scenes respectively
The Optimization Scheduling of embodiment carries out minimum total activation cost calculation, by comparing two minimum total activation costs, can analyze
Obtain the utility value of the photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of power system optimal dispatch method characterized by comprising
Step 1, the wind power output for obtaining electric system predict error, and the electric system includes photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation, thermoelectricity
Factory and wind power plant；
Step 2 is based on Monte Carlo simulation algorithm, generates the corresponding M wind power output scene of the wind power output prediction error,
M is positive integer；
Step 3 is based on K mean cluster algorithm and goal-selling scene number, the M wind power output scene is divided into described default
The several class groups of target scene, and the corresponding target scene of each class group is calculated；
Step 4, the target scene based on the goal-selling scene number optimize the photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation and the fire
The power output of Power Plant, so that the total activation cost minimization of the electric system, completes the Optimized Operation of electric system.
2. a kind of power system optimal dispatch method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 3 further include:
Calculate the generating probability of each target sceneWherein, s is the target scene
Number, NsFor the goal-selling scene number, msIndicate wind power output scene described in the corresponding classification of s-th of target scene
Number.
3. a kind of power system optimal dispatch method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the abandonment lossIn formula, CWFor abandonment penalty coefficient, EW,tIt is the electric system in the abandonment electricity of t moment, T is to adjust
Spend the period；
The mistake load lossIn formula, CLOSSTo lose load penalty coefficient, ELOSS.tFor the electricity
Mistake power load of the Force system in t moment.
4. a kind of power system optimal dispatch method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the step 4 is corresponding
Objective function are as follows:
MinF=minpw,s[FG,s+FQT,s+FW,s+FLOSS,s]；
Wherein,
In formula, F is the total activation cost, FG,sFor cost of electricity-generating of the electric system under s-th of target scene；FQT,sFor
Start-up and shut-down costs of the electric system under s-th of target scene；FW,sIt is the electric system under s-th of target scene
Abandonment loss；FLOSS,sThe mistake load loss for being the electric system under s-th of target scene；NGFor thermal power plant's moderate heat
The number of units of motor group；ai、bi、ciIt is the cost coefficient of i-th fired power generating unit；It is i-th fired power generating unit in s-th of mesh
Mark the power output of t moment under scene；NCSPFor the number of units of photo-thermal unit in the photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation,For i-th thermal motor
The operating status of group t moment under s-th of target scene, value are 1 expression open state, are 0 expression stoppage in transit state；For
The operating status of jth platform photo-thermal unit t moment under s-th of target scene, value are 1 expression operating status, are that 0 expression is stopped transport
State；SiFor the start-up and shut-down costs of i-th fired power generating unit, QjFor the start-up and shut-down costs of jth platform photo-thermal unit.
5. a kind of power system optimal dispatch method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the pact of the objective function
Beam condition includes: the operation constraint condition of the thermal power plant, and the power-balance constraint condition of the electric system is described to contain heat accumulation
In photo-thermal power station in the operation constraint condition and the photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation of each photo-thermal unit heat reservoir fortune
Row constraint condition.
6. a kind of power system optimal dispatch method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the operation of the thermal power plant
Constraint condition includes: Climing constant condition, minimum start-off time constraints condition and Reserve Constraint condition.
7. a kind of power system optimal dispatch method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the function of the electric system
Rate equilibrium constraint are as follows:In formula, Pt WFor the wind power plant going out in t moment
Power, value are constant；Indicate the power output of jth platform photo-thermal unit t moment under s-th of target scene；PL,s,tFor the electricity
The load of Force system t moment under s-th of target scene.
8. a kind of power system optimal dispatch method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the jth platform photo-thermal machine
The operation constraint condition of group are as follows:
In formula,WithRespectively jth platform photo-thermal unit under s-th of target scene t moment it is upper it is spare and under
It is spare；WithRespectively minimum load and maximum output of the jth platform photo-thermal unit under s-th of target scene,WithRespectively jth platform photo-thermal unit in the maximum under s-th of target scene climbing capacity and it is maximum under climb energy
Power.
9. a kind of power system optimal dispatch method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the electricity of photo-thermal containing heat accumulation
The operation constraint condition of heat reservoir in standing are as follows:
In formula, Emin,sThe least energy amount of storage for being the heat reservoir under s-th of target scene,WithRespectively
The heat reservoir energy that t moment and t-1 moment store under s-th of target scene, ρFLHAnd ηTSThe respectively described heat accumulation system
The hourage at full capacity of system and the heat of photo-thermal unit turn electrical efficiency,It is the photo-thermal power station containing heat accumulation in s-th of target field
Maximum output under scape,WithThe respectively described heat reservoir heat accumulation power of t moment and heat release under s-th of target scene
Power, γ, ηCAnd ηDDissipation factor, heat accumulation efficiency and the exothermal efficiency of the respectively described heat reservoir.
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| CN111525620A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-08-11 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Optimal scheduling method of wind power and cogeneration system based on heat storage of heat supply network |
| CN113541195A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-22 | 国家电网公司华中分部 | Method for consuming high-proportion renewable energy in future power system |
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